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Abstracts Stability of practical polarization transformer (PPT) proposed by Huang is studied for the application of all-fiber optical current transformers (AFOCTs). The previous zero-order approximate solution ignores inter-mode coupling, which is one of the factors causing AFOCT instability. This paper develops a concise approximate solution to take into account the coupling between two local eigen-modes in the PPT. It is shown that power exchange of the two modes is determined by the internal coupling coefficient. Guidelines for designing spin rate profiles are given and verified with numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new organic penta­borate, C4H7N2+·B5O6(OH)4−, has been synthesized under hydro­thermal conditions. Its crystal structure is composed of isolated penta­borate anions and 2-methyl­imidazolium counter-cations. The B5O6(OH)4− units are connected to one another through hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework with large channels along the c axis, in which the cations are located. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]