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Ringy nanostructures are amazing materials, displaying unique optical, magnetic, and electronic properties highly related to their dimensions. A strategy capable of continuously tailoring the diameter of nanorings is the key to elucidating their structure‐function relationship. Herein, a method of bi‐component micellar‐configuration‐transformation induced by hydrophobicity for the synthesis of nanorings with diameters ranging from submicron (≈143 nm) to micron (≈4.8 µm) and their carbonaceous analogs is established. Remarkably, the nanorings fabricated with this liquid phase strategy achieve the record for the largest diameter span. Through varying the molecular lengths of fatty alcohols and copolymers, shortening the molecular length of fatty alcohol can swell the primary micelles, improve the exposure of hydrophobic component and boost the assembly kinetics for ultra‐large nanorings is shown here. On the other hand, shortening the molecular length of the copolymer will give rise to ultra‐small nanorings by reducing the size of primary micelles and shortening the assembly time. When assembling the nanorings into monolayer arrays and then depositing Au, such substrate displays enhanced surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. This research develops a facile method for the controllable synthesis of ringy materials with multiscale tunable diameters and may inspire more interesting applications in physics, optical, and sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents two quantum algorithms for computing the product of a circulant matrix and a vector. The arithmetic complexity of the first algorithm is O (N log 2 N) in most cases. For the second algorithm, when the entries in the circulant matrix and the vector take values in C or R , the complexity is O (N log 2 N) in most cases. However, when these entries take values from positive real numbers, the complexity is reduced to O (log 3 N) in most cases, which presents an exponential speedup compared to the classical complexity of O (N log N) for computing the product of a circulant matrix and vector. We apply this algorithm to the convolution calculation in quantum convolutional neural networks, which effectively accelerates the computation of convolutions. Additionally, we present a concrete quantum circuit structure for quantum convolutional neural networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While existing polyoxometalates (POMs) are predominantly utilized in a range of energy devices, their potential in bioelectronics and optoelectronics, particularly in organic photoelectrochemical transistors (OPECTs), remains unexplored. Here, the potential of POMs in this aspect is unveiled by a POM/sulfide‐gated OPECT. The representative PW12/ZnIn2S4 with cascading light‐harvesting and enzyme‐like functionality enables unique on‐off OPECT operation. The incorporation of PW12 facilitates the separation of photogenerated charge carriers across the heterojunction interface, consequently inducing a pronounced gating effect. Linking with a CRISPR/Cas13a system correlating the target miRNA‐21 and biological generation of H2O2, the PW12 will enable the polymerization of dopamine into polydopamine and thus sensitively inhibit the OPECT gating. Experimental results demonstrated that the developed OPECT sensor achieved good analytical performance with a detection limit as low as 3.9 fm. This study demonstrates the potential of POMs in OPECT. Given the large family and multifunction of POMs, its implications in the diverse bioelectronics and optoelectronics are expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper ions (Cu2+) play an essential role in various cellular functions, including respiration, nerve conduction, tissue maturation, oxidative stress defense, and iron metabolism. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials with directed structural designability and high stability due to the combination of different monomers through covalent bonds. In this study, we synthesized a porphyrin-tetrathiazole COF (TT-COF(Zn)) with Zn-porphyrin and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) as monomers and used it as a photoactive material. The strong light absorption of metalloporphyrin and the electron-rich properties of supplied TTF contribute to its photoelectrochemical performance. Additionally, the sulfur (S) in the TTF can coordinate with Cu2+. Based on these properties, we constructed a highly sensitive photoelectrochemical sensor for detecting Cu2+. The sensor exhibited a linear range from 0.5 nM to 500 nM (R2 = 0.9983) and a detection limit of 0.15 nM for Cu2+. Notably, the sensor performed well when detecting Cu2+ in water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Nicotine withdrawal is a multifaceted physiological and psychological process that can induce a spectrum of mood disturbances. Gaining a more nuanced understanding of how pure nicotine withdrawal influences cognitive control functions may provide valuable insights for the enhancement of smoking cessation programs. This study investigated changes in inhibitory control function in smokers after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Participants and Methods: 28 nicotine dependence (ND) patients and 28 health controls (HCs) completed a smoking-cued Go/No-go task containing two different types of picture stimuli, smoking-cued and neutral picture stimuli. We analyzed the behavioral and ERP data using a mixed model Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: No-go trials accuracy rate (ACC) at baseline (time 1) was lower in the ND group compared to HCs with smoking-cued stimuli, and No-go trials ACC after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal (time 2) was not lower in the ND group compared to HCs. When confronted with smoking-cued stimuli, the No-go trials ACC was higher in time 2 than in time 1 in the ND group. For the ERP component, the No-go N2 amplitudes in the ND group with smoking-cued stimuli were lower than that of HCs, whereas after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal, the ND group's No-go N2 amplitudes higher than that at time 1, and did not differ from that of HCs. No-go P3 amplitudes were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Evidenced from ERP data, ND patients have an inhibitory control dysfunction in the face of smoking cues, which is mainly manifested in the early stage of response inhibition rather than in the late stage. Two-hour nicotine withdrawal improves inhibitory control dysfunction in ND patients. The No-go N2 component is an important and sensitive neuroelectrophysiological indicator of inhibitory control function in ND patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used the ITS approach based on Illumina MiSeq sequencing to assess the endosphere and rhizosphere fungal communities in healthy and diseased faba bean plants. The findings indicate that the most predominant phyla in all samples were Ascomycota (49.89–99.56%) and Basidiomycota (0.33–25.78%). In healthy endosphere samples, Glomeromycota (0.08–1.17%) was the only predominant phylum. In diseased endosphere samples, Olpidiomycota (0.04–1.75%) was the only predominant phylum. At the genus level, Penicillium (0.47–35.21%) was more abundant in rhizosphere soil, while Paraphoma (3.48–91.16%) was predominant in the endosphere roots of faba bean plants. Significant differences were observed in the alpha diversity of rhizosphere samples from different germplasm resources (p < 0.05). The fungal community structures were clearly distinguished between rhizosphere and endosphere samples and between healthy and diseased endosphere samples (p < 0.05). Saccharomyces was significantly enriched in diseased endosphere samples, whereas Apiotrichum was enriched in healthy endosphere samples. Vishniacozyma and Phialophora were enriched in diseased rhizosphere samples, while Pseudogymnoascus was enriched in healthy rhizosphere samples. Diseased samples displayed more strongly correlated genera than healthy samples. Saprotrophs accounted for a larger proportion of the fungal microbes in rhizosphere soil than in endosphere roots. This study provides a better understanding of the composition and diversity of fungal communities in the rhizosphere and endosphere of faba bean plants as well as a theoretical guidance for future research on the prevention or control of faba bean root rot disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the speed of evolution of a two qubits system passing through three kinds of correlated channels (amplitude damping, phase damping, and depolarizing). By utilizing the pre-weak measurement and post-measurement scheme, the evolution speed of the system can be accelerated when suffers from the correlated noise channels. If the correlation parameter of the channel is adjusted, the speed of evolution will change with the variation of the strength of the correlated noise environment. In addition, the relation between entanglement and the measurement scheme is also studied. It is shown that entanglement may induce the change of evolution speed and the measurements could enhance the entanglement between the two qubits as the system is in a correlated amplitude damping channel and depolarizing channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral cyclopropane derivatives are essential in synthetic chemistry and drug discovery. Their synthesis commonly relies on asymmetric cyclopropanation of diazo compounds, potentially explosive and needing stabilizing substituents. Thus, asymmetric catalytic transformations of non‐stabilized carbenes or carbenoids remain a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the unprecedented chromium‐catalyzed asymmetric cyclopropanation of readily available gem‐dihaloalkanes and terminal olefins. Distinct from previous approaches, gem‐dihaloalkanes serve as suitable precursors for non‐stabilized carbenes or carbenoids, furnishing various functionalized chiral cyclopropanes. Mechanistic studies, including radical trapping, non‐linear effect, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, provide insights into the catalytic process, featuring radical‐polar crossover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral cyclopropane derivatives are essential in synthetic chemistry and drug discovery. Their synthesis commonly relies on asymmetric cyclopropanation of diazo compounds, potentially explosive and needing stabilizing substituents. Thus, asymmetric catalytic transformations of non‐stabilized carbenes or carbenoids remain a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the unprecedented chromium‐catalyzed asymmetric cyclopropanation of readily available gem‐dihaloalkanes and terminal olefins. Distinct from previous approaches, gem‐dihaloalkanes serve as suitable precursors for non‐stabilized carbenes or carbenoids, furnishing various functionalized chiral cyclopropanes. Mechanistic studies, including radical trapping, non‐linear effect, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, provide insights into the catalytic process, featuring radical‐polar crossover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, in order to achieve certain one-dimensional (1D) topological edge states, we provide a method to construct an edge configuration from the two-periodic structures. Those two-periodic structures have different Zak phases that lead to some topological edge states found in the transmission spectrum. A field distribution shows the intense field localization effect around the interface. When the structure includes nonlinear material, the intense field localization field at the interface will result in nonlinear effect. The simulation based on a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method demonstrates that the topological edge states can result in the third-order harmonic (TH) generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum speed limit (QSL) represents the minimum evolution time of a quantum system. We investigate the QSL time of a two-level qubit in a phase-damping channel. By manipulating measurement-based feedback controls on the qubit, we show that the QSL time of the qubit can have an obvious decline when the measurement rate is high. We also study the effect from feedback and find that the QSL time can reach the largest value when the feedback angle is and it decreases symmetrically on both sides of the angle. Additionally, the QSL time of qubit in the whole dynamic process is calculated. High rate of measurement and control is helpful to drive the QSL time to a stable value at earlier time and the variation of the optimal evolution time can be witnessed by the purity of the qubit system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Size regulation of uniform polymer nanospheres (PNSs) and carbon nanospheres (CNSs) below 100 nm has been difficult and is limited by multiple factors, such as ongoing nucleation, Ostwald ripening, minimization of surface energy, and high viscosity during the nucleation and growth process. In this study, a kinetics-controlled regulation is reported for the synthesis of monodispersed PNSs and corresponding CNSs with adjustable size below 100 nm. During the synthesis of PNSs, three distinct stages including surface energy control, surface tension control and viscosity control have been observed, where the concentration of block copolymer F127 (CF127) plays a vital role in affecting the nucleation rate of PNSs and tunes the diffusion rate of monomers and migration of particles during the nucleation and growth process. As a consequence, the size of monodisperse CNSs can be customized from 100 nm down to 41 nm with PDI below 5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on nutrient apparent digestibility and serum immune indexes of Holstein bulls in high temperature season. 48 healthy Holstein bulls with body weight of (313.75±13.55) kg were randomly divided into four groups, with 12 replicates in each group and one bull in each replicate. The bulls in control group were fed with a basal diet, and the APS supplemental levels in group I, group II and group III were 8, 16 and 24 g/(head⋅d), respectively. The pre-experiment lasted for 7 d, and the formal experiment lasted for 60 d. The results showed that the addition of APS in diet and the addition time had significant effect on apparent digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, and P (P<0.05). On the 30th day, the nutrient apparent digestibility of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), CP in group II was significantly higher than that in group I and group III (P<0.05), the NDF of bulls in group I and group II was higher than that in group III (P<0.05), and the Ca digestibility of bulls in group II was significantly higher than that in group I and group III (P<0.05). On the 60th day, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, ADF and P in group I was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). On the 60th day of experiment, the content of serum IgG in group II was 49.69% higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and 43.48% higher than that in group I (P<0.05). The content of serum IgG in group III was 47.18% higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that dietary supplementation of 8 to 16 g/(head⋅d) can effectively increase nutrient apparent digestibility and improve immune performance of Holstein bulls in high temperature season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NH 2 -CNTs@TTCOF-Cu with high-activity Cu N C centers and conductive backbone was used as electrode modifiers for selective and simultaneous quantification of G and A. [Display omitted] • NH 2 -CNTs@TTCOF-Cu with high-activity Cu N C centers and conductive backbone was prepared. • NH 2 -CNTs@TTCOF-Cu/GCE showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for G and A. • The sensor displayed good performance for individual and simultaneous determination of G and A. • The method was applied for the analysis of G and A in heat-denatured herring sperm DNA samples. In this study, we integrated Cu porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks (TTCOF-Cu) with high-activity Cu N C centers and conductive backbone-functionalized carbon nanotubes (NH 2 -CNTs). The obtained NH 2 -CNTs@TTCOF-Cu composites exhibited a unique structure, and the bonding of TTCOF-Cu to NH 2 -CNTs allowed their in situ growth, which demonstrated high conductivity and more active sites. Consequently, well-separated and defined oxidation peaks for guanine (G) and adenine (A) were presented by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at NH 2 -CNTs@TTCOF-Cu modified electrode, and high sensitivity and selectivity were also achieved. The linear range for detecting G and A was 0.05–200 μM, respectively, and the detection limits for G and A were as low as 0.0163 and 0.0155 μM. It was also successfully applied to the analysis of G and A in heat-denatured herring sperm DNA samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electronic and transport properties of 1D helical carbyne chains (HCCs) are investigated in terms of continuum medium mechanics, density functional theory, and nonequilibrium Green's function by modeling a covalently sandwiched HCC connecting two zigzag graphene nanoribbon leads. It is found that the current of the device decreases by up to two orders of magnitude with increasing twisted pitch. The prodigious negative differential resistance (NDR) and rectifying effects are only exhibited in HCCs with multiple coil cycles. Moreover, graphene/HCC junctions with parallel/antiparallel magnetism configurations allow perfect (100%) spin polarization and NDR behaviors and simultaneously realize the switching effect during twisting. The results provide inspiration for the optimal design of nanomaterials and development of high‐performance multifunctional all‐carbon nanodevices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-porphyrin-based covalent organic framework integrated with nitrogen doped carbon nanotube was used as electrode modifier material for selective and simultaneous electrochemical detection of hydroquinone and catechol. [Display omitted] • Co-porphyrin-based covalent organic framework was designed and prepared. • TT-COF(Co)/N-CNTs/GCE showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for the simultaneous detection of HQ and CA. • A wide linear range and a low detection limit were achieved. • The developed sensor was successfully applied for the analysis of HQ and CA in real samples. A novel Co-porphyrin-based covalent organic framework (TT-COF(Co)) was synthesized and further integrated with nitrogen doped carbon nanotube (N-CNTs), which was used as electrode modifier material for the application in selective and simultaneous electrochemical detection of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CA). The successful formation of TT-COF(Co)/N-CNTs nanocomposite was confirmed through a series of different characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical results indicated that TT-COF(Co)/N-CNTs nanocomposite modified electrode had excellent sensing performance for HQ and CA in phosphate buffer, enabling selectively and simultaneously determination of these two dihydroxybenzene isomers. Under optimal testing conditions, linear calibration curves for the selective determination of HQ or CA in the presence of 30 µM of the corresponding isomers were obtained over the concentration range of 0.01–500 µM. The linear ranges for the simultaneous determination of HQ and CA were 0.003–300 µM, with detection limits of 0.81 nM for HQ and 0.74 nM for CA, respectively. The sensor also demonstrated satisfactory selectivity and stability, and was successfully used to analyse HQ and CA in real water samples. Our work made a useful contribution to strategical design of functionalized COFs materials for electrochemical sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isolated cyclo[18]carbon (C18), as a newly synthesized carbon allotrope, has potential to become the core unit of high‐end electronic devices due to its excellent physical properties. However, the research on C18 in molecular devices is still in the rudimentary stage. Herein, a novel molecular spin‐filtering device, formed by covalently sandwiching a C18 ring between two zigzag‐edged graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs), is investigated based on the nonequilibrium Green's function method and density functional theory. It is found that the spin‐polarized current can be implemented and controlled through adjusting the magnetic configuration of left (right) electrode. Remarkably, a strong bimolecular configuration switching effect can be achieved by inserting a metal carbon chain between nonmagnetic ZGNRs and C18 (on/off ratio of ≈2737). The results suggest theoretical guidance for the design of next‐generation carbon‐based molecular spintronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing efficient catalysts to convert CO2 into value‐added chemicals is valuable for reducing carbon emissions. Herein, a kind of novel thiolate‐based ionic liquid with sulfur as the active site was designed and synthesized, which served as highly efficient catalyst for the reductive N‐functionalization of CO2 by amines and hydrosilane. By adjusting the CO2 pressure, various N‐formamides and N‐methylamines were selectively obtained in high yields. Remarkably, at the catalyst loading of 0.1 mol %, the N‐formylation reaction of N‐methylaniline exhibited an impressive turnover frequency (TOF) up to 600 h−1, which could be attributed to the roles of the ionic liquids in activating hydrosilane and amine. In addition, control experiments and NMR monitoring experiments provided evidence that the reduction of CO2 by hydrosilane yielded formoxysilane intermediates that subsequently reacted with amines to form N‐formylated products. Alternatively, the formoxysilane intermediates could further react with hydrosilane and amine to produce 4‐electron‐reduced aminal products. These aminal products served as crucial intermediates in the N‐methylation reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the quantum speed limit (QSL) time of the two-qubit XYZ spin chain model with the influence of intrinsic decoherence. We show that the intrinsic decoherence can suppress the evolution of this system, no matter what initial states the two qubits start from. The investigation of entanglement reveals that quantum correlation is the physical reason for the acceleration of the system. In addition, we also demonstrate that for different initial states, external magnetic field may have opposite influence on QSL time and it mainly derives from the inhibition of entanglement as magnetic field increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of Landau–de Gennes theory and the finite-difference iterative method, spontaneous chiral structures in cylinders with degenerate planar boundary conditions are investigated. A double-twist director configuration can be achieved by the saddle–splay contribution, corresponding to the L24 term in Landau–de Gennes theory. The twist angle increases as the radius R of the cylinder is reduced because the curvature of the cylindrical surface becomes larger. Moreover, we find fine structures of the domain walls and point defects between opposite-handed domains. An energy comparison shows that domain walls are the stable state for K24/K> 0.6 (K11 = K33 = K, K11, K33 and K24 are the splay, bend, saddle–splay elastic constants in Frank theory), whereas point defects are the stable state for K24/K< 0.6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise training mitigates cardiac pathological remodeling and dysfunction caused by myocardial infarction (MI), but its underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our present study in an in vivo rat model of MI determined the impact of post‐MI exercise training on myocardial fibrosis, mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant capacity, and ventricular function. Adult male rats were randomized into: (a) Sedentary control group; (b) 4‐week treadmill exercise training group; (c) Sham surgery group; (d) MI group with permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery and kept sedentary during post‐MI period; and (e) post‐MI 4‐week exercise training group. Results indicated that exercise training significantly improved post‐MI left ventricular function and reduced markers of cardiac fibrosis. Exercise training also significantly attenuated MI‐induced mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which were associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme expression and/or activity and total antioxidant capacity in the heart. Interestingly, the adaptive activation of the SIRT1/PGC‐1α/PI3K/Akt signaling following MI was further enhanced by post‐MI exercise training, which is likely responsible for exercise‐induced cardioprotection and mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, this study has provided novel evidence on the activation of SIRT1/PGC‐1α/PI3K/Akt pathway, which may mediate exercise‐induced cardioprotection through reduction of cardiac fibrosis and oxidative stress, as well as improvement of mitochondrial integrity and biogenesis in post‐MI myocardium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new protocol to synthesize 1,2-dihydrocyclobuta[b]quinoline derivatives from isocyanophenyl-substituted methylenecyclopropanes via a formal insertion of isocyanide carbon into a C−C bond has been developed. The reaction proceeds smoothly in the presence of silver carbonate (5 mol%) upon heating in a highly atom economic manner and exhibits broad substrate scope, giving the desired products in moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, several transformations of the obtained products have been also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the quantum speed limit (QSL) time of qubits in a finite XY spin chain with the influence of external transvers magnetic field. When the magnetic field is first at a given value and then suddenly turns off, the evolution of the system occurs. It is a novel discovery for us that there is different mechanism for speed-up of the three kinds of qubits in the same spin chain. For the QSL time of single-site qubit, we find that the transverse magnetization is a potential influence factor for the evolution of single qubit. As for the nearest-neighbor qubits' QSL time, it is found that the entanglement between two nearest spins is an important resource for speeding up the system evolution. Finally, we analyze the QSL time of next-nearest-neighbor qubits and show that when the effect of entanglement is limit, quenched magnetic field and anisotropy parameter show the effectiveness on accelerating quantum evolution. Graphical abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the approach to the implementation, architecture, and performance of the Internet of Things (IoT) cloud service. Topics discussed include ability and pervasiveness of IoT to analyze and collect data, deployment and management of IoT application, and importance in the combination of Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) servers.

A new visible-light-induced trifluoromethylation of isonitrile-substituted methylenecyclopropanes is developed. A range of substituted 6-(trifluoromethyl)-7,8-dihydrobenzo[ k]phenanthridine derivatives are readily furnished by this newly developed tandem reaction with moderate to good yields. This reaction allows the direct formation of two six-membered rings and three new C−C bonds, including the C−CF3 bond, under visible light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HetVNETs can meet various QoS requirements for intelligent transport system services by integrating different access networks coherently. However, the current network architecture for HetVNET cannot efficiently deal with the increasing demands of a rapidly changing network landscape. Thanks to the centralization and flexibility of the Cloud-RAN, soft-defined networking can conveniently be applied to support the dynamic nature of future HetVNET functions and various applications while reducing the operating costs. In this article, we first propose the multi-layer Cloud-RAN architecture for implementing the new network, where the multi-domain resources can be exploited as needed for vehicle users. Then the high-level design of a soft-defined HetVNET is presented in detail. Finally, we briefly discuss key challenges and solutions for this new network, corroborating its feasibility in the emerging fifth-generation era. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A new type of standard elliptical four-pocket hybrid journal bearing is presented to adapt the space requirement of the non-circular orbit of machine tool spindle centre. The Reynolds equation and flow continuity equation have been solved using finite difference method, overrelaxation method and underrelaxation method. Dynamic performance characteristics of the new type of standard elliptical four-pocket hybrid journal bearing have been investigated, and compared with those of the other three hybrid journal bearings (two-lobe four-pocket hybrid journal bearings and two circular four-pocket hybrid journal bearings with different radial clearances). The numerically simulated results indicate that such type of standard elliptical hybrid journal bearing is able to greatly improve the stability of hybrid journal bearing, and threshold speed even can be increased to 1.5, 2.6, and 3.1 times as high as that of two-lobe four-pocket hybrid journal bearing, and of two circular four-pocket hybrid journal bearings, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible thermoelectric generators (f -TEGs) can be used to supply power to wearable electronics or remote wireless sensors. Dispenser printing is an attractive f -TEG fabrication technique due to its direct-writing capability and cost-saving advantage. In this paper, we report the investigations of printing paste rheology, thermoelement sintering process and output performance of dispenser-printed f -TEGs. The sintered p- and n-type thermoelements exhibit high thermoelectric power factors of 23.2 and 19.1 μW/cm·K2, respectively, after optimization of both paste ingredients and sintering temperature. A planar f -TEGs containing 8 pairs of thermoelements can deliver a power of 68 μW under a temperature difference of 33 K. No performance degradation is detected for the f -TEG after 500 cycles of bending on a stainless-steel rod of 20 mm radius. The feasibility of powering a light-emitting-diode and charging a battery with a modular TEG containing seven f -TEGs is demonstrated. • A flexible thermoelectric generator (f -TEG) is made by dispenser printing method. • The rheological properties of thermoelectric pastes are reported. • Pressure-sintered thermoelements shows high PF of 23.2 (P) and 19.1 (N) μW/cm⋅K2. • The output power of an 8-paired f -TEG reaches 68 μW under a ΔT of 33 K. • A modular TEG demonstrates the feasibility of LED powering and battery charging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Winter wheat Druchamp has both high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance and all-stage resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). The HTAP resistance in Druchamp is durable as the variety has been resistant in adult-plant stage since it was introduced from France to the United States in late 1940s. To map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe rust resistance, an F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from cross Druchamp × Michigan Amber was phenotyped for stripe rust response in multiple years in fields under natural infection and with selected Pst races under controlled greenhouse conditions, and genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Composite interval mapping (CIM) identified eight HTAP resistance QTL and three all-stage resistance QTL. Among the eight HTAP resistance QTL, QYrdr.wgp-1BL.2 (explaining 2.36-31.04% variation), QYrdr.wgp-2BL (2.81–15.65%), QYrdr.wgp-5AL (2.27–17.22%) and QYrdr.wgp-5BL.2 (2.42–15.13%) were significant in all tests; and QYrdr.wgp-1BL.1 (1.94–10.19%), QYrdr.wgp-1DS (2.04–27.24%), QYrdr.wgp-3AL (1.78–13.85%) and QYrdr.wgp-6BL.2 (1.69–33.71%) were significant in some of the tests. The three all-stage resistance QTL, QYrdr.wgp-5BL.1 (5.47–36.04%), QYrdr.wgp-5DL (9.27–11.94%) and QYrdr.wgp-6BL.1 (13.07-20.36%), were detected based on reactions in the seedlings tested with certain Pst races. Among the eleven QTL detected in Druchamp, at least three (QYrdr.wgp-5DL for race-specific all-stage resistance and QYrdr.wgp-3AL and QYrdr.wgp-6BL.2 for race non-specific HTAP resistance) are new. All these QTL, especially those for durable HTAP resistance, and their closely linked molecular markers could be useful for developing wheat cultivars with durable resistance to stripe rust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruit cracking is a common physiological disorder in many fruit species. Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an economically valuable fruit in which fruit cracking seriously affects fruit yield and quality and causes significant economic losses. To elucidate cracking-related molecular mechanisms, the cracking-susceptible cultivars 'Cuizaohong' and 'Jinsixiaozao' and the cracking-resistant cultivar 'Muzao' were selected, and comparative transcriptome analyses of cracking and non-cracking 'Cuizaohong' (CC and NC), cracking and non-cracking 'Jinsixiaozao' (CJ and NJ), and non-cracking 'Muzao' (NM) were conducted. A total of 131 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were common to the CC vs. NC and CJ vs. NJ comparisons. To avoid passive processes after fruit cracking, we also mainly focused on the 225 gradually downregulated DEGs in the CJ, NJ, and NM samples. The functional annotation of the candidate DEGs revealed that 61 genes related to calcium, the cell wall, the cuticle structure, hormone metabolism, starch/sucrose metabolism, transcription factors, and water transport were highly expressed in cracking fruits. We propose that expression-level changes in these genes might increase the turgor pressure and weaken mechanical properties, ultimately leading to jujube fruit cracking. These results may serve as a rich genetic resource for future investigations on fruit cracking mechanisms in jujube and in other fruit species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A total of 55 NAC transcription factors were characterized in Ziziphus jujuba. • ZjNAC genes have the closest relationship with apple NAC genes. • ZjNAC genes are expressed in various tissues with different developmental stages. • ZjNAC genes response to tissue senescence and various abiotic stresses. Here, 55 genes encoding NAC were identified in the jujube genome. Based on gene structures, protein motifs, and phylogenetic relationships, the jujube NAC family was classified into five groups and 15 subgroups. All ZjNAC genes were distributed on 12 chromosomes and four tandem duplication events were detected. The publicly available RNA-Seq data revealed that ZjNAC genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, but a few genes were highly expressed in fruit. Target genes of NAC were predicted and these genes were enriched in stress responses, catabolism and hydrolysis process. Analyses of the cis -acting elements, homology relationship and genes expression levels under abiotic stresses showed that several genes, such as ZjNAC6 , ZjNAC35 , ZjNAC47 and ZjNAC55 , may be identified to be involved in responses to abscisic acid (ABA) and cold, drought, and salt stresses. Additionally, the differences in expression levels between the young and mature tissues imply ZjNAC genes may respond to tissue senescence. These results could lay a solid foundation for investigations of the biological roles of NAC, breeding improvement for stress resistance and retarding senescence in jujube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent experiments of strongly coupled complex plasmas (SCCPs), trapping-like phenomena of micro-sized dust particles were observed during propagation of large-amplitude dust-density waves. A small number of particles were observed being trapped and carried along with the waves. In the present paper, we study the similar trapping phenomena in two-dimensional SCCPs by using Brownian dynamics simulation. The trapping process and its new features arising from strong-coupling effects are investigated. In particular, similarities and differences between trapping in weakly coupled plasmas and SCCPs are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pressed protuberant character is a reflectorized character based on the difference of reflectance. The quality of its image is lower than the image of the generally character based on the chromatic difference between background and foreground. So, the general quality inspecting method based on the binary-scale character cannot adapt for the protuberant character. To solve this problem, a new method of direct gray-scale feature extraction based on the ring projection algorithm and the vector sum for inspecting the quality of the pressed character is presented. The new method keeps integrity feature of the protuberant character information dramatically, and can overcome the main shortages of the traditional method on binary-scale image, such as depending on a binarization algorithm extremely, lower performance of anti-jamming. A limited set of the tag pressed protuberant characters is extracted feature and inspected by the new method. The results show that the proposed method adapts to the variant gray-scale, location and orientation of the character, can yield an excellent performance on the condition of noise and deformity, and its accuracy is 97.27%. It is easy to control the pressed character quality using to adjust the inspecting threshold value. It has highly worth applying to correlated fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Based on a magnetized radio-frequency (rf) sheath model, we self-consistently simulated the rotational behaviors of two-dimensional (2D) dust Coulomb crystals with particle number N varying from 2 to 100. Motions of particles are tracked by solving their Newton''s equations in which various forces acting on the particles are considered. It is observed that these particles can arrange themselves into ordered structures roughly in a plane, i.e., the 2D Coulomb crystals, while rotations of the crystal driven by the azimuthal ion flow are established. The structures of the crystal are found to be similar to those observed in previous experiments. The angular frequency of the crystal rotation is found to be in the order of 10− 2 Hz, and proportional to the strength of magnetic field and inversely proportional to the discharge pressures. Additionally, the intershell or sheared rotations are observed in high magnetic field, while the rigid rotations are commonly observed in small magnetic field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) exerts its main function in the catabolism of the endogenous chemical messenger anandamide (AEA), thus modulating the endocannabinoid (eCB) pathway. Inhibition of FAAH may serve as an effective strategy to relieve anxiety and possibly other central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders. Positron emission tomography (PET) would facilitate us to better understand the relationship between FAAH in certain disease conditions, and accelerate clinical translation of FAAH inhibitors by providing in vivo quantitative information. So far, most PET tracers show irreversible binding patterns with FAAH, which would result in complicated quantitative processes. Herein, we have identified a new FAAH inhibitor (1-((1-methyl-1 H -indol-2-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-yl)(oxazol-2-yl)methanone (8) which inhibits the hydrolysis of AEA in the brain with high potency (IC 50 value 11 nM at a substrate concentration of 0.5 µM), and without showing time-dependency. The PET tracer 11C] 8 (also called 11C]FAAH-1906) was successfully radiolabeled with 11C]MeI in 17 ± 6% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (n = 7) with >74.0 GBq/μmol (2 Ci/μmol) molar activity and >99% radiochemical purity. Ex vivo biodistribution and blocking studies of 11C] 8 in normal mice were also conducted, indicating good brain penetration, high brain target selectivity, and modest to excellent target selectivity in peripheral tissues. Thus, 11C] 8 is a potentially useful PET ligand with enzyme inhibitory and target binding properties consistent with a reversible mode of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleiotropy is frequently detected in agronomic traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum). A locus on chromosome 4B, QTn/Ptn/Sl/Sns/Al/Tgw/Gl/Gw.caas-4B, proved to show pleiotropic effects on tiller, spike, and grain traits using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of Qingxinmai × 041133. The allele from Qingxinmai increased tiller numbers, and the allele from line 041133 produced better performances of spike traits and grain traits. Another 52 QTL for the eight traits investigated were detected on 18 chromosomes, except for chromosomes 5D, 6D, and 7B. Several genes in the genomic interval of the locus on chromosome 4B were differentially expressed in crown and inflorescence samples between Qingxinmai and line 041133. The development of the KASP marker specific for the locus on chromosome 4B is useful for molecular marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a popular and valuable technique, grafting is widely used to protect against soil-borne diseases and nematodes in vegetable production. Growing evidences have revealed that long intergenic ncRNAs (lincRNAs) are strictly regulated and play essential roles in plants development and stress responses. Nevertheless, genome-wide identification and function deciphering of pepper lincRNAs, especially for their roles in improving grafting pepper resistance to Phytophthora capsici is largely unknown. Results: In this study, RNA-seq data of grafting and control pepper plants with or without P. capsici inoculation were used to identify lincRNAs. In total, 2,388 reliable lincRNAs were identified. They were relatively longer and contained few exons than protein-coding genes. Similar to coding genes, lincRNAs had higher densities in euchromatin regions; and longer chromosome transcribed more lincRNAs. Expression pattern profiling suggested that lincRNAs commonly had lower expression than mRNAs. Totally, 607 differentially expressed lincRNAs (DE-lincRANs) were identified, of which 172 were found between P. capsici resistance grafting pepper sample GR and susceptible sample LDS. The neighboring genes of DE-lincRNAs and miRNAs competitively sponged by DE-lincRNAs were identified. Subsequently, the expression level of DE-lincRNAs was further confirmed by qRT-PCR and regulation patterns between DE-lincRNAs and neighboring mRNAs were also validated. Function annotation revealed that DE-lincRNAs increased the resistance of grafting prepper to P. capsici by modulating the expression of disease-defense related genes through cis-regulating and/or lincRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks. Conclusions: This study identified pepper lincRNAs and suggested their potential roles in increasing the resistance level of grafting pepper to P. capsici. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer, the most common invasive cancer of women, is a malignant neoplasm and the second main cause of cancer death. Resistance to paclitaxel (Taxol), one of the frequently used chemotherapy agents for breast cancer, presents a major clinical challenge. Recent studies revealed that metabolic alterations of cancer cells play important roles in chemo-resistance. Materials and methods: In this study, Human breast cancer cells, BT474, SKBR3 and MCF7 were used to study the causal relationship between the lactate exporter, MCT1 (SLC16A1)-modulated glucose metabolism and Taxol resistance of breast cancer cells. Taxol resistant breast cancer cells were established. The intracellular lactate and extracellular lactate levels as well glucose uptake and oxygen consumption were measured. MicroRNA-124 expressions were detected by qRT-PCR from both breast cancer patient samples and breast cancer cells. Target of miR-124 was predicted and verified by Western blot and luciferase assay. An xenograft mice model was established and evaluated for the in vivo tumor therapeutic effects of MCT1 inhibitor plus microRNA-124 treatments. Results: Low toxic Taxol treatments promoted cellular glucose metabolism and intracellular lactate accumulation with upregulated lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) and MCT1 expressions. By establishing Taxol resistant breast cancer cell line, we found Taxol resistant cells exhibit upregulated LDHA and MCT1 expressions. Furthermore, glucose consumption, lactate production and intracellular ATP were elevated in Taxol resistant MCF7 cells compared with their parental cells. The miR-124, a tumor suppressive miRNA, was significantly downregulated in Taxol resistant cells. Luciferase assay and q-RT-PCR showed MCT1 is a direct target of miR-124 in both breast cancer cell lines and patient specimens. Moreover, co-treatment of breast cancer cells with either MCT1 inhibitor or miR-124 plus Taxol led to synergistically cytotoxic effects. Importantly, based on in vitro and in vivo results, inhibition of MCT1 significantly sensitized Taxol resistant cells. Finally, rescue experiments showed restoration of MCT1 in miR-124 overexpressing cells promoted Taxol resistance. Conclusions: This study reveals a possible role of miRNA-214-mediated Taxol resistance, contributing to identify novel therapeutic targets against chemoresistant breast cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many reports have shown that grains play an important role in our daily lives and can provide energy and nutrients to protect us from various diseases, and they are considered to be indispensable parts of our lives. It has been reported that some constituents in grains could exert functional effects against HIV infections and multiple cancers. Zymolytic grain can produce some new useful molecules and thus support the cell nutrients in the human body. In this study, the effects of zymolytic grain extract (ZGE) supernatants on the changes of nematode indicators were investigated, including lifespan, self-brood size, and body length in environmental conditions (temperature, ultraviolet radiation or 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine (FUDR) stimuli). We found that, compared to the control group, the ZGE supernatant-feeding group could prolong the lifespan of nematodes under normal conditions. More importantly, ZGE supernatants could improve the ability of nematodes to resist stress. When the concentration of FUDR was 400 or 50 μM, the ZGE supernatant-feeding group could prolong lifespan by an average of 38.4% compared to the control group, and the eggs of the ZGE supernatant-feeding group could hatch and develop into adults. These results indicated that ZGE could protect C. elegans from external stress and thus prolong their lifespan and improve the physiological state of nematodes. Therefore, ZGE supernatant has potential to be used as a nutritional product in antioxidant and anti-aging research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract type, the N2 amplitude at the parietal lobe was higher than that at the central lobe. The NCs displayed lower amplitudes for both the P3 and slow wave compared to the schizophrenia patients. Differences were observed between the NC and schizophrenia groups in terms of the latencies for N1, P2, N2, P3 and slow wave components across different experiment types and regions of interest. Conclusion: In conclusion, the observed ERP patterns provide valuable insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the Wason selection task, highlighting the differences between NCs and patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Polyploid plants often exhibit enhanced stress tolerance. The underlying physiological and molecular bases of such mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we characterized the drought tolerance of autotetraploid sour jujube at phenotypic, physiological and molecular levels. Results: The study findings showed that the autotetraploid sour jujube exhibited a superior drought tolerance and enhanced regrowth potential after dehydration in comparison with the diploid counterpart. Under drought stress, more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in autotetraploid sour jujube and the physiological responses gradually triggered important functions. Through GO enrichment analysis, many DEGs between the diploid and autotetraploid sour jujube after drought-stress exposure were annotated to the oxidation–reduction process, photosystem, DNA binding transcription factor activity and oxidoreductase activity. Six reactive oxygen species scavenging-related genes were specifically differentially expressed and the larger positive fold-changes of the DEGs involved in glutathione metabolism were detected in autotetraploid. Consistently, the lower O2− level and malonaldehyde (MDA) content and higher antioxidant enzymes activity were detected in the autotetraploid under drought-stress conditions. In addition, DEGs in the autotetraploid after stress exposure were significantly enriched in anthocyanin biosynthesis, DNA replication, photosynthesis and plant hormone, including auxin, abscisic acid and gibberellin signal-transduction pathways. Under osmotic stress conditions, genes associated with the synthesis and transport of osmotic regulators including anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were differentially expressed, and the soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline contents were significantly higher in the autotetraploid. The higher chlorophyll content and DEGs enriched in photosynthesis suggest that the photosynthetic system in the autotetraploid was enhanced compared with diploid during drought stress. Moreover, several genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) including GRAS, Bhlh, MYB, WRKY and NAC were induced specifically or to higher levels in the autotetraploid under drought-stress conditions, and hub genes, LOC107403632, LOC107422279, LOC107434947, LOC107412673 and LOC107432609, related to 18 up-regulated transcription factors in the autotetraploid compared with the diploid were identified. Conclusion: Taken together, multiple responses contribute to the enhanced drought tolerance of autotetraploid sour jujube. This study could provide an important basis for elucidating the mechanism of tolerance variation after the polyploidization of trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We investigate the quantum speed limit (QSL) time of the central qubit coupled with a thermodynamic Ising spin chain. The external bang-bang (BB) pulse control is applied on the model. We show that the evolution speed of the central system can be enhanced by the BB pulse. Meanwhile, the influence from magnetic field and temperature of bath are also studied, and we find that for the situation of strong external field or low temperature the evolution speed of system can be accelerated. Besides these, the function of the sizes of environment is exhibited in our work and we discover the effect from the qubits numbers of bath on QSL time depends on the coupling strength between central system and bath spins. Graphical abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thuja koraiensis Nakai is an endangered conifer of high economic and ecological value in Jilin Province, China. However, studies on its population structure and conservation genetics have been limited by the lack of genomic data. Here, 37,761 microsatellites (simple sequence repeat, SSR) were detected based on 875,792 de novo-assembled contigs using a restriction-associated DNA (RAD) approach. Among these SSRs, 300 were randomly selected to test for polymorphisms and 96 obtained loci were able to amplify a fragment of expected size. Twelve polymorphic SSR markers were developed to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of three natural populations. High genetic diversity (mean NA = 5.481, HE = 0.548) and moderate population differentiation (pairwise Fst = 0.048–0.078, Nm = 2.940–4.958) were found in this species. Molecular variance analysis suggested that most of the variation (83%) existed within populations. Combining the results of STRUCTURE, principal coordinate, and neighbor-joining analysis, the 232 individuals were divided into three genetic clusters that generally correlated with their geographical distributions. Finally, appropriate conservation strategies were proposed to protect this species. This study provides genetic information for the natural resource conservation and utilization of T. koraiensis and will facilitate further studies of the evolution and phylogeography of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Visible-Light-Induced Trifluoromethylation of Isonitrile-Substituted Methylenecyclopropanes: Facile Access to 6-(Trifluoromethyl)-7,8-dihydrobenzo k phenanthridine Derivatives" by X.-B. Hu, Y. Wei and M. Shi is presented.

An abstract of the article "Visible-Light-Induced Trifluoromethylation of Isonitrile-Substituted Methylenecyclopropanes: Facile Access to 6-(Trifluoromethyl)-7,8-dihydrobenzo[k]phenanthridine Derivatives" by Y.-C Yuan and colleagues is presented.

• Analysis of exocarp and endocarp of jujube by HPLC-MS/MS. • ABA and MeJA induced fruit cracking. • Transcriptome analysis before and after exogenous hormone treatment. • Identification of transcription factors and cell wall genes related to fruit cracking. Fruit cracking is a physiological disease that occurs during the development of jujube, abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) mainly regulate the cell wall metabolic pathway and induce fruit cracking. Here, we used high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to detect phytohormone-related metabolites at different developmental stages in cracking-susceptible (CS-15) and cracking-resistant (CR-04) individuals of full-sibling hybrid offspring. The fruit of 'Pingshunbenzao' jujube was treated with ABA and MeJA at the white-ripening stage, and the 48-h fruit cracking index was significantly increased compared to that of CK (water). Furthermore, RNA-seq of semi-red stage fruits identified several differentially expressed genes, related to the cell wall, such as SBT1.7 (Contig21.0.484), EXPA (Contig12.0.7) and QRT3 (newGene_1935), and transcription factors (TFs). These results reveal the relationship between the levels of different hormones and fruit cracking, identify genes associated with fruit cracking, and provide new insights to solve the problem of fruit cracking through hormonal regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer simulations are employed to investigate the phase separation (demixing) phenomenon induced by interaction nonadditivity in binary complex plasmas with two different sized microparticles. The system firstly coarsens, and small particles start gathering and forming small clusters inside the large-particle phase, while there are no clear boundaries between two species. Next, sharp interfaces build up while the small-particle clusters merge into droplets and small droplets continue to merge into big ones. Finally, the two species completely separate from each other, and the small particles tend to form big droplets of nearly spherical shape, due to the surface tension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Self-luminous PDT still suffers from lower H 2 O 2 and O 2 levels in TME. • CaO 2 loaded porphyrin-luminol assembly was fabricated for self-supplied H 2 O 2 and O 2. • Unsaturated phospholipids were introduced to further amplify the luminous efficiency. • Synergistic therapeutics behaved well in anti-tumor and inhibiting tumor metastasis. • The first study of TME activated and amplified CRET-mediated PDT for TNBC cancer. Triple negative cancer (TNBC) is characterized as an aggressive phenotype lacking a specific therapeutic target. To date, self-illuminating photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) has emerged as a potential alternative for TNBC treatment by generating singlet oxygen (1O 2), overcoming limitations in light penetration. However, this self-illuminating strategy heavily relies on endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and oxygen (O 2) within the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in inefficient therapeutic performance. In this study, we designed CLT@DPD nanoparticles capable of self-illumination via CRET and TME regulation through self-supplying H 2 O 2 and O 2. This nanoparticle was constructed by encapsulating luminol-tetreaphenylporphyrin conjugate (LT) and nanoscale CaO 2 with DSPE-PEG 2000 and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). A good accumulation at tumor site was achieved due to enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect after intravenous injection of CLT@DP. Responsive to the high H 2 O 2 levels and acidic aqueous conditions of TME, LT can be oxidized to produce 1O 2 via CRET, and the CaO 2 can be decomposed to supply H 2 O 2 and O 2. Additionally, the presence of DOPC helps to enhance the permeability of the micelle shell under the oxidation of 1O 2 , thereby accelerating the release of H 2 O 2 and O 2. Our proposed nanoparticles exhibit excellent performance in eradicating in situ tumor cells and inhibiting metastasis by simultaneously enhancing self-luminous PDT and alleviating oxygen depletion in TME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]