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Research suggests that students’ verbalisation of how they are struggling to understand something new is important for learning mathematics with conceptual understanding. However, less is known about how teachers listen while students ‘think aloud’ through struggle. In this study, we sought to answer the following research question: What types of listening do teachers enact when students are verbalising struggle during mathematical sense-making discussions? We detail how we created and applied a Framework for Pedagogical Listening, which extends previous theoretical and empirical research on teacher listening to identify and differentiate between five types of teacher listening: empathic, supportive, educative, self-reflective and generative. Our study involved nine teachers and their students in the US and Scotland, contexts which are focused on reform-efforts towards inquiry-oriented mathematics instruction that engages students in sense-making discussions. Our findings suggest that the five types of teacher listening in our framework are present when students verbalise struggle during sense-making discussions, and that our Pedagogical Listening Framework is a useful tool for identifying and documenting the complex ways teachers listen when students verbalise struggle. We present three vignettes of classroom interaction during mathematical discussion that illustrate the five pedagogical listening types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participating in reform-oriented mathematical discussion calls on teachers and students to listen to one another in new and different ways. However, listening is an understudied dimension of teaching and learning mathematics. In this analysis, we draw on a sociocultural perspective and a conceptual framing of three types of listening—evaluative, interpretive, and hermeneutic (Davis, 1996, 1997)—in order to interpret the listening interactions in a fourth-grade classroom. Using interaction analysis (Jordan & Henderson, 1995) to pay close attention to how participants responded to one another during a carefully selected lesson segment, findings reveal that these students listened in complex ways with explicit support from their teacher. From this revelatory case, we offer a framework for understanding the teacher’s role in supporting complex listening. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article presents information on the focus of strategy sharing discussions in mathematics education. The author looks at the author's experience teaching math in elementary schools, math mistakes, and group problem solving. The article also discusses how students can share problem solving strategies with other classmates.

Discussing and exploring concepts is an important element of literacy and mathematics instruction in elementary classrooms. Read-alouds provide an opportunity for teachers to engage students in meaningful discussion. This article describes a quick three-step process for mathematizing books, that is, weaving together read-alouds, discussion, and mathematics in order to maximize student learning using a variety of literary and informational texts. A planning sheet, list of example books, and samples of student work are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined students’ experiences participating in mathematical discussion with a focus on listening. Beginning with a broad look at the demands all students may experience, this manuscript narrows upon the case study of one fourth-grade student's experience as a listener. Analyses of the data revealed (a) students experience a range of mathematical and interactional demands as listeners during mathematical discussions, (b) listening is an important form of participation, and (c) students may take on the role of listener in order to mitigate the risks of sharing an error. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Developments in international inclusive education policy, including in prominent UN documents, often refer to the aim of a quality education for all. Yet, it remains unclear: What exactly is meant by quality education? And, under what conditions are quality educational experiences possible for all learners? In this essay, Diana Murdoch, Andrea English, Allison Hintz, and Kersti Tyson bring together research on inclusive education with philosophy of transformative learning, in particular John Dewey and phenomenology, to further the discussion on these two questions. The authors argue that teacher–learner relationships, of a particular kind, are necessary for fostering environments wherein all learners have access to quality educational experiences associated with productive struggle as an indispensable aspect of transformative learning processes. They define such relationships as "educational relationships that support students to feel heard." In developing their argument, the authors first analyze the concept of productive struggle, an aspect of learning increasingly recognized in research and policy as an indicator of quality education. Second, they discuss three necessary, though not sufficient, conditions for the teacher to cultivate educational relationships that support students to feel heard. Third, they draw out connections between environments that support feeling heard and those that support productive struggle, and they discuss teachers' challenges and risk‐taking in creating such environments. The authors close with a discussion of implications for international policy, practice, and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]