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Childhood Emotional Maltreatment (CEM) is a significant but under-studied risk factor for impaired mental health, with adolescents being particularly susceptible. This systematic review and meta-analysis, prospectively registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022383005, aims to synthesize the findings of studies investigating the association between CEM and adolescent psychopathology, making it the first attempt to the best of our knowledge. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive search (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Science Direct, Embase, and ProQuest) yielded 12,224 studies, from which 72 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The meta-analysis was conducted on 76 effect sizes (ranging from 0.01 to 0.57) extracted from 56 studies. The assessment of publication bias utilized funnel plots, Egger's regression test, and the trim and fill method, if required. Additionally, a predictor analysis investigated the influence of study-level variables on the CEM-psychopathology association. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between CEM and adolescent psychopathology (Pooled association: 0.24–0.41) Furthermore, assessment of publication bias indicated no significant bias. The predictor analysis suggested minimal influence of study-level variables. The study underscores the urgent need to address CEM as a crucial risk factor for adolescent psychopathology. The significant positive correlation between CEM and psychopathological outcomes highlights the detrimental effects of CEM on adolescents. Awareness, prevention efforts, and targeted interventions are essential to mitigate these effects. Further studies with culturally diverse and larger sample sizes are required, with emphasis on methodological rigor, given that most of the identified studies showed a high risk of bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food of more than half of the population of the world and provides food security and livelihoods for millions of population. Direct seeding of rice (DSR) refers to the process of direct sowing the seeds in the field rather than by transplanting seedlings from the nursery. Direct seeded rice is an age old practice and before the introduction of green revolution in India. Rainfed rice was often broadcasted into moist soil and crops were highly prone to weed competition resulted into low yield. Rice ecosystems and establishment methods determined the weed spectrum and degree of infestation in rice field (DSR). Weeds are considered as a major biological constraint in direct seeded rice. In direct seeded rice, weed management depend on weed flora, critical period of weed control, availability of water and method to be adopted. Integrated weed management (IWM) is essential to achieve the long term, sustainable and economic management of weeds in direct seeded rice. The literature regarding the direct seeded rice, critical period of crop weed competition, different types of weed flora and different methods for the effective and sustainable management of weeds in direct seeded rice are reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP rs-9939609) of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene with body mass index (BMI) and some biochemical markers in obese patients. The fat and mass obesity (FTO) gene variant specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs9939609) with the T to A missense mutation may have a powerful association with obesity. This case-control study included 106 obese patients (57 males and 49 females) and 80 healthy control (40 males and 40 females). DNA was extracted from whole blood, and then the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reactions (ARMS.PCR) technique was used to limit the single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (rs9939609) of the FTO gene. Lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), fasting blood sugar, insulin and FTO concentrations were measured by standard methods. In this study, the A allele in the rs9939609 was at a higher frequency of 35 (33.1%) in the obese patients and at a significant p-value = 0.039 compared with control 15 (18.7%). It significantly increased in the additive model and allele frequency (p= 0.003, 0.002 respectively). The rs9939608 SNP showed a significant association with increased BMI, insulin and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMO-IR) with p-values of 0.001, 0.001 and 0.028 respectively. After making adjustments for age and sex, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were observed in the AA and TA genotypes compared to the TT genotype (p = 0.004). While, no significant differences were recorded between the rs9939608 SNP and HbA1C, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very lowdensity lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in obese patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesotheliomas are malignancies which involve mesothelial cells, and are commonly found in the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium, and (rarely) the testis. We present a case of paratesticular mesothelioma that was excised without the testis. An elderly gentleman presented with a painless right scrotal mass, which appeared clinically benign and separable from the underlying testis. An ultrasound showed an extratesticular lesion adhered to the scrotal wall with a complex hydrocele. An excisional biopsy was conducted, and the Jaboulay procedure was performed on the right testis. Pathological examination revealed mesothelioma, showing focal invasion into the underlying stroma. A post-operative computed tomography (CT) scan evaluation manifested no local or distant metastasis. No further surgery was performed, and no chemotherapy or radiotherapy was offered to the patient. Subsequent clinical examinations and radiological scans carried out during each clinic follow-up for two years showed no new lesion or recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to find out the effect of different weight percentages of geopolymer filler in glass-reinforced epoxy pipe, and which can achieve the best mechanical properties and adhesion between high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer matrices. Different weight percentages and molarities of epoxy hardener resin and high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer were injected into the glass fiber. By manually winding filaments, composite samples were produced, and they were then allowed to cure at room temperature. To determine how well the geopolymer matrices adhere to the fiber reinforcement, the microstructure of the composites' surfaces and perpendicular sections were examined. Maximum values of compressive strength and compressive modulus were 94.64 MPa and 2373.58 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a weight percentage of filler loading of 30 wt% for an alkali concentration of 12 M. This is a relatively wide range of geopolymer weight percentage of filler loading from 10 wt% to 40 wt%, at which we can obtain high compressive properties. By referring to microstructural analysis, adhesion, and interaction of the geopolymer matrix to glass fiber, it shows that the filler is well-dispersed and embedded at the fiber glass, and it was difficult to determine the differences within the range of optimal geopolymer filler content. By determining the optimum weight percent of 30 wt% of geopolymer filler and microstructural analysis, the maximum parameter has been achieved via analysis of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler. Fire or elevated temperature represents one of the extreme ambient conditions that any structure may be exposed to during its service life. The heat resistance or thermal analysis between glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe and glass-reinforced epoxy pipe filled with high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler was studied by investigating burning tests on the samples, which shows that the addition of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler results in a significant reduction of the melted epoxy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolymer is formed from the alkali activation of materials rich in si and al content with the addition of a silicate solution to enhance the properties of the materials. this paper presents research on the mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer filler in epoxy resin by varying different solid to liquid ratios using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as the alkaline activator. however, the common problem observed from the solid to liquid ratio is the influence of curing time and compressive strength of geopolymer to have the best mechanical property. the mix design for geopolymers of solid to liquid ratio is essential in developing the geopolymer's mechanical strength. a series of epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer materials with different solid to liquid ratio, which is prepared from 0.5 to 2.5 solid to liquid ratio of alkaline activator. the tensile strength and flexural strength of the epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer materials is determined using universal testing Machine under tensile and flexural mode. it was found that the optimum solid to liquid ratio is 2.0, with the optimum tensile and flexural strength value. however, both the tensile and flexural properties of epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer suddenly decrease at a 2.5 solid to liquid ratio. the strength is increasing with the increasing solid to liquid ratio sample of geopolymer filler content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) from palm oil milling is a potential hazard for environment due to its elevated organic content. Direct use of OPDC for planting medium could also give negative effect to plant growth, despite its high potential due to its substantial nutrient content. This study was conducted to examine the potential of hot water-treated OPDC as bioorganic media and its effects on growth performance of oil palm seedlings. OPDC was treated with hot water to remove oil content and chemical analysis was determined on N, P, K, Ca and Mg. For bio-organic media, the treated OPDC was mixed with MPOB F1 fertilizer and soil at 25%, 50% and 75% to plant oil palm seedlings. The results showed that after hot water treatment, residual oil was reduced from 15% to 10%-11%. Once applied as planting media, highest growth performance and biomass accumulation was recorded by mixture of 25% treated OPDC with soil and MPOB F1 fertilizer. Plant height, stem girth, leaf number, leaf area, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and root dry weight were improved by 28%, 15%, 10%, 60%, 72%, 45% and 18%, respectively as compared to control. Higher percentage at 50% and 75% did not improved oil palm seedlings growth. In conclusion, appropriate amount of treated OPDC addition in growing media could improve the growth of oil palm seedling after oil content removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rhizosphere of a plant is home to helpful microorganisms called plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and development. The significance of PGPR for long-term agricultural viability is outlined in this review. Plant growth processes such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and hormone secretion are discussed. Increased plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, reduced use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and enhanced nutrient availability, soil fertility, and absorption are all mentioned as potential benefits of PGPR. PGPR has multiple ecological and practical functions in the soil's rhizosphere. One of PGPR's various roles in agroecosystems is to increase the synthesis of phytohormones and other metabolites, which have a direct impact on plant growth. Phytopathogens can be stopped in their tracks, a plant's natural defenses can be bolstered, and so on. PGPR also helps clean up the soil through a process called bioremediation. The PGPR's many functions include indole acetic acid (IAA) production, ammonia (NH3) production, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, catalase production, and more. In addition to aiding in nutrient uptake, PGPR controls the production of a hormone that increases root size and strength. Improving crop yield, decreasing environmental pollution, and guaranteeing food security are only some of the ecological and economic benefits of employing PGPR for sustainable agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Election is the right of every citizen. The exercise of this right through the election is a very expensive mechanism. The people of the constituency, where the elections are to be held, are usually given a day off, so that they can vote. But still many people do not vote. To overcome this problem, an application: "SEVA: Secure E-Voting Application" in Cyber Physical System is hereby proposed which gives the voters the ability to cast their votes over the web from any remote location of the world. The proposed application deployed on the cloud has been designed and developed using cutting edge technologies like Azure Service Fabric using Microservice architecture. The application is deployed on the Five-Node cluster using Server Fabric Local Cluster for demonstration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of integrating agricultural by-products such as paddy husk ash (PHA) and potato peels with organic fertilizers lies in enhancing soil fertility, increasing crop yields, and reducing reliance on traditional organic fertilizers like farmyard manure (FYM) or compost alone. Grounded in sustainable agriculture and nutrient management frameworks, this study examines the impact of diverse formulations derived from agricultural waste on productivity, nutrient efficiency, and profitability in a pigeon pea–vegetable mustard–okra cropping system. A two-year field experiment (2020–2022) at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi tested seven nutrient sources viz., (T 1) control, (T 2) 100% RDN through FYM, (T 3) 100% RDN through improved RRC, (T 4) 100% RDN through PHA based formulation, (T 5) 75% RDN through PHA based formulation, (T 6) 100% RDN through PPC based formulation and (T 7) 75% RDN through PPC based formulation that were tested in RBD and replicated thrice. Treatment T 4 had significant effect on seed yield of pigeon pea (1.89 ± 0.09 and 1.97 ± 0.12 t ha−1), leaf yield of vegetable mustard (81.57 ± 4.59 and 82.97 ± 4.17 t ha−1), and fruit yield of okra (13.54 ± 0.82 and 13.78 ± 0.81 t ha−1) grown in rotation, followed by treatment T 6 and T 2 during both the years respectively over control. Enhanced system uptake of N, P and K along with system gross and net returns in T 4 , showed increases of 78.9%, 83.8%, 72.4%, 54.4% and 56.8% in the first year and 77.5%, 80.8%, 77.7%, 54.8% and 57.4% in the second year, respectively, over control. Treatment T 4 significantly improved apparent recovery by 66.3% and 69.2% in pigeon pea, 64.7% and 47.9% in vegetable mustard, and 72.7% and 79.4% in okra over T 3 , averaged across two years. Based on the above findings, (T 4) 100% RDN through PHA-based formulation, and (T 6) 100% RDN through PPC-based formulation can be recommended for areas with a shortage of FYM but availability of rice husk ash/potato peels for sustainable agricultural wastes and improved sustainability. • The enriched formulations prepared from rice husk ash and potato peel found promising in promoting sustainable agricultural waste utilization and enhancing overall agricultural sustainability. • Significantly improved the yield and profitability of pigeon pea, vegetable mustard and okra crop over control. • Also improved the uptake of macro and micro nutrients in pigeon pea, vegetable mustard and okra crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foamcrete is fabricated by combining mortar slurry and constant foam. Owing to the existence of air entrained in its cementitious matrix, foamcrete is tremendously brittle compared to normal-strength concrete. The addition of synthetic and natural plant fibers demonstrates an enhancement to foamcrete's mechanical performance yet exerts a harmful effect on long-term performance. Depreciation of natural plant fibers and corrosion of synthetic fibers impact the lifespan and durability properties of foamcrete. Hence, this study aims to investigate the mechanical properties and mode of failures of foamcrete reinforced with fiberglass mesh (FM). The parameters assessed were the compression, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths of 1100 kg/m3 density foamcrete confined with various layers of 145 g/m2 of FM. The optimal foamcrete mechanical properties enhancement was attained with three-layer jacketing. Notable augmentations of 108% in the compressive strength, 254% in flexural strength, and 349% in splitting tensile strength were achieved in comparison to the control specimens at day 28. The control foamcrete samples under compressive, flexural, and tensile loads encountered brittle failure in comparison to the confined foamcrete. The mode of failure under the tensile load indicates that only a slight crack occurred at the upper side and a perpendicular mark at the lateral section of the foamcrete with one to three layers of FM jacketing. Thus, the jacketing system of foamcrete with FM enhances the behavior and load carrying capacity of foamcrete to the extent of preventing the propagation of cracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with gross hydrocephalus for emergency ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt present challenges to anesthesiologist due to increase in circumference of head, associated congenital anomalies. Here is a case report of child with gross hydrocephalus with Type 2 Arnold chiari malformation posted for emergency VP shunt placement possessed a difficult airway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study summarised the recent achievement in developing fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete. the factor of replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) which is due to the emission of carbon dioxide that pollutes the environment globally is well discussed. the introduction towards metakaolin is presented. Besides, the current research trend involved in geopolymer also has been reviewed for the current 20 years to study the interest of researchers over the world by year. Factors that contribute to the frequency of geopolymer research are carried out which are cost, design, and the practicality of the application for geopolymer concrete. Besides, the importance of steel fibers addition to the geopolymer concrete is also well discussed. the fundamental towards metakaolin has been introduced including the source of raw material, which is calcined kaolin, calcined temperature, chemical composition, geopolymerisation process, and other properties. Alkali activators which are mixing solution between sodium hydroxide (NaNOH) and sodium silicate (Na2Sio3) have been reviewed. the mechanical properties of fibers reinforced metakaolinbased geopolymer concrete which is compressive and flexural are thoroughly reviewed. the compressive and flexural strength of fiber-reinforced metakaolin geopolymer concrete shows some improvement to the addition of steel fibers. the reviews in this field demonstrate that reinforcement of metakaolin geopolymer concrete by steel fibers shows improvement in mechanical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper applies a "justice" lens to the struggle of the people displaced by the Merowe Dam in northern Sudan. Application of distributive, procedural, and representational aspects of justice exposes the dissatisfaction of the affected people with the government's offer and execution of compensation. Consideration of social justice and the utility of norms in trans-national activism brings into sharp focus the difference in interests, and abilities of the many actors involved, and highlights the government's tactics to divide the communities, and the social divisions sown. As the struggle develops, justice claims are seen to change towards less material issues, suggesting that an expanded and dynamic conception of justice is more helpful than narrow or time-bound conceptions. The findings are of relevance to communities facing possible displacement from dams planned nearby, not least of all for the insight provided on the effectiveness of different tactics in the struggle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolymer concrete has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement which can reduce carbon dioxide emission to the environment. The addition of different amounts of steel fibers, as well as different types of end-shape fibers, could alter the performance of geopolymer concrete. The source of aluminosilicate (fly ash) used in the production of geopolymer concrete may lead to a different result. This study focuses on the comparison between Malaysian fly ash geopolymer concrete with the addition of hooked steel fibers and geopolymer concrete with the addition of straight-end steel fibers to the physical and mechanical properties. Malaysian fly ash was first characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify the chemical composition. The sample of steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete was produced by mixing fly ash, alkali activators, aggregates, and specific amounts of hook or straight steel fibers. The steel fibers addition for both types of fibers are 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by volume percentage. The samples were cured at room temperature. The physical properties (slump, density, and water absorption) of reinforced geopolymer concrete were studied. Meanwhile, a mechanical performance which is compressive, as well as the flexural strength was studied. The results show that the pattern in physical properties of geopolymer concrete for both types of fibers addition is almost similar where the slump is decreased with density and water absorption is increased with the increasing amount of fibers addition. However, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete produced a lower slump than the addition of straight steel fibers. Meanwhile, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete shows a higher density and water absorption compared to the sample with the addition of straight steel fibers. However, the difference is not significant. Besides, samples with the addition of hook steel fibers give better performance for compressive and flexural strength compared to the samples with the addition of straight steel fibers where the highest is at 1.0% of fibers addition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]