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In order to achieve data analysis of thermal energy loss for electrical automation management, the author proposes a Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno (BFGS) trust region algorithm based thermal energy loss calculation method for the integrated energy system of electricity and gas, the BFGS trust region algorithm is utilized to obtain the thermal energy loss distribution of natural gas system, which is not highly dependent on the initial value, this solves the problem of non-convergence in power flow calculation when using the Newton method for calculation. The experimental results show that the relative errors of natural gas system node pressure, pipe-line flow and power system node voltage and phase angle calculated by Newton's method and BFGS trust region algorithm are within 1 · 10-4, within the allowable range, which verifies the correctness of the calculation results of the method described by the author. It has been proven that the BFGS trust region algorithm can achieve data analysis of thermal energy loss for electrical automation management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearly a century ago, Otto Warburg made the ground-breaking observation that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, prefer a seemingly inefficient mechanism of glucose metabolism: aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon now referred to as the Warburg effect. The finding that rapidly proliferating cancer cells favors incomplete metabolism of glucose, producing large amounts of lactate as opposed to synthesizing ATP to sustain cell growth, has confounded scientists for years. Further investigation into the metabolic phenotype of cancer has expanded our understanding of this puzzling conundrum, and has opened new avenues for the development of anti-cancer therapies. Enhanced glycolytic flux is now known to allow for increased synthesis of intermediates for sustaining anabolic pathways critical for cancer cell growth. Alongside the increase in glycolysis, cancer cells transform their mitochondria into synthesis machines supported by augmented glutaminolysis, supplying lipid production, amino acid synthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathways. Inhibition of several of the key enzymes involved in these pathways has been demonstrated to effectively obstruct cancer cell growth and multiplication, sensitizing them to apoptosis. The modulation of various regulatory proteins involved in metabolic processes is central to cancerous reprogramming of metabolism. The finding that members of one of the major protein families involved in cell death regulation also aberrantly regulated in cancers, the Bcl-2 family of proteins, are also critical mediators of metabolic pathways, provides strong evidence for the importance of the metabolic shift to cancer cell survival. Targeting the anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins is proving to be a successful way to selectively target cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Further understanding of how cancer cells modify metabolic regulation to increase channeling of substrates into biosynthesis will allow for the discovery of novel drug targets to treat cancer. In the present review, we focused on the recent developments in therapeutic targeting of different steps in glycolysis, glutaminolysis and on the metabolic regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water-soluble polysaccharides were separated from maca (Lepidium meyenii) aqueous extract (MAE). The crude polysaccharides were deproteinized by Sevag method. During the preparation process of maca polysaccharides, amylase and glucoamylase effectively removed starch in maca polysaccharides. Four Lepidium meyenii polysaccharides (LMPs) were obtained by changing the concentration of ethanol in the process of polysaccharide precipitation. All of the LMPs were composed of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose and galactose. Antioxidant activity tests revealed that LMP-60 showed good capability of scavenging hydroxyl free radical and superoxide radical at 2.0 mg/mL, the scavenging rate was 52.9% and 85.8%, respectively. Therefore, the results showed that maca polysaccharides had a high antioxidant activity and could be explored as the source of bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a study aiming at separating the effects of side assisting gas flow from a metallic vapour jet on the transient behaviour of a molten pool and a keyhole during laser full-penetration welding. To achieve the research purpose, laser welding process was simulated under three different conditions: in the presence of both side gas flow and metallic vapour jet, in the presence of side gas flow alone and in the presence of metallic vapour jet alone. It was found that the side gas flow not only pushed the molten melt to flow towards the rear part of the molten pool but also formed, on the molten pool surface, a proper pressure distribution which helped maintain both the humping in the rear part of the molten pool and the concave around the upper exit of the keyhole. Under the condition with side gas flow, the swelling formed around the keyhole blocked the side gas flow and on the other hand the side gas flow pushed them to flow backwards to the rear part of the molten pool more effectively, thereby enlarging and stabilizing the keyhole exit. Furthermore, the peak value of the average pressure in the region composed of the molten pool and keyhole decreased step by step with the growth of the concave. Finally, the interaction between the metallic vapour and molten melt was well controlled using the side gas flow, which led to an improvement in the stability of the molten pool and a reduction in spatters and pores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]