1. Tree Rings Reveal Unmatched 2nd Century Drought in the Colorado River Basin.
- Author
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Gangopadhyay, Subhrendu, Woodhouse, Connie A., McCabe, Gregory J., Routson, Cody C., and Meko, David M.
- Subjects
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DROUGHT management , *TREE-rings , *DROUGHTS , *WATERSHEDS , *K-nearest neighbor classification , *STREAM measurements , *MIDDLE Ages - Abstract
The ongoing 22‐year drought in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) has been extremely severe, even in the context of the longest available tree‐ring reconstruction of annual flow at Lees Ferry, Arizona, dating back to 762 CE. While many southwestern drought assessments have been limited to the past 1,200 years, longer paleorecords of moisture variability do exist for the UCRB. Here, gridded drought‐atlas data in the UCRB domain along with naturalized streamflow data from the instrumental period (1906–2021) are used in a K‐nearest neighbor nonparametric algorithm to develop a streamflow reconstruction for the Lees Ferry gage starting in 1 CE. The reconstruction reveals a second‐century drought unmatched in severity by the current drought or by well‐documented medieval period droughts in the UCRB. Although data are sparse, analysis of individual long tree‐ring records and other paleoclimatic data also support the occurrence of an exceptional second‐century drought. Plain Language Summary: The Colorado River drought we currently are experiencing is severe in the context of the 116‐year gage record (1906–2021), but how severe is it in a long‐term context? Existing tree‐ring based reconstructions of Colorado River streamflow have suggested that the 22‐year period 2000–2021 could be the worst drought in the southwestern United States in 1,200 years. The purpose of this study is to extend the Colorado River reconstruction back 2,000 years and to evaluate the current drought in a long‐term context. We find that an even more extreme drought occurred and persisted over much of the second century. Data are sparse this far back in time, but evidence from both tree‐ring data and paleoclimate data from lakes, bogs, and caves supports the existence and severity of this drought in the context of the last two millennia. Additional work is needed to learn more about this drought and its causes, but we now know that drought more persistent than even the well‐documented medieval period droughts occurred in the past, expanding our understanding of the range of natural climate variability. Key Points: A new tree‐ring based ensemble streamflow reconstruction spanning the last two millennia was developed for the Colorado RiverThe new reconstruction reveals a second‐century drought unmatched in severity by any past droughts in the Upper Colorado River BasinThe ongoing 22‐year period of low Colorado River streamflow is a rare event, but is not the most severe drought in the past 2,000 years [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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