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Accurate prediction of renal mass subtypes, along with the WHO/ISUP grade and pathological T (pT) stage of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), is crucial for optimal decision making. Our study aimed to investigate the feasibility and reproducibility of motion-robust radial T2 mapping in differentiating lipid-poor angiomyolipoma (MFAML) from RCC and characterizing the WHO/ISUP grade and pT stage of ccRCC. Finally, 92 patients undergoing renal radial T2 mapping and ZOOMit DWI were recruited. The T2 values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were analyzed. Correlation coefficients were calculated between ADC and T2 values. Notably, ccRCC exhibited higher T2 and ADC values than MFAML (p < 0.05). T2 values were lower in the higher WHO/ISUP grade and pT stage of ccRCC (all p < 0.05). ADC showed no significant difference for pT stage (p = 0.056). T2 values revealed a higher area under the curve (AUC) in evaluating the WHO/ISUP grade compared to ADC (0.936 vs. 0.817, p = 0.027). T2 values moderately positively correlated with ADC (r = 0.675, p < 0.001). In conclusion, quantitative motion-robust radial T2 mapping is feasible for characterizing solid renal masses and could provide additional value for multiparametric imaging in predicting WHO/ISUP grade and pT stage of ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let k be an algebraically closed field with characteristic p different from 2. We generalize the notion of a weakly triangular decomposition in [7] to the super case called a super weakly triangular decomposition. We show that the underlying even category of locally finite-dimensional left A -supermodules is an upper finite fully stratified category in the sense of [6, Definition 3.34] if the superalgebra A admits an upper finite super weakly triangular decomposition. In particular, when A is the locally unital superalgebra associated with the cyclotomic oriented Brauer-Clifford supercategory in [1] , the Grothendieck group of the category of left A -supermodules admitting finite standard flags has a g -module structure that is isomorphic to the tensor product of an integrable lowest weight and an integrable highest weight g -module, where g is the complex Kac-Moody Lie algebra of type A 2 ℓ (2) (resp., B ∞) if p = 2 ℓ + 1 (resp., p = 0). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new class of locally unital and locally finite dimensional algebras A over an arbitrary algebraically closed field is discovered. Each of them admits an upper finite weakly triangular decomposition, a generalization of a split triangular decomposition. It is established that the category A -lfdmod of locally finite dimensional left A -modules is an upper finite fully stratified category in the sense of Brundan-Stroppel. Moreover, A is semisimple if and only if its centralizer subalgebras associated to certain idempotent elements are semisimple. Furthermore, certain endofunctors are defined so as to give categorical actions of some Lie algebras on the subcategory of A -lfdmod consisting of all objects which have a finite standard filtration. As an application, we study representations of A associated to either cyclotomic Brauer categories or cyclotomic Kauffman categories in details, including explicit criteria on the semisimplicity of A over an arbitrary field, and on A -lfdmod being upper finite highest weight category in the sense of Brundan-Stroppel, and on Morita equivalence between A and direct sum of infinitely many (degenerate) cyclotomic Hecke algebras. Finally, we obtain categorifications of representations of the classical limits of coideal algebras, which come from all integrable highest weight modules of sl ∞ or sl ˆ e. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The affine Kauffman category is a strict monoidal category and can be considered as a q -analogue of the affine Brauer category in Rui and Song (2019) [33]. In this paper, we prove a basis theorem for the morphism spaces in the affine Kauffman category as well as for all of its cyclotomic quotients under certain assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article focuses on finite‐time state‐feedback stabilization for high‐order stochastic nonlinear systems with an asymmetric output constraint. In the presence of the systems with uncertain control coefficients, a novel asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function is constructed to manipulate the output constraint for the systems. By adding a power integrator technique and sign function, this article designs a state‐feedback controller by recursive method for the high‐order stochastic nonlinear systems. While guaranteeing output constraint, the finite‐time state‐feedback stabilization is achieved for the proposed stochastic nonlinear systems. It is shown that the control problem under consideration is solvable. Finally, the efficiency of the control strategy is illustrated by a simulation example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employing inorganic ion conductors as solid electrolytes (SEs) is one promising solution to develop advanced all- and quasi-solid-state batteries with high energy and safety advantages. Among numerous Li+ ion conductors, Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 (LATP) has attracted extensive attention due to its preponderances of air stability and superior Li+ conductivity. However, the practical application of the LATP electrolyte is still obsessed by serious side reactions at the Li-electrode/electrolyte interface. In this work, one kind of quasi-solid electrolyte (QSE) is designed combining anodic aluminum oxide (AAO), LATP, and liquid electrolyte [LE, LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate (EC-DMC)], wherein well-ordered LATP arrays are constructed in the AAO framework to facilitate ionic transport, and a certain content of the LE is introduced to reduce the interfacial resistances. The characterization results suggest that the ionic conductivity of as-prepared AAO–LATP–QSE (ALQSE) is boosted up to ∼6.50 × 10−3 S cm−1 with a Li+ transference number of 0.66, especially the interval between the LATP compound and the Li-metal electrode can effectively restrain Ti4+→Ti3+ reduction at the Li-anode/electrolyte interface. Thus, the assembled LiFePO4|ALQSE|Li cell exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, delivering an initial discharge capacity of 153.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and remaining 152.4 mAh g−1 after 60 cycles with a fairly mild reduction of 0.028% per cycle. This study not only presents a facile strategy to prepare a robust QSE framework employing an AAO template but also promotes the rational interface design between titanium (Ti)-containing solid-state electrolytes and Li-metal anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ZIF-8 framework enhanced the inherent fluorescence of target DOX. • Ag/AuNCs@ZIF-8 was used for ratiometric fluorescence detection of DOX in foods. • The linear response range to DOX was 0.001–20 μg mL−1 with a LOD of 36.8 ng mL−1. • The recoveries for DOX in spiked foods achieved 90.3 %–100.5 % with RSD < 4.8 %. This study successfully encapsulated the Ag+-doped Au nanoclusters (Ag/AuNCs) within the ZIF-8 framework to construct a novel Ag/AuNCs@ZIF-8 ratiometric fluorescent probe for the antibiotic doxycycline (DOX) detection. The incorporation of Ag+ contributed to the fluorescence enhancement of the nanoclusters through the "silver effect", consequently improving the stability of the developed bimetallic Ag/AuNCs. Furthermore, the encapsulation of bimetallic Ag/AuNCs within the ZIF-8 framework restricted their intramolecular vibrations, resulting in further amplification of fluorescence intensity at 595 nm. The ZIF-8 also sensitized the restoration of DOX green fluorescence at 515 nm. Within the concentration range of 0.001–20 μg mL−1, the ratio of fluorescence intensity (F 515 / F 595) exhibited a favorable linearity for DOX concentration, with a detection limit of 36.8 ng mL−1. This ratiometric fluorescence approach had the promising potential for accurate and efficient quantitative detection of DOX residue in food and served as a valuable reference for rapid monitoring of food contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient method based on a surfactant (Triton X‐100)‐assisted and ionic liquid ([C4MIM]Br) aqueous system pretreatment of grape seed residue using immobilized microbial consortia was developed for the simultaneous biocatalysis and extraction of resveratrol. To obtain a high biocatalytic rate, the pretreatment parameters were optimized, and the yield of resveratrol reached 305.98 ± 0.23 μg/g, which was 6.36‐fold to that of untreated sample. The optimized IL pretreatment conditions were: immobilized microbial consortia comprising Yeast CICC 1912, Aspergillus oryzae 3.951, and Aspergillus niger 3.3148, concentration of IL 0.75 M, temperature 31°C, time 5 min, and pH 6.5. The optimal surfactant‐assisted pretreatment conditions were: concentration of surfactant 3%, pH 6.0, time 25 min, and wet weight of microbial consortia beads 10 g/g. The proposed method was successfully employed to generate a higher biocatalytic yield as well as excellent environmental protection than the conventional solvents used in the biocatalysis of resveratrol. Practical applications: Grape seed (Vitis amurensis Rupr.) waste residue from the winemaking process, contains approximately 60%–70% of total extractible grape phenolic compounds. Resveratrol, a phenolic compound belonging to the stilbenes subclass, is mainly produced by grape seed, and it possesses a well‐documented bioactivity. However, the supply of resveratrol is limited due to its high production cost. An efficient method of surfactant‐assisted and ionic liquid aqueous system pretreatment for the biocatalysis of resveratrol from grape seed residue using immobilized microbial consortia was applied. The results indicate that the developed method exhibits the potential for large‐scale catalysis and extraction of bioactive components from plant residue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the ultrasound-assisted surfactant aqueous system coupled with microbial consortia immobilized by cellulose has been created as an enhanced and sustainable method for the bioconversion and extraction of resveratrol from peanut skin. Based on central composite design, and several single-factor experiments, we derived the optimal bioconversion and extraction system. Microbial consortia consist of Yeast CICC 1912, Aspergillus oryzae 3.951 and Aspergillus niger 3.3148 were chosen to be immobilized using cellulose. Other treatment conditions include concentration of surfactant as 3% (w/v), temperature as 30 °C, time as 36 h, ultrasonic power as 250 W and liquid to solid ratio as 25:1 mL/g. Under these conditions, we achieved a promising yield of resveratrol 96.58 μg/g, which is 4.02 folds compared to the untreated sample. This sustainable and green method not only enhanced the production of resveratrol but also improved the safety and reliability of the bioconversion and extraction process. Our novel method has shown great potential to realize large-scale bioconversion and extraction of bioactive compounds from plant waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, a notion of affine walled Brauer–Clifford superalgebras B C r , t aff is introduced over an arbitrary integral domain R containing 2 − 1. These superalgebras can be considered as affinization of walled Brauer superalgebras in [9]. By constructing infinitely many homomorphisms from B C r , t aff to a class of level two walled Brauer–Clifford superalgebras over C , we prove that B C r , t aff is free over R with infinite rank. We explain that any finite dimensional irreducible B C r , t aff -module over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic not 2 factors through a cyclotomic quotient of B C r , t aff , called a cyclotomic (or level k) walled Brauer–Clifford superalgebra B C k , r , t. Using a previous method on cyclotomic walled Brauer algebras in [15] , we prove that B C k , r , t is free over R with super rank (k r + t 2 r + t − 1 (r + t) ! , k r + t 2 r + t − 1 (r + t) !) if and only if it is admissible in the sense of Definition 6.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A novel optical sensors for lomefloxacin based on the plasma resonance properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the first time. The hydrogen bonds and electrostatic force between the lomefloxacin and AgNPs could induce the change in color and absorption spectra of AgNPs suspension, which provided a theoretical basis for the optical detection of lomefloxacin. In addition, we made the AgNPs-lomefloxacin detection system reach the critical point of discoloration by adding cystine to improve the sensitivity. Furthermore, the influence of some factors such as temperature, reaction time and pH on the AgNPs-lomefloxacin detection system was investigated. The results of UV–vis spectra showed that the absorption ratio (A 520 /A 395 ) was linear with the concentration of lomefloxacin in the range from 0.2 to 5 μmol/L with linear coefficients of 0.991. The proposed method can be applied to detecting lomefloxacin with an ultralow detection limit of 0.6 μmol/L without any complicated instruments and complex pretreatment. The selectivity of AgNPs-lomefloxacin detection system is proved excellent by comparing with other ions and analytes in urine. The method in our study is appropriate to be used to monitor quantitatively entecavir in human urine owing to its rapid response rate, visible color changes, wide linear range and excellent selectivity. Graphical Abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • A novel optical sensors for lomefloxacin based on silver nanoparticles in the presence of cystine for the first time. • The method is appropriate to be used to monitor quantitatively entecavir in human urine. • The method has wide linear range and excellent selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Transfer overlapping sound recognition problem into multi-classification problem. • Newly propose the definition of confidence rate and confidence interval. • Complete the classification of overlapping sounds and overlapping degrees. • Propose a new index, recognition error, to evaluate the recognition effects. • Achieve average recognition accuracy of 97.22%, average recognition error of 2.27%. In response to the problem of difficult recognition of overlapping sounds in previous broiler health monitoring studies, in this paper, the author proposed a recognition method of broiler overlapping sounds based on random forest and confidence interval. The author newly defined the confidence rate, confidence interval and recognition error, and combined Random-Forest-based classifier (abbr. RF classifier) to realize the recognition of overlapping sounds in a fixed-duration broiler sound signal. In the research phase, the PXI-1050 model audio collection system was used to collect a large number of broiler sound signals, whereby multiple datasets corresponding to different sound types and overlapping sounds were established, and corresponding multiple first confidence rates were calculated. First, by analyzing the value interval of the first confidence rate of four sound types, including the cough, the crow, the purr and the flapping wing, respectively, the common value interval of the single sound type was obtained as [0.8, 1]. Second, by analyzing the value interval of the first confidence rate of the six sound type combinations in the double overlapping sounds, the common value interval of the double overlapping sounds was obtained as [0.45, 0.6]. On this basis, the overlapping interval was determined as [0, 0.7), and the pure interval was determined as [0.7, 1]. Then, by analyzing the value interval of the first confidence rate of four sound type combinations in the triple overlapping sounds, the common value interval of the triple overlapping sounds was obtained as [0.35, 0.45]. Therefore, within the overlapping interval, [0,0.35) was determined as the value interval of quadruple overlapping sounds, [0.35,0.45) was determined as the value interval of triple overlapping sounds, and [0.45,0.7) was determined as the value interval of double overlapping sounds. Finally, general procedure steps of the broiler overlapping sound recognition method used in the test phase was given. Multiple test results show that, for the recognition of sound types and overlapping sounds in broiler sound signals, the average recognition accuracy was 100%. For the recognition of overlapping degrees, the average recognition accuracy was 97.22%. For the recognition of sound type combinations, the average recognition error was 2.27%. It fully proves the good generalization effect of the method proposed in this paper, as well as its high practicability and robustness in practical tests. It is an important supplement to the existing broiler health monitoring study. Meanwhile, it can be applied to the research on recognition and separation of overlapping sounds or signals in similar fields, thus it has a high reference value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cyclotomic Brauer category OB (u , u ′) is an upper finite weakly triangular category over an arbitrary field in the sense of [14, Definition 2.2] and the category of locally finite dimensional representations of A is an upper finite fully stratified category in the sense of [10] , where A is the locally unital algebra associated to OB (u , u ′). The category of locally finite dimensional representations of A is used to give a direct proof of the tensor product categorification (in the general sense of Losev and Webster) for an integrable lowest weight with an integrable highest weight representation of the same level for the Lie algebra g , where g is a direct sum of copies of sl ∞ (resp., sl ˆ p) if the characteristic p of the ground field is 0 (resp., positive). Such a result was expected in [4] when k = C and proved previously in [2] when the level is 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Construct a general incomplete data processing model for the same structure incomplete data set. • Newly define the concept of abnormal degree. • Apply the Bisection method to the division of the missing rate intervals. • Newly proposed two judgment rules to ensure the feasibility of the processing method. • Apply to incomplete data processing in similar fields or with similar structures. Aiming at the problem of incomplete data such as outliers and missing values in machine learning, an incomplete data processing method based on the measurement of missing rate and abnormal degree was proposed in this paper. In this method, the outlier problem that are easy to be ignored was fully considered, and the Bisection method in the data structure field was applied to reduce the interval length and find the data distribution law. And then, an incomplete data processing model for static-structure or fixed-structure data set in a certain field or research direction was constructed. In the model establishment stage, the rules of the outlier processing part were first explored, including the boundary condition for outlier processing, and the relative applicable condition of using the direct-discarding method for outliers. Then, the rules of the missing value processing part were later explored, including the boundary condition for missing value processing, the relative applicable condition of using the direct-discarding method for missing values, the division of different missing rate intervals and the corresponding applicable numerical filling methods. In this research, the loose particle localization data set was taken as the test object, and the applicable incomplete data processing model was established. Specifically, the model can process outliers with the boundary condition of 23%, and the relative applicable condition of using the direct-discarding method for outliers is 2%. While the boundary condition that can process missing values is 67%, and the relative applicable condition of using the direct-discarding method for missing values is 3%. In the range of 3% to 67%, the range of missing rate that processing by statistical-filling methods is 3% to 7%, and the range of missing rate that processing by kNN prediction model is 7% to 67%. The applicable incomplete data processing model was verified on multiple loose particle localization data sets. Test results show that the prediction accuracy achieved by the classification learner based on the parameter-optimized Random Forest has significantly improved on the data set before and after processing, and the average improvement is 5.04%, which effectively proves the feasibility and practicability of the method proposed in this paper. Theoretically, it can be extended and applied to the processing of incomplete data sets in similar fields or with same structures, and has important reference significance for the research on incomplete data processing in machine learning. In addition, it has important practical value for improving the data completeness and data regularity of feature data sets in specific application fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is widely used to analyze the relative gene expression level, however, the accuracy of qRT-PCR is greatly affected by the stability of reference genes, which is tissue- and environment- dependent. Therefore, choosing the most stable reference gene in a specific tissue and environment is critical to interpret gene expression patterns. Aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), and heat stresses are three important abiotic factors limiting soybean (Glycine max) production in southern China. To identify the suitable reference genes for normalizing the expression levels of target genes by qRT-PCR in soybean response to Al, Cd and heat stresses, we studied the expression stability of ten commonly used housekeeping genes in soybean roots and leaves under these three abiotic stresses, using five approaches, BestKeeper, Delta Ct, geNorm, NormFinder and RefFinder. We found TUA4 is the most stable reference gene in soybean root tips under Al stress. Under Cd stress, Fbox and UKN2 are the most stable reference genes in roots and leaves, respectively, while 60S is the most suitable reference gene when analyzing both roots and leaves together. For heat stress, TUA4 and UKN2 are the most stable housekeeping genes in roots and leaves, respectively, and UKN2 is the best reference gene for analysis of roots and leaves together. To validate the reference genes, we quantified the relative expression levels of six target genes that were involved in soybean response to Al, Cd or heat stresses, respectively. The expression patterns of these target genes differed between using the most and least stable reference genes, suggesting the selection of a suitable reference gene is critical for gene expression studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new type of molecularly imprinted ionic liquid magnetic microspheres was synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization, using 4,4′-dichlorobenzhydrol as a dummy template, and 1-allyl-3-ethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and methacrylic acid as co-functional monomers. The results of morphology and magnetic property evaluation of the obtained microspheres demonstrated that it was monodispersed spherical, possessed a rough surface, and an outstanding magnetic properties. Binding experiments revealed that it had a substantial adsorption capacity and strong recognition ability to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in aqueous solution. Then the microspheres were applied as an adsorbent of magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction for the selective recognition and rapid determination of OCPs in environmental water. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity of the three types of OCPs (dicofol, tetradifon, and p, p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) was achieved in the range of 1.0-100 ng/mL ( r ≥ 0.9994). The recoveries at three spiking levels ranged from 82.6 to 100.4% with the RSDs less than 6.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A new platform for the visual detection of entecavir was realized through their interaction with citrate-capped AgNPs. [•] The concentration of entecavir could be determined with naked eye or UV–vis spectrometer. [•] This method was simple and fast, with good selectivity and sensitivity. [•] The proposed method was used to on-site screening of entecavir in human urine samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ionic liquid-modified magnetic polymeric microspheres (ILMPM) were prepared based on FeO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and ionic liquids (ILs) incorporated into a polymer. The composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating magnetometer, which indicated that ILMPM had a regularly spherical shape and strong magnetic property. The obtained ILMPM were successfully applied as a special adsorbent of magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE) for the rapid extraction and isolation of sulfamonomethoxine sodium and sulfachloropyrazine sodium in urine. The factors that affected extraction efficiency, such as adsorption conditions, desorption conditions, washing and elution solvents, and pH of the sample solution, were optimized. Under the optimum condition, good linearity in the range of 0.005-2.0 μg g ( r ≥ 0.9996) was obtained for the two sulfonamides (SAs); the average recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 86.9 to 102.1 %, with relative standard deviations of ≤4.3 %. The presented ILMPM-MDSPE method combined the advantages of ILs, MNPs, and MDSPE and therefore could be potentially applied for rapid screening of SAs in urine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) polymers (PHEMA) were synthesized by RAFT polymerization. [•] A miniaturized syringe assisted extraction device was developed by 1.0mL of syringe. [•] PHEMA-mini-SAE method was proposed for rapid screening of sulfadiazine and sulfamonomethoxine in milk. [•] The proposed method exhibited the advantages of simplicity, economy and easy controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Broiler sound signals can reflect their own health status, such as crowing when they are hungry, coughing when they are in pain or ill, purring when there are foreign bodies in their throat, and flapping wings when they are fighting with each other. Many studies have been carried out to improve animal welfare based on this. However, the reality is that in addition to the emotional sounds mentioned above, there still exists back noise in the broiler sound signal collected in the farm, such as the noise of people walking and ventilation equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt effective signal filtering methods to filter out these noises, and further obtain high-quality broiler sound signals for animal welfare research. In this study, five of the most classic and effective signal filtering methods were used to filter the back noise in broiler sound signals, and different evaluation indicators from two angles were used for "scoring" the filtering effect of each method in order to select the outstanding performers. These studies have laid the foundation for the follow-up study of broiler health monitoring. Broiler sounds can provide feedback on their own body condition, to a certain extent. Aiming at the noise in the sound signals collected in broiler farms, research on evaluating the filtering methods for broiler sound signals from multiple perspectives is proposed, and the best performer can be obtained for broiler sound signal filtering. Multiple perspectives include the signal angle and the recognition angle, which are embodied in three indicators: signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), root mean square error (RMSE), and prediction accuracy. The signal filtering methods used in this study include Basic Spectral Subtraction, Improved Spectral Subtraction based on multi-taper spectrum estimation, Wiener filtering and Sparse Decomposition using both thirty atoms and fifty atoms. In analysis of the signal angle, Improved Spectral Subtraction based on multi-taper spectrum estimation achieved the highest average SNR of 5.5145 and achieved the smallest average RMSE of 0.0508. In analysis of the recognition angle, the kNN classifier and Random Forest classifier achieved the highest average prediction accuracy on the data set established from the sound signals filtered by Wiener filtering, which were 88.83% and 88.69%, respectively. These are significantly higher than those obtained by classifiers on data sets established from sound signals filtered by other methods. Further research shows that after removing the starting noise in the sound signal, Wiener filtering achieved the highest average SNR of 5.6108 and a new RMSE of 0.0551. Finally, in comprehensive analysis of both the signal angle and the recognition angle, this research determined that Wiener filtering is the best broiler sound signal filtering method. This research lays the foundation for follow-up research on extracting classification features from high-quality broiler sound signals to realize broiler health monitoring. At the same time, the research results can be popularized and applied to studies on the detection and processing of livestock and poultry sound signals, which has extremely important reference and practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review and bibliometric analysis investigated the keywords appearing most in the pregnancy-related eye disease field to elucidate the current state and trends of pregnancy-related eye disease research.A systematic literature analysis of pregnancy-related eye disease was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOS) databases. We used the keywords “ocular” OR “eye*” and “pregnancy” OR “pregnant” OR “gestation” to search for articles published from 1999 to 2022. Study data were analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.We analyzed 929 articles published from 1999 to 2022. From 1999 to 2012, the article number increased slowly, with a marked acceleration in publication frequency after 2013, original papers accounted for 780 (84%) of the total number of articles published. David A. Mackey was the most prolific writer, and Margaret A. Honein contributed the most citations. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, PLOS One, and the European Journal of Ophthalmology published the most articles. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science were the four most commonly cited journals. The University of Western Australia, the University of Sao Paulo, and the University of Melbourne were highly prolific institutions. Five co-cited references had a citation burst up to 2022, analyzed by CiteSpace. Keyword analysis (VOSviewer) yielded recent key themes (pregnancy, women, eye, risks and diagnosis) and suggested future research directions.The current results laid the foundation of bibliometrics for scholars and identified researchers, scientific journals, countries, keyword clustering, hot topics, and trends in the literature. High-impact-factor journals contain the most keyword-clustering research and open new horizons for research in the pregnancy-related eye disease nursing field, providing research inspiration for investigators in this field.Methods: This systematic review and bibliometric analysis investigated the keywords appearing most in the pregnancy-related eye disease field to elucidate the current state and trends of pregnancy-related eye disease research.A systematic literature analysis of pregnancy-related eye disease was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOS) databases. We used the keywords “ocular” OR “eye*” and “pregnancy” OR “pregnant” OR “gestation” to search for articles published from 1999 to 2022. Study data were analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.We analyzed 929 articles published from 1999 to 2022. From 1999 to 2012, the article number increased slowly, with a marked acceleration in publication frequency after 2013, original papers accounted for 780 (84%) of the total number of articles published. David A. Mackey was the most prolific writer, and Margaret A. Honein contributed the most citations. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, PLOS One, and the European Journal of Ophthalmology published the most articles. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science were the four most commonly cited journals. The University of Western Australia, the University of Sao Paulo, and the University of Melbourne were highly prolific institutions. Five co-cited references had a citation burst up to 2022, analyzed by CiteSpace. Keyword analysis (VOSviewer) yielded recent key themes (pregnancy, women, eye, risks and diagnosis) and suggested future research directions.The current results laid the foundation of bibliometrics for scholars and identified researchers, scientific journals, countries, keyword clustering, hot topics, and trends in the literature. High-impact-factor journals contain the most keyword-clustering research and open new horizons for research in the pregnancy-related eye disease nursing field, providing research inspiration for investigators in this field.Results: This systematic review and bibliometric analysis investigated the keywords appearing most in the pregnancy-related eye disease field to elucidate the current state and trends of pregnancy-related eye disease research.A systematic literature analysis of pregnancy-related eye disease was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOS) databases. We used the keywords “ocular” OR “eye*” and “pregnancy” OR “pregnant” OR “gestation” to search for articles published from 1999 to 2022. Study data were analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.We analyzed 929 articles published from 1999 to 2022. From 1999 to 2012, the article number increased slowly, with a marked acceleration in publication frequency after 2013, original papers accounted for 780 (84%) of the total number of articles published. David A. Mackey was the most prolific writer, and Margaret A. Honein contributed the most citations. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, PLOS One, and the European Journal of Ophthalmology published the most articles. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science were the four most commonly cited journals. The University of Western Australia, the University of Sao Paulo, and the University of Melbourne were highly prolific institutions. Five co-cited references had a citation burst up to 2022, analyzed by CiteSpace. Keyword analysis (VOSviewer) yielded recent key themes (pregnancy, women, eye, risks and diagnosis) and suggested future research directions.The current results laid the foundation of bibliometrics for scholars and identified researchers, scientific journals, countries, keyword clustering, hot topics, and trends in the literature. High-impact-factor journals contain the most keyword-clustering research and open new horizons for research in the pregnancy-related eye disease nursing field, providing research inspiration for investigators in this field.Conclusions: This systematic review and bibliometric analysis investigated the keywords appearing most in the pregnancy-related eye disease field to elucidate the current state and trends of pregnancy-related eye disease research.A systematic literature analysis of pregnancy-related eye disease was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOS) databases. We used the keywords “ocular” OR “eye*” and “pregnancy” OR “pregnant” OR “gestation” to search for articles published from 1999 to 2022. Study data were analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.We analyzed 929 articles published from 1999 to 2022. From 1999 to 2012, the article number increased slowly, with a marked acceleration in publication frequency after 2013, original papers accounted for 780 (84%) of the total number of articles published. David A. Mackey was the most prolific writer, and Margaret A. Honein contributed the most citations. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, PLOS One, and the European Journal of Ophthalmology published the most articles. The American Journal of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science were the four most commonly cited journals. The University of Western Australia, the University of Sao Paulo, and the University of Melbourne were highly prolific institutions. Five co-cited references had a citation burst up to 2022, analyzed by CiteSpace. Keyword analysis (VOSviewer) yielded recent key themes (pregnancy, women, eye, risks and diagnosis) and suggested future research directions.The current results laid the foundation of bibliometrics for scholars and identified researchers, scientific journals, countries, keyword clustering, hot topics, and trends in the literature. High-impact-factor journals contain the most keyword-clustering research and open new horizons for research in the pregnancy-related eye disease nursing field, providing research inspiration for investigators in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing broiler health monitoring technology has problems such as low automation, unstable monitoring results, and low practical value, making it difficult to provide timely and reliable broiler health monitoring results. The broiler sound signal can provide feedback on their health. A widely validated and correct experience is to analyze the frequency of coughs in a segment of broiler sound signal to determine the health of the broiler group. Based on this, in this paper, the authors proposed a new broiler health monitoring technology based on sound detection. The broiler health monitoring problem is cleverly transformed into a multi-classification problem, which can be solved by identifying the sound types in broiler sound signals. Specifically, the audio signal collection system was designed to complete signal collection and preliminary signal filtering. Wiener filtering was used for deep signal filtering. The 60-dimensional sound features with good performance from three aspects, time-frequency domain, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, and sparse representation were extracted, and a preliminary data set was created. Min-max normalization was used to align the numerical distribution of the data set, and a high-quality data set was created. Multi-classification models based on different classification algorithms and neural networks were trained, and the best-performing Random Forest was obtained, thus parameter optimization was carried out, and the optimal multi-classification model was obtained, achieving a classification accuracy of 91.14%. The visualization platform was built to process the classification results of the multi-classification model, completing majority voting processing and cough rate calculation, thereby achieving broiler health monitoring. In addition, the definitions of cough rate and prediction accuracy were newly proposed. A large number of experiments have verified the feasibility of the broiler health monitoring technology proposed in this paper, with an average prediction accuracy of 98.97% achieved. • Newly propose a complete broiler health monitoring technology based on sound detection. • Transform the broiler health monitoring problem into the sound type identification problem. • Newly propose an index of cough rate to evaluate the health of broiler groups. • Newly propose a data quality improvement scheme. • Obtain the highest prediction accuracy of broiler health monitoring in this field, currently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate whether the body composition parameters can be employed as potential biomarkers for predicting the progression risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods: Four hundred sixteen patients diagnosed with CKD were included in this retrospective study. Patients with a greater than 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate or progression to end-stage kidney disease were in the high-risk group, otherwise, they were in a low-risk group. Body composition area, the index, and radiodensities in the Hounsfield unit (HU), which reflect the degree of X-ray absorption, were measured on abdominal CT images. Risk factors in body composition and clinical parameters of CKD were identified by Cox regression and utilized to construct the nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using time receiver operating characteristics curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. Results: There were 254 patients in low-risk group and 162 in high-risk group (268 males, 148 females, mean age: 55.89 years). Urea, diabetes, 24 h-urinary protein, mean arterial pressure, and subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity (SATd) were valuable indicators for predicting the high-risk group. The area under curve values for the nomogram of training/validation set at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were 0.805/0.753, 0.784/0.783, and 0.846/0.754, respectively. For diabetic CKD patients, extra attention needs to be paid to visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio and renal sinus fat radiodensity. Conclusion: SATd was the most valuable noninvasive indicator of all body composition parameters for predicting high-risk populations with CKD. The nomogram we constructed has generalization with easily obtainable indicators, good performance, differentiation, and clinical practicability. Critical relevance statement: Radiodensity rather than an area of adipose tissue can be used as a new biomarker of prognosis for CKD patients, providing new insights into risk assessment, stratified management, and treatment for CKD patients. Key Points: Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development and prognosis of CKD. Adipose tissue radiodensity is more valuable than fat area in prognosticating for kidney disease. Parameters that prognosticate in diabetic CKD patients are different from those in other CKD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pulse and systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement system based on the edge-filtering method is proposed. The edge filter is the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) fabricated by two fiber couplers with a linear slope of 52.45 dBm/nm. The developed system consists of a broadband light source, an edge filter, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), a coarse wavelength-division multiplexer (CWDM), and signal-processing circuits based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It can simultaneously measure pulse pulsations of the radial artery in the wrist at three positions: Cun, Guan and Chi. The SBP can be calculated based on the pulse transit time (PTT) principle. The measurement results compared to a standard blood pressure monitor showed the mean absolute error (MAE) and standard deviation (STD) of the SBP were 0.93 ± 3.13 mmHg. The system meets the requirements of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) equipment standards. The proposed system can achieve continuous real-time measurement of pulse and SBP and has the advantages of fast detection speed, stable performance, and no compression sensation for subjects. The system has important application value in the fields of human health monitoring and medical device development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CBM-IV mechanism is one of the most-commonly used atmospheric reaction mechanisms in the model studies of air pollution. In this study, by using a concentration sensitivity analysis, we investigated the dependence of NO , NO 2 and O 3 on the initial air composition in the CBM-IV mechanism under a typical urban condition. The initial values of the components that are identified important in the sensitivity analysis were also modified to see the relevant changes in the reaction system. The results show that at the beginning of the simulation, NO , NO 2 and O 3 are mostly affected by the titration reaction. During this period, the NO mixing ratio depends negatively on the initial O 3 and positively on the initial nitrogen oxides. Moreover, the NO 2 mixing ratio was found positively correlated with the initial NO , while its dependence on the initial O 3 transits between positive and negative. In contrast to that, O 3 at this stage has the strongest positive dependence on its own initial concentration, but a negative association with the initial NO. However, as the reaction proceeds, the dependence of O 3 and the nitrogen oxides on the initial air composition changes. During the end of the simulation, the change of NO and NO 2 was found moderately associated with their initial values, but the influence caused by the modification of the initial O 3 is negligible. Similarly, ozone at this time was also found less impacted by its initial value. Instead, the ozone level under equilibrium relies mostly on the initial NO and NO 2 . • The dependence of CBM-IV on the initial air composition is investigated. • At the early stage, NO x and ozone are determined by the titration reaction. • The dependence of the final ozone level on the initial value of ozone is weak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are no other bovine coronavirus (BCoV) infection models except calves, which makes efficacy evaluation of vaccines and pathogenic mechanism research of BCoV inconvenient owing to their high value and inconvenient operation. This study aimed to establish a mouse model of BCoV infection. BCoV was used to infect 4-week-old male BALB/c mice and the optimal infection conditions were screened, including the following infection routes: gavage, intraperitoneal injection, and tail vein injection at doses of 1 × 108 TCID 50 , 2 × 108 TCID 50 and 4 × 108 TCID 50. Using the optimal infection conditions, BALB/c mice were infected with BCoV, and their body weight, blood routine, inflammatory factors, autopsy, virus distribution, and viral load were measured at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after infection. The results showed that the optimal conditions for infecting BALB/c mice with BCoV HLJ-325 strain were continuous oral gavage for 3 days with a dose of 4 × 108 TCID 50. On the 7th day after infection, there was significant extensive consolidation of the lungs and thinning of the colon wall. Significant inflammation was observed in various organs, especially in the colon and alveoli, where a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrate. Both BCoV Ag and nucleic acid are positive in visceral organs. The viral load in the colon and lungs was significantly higher than that in the other organs (p < 0.001). BCoV-infected mice showed a decreasing trend in body weight starting from day 5, and there was a significant difference compared to the control group on days 6 and 7 (p < 0.001). The total number of white blood cells and lymphocytes began to decrease and was significantly lower than that in the control group 24 h after infection (p < 0.001), and gradually returned to the control level. The cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 showed an increasing trend, significantly higher than the control group on day 5 and 7 (p < 0.001). These results indicate that the BCoV HLJ-325 strain can infect BALB/c mice and cause inflammatory reactions and tissue lesions. The most significant effect was observed on the seventh day after infection with a dose of 4 × 108 TCID 50 and three consecutive gavages. This study established, for the first time, a BALB/c mouse model of BCoV infection, providing a technical means for evaluating the immune efficacy of BCoV vaccines and studying their pathogenic mechanisms. • This study established for the first time a laboratory animal model of Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) infection. • This study established a BALB/c mouse model infected with BCoV. • Oral gavage was the optimal route, with the most severe histopathological lesions and the highest viral load in the colon and lungs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the Oxford classification and prognostic risk stratification of the non-invasive evaluation of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) or immunoglobulin A vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) in children using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Forty-four children diagnosed with IgAN or IgAVN were included. Patients with 80-month risk scores >10% were categorized as the high-risk group, while others constituted the low-risk group. The T2* and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the renal cortex and medulla were measured. Clinical and pathological parameters were also assessed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the indicators associated with the high-risk group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance variables for differentiating the high-risk group from the low-risk group. Results: Only the T2*Cortex and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were independently reliable in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. The AUCs for differentiating the high-risk group from the low-risk group of T2*Cortex, MAP, and their combination model were 0.907, 0.881, and 0.947, respectively. Conclusions: Multiparametric MRI parameters, especially T2* values, could be used as new biomarkers to provide a new dimension in chronic kidney disease-related research and could play an important role in the non-invasive prognosis of children with IgAN or IgAVN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The maximal energies of line graphs are determined over all graphs with fixed matching number, fractional matching number and bipartiteness, respectively. The extremal graphs are characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Split kidney function (SKF) is critical for treatment decision in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis and is commonly measured using renal scintigraphy (RS). Non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance urography (NCE-MRU) is increasingly used in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using NCE-MRU as an alternative to estimate SKF in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis, compared to RS. Methods: Seventy-five pediatric patients with hydronephrosis were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent NCE-MRU and RS within 2 weeks. Kidney parenchyma volume (KPV) and texture analysis parameters were obtained from T2-weighted (T2WI) in NCE-MRU. The calculated split KPV (SKPV) percent and texture analysis parameters percent of left kidney were compared with the RS-determined SKF. Results: SKPV showed a significant positive correlation with SKF (r = 0.88, p < 0.001), while inhomogeneity was negatively correlated with SKF (r = − 0.68, p < 0.001). The uncorrected and corrected prediction models of SKF were established using simple and multiple linear regression. Bland–Altman plots demonstrated good agreement of both predictive models. The residual sum of squares of the corrected prediction model was lower than that of the uncorrected model (0.283 vs. 0.314) but not statistically significant (p = 0.662). Subgroup analysis based on different MR machines showed correlation coefficients of 0.85, 0.95, and 0.94 between SKF and SKPV for three different scanners, respectively (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: NCE-MRU can be used as an alternative method for estimating SKF in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis when comparing with RS. Specifically, SKPV proves to be a simple and universally applicable indicator for predicting SKF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Message: The blast resistance allele of OsBsr-d1 does not exist in most japonica rice varieties of Jilin Province in China. The development of Bsr-d1 knockout mutants via CRISPR/Cas9 enhances broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in Northeast China. Rice blast is a global disease that has a significant negative impact on rice yield and quality. Due to the complexity and variability of the physiological races of rice blast, controlling rice blast is challenging in agricultural production. Bsr-d1, a negative transcription factor that confers broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast, was identified in the indica rice cultivar Digu; however, its biological function in japonica rice varieties is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the blast resistance allele of Bsr-d1 in a total of 256 japonica rice varieties from Jilin Province in Northeast China and found that this allele was not present in these varieties. Therefore, we generated Bsr-d1 knockout mutants via the CRISPR/Cas9 system using the japonica rice variety Jigeng88 (JG88) as a recipient variety. Compared with those of the wild-type JG88, the homozygous Bsr-d1 mutant lines KO#1 and KO#2 showed enhanced leaf blast resistance at the seedling stage to several Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) races collected from Jilin Province in Northeast China. Physiological and biochemical indices revealed that the homozygous mutant lines produced more hydrogen peroxide than did JG88 plants when infected with M. oryzae. Comparative RNA-seq revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in the synthesis of amide compounds, zinc finger proteins, transmembrane transporters, etc. In summary, our results indicate that the development of Bsr-d1 knockout mutants through CRISPR/Cas9 can enhance the broad-spectrum resistance of rice in Northeast China to rice blast. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for disease resistance breeding involving the Bsr-d1 gene in Northeast China, but also provides new germplasm resources for disease-resistance rice breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The distribution patterns of equivalent static seismic lateral forces used in current structural design codes are mostly derived from elastic vibration modes. Such force patterns may not be consistent with actual conditions when structures behave into the inelastic range or even into the collapse stage. In this study, a new design method for multi-story buildings that uses an optimum lateral force pattern is proposed based on the concept of uniform damage distribution at the collapse state of these buildings. To reduce the computational cost of statistical analyses for deriving the optimum lateral force pattern, the non-linear story behaviors are represented by a story shear-deformation model with tri-linear relationships. Systematic parametric analyses are performed to study the influences of various ground motion parameters (site condition, magnitude, distance to rupture, and near-fault effect) and structural parameters (number of stories, fundamental period, damping ratio, post-yielding stiffness, ductility, and degrading stiffness) on the optimum lateral force pattern. Formulas for the optimum lateral force pattern that are applicable for practical seismic designs are provided. The collapse resistant capacities of structures designed using the proposed and conventional methods are compared by fragility analyses. Results show that the proposed method increases the seismic collapse resistant capacity of structures under the same construction cost. Highlights • Optimum story lateral force pattern for structural seismic design is given. • Influence parameters on the optimum story lateral force pattern are discussed. • New method is implemented within the current seismic design framework. • New method leads to larger collapse resistant capacity with same construction cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to problems existing in the process of university audit informatization, the internal audit framework based on big data is analyzed in this paper. Audit data processing and analysis technology of government procurement in universities based on big data are elaborated. Analysis models of the government procurement audit that highlight the association analysis are established, and through the government procurement audit data, the validity of the models is verified. The researches in the paper can provide an important reference for auditing department, and also can promote the improvement of government procurement system and the level of management authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: NCG is a structural analogue of NAG, and can activate the rate-limiting enzyme of arginine synthesis and promote the synthesis of endogenous arginine in the intestine. Recent studies have found that NCG plays an important role in improving growth performance and maintaining intestinal health. However, there are few reports on the effects of NCG on the intestinal development and antioxidant capacity of piglets. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary NCG supplementation on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, jejunal morphology, amino acid transporters, and antioxidant capacity of weanling piglets. Studies have shown that dietary NCG supplementation can improve the growth performance and intestinal antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets. Weaning is an important period that affects the performance of piglets. However, the regulation of dietary amino acid levels is considered to be an effective way to alleviate the weaning stress of piglets. N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) plays an important role in improving the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of animals. A total of 36 weaned piglets were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, a control group (CON) and a 500 mg/kg NCG group (NCG), and the experiment lasted for 28 days. The results show that the NCG treatment group showed an increased 0–28 days average weight gain and average daily feed intake, and also increased contents of GLU and HDL, and lower SUN in serum, and an upregulation of the expression of the amino acid transporters SNAT2, EAAC1, SLC3A1, and SLC3A2 mRNA in the jejunum (p < 0.05), as well as an increased villus length and VH:CD ratio, and claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 mRNA expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05). The NCG treatment group showed an increased content of GSH-Px in serum and T-AOC and SOD in the jejunum, and a lower content of MDA (p < 0.05); and the upregulation of the mRNA expression related to antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD1, Gpx4, GCLC, GCLM and Nrf2, AhR, CYP1A1) in the jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the NCG treatment group saw an upregulation in the mRNA expression of IL-10 and a decrease in the expression of IL-1β and IL-4 in the jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). In summary, the results of this study suggest that NCG improved growth performance and jejunal morphology, improved the jejunal transport of amino acids related to the ornithine cycle, and improved the antioxidant capacity in weaned pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fluorescent probe composed of BODIPY and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine was designed for the detection of ClO − . The oxidizing reaction between probe and ClO − resulted in a distinct fluorescence enhancement together with a color variation from pink to orange. This probe showed excellent selectivity to ClO − among various ions including common reactive oxygen species and high sensitivity with a detection limit of 228 nM. A fast response (7 min) was observed, which made the probe a promising method in real-time detection. Furthermore, this probe was successfully applied to monitor ClO − in real-life water and living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Citrullinated vimentin (cVIM) triggers the immune response and is the primary autoantigen of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). • We established a new cVIM-induced rat model of arthritis to simulate human RA pathological changes. This model exhibited the key characteristics of RA, including inflammation, cartilage degradation, and bone erosion. • We present evidence that CK alleviates the symptoms of cVIM-induced arthritis and that autophagy regulation is a key cellular event involved in the generation of cVIM and the antigen-presenting ability of FLS. Citrullinated vimentin (cVIM) triggers the immune response and is the primary autoantigen of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ginsenoside compound K (CK), which exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects, was the objective of this study. We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of CK in regulating presentation of citrullinated peptides. In RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS), the expression of autoantigen cVIM, antigen presentation-related molecules, autophagy-related proteins, and autophagic flux were investigated. The effect of CK on the antigen presentation capability of FLS was also examined under conditions of autophagy induction and inhibition. Finally, Wistar rats were immunized with cVIM to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CK in an RA model. In RA-FLS, CK mitigated the expression of cVIM, autophagy-associated proteins, and antigen presentation-related molecules. This regulatory effect was associated with autophagy. cVIM-immunized rats exhibited more severe arthritis and higher levels of anti-CCP antibodies than those with adjuvant- and vimentin (VIM)-induced arthritis. CK significantly alleviated arthritis inflammation in cVIM-immunized rats. CK alleviates cVIM-induced arthritis symptoms, with the regulation of autophagy presenting a key cellular event involved in cVIM generation and RA-FLS antigen-presenting ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pectolinarin and linarin are two major flavone O-glycosides of Cirsium japonicum, which has been used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacological research on pectolinarin and linarin is meaningful and necessary. Here, a process for the purification of pectolinarin and linarin from C. japonicum was established using macroporous resin enrichment followed by prep-HPLC separation. The results show the purity of pectolinarin and linarin reached 97.39% and 96.65%, respectively. The in vitro bioactivities result shows the ORAC values of pectolinarin and linarin are 4543 and 1441 µmol TE/g, respectively, meanwhile their inhibition rate of BSA-MGO-derived AGEs is 63.58% and 19.31% at 2 mg/mL, which is 56.03% and 30.73% in the BSA-fructose system, respectively. The COX-2 inhibition rate at 50 µg/mL of linarin and pectolinarin reached 55.35% and 40.40%, respectively. Furthermore, the in vivo bioassay combining of histopathologic evaluation and biochemical analysis of liver glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum creatinine and TNF-α show pectolinarin can alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver and kidney injury in mice. Metabolomics analysis shows that pectolinarin attenuates LPS-challenged liver and kidney stress through regulating the arachidonic acid metabolism and glutathione synthesis pathways. Collectively, our work presents a solid process for pectolinarin and linarin purification and has discovered a promising natural therapeutic agent—pectolinarin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalytic partial hydrogenation of alkynols is a key approach for the synthesis of enols, which are crucial chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals and essences. Low selectivity is the main challenge of the partial hydrogenation of alkynols due to the easy over-hydrogenation of alkynyl groups. Herein, ultrafine PdZn bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were anchored on a S-doped mesoporous carbon catalyst (PdZn/Meso_S-C) and used for the partial hydrogenation of alkynols. Zn metal with a high electron density was used to modify the active metal Pd to change the electronic and geometric configuration of the Pd active sites, which improve the selectivity of enols during the partial hydrogenation of alkynols. Furthermore, the use of a S-doped mesoporous carbon support dispersed and stabilized the ultrafine PdZn NPs due to strong interactions between the metal atoms and S sites. This also prevented PdZn ultrafine NPs from aggregating and increased the partial hydrogenation selectivity. The partial hydrogenation of propynol ethoxylate (PME) catalyzed by PdZn/Meso_S-C reached 96.0% enol selectivity, while the alkynol conversion reached 97.5%. The general applicability of PdZn/Meso_S-C for the partial hydrogenation of various alkynols has also been demonstrated. Thus, this work has great application prospects for the high-efficiency catalytic partial hydrogenation of alkynols. [Display omitted] • S-doped mesoporous carbon (Meso_S-C) was prepared and used as catalyst support. • PdZn ultrafine NPs were stably anchored on the Meso_S-C with high dispersion. • PdZn/Meso_S-C catalyst can partially hydrogenate of alkynols with high selectivity. • The general applicability and reusability of PdZn/Meso_S-C were also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) whose surface is modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The reaction involves reduction of the BSA-Ag(I) complex by tyrosine in strongly alkaline solution to form BSA-AgNPs. The reaction takes a few minutes only owing to rapid and uniform microwave heating. The modified AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The BSA-AgNPs are yellow and display luminescence with a maximum at 521 nm if excited at 465 nm. They have a hydrodynamic diameter of 3-5 nm and possess good colloidal stability in the pH 4.6 to 12.0 range. The fluorescence of the BSA-AgNPs is enhanced by Cd(II) ion due to the formation of a stable hybrid conjugate referred to as Cd@BSA-AgNPs. The effect was exploited to quantify Cd(II) in spiked real water samples with a 4.7 nM detection limit, and also to fluorescently image Cd(II) in Hepatoma cells. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple, rapid and cost-effective method for visual colorimetric detection of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) based on the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been developed in this paper. Silver ions can be reduced to AgNPs by OPD in a few minutes, causing changes in absorption spectra and color of the reaction system. Therefore, colorimetric detection of OPD could be realized by a UV–vis spectrophotometer or even the naked eye. Results showed that the absorption intensity of AgNPs at 416 nm exhibited a good linear correlation ( R 2 = 0.998) with OPD concentration in the range from 10 −6 to 8 × 10 −5 mol L −1 and the detection limit (3 σ/S) was calculated to be 1.61 × 10 −7 mol L −1 . Furthermore, as low as 4 × 10 −6 mol L −1 OPD can be visualized by the naked eye without the requirement of any complicated or expensive instruments. This proposed method has been successfully applied to determine OPD in water samples, and may provide an innovative platform in the development of sensors for guiding environmental monitoring in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Shift the research focus to the features in the localization data set. • Features in data set were processed with approximately the same scale. • Newly designed multi-channel weighted threshold feature selection method. • Achieve the highest plane and spatial localization accuracy in related field. • An important supplement to the existing loose particle localization technology. Existing localization technology on loose particles inside sealed electronic equipment focuses on the selection and parameter optimization of classification algorithms;the features in the specific region has not been considered. Targeting this problem, this paper shifts the research focus to features in the localization dataset and proposes a feature optimization method. First, for the missing values in the localization dataset, the numerical filling method using a variety of statistical functions or directly discarding them are compared to obtain the optimal missing value processing method. Second, different processing methods using z-score standardization, min–max standardization, and row normalization are compared to obtain the best standardization or normalization method. Third, statistic-based and model-based feature selection methods are sutdied and the Pearson correlation coefficient, p-value, and the feature importance of decision trees are used to quantitatively measure the feature performance. On this basis of this measurement, the multi-channel characteristics of the localization technology on loose particles are comprehensively considered, and a multi-channel weighted threshold feature selection method is designed. The feasibility of the new method is verified on the localization dataset. Finally, verification datasets, representing aerospace electronic modules and aerospace power supplies, are established to verify the practicability and universality of the feature optimization method. The results show that the plane and spatial localization accuracy achieved on the localization dataset increased from 87.01% and 83.67% to 95.23% and 95.51%, respectively, after feature optimization, and the plane and spatial localization accuracy achieved on the verification datasets increased from 84.51% and 80.64%% to 90.57% and 89.16%, respectively. This is the highest localization accuracy currently achieved in aerospace engineering. The current study is an important supplement to loose particle detection research and has important practical value for improving the reliability of aerospace systems. This method can also be applied to other localization research on fault sources and acoustic emission source based on machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on a method for the determination of quercetin based on the quenching of the fluorescence of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). The CNPs were prepared by carefully adding an aqueous solution of glucose to solid diphosphorus pentoxide. This single-step method proceeds rapidly and gives large quantities of CNPs. Neither high temperatures nor complicated synthesis steps are needed. The resulting CNPs have an average size of 120 nm and were characterized by high-resolution TEM, FT-IR, elemental analysis and spectrofluorometry. The fluorescence of the CNPs decreases with increasing concentrations of the flavonoid quercetin, with a linear response to quercetin in the 3.3 to 41.2 μM concentration range in pH 6.0 water solution and also in a solution containing 16 % (v/v) of fetal bovine serum. The detection limit is as low as 0.175 μM, and the Stern-Volmer quenching constant is 4.34 × 10 M. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiplexed single-cell proteomes (SCPs) quantification by mass spectrometry greatly improves the SCP coverage. However, it still suffers from a low number of protein identifications and there is much room to boost proteins identification by computational methods. In this study, we present a novel framework DeepSCP, utilizing deep learning to boost SCP coverage. DeepSCP constructs a series of features of peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs) by predicting the retention time based on the multiple SCP sample sets and fragment ion intensities based on deep learning, and predicts PSM labels with an optimized-ensemble learning model. Evaluation of DeepSCP on public and in-house SCP datasets showed superior performances compared with other state-of-the-art methods. DeepSCP identified more confident peptides and proteins by controlling q-value at 0.01 using target–decoy competition method. As a convenient and low-cost computing framework, DeepSCP will help boost single-cell proteome identification and facilitate the future development and application of single-cell proteomics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Ionic liquid modified dummy imprinted microspheres (DMIMs) were synthesized. [•] DMIMs-SPE for rapid isolation of clenbuterol and clorprenaline in urine. [•] Matrix interferences were removed and analytes were concentrated. [•] Problem of template leakage on quantitative analysis was eliminated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Solve the loose particle localization problem by applying classification algorithms. • Optimize the multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition circuit. • Design two signal preprocessing methods for pulse regularization. • Extract and select features that can reflect the locations of loose particles. • Obtain the localization model based on parameter-optimized Random Forest. Due to the complex internal structure and uneven composition material of sealed electronic equipment, traditional acoustic emission source localization methods are unsuitable for the research of locating loose particles inside sealed electronic equipment. Aiming at this problem, the author analyzed the essence of locating loose particles from another angle, considered converting the loose particle localization problem into the multi-classification problem, and sought for solving. Based on the existing loose particle detection system, the multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition circuit was designed to synchronously collect loose particle signals. The two-stage dual-threshold pulse extraction algorithm and the multi-channel pulse-matching algorithm were designed to preprocess the collected loose particle signals. Multiple features with good localization performance were extracted and selected from the processed loose particle signals, and the localization data set was eventually established. The localization performances of different classification algorithms were analyzed and compared by performing them on the localization data set, respectively, then the parameters of better-performed Random Forest were optimized. Finally, the loose particle localization model based on parameter-optimized Random Forest was used to perform localization tests on the aerospace power supply. Test results show that the average localization accuracy is 84.08%, which is the highest localization accuracy achieved in aerospace engineering area of the world currently. It is an important supplement to the loose particle detection research and has important application value for improving the reliability of aerospace system. Theoretically, it can be applied to the research of collision signal localization with similar generation mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the high‐value utilization of mango peel and the performance of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, mango peel extract (MPE) and PVA were blended to prepare multifunctional composite films in this paper. First, gel permeation chromatography was used to determine the molecular weight distribution of MPE, and the major components of MPE were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Subsequently, different ratios of MPE/PVA composite films were prepared. As indicated by the results, the optical and mechanical properties of pure PVA film are significantly affected by the addition of MPE. With addition of 2.4 wt% MPE, the ultimate elongation of this films is significantly increased by 160.24%. The addition of MPE also enhances the water resistibility and thermal stability of the films and significantly improves its antibacterial and antioxidative properties. These results indicate that the prepared composite films is expected to be widely applied in food packaging. Novelty impact statement: The mango peel extract (MPE) was prepared, its molecular weight and composition were characterized, and then the MPE/PVA composite films were further prepared.The MPE improved the elongation at break and water resistance of composite films.The MPE gave excellent UV resistance, antibacterial and antioxidant properties to the composite films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Introduce a new approach that using spectrograms for feature extraction. • Newly propose a complete route of feature optimization to construct a high-quality dataset. • Introduce a new fusion classification model achieving a very high prediction accuracy. • Contribute to the animal welfare and promote the development of broiler farming practices. This paper presents a sound recognition method for white feather broilers using spectrogram features and a fusion classification model, with the goal of achieving accurate classification of white feather broilers sound signals and providing a reliable basis for monitoring their health. In the training part, after five steps of sound signal acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, feature optimization, and model training, a fusion classification model with strong reliability is constructed for practical application scenarios. In the testing part, the method is applied to a real farming scenario of white feather broilers, and the stability of the multi-classification models and the reliability of the fusion classification model are verified. The fusion classification model comprises Random Forest, K-nearest neighbor, and RBF-based SVM. Results from multiple tests showed that the highest classification accuracies achieved by the three multi-classification models were 100%, 86.67%, and 93.33%, respectively. The average prediction accuracy of the fusion classification model on multiple audio signals was 98.57%, the results effectively demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vibronic dynamics of o -dichlorobenzene in its lowest excited singlet state, S 1 , is investigated in real time by using femtosecond pump-probe method, combined with time-of-flight mass spectroscopy and photoelectron velocity mapping technique. Relaxation processes for the excitation in the range of 276–252 nm can be fitted by single exponential decay model, while in the case of wavelength shorter than 252 nm two-exponential decay model must be adopted for simulating transient profiles. Lifetime constants of the vibrationally excited S 1 states change from 651 ± 10 ps for 276 nm excitation to 61 ± 1 ps for 242 nm excitation. Both the internal conversion from the S 1 to the highly vibrationally excited ground state S 0 and the intersystem crossing from the S 1 to the triplet state are supposed to play important roles in de-excitation processes. Exponential fitting of the de-excitation rates on the excitation energy implies such de-excitation process starts from the highly vibrationally excited S 0 state, which is validated, by probing the relaxation following photoexcitation at 281 nm, below the S 1 origin. Time-dependent photoelectron kinetic energy distributions have been obtained experimentally. As the excitation wavelength changes from 276 nm to 242 nm, different cationic vibronic vibrations can be populated, determined by the Franck-Condon factors between the large geometry distorted excited singlet states and final cationic states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Novel Sulfur-doped COFs anchored platinum single sites catalysts were prepared. • Comprehensive characterizations confirm that the actual active site is NS-Pt-Cl 2. • The obtained Pt(0.75%)@BTT-BPh-COF catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity. • The reaction mechanism of hydrosilylation of alkenes was detailed investigated. Selective catalytic hydrosilylation of alkenes for the synthesis of organosilicon products is very important in the fine chemical industry. Nevertheless, conventional Pt-based homogeneous catalysts are hindered by their low reaction selectivity, catalyst residues, and Pt leaching. In this study, a series of covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-anchored single-site Pt catalysts for achieving high-performance alkene hydrosilylation were prepared, and comprehensive characterizations confirmed that the actual coordination environment of Pt active sites is NS-Pt-Cl 2. The resulting Pt(0.75%)@BTT-BPh-COF catalyst exhibited superior activity for the anti-Markovnikov hydrosilylation of alkenes with an excellent selectivity (>99%) under solvent-free conditions. Experimental and theoretical analysis revealed that the excellent catalytic performance is attributed to the effective charge transfer and strong coordination effect between Pt and S, N-co-doped COFs, which is conducive to the generation of electron-rich and highly active Pt single sites. High catalyst stability was maintained during recycling experiments due to the strong anchoring effect of the COFs support on atomically dispersed Pt single sites as well as the pore confinement effect. This study not only describes the precise design for the state-of-the-art catalysts with accurate active sites but also affords in-depth insights into alkene hydrosilylation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypochlorite serves as a powerful antimicrobial agent in human immune system, the detection of which is of great significance. Herein a novel fluorescent probe based on BODIPY dye and diaminomaleonitrile has been synthesized and characterized to sense hypochlorite. The fluorescence of the system is dramatically enhanced by ClO − due to the removal of C=N isomerization effect in physiological pH condition. The complete reaction only needs a few seconds, which enables the probe to facilitate real-time detection. This probe also has satisfactory selectivity for ClO − even in the presence of other interferential ions and shows high sensitivity with a detection limit of 19.8 nM. Furthermore, Probe 1 has been successfully applied to detect ClO − in real water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]