1. The role of energy conservation in the household sector to achieve net zero emission (NZE) conditions in Indonesia by using optimization energy model.
- Author
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Fitriana, I., Santosa, J., Sugiyono, A., and Rahardjo, I.
- Abstract
The Government of Indonesia has pledged to adopt energy transition pathways toward net zero emission (NZE) by 2060. One of the NZE pathways is to implement energy conservation in the household sector. The household sector is a big energy end-user, mainly using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity. The LPG consumption in this sector reaches 95.9% of total LPG consumption in Indonesia. LPG consumption is mostly supplied from imports, contributing to the large Indonesian current account deficit. Electricity usage is also dominant, with a current share of 41.7% compared to the national electricity consumption. The use of LPG and electricity will continue to increase. However, there are still many opportunities to apply energy efficiency and conservation measures to the LPG and electricity uses in the sector by using various technology options. These measures align with Government Regulation No. 70 in 2009 about Energy Conservation. This regulation includes substituting LPG stoves with electric stoves and replacing inefficient technology with energy-saving technology for lighting and other household appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioning. This paper selects a set of household energy technology options using the least cost optimization approach for long-term projection. Implementing energy efficiency and conservation will significantly reduce the energy demand in the household sector and have consequences to lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which will support the achievement of Indonesia's NZE targets in 2060. The results of the NZE scenario will reduce household sector emissions by 28.7 million tons of CO2e and contribute 4.11% to the reduction of national GHG emissions. In this scenario, a lessening in LPG imports by 6.18 million tons and the accession of LPG exports due to the revitalization of oil refineries will escalate the potential of national income by 8.2 billion USD in 2060. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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