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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cladode pruning on apical dominance in the production and post-harvest of pitaya fruits. The experiment was carried out at the Sítio das Pitaya do Pará, which is in the city of Tomé-Açu, State of Pará, Brazil. A randomized block design (RBD) in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme was used, with four replications for each treatment. Treatments consisted of three stand positions in the field (beginning, middle, and end of row) and two pruning regimes (with and without pruning). The interaction of factors Pruning and Stand position (P*SP) inhibited sprouting, while the Pruning factor provided heavier fruits and with a better pulp/peel ratio. Thus, cladode pruning provided benefits to plant management, production parameters, and post-harvest quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cladode pruning on apical dominance in the production and post-harvest of pitaya fruits. The experiment was carried out at the Sítio das Pitaya do Pará, which is in the city of Tomé-Açu, State of Pará, Brazil. A randomized block design (RBD) in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme was used, with four replications for each treatment. Treatments consisted of three stand positions in the field (beginning, middle, and end of row) and two pruning regimes (with and without pruning). The interaction of factors Pruning and Stand position (P*SP) inhibited sprouting, while the Pruning factor provided heavier fruits and with a better pulp/peel ratio. Thus, cladode pruning provided benefits to plant management, production parameters, and post-harvest quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the spectrum of droplets produced by three spray tips (JSF 11002, SF 11001, and JD12) using two types of spray solutions (with and without adjuvant). The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks in a 3×2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The targets were scanned after spraying and later analyzed by the free software Conta-Gotas. Values were extracted from the number of droplets, number of diameter, dispersion, volume, density, coverage, DV10, DV50, and DV90. Adjuvant addition increased droplet diameter and coverage, thus being indicated to reduce drift losses. The tips JSF 11002 and JD12 showed a larger droplet size, representing higher risk of runoff and low penetration into the plant canopy. The tip SF 11001 presented better penetration and fixation in the plant, thus being the most recommended for the application of phytosanitary products in pitaya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring the nutritional status of the soybean crop, based on nutrient levels in the third trefoil with petiole, can help improve fertilization. The objective of this work was to determine the reference values of macro and micronutrient contents, to evaluate the nutritional status of soybean crops, regarding the degree of balance and to obtain the potential response to fertilization for nutrients. The work was carried out based on a database of foliar nutrient contents and grain yield of soybean crops in Mato Grosso, Campo Novo dos Parecis region, covering different agricultural years, cultivars, soil textures and times of use of the area. with the soybean crop. They were obtained from useful reference values for the evaluation of the nutritional status of soybean crops, regarding the degree of balance, plus limits of nutrient content in the normal range, according to the balance by the Kenworthy method. In low-yield soybean crops in the region studied, on average, for macronutrients, 69.7% of crops are in the normal class, while for micronutrients this percentage is lower, 60.9%. N is the nutrient most found in crops (83.2%), while Cu (49.8%) is the least found in the normal class. Of the low productivity soybean crops studied in this work, 78.3% have adequate nutritional balance. Mg, P and Ca and Cu, Mn and Zn are those for which there are greater expectations of crop productivity gains, in response to fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of manual backpack sprayers is common on rural properties for the application of phytosanitary products with different types of nozzles. The aim of the study was to evaluate the drop spectrum in the spray solution on scarlet eggplant crop. The study was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with a 2x3 factorial scheme, consisting of two working pressures 15 and 45 Psi, and three spray nozzles with four blocks. For the acquisition of information, hydrosensitive papers were used, which later had their images digitized and analyzed by the Gotas® software. The following values were extracted: number of drops, dispersion, applied volume, coverage and volumetric mean diameter (VMD). Then, the values found were subjected to analysis of variance and, according to significance, were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability level. For each factor, separately, the coefficients of variation were analyzed and then an analysis of the correlation between these factors was performed. The highest pressure produced the greatest number of drops and application coverage. Coverage was also the best at this pressure, which led to the highest coverage percentage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the correlation among growing degree-days (GDD), canopy height (CH), and leaf area index (LAI) for Guinea grass irrigated, considering the different combinations of the nitrogen and boron rates and cycles of regrowth. The experiment was carried out from August/2017 to August/2018 in a field experiment, and the climate of the region is classified as subtropical. A randomized block design arranged in a factorial scheme (4x3x11) with four replications was used. The treatment was (i) boron fertilization: 0, 1, and 2 kg ha-1; and (ii) nitrogen fertilization: 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1 distributing to 11 growth/cutting cycles. We observed the high correlation between GDD and the parameters evaluated of CH and LAI. The nitrogen results showed a low influence on canopy height and the leaf area index, and boron results did not influence these parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]