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Xysticus grallator Simon, 1932 is a little-known species of crab spider distributed in the western Mediterranean region. We present new records of this species from mainland Italy, together with images of living and preserved specimens, the copulatory organs, and the habitat. A map of literature records provides insights into the known distribution of this species. Additionally, we show that a historical record of Xysticus pavesii O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 by L. di Caporiacco is misidentified and in fact the first record of X. grallator on the Italian Peninsula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]