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The purpose of the research was the determination of CO as a risk factor for workers in the service stations of the municipality of Pitalito, Huila, Colombia, where measurements were made of the concentration of CO in the work environments of 9 service stations of petrol, through the gas monitor laptop GX 2009, brand RKI that allows to measure concentration of oxygen, CO, H2S and aliphatic hydrocarbons. These measurements were carried out every 15 minutes during 2 hours in the morning, at mid-day, evening and night, repeating the procedure during the 3 days of 8 working hours. In the first station was obtained an average of $45.32 ppm CO with a standard deviation of 19,47 (37,20 ± 19,47), in the second was obtained 48,82ppm CO and a standard deviation of 25,82 (48,82 ± 25,82), in the third (28.12 ± 24.15), in the fourth (37.05 ± 21,44), in the fifth (10.77 ± 12.56), the sixth (- 30.47 ± 25.05), in the seventh (43,53 ± 30,09), in the eighth (42,55 ± 30,96), in the ninth (27,72 ± 20,99) and finally the average concentrations of CO during a labor day in service stations corresponds to 34,02ppm. It is concluded that the concentrations of CO do not follow a pattern of directly proportional relationship with symptoms manifested by the workers; but many are alterations can be directly related to the time of exposure to the CO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the operational characteristics offered by the transport network of the city of Manizales. This research is supported by basic information gathered for more than a year using GPS equipment (more than 18 million records). The time needed to get to gas stations is calculated as well as the spatial coverage in terms of population and area. Graphical results are obtained and these explain the time needed to get to a particular gas station. Quantitative comparisons are made among the different types of gas stations and the sectors of the city lacking gas stations coverage are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the mid-1930s, YPF and the ACÁ forged a partnership that is still active today. The developed plan included the construction of gas stations and social centers for the Automobile Club. Its fulfillment took over a decade and involved a highly complex level of organization due to the diversity of the program and the extent of the network. By examining the different territorial, architectural and institutional aspects involved we explain how the architectural production of the ACA was conceived, starting out from an innovative functional program. Our analysis reflects the constantly changing mindset of the time, which swung between the urge to express a modern image and the desire to reveal an identity associated with the vernacular culture. In the works executed between 1935 and 1946, we verify the way power was represented through the modernist expression of architecture in order to highlight, amongst other things, institutional efficiency and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work is focused on the initial review of the conditions for safety and occupational health in the field of cleaner production, made in twenty (20) service stations located in the Aburrá Valley, specifically in Medellin, as a pilot experience. The study, more than producing a conclusion, reveals a number of needs and weaknesses identified in the implementation of best practices for occupational health in the service stations in which the research project is made and an improvement plan is also suggested. It is also considered as an important point the application of the study in more service stations in the region. Finally, it is essential that the authorities establish monitoring and control strategies to promote the creation of socially responsible actions, represented by best environmental practices, occupational health and full satisfaction among all of those who are a part of the automotive fuels sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (Aburrá Valley Metropolitan Area), conscious of the importance of the impact caused by the transportation sector to the environment, has bee boosting strategies and developing projects since 2004, aiming to identify the problems of that sector and to contribute to solve them. With an agreement with the Municipality of Medellín, 40 companies from the transportation cluster gathered to work on a pilot project which provided the guides to recognize and understand the environmental problems related to mobile sources and all the group of services they use to work. Once the problems were identified, the Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá started to develop projects in some subsectors from the transportation chain, among which there is one about service stations that is remarked in this research work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]