Search

An overview of the dynamics of the quantitative composition of the Main Botanical Garden's (MBG) living collections from the time it was formed to the present day is given. The distribution of taxa by expositions and collection sites, their systematic affiliation, peculiarities of the formation of collections in different periods of the existence of MBG, and features of ontogeny in different groups of taxons are discussed. The combined living collection fund of the MBG includes 3225 taxa of higher plants in 150 families, 667 genera, 1853 species, 343 forms, and 1076 plant varieties representing domestic and worldwide flora from different regions of the globe. The most represented families are Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, and Fabaceae however, most families (78) are represented by only 1-2 species. The genera Allium and Crataegus (by 43 species each), Iris (36), Pinus (23), Acer (21), and Betula (20) are distinguished by the number of species. By varietal diversity the most representatives are Rosa - 175 varieties, Syringa vulgaris - 126 varieties, Hemerocallis hybrida - 102 varieties, irises (82 varieties), Narcissus hybrida (72 varieties). The varietal collections Tulipa hybrida (41 varieties) and Hosta hybrida (38) are also representative. The vital state of most plants is quite satisfactory; under our conditions, about half of the collection plants pass the full ontogenetic development cycle and produce completely viable seeds. Another 30% of the collection plants are highly active in flowering but breed only vegetative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the state of museum education in Ukrainian museums after the Russian armed invasion. The research was based on interviews with museum workers from five cities in Ukraine. Museums represent different regions of Ukraine and museums of different directions. The author analyzes what changes have taken place in educational work during the last two years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay focuses on two important phenomena in the context of narrative "beginnings": the beginning of the action proper and the first full-fledged scene (FFS), namely, the first time-section in the text that the author finds to be of consequence enough to deserve full scenic treatment. The point of departure for my discussion is Meir Sternberg's claim that the FFS always signals the beginning of the action proper (and the end of the exposition) in the fabula. To refute this as an absolute claim, I examine several types of openings where the FFS either succeeds or precedes chronologically the beginning of the action proper. I thereby also try to demonstrate it is instructive to consider the FFS more generally as significant on aesthetic and rhetorical grounds within the narrative whole; it can perform various and possibly alternative functions to the one Sternberg attributes to it as necessary and constant. Moreover, regarding the question of establishing the beginning point of the action proper, I suggest as an alternative signpost another full-fledged scene—the first in what I call the "main linear sequence" of the work (the application of both criteria often leads to the same result, but not always). This alternative indicator is not without its limitations either, but these limitations are methodologically useful since they help us identify and explain cases where the demarcation between exposition and action proper is genuinely problematic (when it is difficult to identify a main linear sequence in the work). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The medicinal treatment of mental disorders during pregnancy and lactation requires special knowledge about possible effects of the psychopharmacotherapy on the intrauterine exposure of the embryo/fetus. Therefore, the first part of this 2‑part article focuses on the use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy. In the second part, the use of psychotropic drugs during breastfeeding is addressed. Possible substance-specific risks as a consequence of the administration have to be assessed compared to the natural risk of pregnancy complications, birth complications and neonatal complications associated with the appropriate (untreated) mental disease. Pharmacokinetic changes during pregnancy require a special focus on the safety of drug treatment and treatment efficacy. Currently, neither the European Medicines Agency (EMA) nor the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved any psychotropic drug for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. A more detailed consideration of the risk profiles of all psychotropic drugs, prescribed off-label during this time, is important. Antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers are the main drugs used, despite their lack of approval. This first part of our 2‑part article provides an overview of the most frequently used substance groups during pregnancy and their special characteristics. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is presented as a clinical tool that can provide a supportive contribution to treatment safety and effectiveness during pregnancy and later also during breastfeeding, not only because of the changing pharmacokinetics. In this context, the measurement of concentrations of the active substance allows a better quantification of the intrauterine and postpartum exposure risk. Despite all clinical support possibilities, each therapeutic decision for the administration of a psychotropic drug remains an individual case decision. For those involved in the treatment, this means a careful balancing of the possible consequences of non-treatment and the possible sequelae of the use of psychopharmacotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drug treatment of mental disorders during lactation requires special knowledge about the possible effects on the breastfed infant. The first part of this 2‑part article is devoted to the use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy. This second part addresses the use of psychotropic drugs during breastfeeding. The uncertainty about whether maternal breastfeeding can be recommended during drug treatment is high and the clinical management of psychopharmacotherapy during breastfeeding is a major challenge. Due to sparse scientific evidence, the administration of psychotropic drugs must be evaluated individually; however, the risk of mental decompensation of the mother is a weighty factor that can have a very negative impact on the mother-child pair, in the worst case up to suicide or infanticide. Drug treatment during breastfeeding is always off-label and should therefore only be given after a careful risk assessment and comprehensive clarification. Every treatment decision is a case by case decision based on an assessment of the overall constellation. This includes the psychiatric history, the current complaints and a risk assessment for the infant, ideally with the involvement of a social support network in the environment. A multiprofessional support by psychiatrists, pediatricians, gynecologists and midwives should accompany drug treatment during breastfeeding under close monitoring. This second part of the 2‑part article provides an overview of the most frequently used drug classes during the breastfeeding period. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a valuable tool for risk and exposure assessment during the breastfeeding period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highlights of the 24th International Exposition Glass World held in Moscow are briefly cited. About 100 companies from 12 countries of the world participated. New manufacturing and quality-control technologies of glass products and the main structural components of glass furnaces and methods of their high-quality production are demonstrated at the exposition. Examples of the most successful enterprises in the glass industry are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete basins according to ZTV‐ING Concrete retention basins within the German federal highways network are regulated in ZTV‐ING. Taking into account the current state of the art and the experiences of the road administration with regard to the construction and operation of such basins and pump houses, a new assignment of the exposure classes for these components should be appropriate. This article takes a differentiated view on the relevant environmental impacts of concrete basins and explains the background for possible modifications to be made in a new ZTV‐ING. For example, in case of a global categorization, many components would have to be formally assigned to the exposure class XF4, from which the mandatory use of air‐entrained concrete would then be directly derived. However, differentiated considerations, considering specific boundary conditions and many years of experience, also allow the use of concretes without air entraining agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analyses at the core of this essay focus attention on the concepts of "Compearance" and "Exposition" in Jean-Luc Nancy's philosophical reflection. Starting from the analyses carried out by Sartre, Lévinas and Derrida, this paper aims to define and highlight one of the fundamental concepts in Nancy's philosophical work, which is touching. A " corpus of touch " that is a syncopated corpus, interrupted and mixed with other bodies; here the whole sense of compearance and exposition is at stake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides a qualitative investigation into the many ways in which exposition mediates exclusive knowledge about copyright to children in Key Stage 3 on the Bitesize and Newsround pages of the British Children's BBC online platform. The analysis compares objective exposition in the copyriGht article of OUP's A Dictionary of Law, primarily intended for inclusion and knowledge transfer to late youth and adults, with the Bitesize sister directories on Copyright and intellectual property, and a Newsround story about EU copyright law. Data suggests that the Bitesize pages address excellent readers using specialist terminology; they pursue brevity, precision, and conciseness. While still comprising expository passages for explanatory purposes, Newsround adopts interlocutive strategies and provides verbal and visual stimuli -- including clever language play within memes -- that are clearly intended to engage with users, arouse their curiosity, and promote identification with the represented participants and actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is two-fold; a) to examine the attendance of Turkey at the exhibitions, expositions and fairs held in the Balkans in order to develop commercial relations with the Balkan countries and to introduce the goods and products it produced, and b) to discuss the results achieved in this process. In this regard, Turkey's approach to exhibitions, expositions and fairs held in Thessaloniki, Belgrade and Plovdiv, the preparation processes, and the political and economic factors that enabled this attendance were discussed. Turkey's attendance at these economic organizations in the Balkans took place especially after the Balkan Conferences and the signing of the Balkan Pact. By attending these exhibitions, Turkey brought close political relations with the Balkan countries to the economic field. Thus, the Balkan Union was tried to be placed on an economic basis. The main sources of the study were the Republic Archive documents of Presidency State Archives and the periodical publications of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die Niedertemperatursterilisation mit verdampftem Wasserstoffperoxid (H2O2 ) wird in Krankenhäusern immer häufiger eingesetzt. H2O2 stellt allerdings ein Toxizitätsrisiko dar. Es gilt in Frankreich eine maximale Arbeitsplatzexposition (MAK) von 1 ppm pro 8 Stunden. Aktuell liegen nur wenige Daten zur routinemäßigen Exposition bei AEMP-Personal, Anwendern oder Patienten vor. Um das Expositionsrisiko für die genannten Personengruppen zu bewerten, wurden in dieser Studie die H2O2-Rückstände nach Niedertemperatursterilisation in den Sterilisatoren V-Pro 1+ und V-Pro maX (STERIS®) gemessen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the collaborative process that led to the conception of the exhibition Kuru. L'art d'un monde en mutation held in 2019 at the Botanical Garden of Neuchâtel, Switzerland. This project, which brought together San Naro artists from Botswana, anthropologists and museum professionals, aimed to rethink the museum's approach to contemporary San art and to develop more inclusive modes of exhibition. This article documents the strategies of representation of the Self and the Other mobilized in this context and proposes a reflection on the contributions, the stakes and the limits of this collaboration at the intersection of art, anthropology and botany. It highlights the unintended effects, constant adaptations, and persistent asymmetries at work in the exchanges, and discusses the value of making sense of these interactional dynamics within the museum space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2015, we have been regularly conducting studies with audiences in museums or art centers in the city of Montpellier (Carré Sainte Anne, Pavillon Populaire, Espace Dominique Bagouet, Espace Saint Ravy, Musée Fabre and Panacée-MO.CO). Supervised by the teaching team, they are led by students in the 3rd year of the Information-Communication Degree at the Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 University, enrolled in the "Audience Analysis" course, i.e. a staff of about 200. For the 2017-18 class, the study was carried out among the audiences of the Fabre Museum and the Panacée-MO.CO, from January to April. In agreement with the partners, the main question focused on the way in which the public appropriates these two places, respectively a museum of fine arts and a contemporary art center. We present here the survey protocol implemented to understand these fields and detail in particular the methodological articulation developed in response to the problem. In addition to the results provided to understand the appropriation of visitors to the different spaces of the places investigated, the study makes it possible to develop pedagogical modalities that aim to confront students with the realities of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scenography is a labour comprised of interrelationships between art and expert. It is based on space projection and news temporalities effort (production) and participate to a declaratory context (reception). Our ethnolinguistic approach describe and analyze practicals problems exposed by scenographers during professional moments and how they resolve them interactionally. In this article, we develop scenographic production and describe a particular activity : exposition space projection. For that, we explain a part of our scientific corpus (extract from Scenoscope project) that rest on Jewels exposition implementing in the city of Agde. We have collected observations and survey datas during several working sessions where principals actors of this cultural project were. Through this research field, we must define projection activity as a typical part of scenographic work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The premise of this paper is that Adam Smith was first a teacher and second an economist and writer. Set this, it aims to show that one of the causes of the remarkable success of The Wealth of Nations was the didactic rhetoric that the author put into practice in communicating his thoughts. It focuses on the well-known example of the manufacture of pins, previously not studied from this perspective, because of its important function as a proem to the work, place in which it is a priority to adapt to the imagination of students, listeners and readers, capturing their sympathy so that they wish to continue learning, listening and reading. After identifying the previous formulations of the example by other authors, it analyses the different versions provided by Smith, identifying in them three relevant levels from the point of view of education: visual, emotional and historical. In addition, it gives relevance to the didactic context of Scotland of his time and to the interconnection of Smith's different cultural interests, especially his connections with rhetoric. Its conclusion is that Smith based his didactic rhetoric on perspicuity and sympathy, building a teaching discourse, first, and textual, later, that created an immersive visual environment in which students, listeners and readers felt intuitively protagonists inside the conceptual world exposed (that of the new economic science) and, with this, agents of their own formative process, which has an undeniable topicality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'électrohypersensibilité (EHS) est un phénomène, apparu dans les années 1980, qui semble attribuer la survenue de certains symptômes à une exposition aux champs électromagnétiques (CEM). Depuis cette apparition, le nombre de cas n'a cessé d'augmenter, laissant imaginer une sorte de contagion. Cependant, le lien de corrélation entre exposition et apparition des symptômes a été testé à de nombreuses reprises et n'a jamais été confirmé. L'hypothèse qu'un effet psychogénique, l'effet nocebo, pouvait être à l'œuvre a alors pris corps, amenant avec elle une prise de conscience quant à notre exposition sans cesse croissante à des informations anxiogènes sur la présence des CEM. Ce contexte d'attentes négatives démultiplie l'action de l'effet nocebo, déjà contagieux en lui-même, mais n'explique pas, à lui seul, le cheminement d'une majorité des victimes chez qui la survenue des symptômes a précédé la connaissance d'un possible effet nocif des CEM. Différents travaux ont montré que dans ce dernier cas, il pourrait s'agir d'un phénomène de mauvaise attribution des symptômes. Les victimes, laissées sans réponse par la communauté médicale, vont se mettre en recherche d'une cause et seront confrontées à l'orientation du marché cognitif vers les CEM. Cette confrontation sera d'autant plus déséquilibrée que la victime ignore qu'elle est soumise à de nombreux biais cognitifs dans sa manière d'appréhender les informations qui lui sont proposées. Dès lors que l'attribution est constituée, l'effet nocebo pourra à nouveau entrer en jeu et venir consolider la sensation, pour la personne, d'être atteinte d'EHS. Quel que soit le cheminement, la victime entre dans un cercle vicieux duquel il apparaît très compliqué de s'extraire. Electro-hypersensitivity (EHS) is a phenomenon that emerged in the 1980s and which seems to attribute the occurrence of some symptoms to an exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). Since it has appeared, the number of cases has not stopped increasing, suggesting some kind of contagion. However, the correlation between exposure and the onset of symptoms has been tested repeatedly and has never been confirmed. The hypothesis that a psychogenic effect named the "nocebo effect" could be at work then took shape, bringing us to an awareness of our ever-increasing exposure to anxiety-inducing news about the presence of EMFs. This context of negative expectations reinforces the action of the nocebo effect (an effect which is inherently contagious) but does not, in itself, explain the path of a majority of victims in whom the onset of symptoms preceded knowledge of a possible harmful effect of EMFs. Different studies have shown that in the latter case, it could be a phenomenon of wrong attribution of symptoms. The victims, left unanswered by the medical community, will seek a cause and will be confronted with the orientation of the cognitive market towards EMF. This confrontation will be all the more unbalanced as the victim is unaware that it is subject to many cognitive biases in its way of understanding the information offered to it. Once the attribution is established, the nocebo effect can again come into play and strengthen the feeling of being a victim of EHS. Whatever the path, the victim enters a vicious circle from which it appears very complicated to escape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the vulnerability conditions of a fishing community facing the extreme meteorological phenomena aggravated by climate change. The methodology is qualitative, supported by geographic methods, based on the case study of the "La Barra afro-descendant community", located in the Colombian Pacific Coast, in the mouth of San Juan River. As there is limited access to the community due to its geographical conditions, besides the biosecurity requirements due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a documentary analysis, as well as multi-temporal maps based on satellite images, show the spatial changes on the coastline of La Barra, during the years 2001, 2011 and 2019. In addition to the above, interviews with academic experts and community residents are conducted. The term "vulnerability" is understood from the school of thought of climate change science and adaptation research. It is concluded that the vulnerability not only depends on climatic stimuli but also on the racialized and marginalized conditions of Afro populations located in isolated rural territories. In that way, the social and political nature of the meteorological phenomena could transform them in catastrophic events for vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alongside depression, anxiety disorders are the most frequent reason for consulting a psychotherapist. Objective: This article describes the recent progress in understanding basic learning processes in anxiety treatment, the resulting therapeutic procedures, the current state of knowledge on the efficacy of the various psychotherapeutic procedures and on the moderators of the success of treatment. Material and methods: The English and German language literature was reviewed and compiled, with an emphasis on the last 10 years. Results: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) achieves the best and broadest level of evidence across all anxiety disorders. Initial studies have also provided emerging evidence for the efficacy of manualized short-term psychodynamic treatment. The most discussed mechanism of action is that of inhibitory learning. Augmentation strategies and personalized treatment approaches are gaining in relevance. Conclusion: Current models of inhibitory learning are rooted in basic research and foster a deeper understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. In order to optimize success of exposure treatment in vulnerable subgroups of patients, many procedural, device-based and pharmacological augmentation strategies are currently under investigation, whereby the latter are mostly still in the stage of (pre)clinical testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue of Food, Culture & Society examines how fairs and expositions–at local, regional, national, and international levels–have reflected and shaped perceptions of food production, marketing, and consumption for mass audiences. It will consider the perspectives of fair organizers, publicists, exhibitors, concessionaires, restaurateurs, and participants in constructing and experiencing the diversity of food cultures on the fairgrounds and the social situations fairs and expositions can foster. These essays will examine food on the fairgrounds from a multi-sensory perspective, thinking about food not only as something ingested, but also engaged through display, art, and performance. This special issue seeks to place in conversation the scholarship on fairs/expositions with the history of food cultures around the world, the dynamics of its exhibition and display, and its promotion of community cohesion and culinary consciousness in order to demonstrate the importance of these mass cultural events as sites where local, regional, national, and corporate culinary identities are simultaneously made and unmade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic heavy metal of industrial importance; its presence continues to be a risk in the environment. The concentrations of this metal exceed the limits established by government agencies, representing a menace to the health of the population, mainly in developing countries. Pb affects several systems, including the reproductive system. In this work, research on its toxic effects of Pb on the ovaries is reviewed, addressing studies carried out in vivo and in vitro in mammals, mainly rats, mice and humans from 2000 to 2020. Among the main findings are the modification of the cellular REDOX balance, separation of granulosa cells that conform the follicle, and increased follicular atresia, among others, which consequently alter the reproductive process. Further interdisciplinary studies will help improve the understanding of the mechanisms of action of Pb in the ovary, as well as the risk it represents for female reproductive health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expositionsübungen (Reizkonfrontationen) stellen die wichtigste Interventionskomponente bei Angststörungen dar; Verhaltensexperimente die wichtigste beobachtungsbezogene Disputationsmethode. Beides sind Beispiele erfahrungsorientierten Lernens in der Verhaltenstherapie. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit werden diese Vorgehensweisen definiert, in ihren Durchführungsvarianten dargestellt und hinsichtlich ihrer logischen Begründung sowie ihrer hypothetischen Wirkmechanismen verglichen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass beide Ansätze gemäß dem Prinzip der Erwartungs- bzw. Befürchtungswiderlegung (expectancy violation) erwartungs- bzw. einstellungskonträre Erfahrungen ermöglichen sollen. Der Schwerpunkt bei den Expositionsübungen liegt auf der Veränderung des emotionalen Erlebens und automatisierter Vermeidungsreaktionen in bestimmten Zielsituationen, bei den Verhaltensexperimenten liegt er auf der Veränderung von Einstellungen und Erwartungen. Ferner wird bei den Expositionsübungen der Erwerb emotionaler Kompetenzen (Furchttoleranz) angestrebt, was bei Verhaltensexperimenten zumindest nicht primär intendiert ist. Zwar zielt die Fallkonzeption bei Expositionen mehr auf die Veränderung problematischer Handlungen/Vermeidungsreaktionen und bei Verhaltensexperimenten mehr auf die Veränderung problematischer Kognitionen, beide Interventionsvarianten konvergieren aber grundsätzlich hinsichtlich des übenden Ansatzes, bei dem durch häufige Wiederholung im Alltag positive Kontrasterfahrungen stabil im Gedächtnis verankert werden sollen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is the presentation of an experience of editing work from a corpus of audiovisual archives of amateur's videos around the Tunisian revolution (December 17, 2010 - January 14, 2011). It was a question of producing from these archives 10 videos lasting between 3 and 5 minutes for the needs of an exhibition on the subject "Before the 14th - Tunisian Instant" which took place at the same time at the Bardo Museum in Tunis and MUCEM in Marseille. The article reports on the stages of this work, which lasted 12 months, and in particular the questions it raised, of a technical, ethical and political nature. It is particularly about highlighting the issues of the use of archives for the restitution of a political event as well as the influence of the present context on this restitution. Questions of relationships to the anonymous authors of these images, research into their motivations as filmmakers in order to account for them during editing and the challenge of reproducing their story as closely as possible to their intentions is also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: In patients with pacemakers, their exposure is often mortal, as there are already patients whose general condition is impaired. In our study, by focusing on our different recommendations and exposition formation mechanisms in case of a need for re-operation when exposition and necrosis in the skin flap is observed in 8 patients who were fitted with cardiac pacemakers due to being dependent on batteries, we shared what could be done in order to prevent it from happening from the beginning. Materials and Methods: Exposed batteries and connections of 8 patients who had admitted due to pacemaker exposition between January 2015- March 2017 were carefully dissected and removed. The generator and leads were replaced with new ones and carried by opening a new subpectoral pocket on the opposite side by creating a subcutaneaus tunnel on the sternum. The area on the left side where the skin flap with development of necrosis was located was debrided. It was reconstructed with fasciocutaneous flap. Results: All patients were successfully treated. No complications were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion: In cases where large necrosis develops at the pacemaker exposition and on the skin island, it is an effective treatment method to replace the battery with all its connections due to the biofilm layer formed on it with extracardiac lead and to place it in a new subpectoral pocket opened on the other side by tunnelizing. Since exposition is seen mostly in patients with thin subcutaneous fat tissue, pressure can be mechanically prevented by also involving muscle from the beginning or by placing in deeper tissue. Technically, the greatest advantage of the method that we recommend is that it can be done under local anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution and road traffic noise are two important environmental nuisances that could be harmful to the health and well-being of urban populations. In Mexico City, as in many North American cities, there has been an upsurge in bicycle ridership. However, Mexico City is also well known for having high levels of noise and air pollution. The purpose of this study is threefold: 1) evaluate cyclists’ exposure to air pollution (nitrogen dioxide) and road traffic noise; 2) identify local factors that increase or reduce cyclists’ exposure, in paying particular attention to the type of road and bicycle path or lane used; and 3) evaluate the influence of real-time traffic density on cyclists’ exposure. A total of 19 bicycle trips made in central Mexico City neighbourhoods were analyzed, representing nearly 11 hours and 137 km. The results of the Bayesian models show that type of road and bicycle infrastructure taken by the cyclist, and proximity to a main artery all have significant impacts on exposure levels. Finally, the variables introduced to control for the traffic encountered by cyclists had a significant positive effect on noise exposure, and a positive but not significant effect on nitrogen dioxide exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a qualitative investigation into the many ways in which exposition mediates exclusive knowledge about copyright and copyleft to lay-people and (semi-)experts with different profiles, needs and goals, in different user situations. The analysis moves from objective exposition in the copyright article of the Oxford Dictionary of Law, primarily intended for inclusion and knowledge transfer, to institutional and non-institutional webpages at the front end of Google search listings (pages from GOV.uk, Techopedia, MakeUseOf, the GNU Project). While highly ranking online pages are generally held to be objective, credible and authoritative sources of knowledge, non-professional online dictionary articles may depart from lexicographic practice and provide thin if incorrect content (e.g. the Techopedia dictionary article). Moreover, the goals of self-promotion and persuasion may frame expository content, which may communicate the ideology shared by author and principal organization, and therefore take on a significant argumentative dimension (e.g. the GNU's page What is Copyleft). Another point concerns the ability to reach out to the lay-person in new genres and media: the analysis suggests that popularization strategies and usability principles interact in diverse ways and to different extents in (multitype) expository texts written for online communication, on pages which benefit from dilution of information and recourse to expandable content down or outside the sitemap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cushing's syndrome is caused by prolonged exposition supraphysiological to endogenous or exogenous cortisol. Ectopic production of adrenocorticotropic hormone by lung carcinoid tumors is relatively rare. Most documented cases have been reported individually. This rare neoplasm low grade that may secrete adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) leading to rapid development of hypercortisolism which is the main mode of discovery, can be a real aggressive form. This report shows a high aggressiveness of this endocrine neoplasia, which was marked on the general, morphological, bone and psychiatric level. The trivialization of clinical signs had caused the delay in diagnosis with irreparable bone consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banat is a region from South-West Romania that is geomorphologically characterised by the repartition of form reliefs. The form reliefs from this area succeed each other in levels starting from East to West as such: low plain, high plain, hills and mountains. This region is characterised by low mountains that were formed by the presence of karst. From a geologic point of view, Banatului Mountains belong to the largest and most compact surface of chalky, carbonic rocks from Romania, Reşiţa-Moldova Nouă area. Data from plot descriptions present in forest management plans can be used in studying a territory's geomorphology as they present detailed particularities for certain surfaces occupied by stands. The purpose of this present paper is to study the geomorphology of Banatului Mountains with the help of data from forest management plans realized for forests located in this region. The data that were taken into consideration were: altitude, relief category, field configuration, slope and exposition. The total surface occupied by national forests from Banatului Mountains is of 482.387 ha. Amongst them, the majority are situated at altitudes between 500 and 600 meters. The slope (with a significant percentage of undefined slopes) is the main form relief from Banatului Mountains. Field configuration in the forest area is mainly sinuous, occupying 6% of this area, while kneading fields occupy only 1%. Field inclination presents an increased growth from plain fields up to those with a 30g slope. The most accentuated slopes are registered by Baile Herculane (70g), Sasca Montana, Bozvici, Resita and Baile Herculane (60g). A reduced percentage was observed for fields with very low slopes (2%) or very high (5%), while fields with slopes between 20g and 40g have recorded significant percentages (80%). The entire Banatului Mountains chain is characterized by a relatively uniform repartition of stands based on the exposition, with a lower percentage of fields with East and West expositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its appearance in the early 1980s, the notion of "sound art" has struggled to find a stable definition. The vagueness of this term has not prevented it from often being used in the visual arts, where it highlights the dominant role of sound in the creation of certain works of art. This article addresses the inherent issues surrounding this notion by looking at two major exhibitions associated with the emergence of the term "sound art": Für Augen und Ohren: Objekte, Installationen, Performance [Berlin] and Écouter par les yeux: objets et environnements sonores [Paris]. My focus is on the discussions that followed these exhibitions, wherein it became possible to move beyond sound objects and into the realm of different ways of listening, within the visual arts themselves. This leads me to gauge the theoretical and practical effects of this paradigm shift, and to look at its aesthetic and political consequences. From this standpoint, it is important to open this inquiry to include the history of sound techniques, studied notably in the field of Sound Studies, as well as the relationships between listening and action, which has been analyzed in ethology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of smart forest is rather recent, being adapted from the climate smart agriculture concept, which has appeared in 2010. The forest situated in this category should fulfill the following criteria: increased income and productivity, improved resilience and reduces greenhouse gases. In addition, climate-smart forestry in mountain regions tries to situate forests from the mountain area based on their adaptation towards climatic changes, carbon stocks, biodiversity or other synthetic indices. The present article tries for the first time the framing of alder forests from the Southern Carpathian Mountains based on 16 indices regarding their site and stand characteristics. Alder stands from this area are generally located on plain fields, at low altitudes and on average or superior bonity stations. However, only 3.6% of them can be situated in the smart forest category. These stands are indicated on humid and rich soils, while their exploitation should be realized when they reach an age of 60-70 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on a new form of mediatization of testimonials. The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center (Skokie, United States) offers a "holographic theater" in which a surviving Holocaust witness can be interviewed. In this theater, everything happens as if the Great Witness were there in person, interviewed by a facilitator to answer questions from visitors. But the Great Witness is not there, only a recorded holographic projection appears with which visitors can converse. How can a program and an algorithm replace a human presence? Interviews with visitors are carried out in stimulated recall and allow us to understand the dynamics of an exceptional experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that English regular past-tense forms are difficult to perceive, yet perception studies to date have used experimentally manipulated input, and none has investigated how contextual cues, beyond temporal adverbials, affect the perception of the regular past. This study investigated whether second language (L2) learners and native (L1) speakers of English perceive regular past –ed in naturalistic input, whether phonological context (salient [әd] vs. non-salient [t, d]) affects perception, and whether language exposure and use are related to increased confidence or perceptual accuracy. Eleven L1 speakers and 28 L2 learners (14 intermediate, 14 advanced) watched 64 clips from television sitcoms (containing 32 regular past and 32 base forms), indicated whether they heard –ed or no ending, and rated their confidence on an 8-point Likert scale. Advanced L2 learners perceived –ed as accurately as L1 speakers, and both groups outperformed intermediate learners. All perceived [әd] more accurately than [t, d]. Confidence increased with proficiency and decreased with phonological difficulty. Learners' perception accuracy correlated with a measure of L2 exposure, and interviews revealed similarities in advanced learners' and L1 speakers' use of discourse cues to interpret tense. Results imply that –ed perception involves integration of multiple contextual cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intensity of electromagnetic pollution is followed by rapid increasing of new telecommunication technologies over the years. In order to prevent enlarged exposed of general population with doses of electromagnetic radiation above allowed for general population, living as well as working environment around antenna systems should be tested. Using sophisticated measurement equipment we measure intensity of electric field emitted from base station located at shopping center in urban zone of the Banja Luka city. Theoretical estimation of exposition was preceded to measurement procedure, resulting in mapping of exposure at different altitude around antenna system. This thorough investigation of electromagnetic pollution will become a part of typical systematic testing of high frequency nonionizing radiation pollution. Tested area, around shopping center, where are located educational institution and sports center is found safe from emitted radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food Craving is a core feature of different eating disorders and is associated with overweight, obesity and pathological eating behavior. The aim of this article is to overview the present state of research on empirically examined interventions to reduce food craving in healthy individuals and people with clinical or subclinical eating disorders. Interventions regarding cognitive regulation strategies, trainings to modify executive functions, food cue exposure, imagery techniques, bio- and neurofeedback as well as mindfulness-based trainings were included. The interventions differed in their effectiveness with regard to the reduction of craving. The results suggest that some of the interventions offer approaches for the treatment of eating disorders, although some limitations and the preliminary nature of the results should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on three case studies of artifacts from 18th century collections preserved in Swiss cultural institutions, I attempt to rethink the use of the word «colonial» before the 19th century, and to apply it to describe collections from the modern period. I attempt to shed light on how these collections could be exhibited to provide critical perspective on these artefacts and the stories they are allowed to tell, in view of the upcoming exhibition entitled Exotic Switzerland? A Global History of the Enlightenment to open in 2020 at the Palais de Rumine in Lausanne. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work serves as a critique to J.S. Mill's observations presented in "On Liberty". In our opinion, Mill failed in not thinking that his own ideas would fall victim to the evils he denounced, being that they became part of a culture that, in considering itself morally superior, didn't make place for a genuine pluralism, resisting change at all costs. Borrowing from philosopher Byung Chul- Han's ideas, we can relate this situation to the collapse of the individual thanks to a fear to "otherness". In the age of sacrifice of liberty for security, we can only expect a reaction to an evergrowing state of vigilance, and we cannot expect it from the world's leading nations. Building on this observations, we conclude that the last chance will be given on the periphery: where the conditions of pluralism and, most importantly, a lack of state capacity to asphyxiate privacy, are a given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Regional Museum in Olomouc started the on-line mode of communication with the visitors in 2020 and 2021. Due to anti-epidemic measures, the exhibition spaces were closed, and so the on-line mode was one of the few possibilities how to remain in contact with the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Berufsbedingte Meniskusschäden wurden als sog. Bergmann-Meniskus 1952 in die Berufskrankheitenliste aufgenommen. Seit 1988 wurde die Berufskrankheit auf alle Berufe erweitert. Exposition und Meniskusschaden müssen vollbeweislich gesichert sein. Es müssen ein belastungskonformes Schadensbild und ein belastungskonformer Verlauf vorliegen. Bei konstant 1000 bis 1200 Verdachtsanzeigen pro Jahr wird etwa ein Fünftel der Fälle anerkannt. Die Höhe der Minderung der Erwerbsfähigkeit (MdE) richtet sich nach den Erfahrungswerten im Schrifttum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article substantiates the relevance of the museumification of Kazakhstan's mounds based on foreign experience. The authors present general information about the Issyk mounds and analyze the theoretical concept of the spatial solution of the museum complex around them. A number of studies devoted to the museumification of the Besshatyr burial mound are considered. The history and specificity of the spatial organization of the Ak-Baur temple intended for funeral rites as well as the modern concept of its museumification are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Berufsbedingte Meniskusschäden wurden als sog. Bergmann-Meniskus 1952 in die Berufskrankheitenliste aufgenommen. Seit 1988 wurde die Berufskrankheit auf alle Berufe erweitert. Exposition und Meniskusschaden müssen vollbeweislich gesichert sein. Es müssen ein belastungskonformes Schadensbild und ein belastungskonformer Verlauf vorliegen. Bei konstant 1000 bis 1200 Verdachtsanzeigen pro Jahr wird etwa ein Fünftel der Fälle anerkannt. Die Höhe der Minderung der Erwerbsfähigkeit (MdE) richtet sich nach den Erfahrungswerten im Schrifttum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This analysis focuses on the evaluation of the exposition of the publications by the colleges and universities of North Kivu for the edition 2014. There has been a proposal for detecting and thinking about the causes and consequences of the feeble rate for purchasing the publications. The opinion poll was sampled for 76 participants, but, there were only 7.9% women. More than a half of the sampled, i.e. 66% were present for three days. They consider that it was a good idea to deal with that exposition and it was a great opportunity to swap their experiences for a self-evaluation. However, it was noted that the budget was not enough for the exposition. Some institutions came bare hands. The majority (94.7%) was interested in the exposition, but only 8% purchased some work of art or other publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To study the bactericidal properties of chlorinated disinfectants to different types of mycobacteria and to make a comparative assessment of the resistance of cultures of microorganisms to their action. Methods. The objects of the research were 16 cultures of different species of mycobacteria from the collection of pathogens of infectious diseases of animals of the National Scientific Center “Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine” (Kharkov). As model disinfectants used drugs “Chlorantoin” and “Biochlor” at different concentrations and exposures. Results. The conducted experiments stated that the resistance of mycobacterium to the same disinfectant varies within the limits of one species. Mycobacterium’s M. scrofulaceum, M. intracellulare, M. fortuitum are the most resistant to the disinfectant “Biochlor” and the culture M. fortuitum is the most resistant to the preparation “Chlorantoin”. Taking into consideration the average statistic indices it was proved, that epizootic isolate of tuberculosis agent M. bovis hows more sizeable resistance to the bactericide action of disinfectors in comparison with referent culture M. bovis strain Vallee. The long-term effect of chlorinated disinfectants on a microbial cell causes irreversible changes not only internal (cytoplasm, nucleoid), but also external (cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane) structures of mycobacteria. The distribution analysis of mycobacterium cultures according to the average indices of their resistance grade to the different solutions of disinfectors action at the fixed exposition, showed that M. scrofulaceum, M. intracellulare, M. fortuitum, M. avium mycobacterium species have the greatest resistance. Conclusions. The resistance of mycobacteria to the same disinfectant varies within one species, which must be taken into account when developing and using antimicrobial agents. The complex approach to the search and application of new disinfectants with the account of dynamics as to bacteria destruction by the action of different disinfectors enables to improve regimes and charts as for the disinfection conduction, its quality in the whole complex of anti-epizootic measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A press photograph taken at the 1922 National Colonial Exposition in Marseille captures Hubert Lyautey, resident general of the French Protectorate of Morocco from 1912 to 1925, departing from his own Moroccan-style imperial tent, pitched in the courtyard of the French protectorate’s pavilion. While it is tempting to understand this image as rather generic colonial propaganda built upon a visual language of Orientalizing tropes, this study argues that Lyautey’s appropriation of elite Moroccan tensile architecture indicates the early French protectorate regime’s larger strategy of exhibiting cultural authority in the service of political legitimacy in colonial Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Europe, in the 19th century, expositions were organised nationally at first as a result of development in trade and increase on production. As of the second half of the 19th century, these expositions were held internatinoally. Ottoman Empire cared to oin this international expositions in Europe in contemplation of promoting of the statae and joined most of the expositions. An idea to open an exposition in the Ottoman Empire was formed in the course of the time because an exposition would be important fort he country's industry and would provide the society to be informed about the production of the industry. In this direction, a board was formed under Mustafa Fazıl Paşa and the exposition was opened in the month of Ramadan in 1863 in Istanbul. While organizing the event, exposition committee benefited from the newspapers and used them effectively. The media organs of the period were also interested in the exposition. The intellectuals wrote about the significance of the exposition and exposition's effects on economy on their collumns, and promoted the participation to event. In this study, Ottoman's first exhibition 1863 Ottoman General Exposition is analyzed through newspapers of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Populus tremuloides Michx. is an iconic tree of the mountains of the western United States. In Utah, it very commonly suffers from white trunk rot caused by Phellinus tremulae (Bondartsev) Bondartsev & P.N.Borisov. The incidence of this disease is affected by tree and site characteristics, but the magnitude of these effects appears to be site-dependent. To minimize harvest wood loss in Utah, we determined the locally important factors that explain the wide variation in the incidence of sporocarps of Phellinus tremulae. To avoid confounding of factors, we utilized a multiple regression approach. We found that while the incidence of Phellinus tremulae sporocarps on quaking aspen was always low at high elevations, it was variable at low elevations. Our logistic regression model indicated that variation in the incidence of sporocarps at low elevations was attributable, in part, to variation in aspect, slope, environmental stress, and tree age and size. Based on these results, we recommend that harvesting at elevations below 2500 m be confined to younger trees or to sites on relatively steep, north-facing slopes. Because of site-dependency, the same general method could be used to establish harvesting criteria in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a modern industrial society, indoor spaces represent a major part of the human environment. Therefore, good indoor air quality is an essential factor for our welfare and health. The chemical composition of indoor air pollutants depend on a complex interaction of different parameters like room temperature, humidity, ventilation, source strength and living behavior. The reliable assessment of human exposure to indoor pollutants requires a detailed understanding of the relevant contaminants, their sources, physical and chemical properties, dynamics, interaction and chemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of the German Museum of Books and Writing is to collect, exhibit, and process evidence of book and media history. The main focus of the museum's work is on the book and its myriad aspects, even after the transition to the era of digital networks. It is a museum which acts as an academic documentation centre for book and media history. But it is also an inviting and vibrant place of cultural education, aimed at bringing culture to a wider audience and attracting visitors with its exhibitions and educational programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]