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Skin aging has long been considered a purely cosmetic problem. However, as life expectancy increases, skin aging is taking on a functional dimension that goes beyond cosmetics and appearance. Preventive or therapeutic strategies are needed to target cellular senescence, a key process underlying the alterations in skin function and appearance that occur with aging, as well as to address the age‐related skin changes associated with 'dermatoporosis' and chronic skin insufficiency/fragility syndrome. Thus, given the need for effective anti‐aging products that improve both the appearance and function of the skin, it is essential to distinguish active ingredients that have been proven to be effective, among the large number of available over‐the‐counter cosmeceuticals. This brief review focuses on a core group of topical actives, describing their clinical effects on senescence and aging, and their molecular mechanisms of action. These actives include hyaluronic acid, which has hydrating and viscoelastic properties and has been shown to reduce skin atrophy; retinaldehyde, which activates retinoid receptors and increases cutaneous elasticity; vitamins C and E, which provide stable oxidative protection; and niacinamide, which reduces inflammation and mitigates the effects of senescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the issues of skin aging and photoaging, which not only affect the appearance of the skin but also its function and susceptibility to disease, as well as mental health and well-being. The article highlights the advances in aging and photoaging research, which have led to the development of more sophisticated anti-aging treatments that target cellular processes to improve skin function and appearance. The article also emphasizes the importance of evidence-based approaches and individualized treatments to ensure patient safety and meet patient needs. The article summarizes the highlights from meetings on anti-aging treatments and provides reviews on topics such as cellular senescence, topical active ingredients, multilevel anti-aging strategies, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anti-aging trends. The overall message is that interventions targeting cellular aging and senescence, along with preventative measures and holistic approaches, can improve skin health and well-being. [Extracted from the article]

The absence of specific histological or serological markers, the gaps in understanding the aetiology and pathophysiology of rosacea, and the broad diversity in its clinical manifestations has made it difficult to reach international consensus on therapy guidelines. The main objective was to highlight the global diversity in current thinking about rosacea pathophysiology, classification and medical features, under particular consideration of the relevance of the findings to optimization of therapy. The article presents findings, proposals and conclusions reached by the ROSacea International Expert group (ROSIE), comprising European and US rosacea experts. New findings on pathogenesis provide a rationale for the development of novel therapies. Thus, recent findings suggest a central role of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin and its activator kallikrein-5 by eliciting an exacerbated response of the innate immune system. Cathelicidin/kallikrein-5 also provide a rationale for the effect of tetracyclines and azelaic acid against rosacea. Clinically, the ROSIE group emphasized the need for a comprehensive therapy strategy - the triad of rosacea care - that integrates patient education including psychological and social aspects, skin care with dermo-cosmetics as well as drug- and physical therapies. Classification of rosacea into stages or subgroups, with or without progression, remained controversial. However, the ROSIE group proposed that therapy decision making should be in accordance with a treatment algorithm based on the signs and symptoms of rosacea rather than on a prior classification. The ROSIE group reviewed rosacea pathophysiology and medical features and the impact on patients and treatment options. The group suggested a rational, evidence-based approach to treatment for the various symptoms of the condition. In daily practice this approach might be more easily handled than prior subtype classification, in particular since patients often may show clinical features of more than one subtype at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Combination therapy utilizing agents with complementary mechanisms of action is recommended by acne guidelines to help simultaneously target multiple pathogenic factors. A unique, topical, fixed-dose combination gel with adapalene 0·1% and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 2·5% has recently been developed for the once-daily treatment of acne. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adapalene 0·1%–BPO 2·5% fixed-dose combination gel (adapalene–BPO) relative to adapalene 0·1% monotherapy (adapalene), BPO 2·5% monotherapy (BPO), and the gel vehicle (vehicle) in a large population for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods In total, 1670 subjects were randomized in a double-blind controlled trial to receive adapalene–BPO, adapalene, BPO or vehicle for 12 weeks (1 : 1 : 1 : 1 randomization). Evaluations included success rate (subjects ‘clear’ or ‘almost clear’), percentage change in lesion count from baseline, cutaneous tolerability and adverse events. Results Adapalene–BPO was significantly more effective than corresponding monotherapies, with significant differences in percentage lesion count change observed as early as 1 week. Cutaneous tolerability profile was similar to adapalene. Adverse events were more frequent with the combination therapy (mainly due to an increase in mild-to-moderate dry skin), occurred early in the study, and were transient. Conclusions Adapalene–BPO provides significantly greater and synergistic efficacy and a faster onset of action with an acceptable safety profile in the treatment of acne vulgaris when compared with the corresponding vehicle and the adapalene and BPO monotherapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: The phase III reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 (NCT01722331/NCT01729754) trials of the anti‐interleukin‐23p19 monoclonal antibody tildrakizumab (TIL) for psoriasis treatment are complete. Objectives: We present 5‐year pooled data from reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2. Methods: reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 were double‐blind, randomized, controlled studies with optional long‐term extensions. Adults with moderate‐to‐severe chronic plaque psoriasis were randomized 2 : 2 : 1 to TIL 100 mg (TIL 100) or 200 mg (TIL 200) or placebo at weeks 0 and 4, and every 12 weeks thereafter [reSURFACE 2 included an etanercept (ETN) arm]. Efficacy outcomes included proportions of patients achieving absolute and relative improvement from baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score through week 244 in TIL responders (≥ 75% improvement from baseline PASI; PASI 75 response) continuously receiving the same dose and ETN partial responders and nonresponders (PASI < 75 response) switched to TIL 200 at week 28. Safety was assessed from adverse events (AEs) in all patients as treated. Results: Efficacy analyses included 329 and 227 week 28 responders to TIL 100 and TIL 200, respectively, and 121 ETN partial responders/nonresponders switched to TIL 200 at week 28. Of TIL 100 or TIL 200 responders and ETN partial responders/nonresponders entering the extensions, 235/302, 176/213 and 85/107, respectively, were evaluated at week 244, and 88·7%, 92·5% and 81·3%, respectively, achieved PASI 75 response. Exposure‐adjusted rates of serious AEs were 6·3 and 6·0 patients with events per 100 patient‐years of TIL 100 and TIL 200, respectively. Conclusions: TIL treatment provided sustained disease control over 5 years in week 28 TIL responders and ETN partial responders/nonresponders, with a reassuring safety profile. What's already known about this topic? Tildrakizumab (TIL) is approved for treatment of moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis, and 3‐year data have been previously published.Long‐term efficacy and safety data of biological therapies is crucial to inform clinical practice. What does this study add? TIL is the first anti‐interleukin‐23p19 treatment for which 5‐year efficacy and safety data are reported from two phase III studies, reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2.These data provide evidence of sustained efficacy in TIL responders and in patients switched from etanercept to TIL at week 28, and a favourable long‐term safety profile with total TIL exposure of over 5400 patient‐years. Linked Comment: C.G. Purvis et al. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:242–243. Plain language summary available online [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Treatment for both facial and truncal acne has not sufficiently been studied. Objectives: To evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of trifarotene in both facial and truncal acne. Methods: In a multicentre, open‐label, 52‐week study, patients with moderate facial and truncal acne received trifarotene 50 μg/g cream (trifarotene). Assessments included local tolerability, safety, investigator and physician's global assessments (IGA, PGA) and quality of life (QOL). A validated QOL questionnaire was completed by the patient at Baseline, Week 12, 26 and 52/ET. Results: Of 453 patients enrolled, 342 (75.5%) completed the study. Trifarotene‐related treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 12.6% of patients, and none was serious. Most related TEAEs were cutaneous and occurred during the first 3 months. Signs and symptoms of local tolerability were mostly mild or moderate and severe signs, and symptoms were reported for 2.2% to 7.1% of patients for the face and 2.5% to 5.4% for the trunk. Local irritation increased during the first week of treatment on the face and up to Weeks 2 to 4 on the trunk with both decreasing thereafter. At Week 12, IGA and PGA success rates were 26.6% and 38.6%, respectively. Success rates increased to 65.1% and 66.9%, respectively at Week 52. Overall success (both IGA and PGA success in the same patient) was 57.9% at Week 52. At Week 52 visit, 92/171 (53.8%) patients who had completed their assessments had scores from 0 to 1 (i.e. no effect of acne on their QOL) vs. 47/208 (22.6%) patients at Baseline visit. Conclusion: In this 52‐week study, trifarotene was safe, well tolerated and effective in moderate facial and truncal acne. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presented in part at the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2000, and at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, December 2000 Assays of moisturizer efficacy have traditionally focused on a moisturizer's ability to alleviate dry skin. More recently, a moisturizer's ability to prevent primary irritation has been recognized. To assess and compare the ability of moisturizers to alleviate skin dryness and primary irritation, as well as prevent their return, four controlled-application clinical ( in vivo) studies were carried out: hand-wash test, regression test, reduction in pre-existing irritation study, and prevention-of-irritation studies. Overall conclusions were confirmed in a home-use clinical (validation) study of people suffering from mild eczema. The controlled in vivo studies demonstrate that: (a) a moisturizer can alleviate skin dryness and irritation, and prevent their return; and (b) the efficacy of different moisturizers can be differentiated, based on their composition. The home-use study results demonstrated that the most effective moisturizer identified by the controlled-application studies was highly effective against the signs of eczema. In vivo modelling of moisturizer efficacy enables assessment and optimization of different benefits separately, while predicting the quantitative and perceived (observed) relevance of the benefits the moisturizer delivers to consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]