1. Development of postural control in infancy in cerebral palsy and cystic periventricular leukomalacia.
- Author
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Boxum, Anke G., Dijkstra, Linze-Jaap, la Bastide-van Gemert, Sacha, Hamer, Elisa G., Hielkema, Tjitske, Reinders-Messelink, Heleen A., and Hadders-Algra, Mijna
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PERIVENTRICULAR leukomalacia , *CEREBRAL palsy , *INFANTS , *POSTURE disorders , *ELECTROMYOGRAPHY , *BRAIN diseases , *CHILD development , *POSTURAL balance , *LONGITUDINAL method , *REGRESSION analysis , *RELATIVE medical risk , *SKELETAL muscle - Abstract
Background: Development of postural problems in Cerebral Palsy (CP) is largely unknown. Postural muscle activity is organized into two levels: 1) direction-specificity; 2) fine-tuning of direction-specific activity.Aim: To study development of postural control until 21 months corrected age in subgroups of infants at very high-risk (VHR) of CP: a) with and without CP at 21 months; b) with and without cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL), the brain lesion with highest risk of CP.Methods and Procedures: Longitudinal electromyography recordings of postural muscles during reaching were made in 38 VHR-infants (severe brain lesion or clear neurological signs) between 4.7 and 22.6 months (18 CP, of which 8 with cPVL). Developmental trajectories were calculated using linear mixed effect models.Outcomes and Results: VHR-infants with and without CP showed virtually similar postural development throughout infancy. The subgroup of VHR-infants with cPVL improved performance in direction-specificity with increasing age, while they performed throughout infancy worse in fine-tuning of postural adjustments than infants without cPVL.Conclusions and Implications: VHR-infants with and without CP have a similar postural development that differs from published trajectories of typically developing infants. Infants with cPVL present from early age onwards dysfunctions in fine-tuning of postural adjustments; they focus on direction-specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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