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After the 1988 Constitution, Brazil experienced changes in fiscal federalism, decentralizing revenues to states and municipalities, but the restrictive federal fiscal scenario limited this. Law 9,478/97 increased royalty revenues for coastal municipalities in São Paulo, boosting investments in infrastructure and public services, which should be directed towards investments that consider the potential of each municipality. To conduct this study, we used exploratory research of a qualitative nature, with a bibliographic and documentary design. This study investigates the impact of these resources on tax revenues and economic development in the municipalities of São Sebastião and Ilhabela, concluding that, although they have boosted investments and public services, the lack of strategic direction could compromise the economic future of these regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the concept of "high-quality" economic development, as the new strategy adopted by China to reconcile economic growth and environmental sustainability. It will be argued that it is not possible to understand the prospects for the development of the Chinese economy without considering the institutional framework of State action and the conduct of macroeconomic policy - which allows us to define China as a developmental state. In addition, the main goals and achievements of China in regard to energetic transition will be presented. In this paper, China is taken as a successful example from which Brazil could draw lessons for its own development strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most significant challenges facing society is the development of effective mechanisms that can ensure the security of citizens while facilitating comprehensive economic and social advancement. This study identifies the commercial areas of Bogotá, Colombia, which are critical points in terms of security, and proposes a strategic allocation of police resources in order to optimise their coverage and response times. The methodological process was executed in accordance with the guidelines set forth in the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining. Geospatial analysis techniques were employed, including the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to identify commercial zones and the graph theory to model the security network. Additionally, data from the Special Administrative Unit of Land Registry and the locations of National Police stations and precincts were utilised. The results demonstrate the identification of 241 commercial zones in Bogotá and propose a strategic allocation of police resources based on degree centrality and a stable matching algorithm. The integration of related techniques allowed for the generation of an innovative approach that combines the accurate identification of critical commercial zones with a data-driven optimisation of police resources. This not only increases the understanding of security dynamics in urban commercial areas, but also provides a robust public safety decision-making tool for the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the applicability of economic policies and other developmentalist governmental actions to financialized economies. It mobilizes the theoretical-methodological regulationist principles for a historical and institutional macro-analysis. After a brief review of the concepts of the Regulation School, including the "economic policy regime" (Théret, 1992; Lordon, 2002; Boyer, 2015), the Brazilian case is analyzed as a remarkable example of institutional compatibility with rentier-financial accumulation to the detriment of the accumulation of productive fixed capital. Several indicators of this case are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The population increase and expansion and speed of economic activities, combined with rapid urbanization, are reasons for a change in consumption patterns and the growing and accelerated generation of urban solid waste in the world, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. Knowing this evolutionary process, systematizing qualitative and quantitative data and, mainly, evaluating its paradigms, are essential for sustainable, creative and innovative territorial development. This aspect will allow sustainability, both for post-industrialized countries and those in the industrialization phase, to pave the way for economic and environmentally sustainable management. Thus, the present work sought to explain the evolutionary aspects related to the foundations, concepts and paradigms linked to the theory of territorial development. To this end, the methodology included a theoretical, prospective and multidisciplinary study that permeates elements of the conceptual evolutionary process, followed by a critical and propositional analysis. The structure resulting from this study included the analysis of territorial development in the evolutionary context of humanity's characteristics, from its emergence in the prehistoric period, economic, social and environmental effects arising from the industrial revolution, to the emergence of the theme of sustainability, creativity and innovation. The results, in addition to the synthesis of historical evolution in the context of territorial development, demonstrate the updating of concepts, foundations and the proposition of new paradigms to support strategic planning focused on the economic, sustainable, creative and innovative development of different territories. Thus, the bibliographical survey and analysis made it possible to present analysis tools for territorial development in a systemic, transversal and multidisciplinary view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the role of natural gas in the urban-industrial formation of the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina and its association with the regional development process of thissub-national unit. Geographer Armen Mamigonian'stheory supports the study, which uses bibliographical and documentary research as well as an empirical approach to the subject of natural gas. The results show that the current situation of natural gas in Santa Catarina is the result of its consumption in the thermo-intensive manufacturing sector, making it another instrument that strengthens the concentration of production on Santa Catarina's Atlantic coast. Natural gas therefore has dual and contradictory characteristics, as its supply contributes to the process of socio-spatial development but reinforces regional inequality as it is not available in other regions of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazilian Fiscal Federalism makes intensive use of mechanisms of interjurisdictional transfers as strategies to combat poverty and regional differences, even while recognizing that, if poorly conceived, they can generate or aggravate existing regional demands and create externalities that affect the behavior of economic development of the recipients' governments. In this sense, this paper aims to assess the effect of intergovernmental transfers from the State Participation Fund (FPE) on the economic development of Brazilian states. To this end, we employed spatial panel data models for the 27 Brazilian federative units from 1997 to 2016. The results show that when spatial dependence is controlled, the spatially lagged FPE has a negative effect on the GDP per capita of the states. This indicates that the criteria for determining the fund transfers must be expanded, considering other factors besides the sole equalization of horizontal imbalances between states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New Developmentalism doctrine defends the central role played by a competitive real exchange rate in promoting catch-up in developing economies. Recently, this theory has been questioned by critics; the main criticism has been that an outward growth strategy based on a competitive real exchange rate would harm income/real wage distribution and have a negative effect on the economy. This study discusses how the real exchange rate influences growth in light of the new developmentalist doctrine and the contrasting experiences of Asian and Latin American countries. Its main contribution is to document the influence of the real exchange rate on economic performance, specifically through certain transmission channels. The article's findings suggest that a competitive RER is an important aspect in a country's growth path, insofar as it favors profits, capital accumulation, net exports, and gains in social capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Latin American Integration Route (RILA) is a proposal for regional development based on the economic, political, and social integration of Latin American countries. Its objective is to better develop the interaction between countries and the utilization of regional resources and opportunities, aiming at strengthening economic and social development. Integration Law is the field of International and Community Law responsible for governing relations between countries during the implementation of regional integration. It encompasses the norms and principles regulating the commercial, political, cultural, and social relations among the member countries of RILA. In this context, the main goal of this article is to present conceptual aspects of Integration Law and Harmonization of Law, and to reflect on their roles within the context of Latin American integration. The current text is a qualitative approach and bibliographical research, drawing from thinkers that bring the Integration Law and Harmonization of Law scheme to the regional economic integration scenario. It comes to the conclusion that International Law is fundamental to the maintenance and economic integration of the member countries of MERCOSUL, since it creates norms and principles by which the members of this bloc (nations and civil society) can guide themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this paper was to analyze the bidirectional relationship between financial development and economic growth for a dataset of Latin American and Asian developing countries between 2001 and 2019. Method: This research employed an empirical approach to analyze the statistical relationship between financial development and economic growth, by presenting an estimation of a system of simultaneous equations for a panel of Asian and Latin American countries using 3SLS. Main Results: The results presented in this research provided evidence that financial development does not appear to have a significant impact on economic growth, although growth appears to have a significant and positive influence on financial development. Moreover, the results also suggested that regulatory quality and domestic credit directed to the private sector have a positive effect on economic growth, while urbanization and education showed a negative influence on growth. The estimated model also indicated that urbanization has a positive influence on financial development while foreign direct investment presented a negative effect on the development of the financial sector. Relevance / Originality: Most of the research agenda on the topic of finance and growth has focused on identifying correlation or causality between these variables, with little attention given to the simultaneous relationship between them. This is still a clear gap in economic literature. Following this premise, the objective of this paper was to analyze the bidirectional relationship between financial development and growth by estimating a system of simultaneous equations using the Zellner and Theil’s (1962) 3SLS methodology. In this sense, the main contribution will be given empirically, based on data and analysis from emerging countries in Latin America and Asia. The fact that financial development has an influence on growth and growth plays a role on the development of the financial sector indicates a simultaneous relationship between these variables. Another relevant contribution is to update the debate on financial systems and economic development for emerging countries, highlighting institutional aspects and financial cycles. Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: The main contribution of this study is in the empirical strategy, whose results dialogue with part of the literature on the financial system and development presented along the text. That is, this research explored the statistical relationship between economic development and financial development for a sample composed by twenty-two Asian and Latin American emerging countries, using a simultaneous equations model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperativism as a socioeconomic model, with its organizations, increasingly has the potential to influence the needs of communities, especially in the Latin American region. In Ecuador, the presence of cooperatives in the savings and credit sector is notorious from the economic and financial point of view, however, the evidence that the social component is not handled at the same level, based on previous studies, constitutes the main background for the development of this work that shows an analytical and systemic reflection on the matter. An analysis of the situation of the national cooperative sector was carried out to reinforce the role of cooperatives as socioeconomic enterprises with extraordinary capacities to achieve the change to which families, communities and the nation aspire. The research developed is of a theoretical and analytical nature. A systemic analysis was obtained with certain recommendations in relation to overcoming the problems present in Ecuadorian savings and credit cooperatives, with a view to integrally managing the social and economic components, a fundamental premise for achieving the results expected from their activity at the local and national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article will be to show how the Brazilian manganese exploration contracts in Amapá between 1946 and 1954 signed with the mining company Icomi were an instrument of capital appreciation on an international scale, since a significant part of the income was compromised in external agreements with Bethlehem Steel and the Eximbank. Methodologically, we will read the main issues in the specific legislation that involved the manganese exploration contracts in Amapá and their effects, dialoguing with the studies that analyzed this institutional framework. The main institutional regimes researched are: i)- Decree-Law n° 5.812 (09/13/1943) creating the territory of Amapá; ii)- Decree-Law No. 9,858 (09/13/1946) creating the national manganese reserve in Amapá; iii)- Decree No. 24,156 (12/04/1947) which governed the contract signed with Icomi for manganese exploration; iv)- Decree No. 28,162 (05/31/1950) revising the contract with Icomi; v)- Law No. 1,235 (11/14/1950) which established the guarantee of the National Treasury for a loan to be contracted by Icomi abroad; vi)- and, lastly, Ordinance No. 247 (04/29/1953) which allowed the amendment to the lease agreement of manganese ore deposits in Serra do Navio - Amapá. After making a detailed investigation of the exploration contracts, the article concludes that the extraction of manganese in Amapá was a true model of enclave economy, in which a large part of the income generated by the enterprise did not radiate throughout the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: the objective of this research is to measure the conditions of "decent work" for three of the main cities of Colombia (Bogota, Medellin, and Bucaramanga) during the period 2018-2020. Methodology: The different dimensions proposed by the ILO are used in reference to the necessary conditions that decent work must provide. The calculation and analysis of the behavior of the variables under study is based on information from the Great Integrated Household Survey (GIHS)) prepared by DANE. Results: According to indicators of income and employment, the results show an increase in the three cities' labor precarity. By city, Bogota has the best performance in terms of access to employment and social dialogue; Medellin best performs in terms of social security and job security; while Bucaramanga shows deficiencies in the four areas analyzed for the period under study. Conclusions: the main conclusion is that, in 2020, the year of the confinement decreed by the national government to face the COVID-19 pandemic, labor precariousness conditions increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presidential and plenitpotentiaries's diplomacy has made efforts for the South American integration process since the Brazilian redemocratization, that resulted in the created of Mercosur and Unasur. This article analyzes the Brazilian diplomatic trajectory in the South American integration, in order to understand geopolitics in the contexts of globalization, how these Blocs were created and the changes occurred in the Brazilian Growth Domestic Product (GDP) and in the Human Development Index (HDI) between 1991 and 2010. The research has showed the efforts of the Brazilian diplomacy during the sub-regional integration process. The hypothetic-deductive method has offered means to analyze the research object and to formulate a conjecture capable to respond to the due problem, that is, how have the South American integration and the Brazilian economic openness assisted the Brazilian economic development between 1991 and 2010? The authors have concluded that the South American integration and the Brazilian economic openness to the international market were important for the economic development of the country, because the intensification of trade exchange between Brazil and the States of the region resulted in the Brazilian GDP and HDI increase in the period (1991-2010). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To a large part, Latin American economic thought is rooted in the view that the State should be the engine of economic development. The theory developed by the Latin American Structuralist School supports this view. ECLAC, a United Nations development commission, is the bastion of the policy agenda branch of structuralism. Despite their central role in Latin American economic policies, structuralist ideas have hardly been discussed. We trace the historical origins of this school and use the theoretical standpoint of the Austrian School of Economics to talk about its views and mistakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to revisit and systematize the concepts of Economic Development and Developmentalism. The hypothesis raised by the research is that due to the historical-social procedurality of Economic Sciences, the terms Economic Development and Developmentalism can be categorized differently by epistemological and didactic option nowadays. The article opted to perform a bibliographic study. The methodological procedures for selecting the references were bibliographic research focused on the authors with historical, concrete and inductive analysis of the economy and the phenomenon of economic development. The results obtained are that the terms Economic Development and Developmentalism can be categorized differently, one as a concept used by several schools of economic thought; other as a School of Economic Thought, which has four theoretical currents (Classical Developmentalism, Social Developmentalism, New Developmentalism, Socialist Market Developmentalism). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural aspects have been emphasized due to new attributes and interrelationships with the development of different regions. Based on this finding, the article aims to present a new index of rural development. For this purpose, the selected analytical method was factor analysis with data from the 2006 Agricultural Census. Despite the time lag in the data, the results indicated consistent references to explain rural development, as explained below. The contribution and differentials stem from the set of variables that make up the proposed index, which represents the particularities of the economic development dimensions (economic, environmental, social, and demographic) related to rurality. Secondly, they derive from producing the rurality economic development index, based on all Brazilian municipalities and composed of a set of 9 factors, capable of measuring and categorizing the level of economic development of rural areas in municipalities and large Brazilian regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banco da Amazônia S.A. (BASA) was created in 1942 to meet the demand for rubber in the World War II and nowadays it is the main development agent in northern region of Brazil. Over the years, it has expanded from a single product to an inducer of socioeconomic development, by diversifying the Amazon's productive base in a sustainable way. This article intends to show the role of BASA as a financial agent, its main practices and the impact of its financing to promote the development of the Amazon region. To achieve this objective, data were extracted from the FNO's (acronym for North Constitutional Regional Fund) Financing Program Application Plan for the year 2022; Detailed Report on the activities developed and the results obtained for the year 2020; Results and Impacts Report for the year 2021; and Integrated Annual and Sustainability Report for the year 2021." Besides providing funds to regional production activities, the Bank aims to raise the awareness of agents in the productive sectors of the Amazon region, by showing that investing in ecologically sustainable items and cleaner production processes is no longer a luxury, but inherent to business in order to preserve the environment while increase its profits. By reducing negative impacts on the planet, companies create new markets and add value to their brand and products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the economic development model implemented in Brazil during the Workers' Party administration, based on the analysis of Government Programs, Multi-Year Plans and budgets, and in the light of the reflections of authors such as Bresser Pereira, Marcio Pochmann, Armando Boito Jr., who have characterized this model as new developmentalist or social developmentalist. Documentary analysis, secondary data, and semi-directed interviews were used. The analysis shows a mismatch between government programs, which promised alternative development models to the current pattern of accumulation, and budget execution, which mainly benefited hegemonic economic groups in agribusiness, commerce, services, construction and some industrial sectors. It was found that, despite incorporating social inclusion as a pillar, through policies that favored income distribution among the working classes, this development model maintained the logic of accumulation of hegemonic sectors of capital, to the detriment of an economy aimed at meeting the needs of the population as a whole, capable of reversing the situation of structural inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the entrepreneurship research activity that uses the institutional approach as a conceptual framework in the specific context of Latin America. To do so, a semi-systematic literature review is conducted using 24 articles published between 2009 and 2021 in major entrepreneurship journals. The results show that institutional conditions significantly shape entrepreneurial dynamics. The review highlights a two-way relationship between formal and informal institutions that can either drive or hinder ventures. Policymakers should thus prioritize a comprehensive institutional approach to enhance entrepreneurial growth and boost regional prosperity. This is the first review of entrepreneurship research from the institutional approach in the Latin American context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the role of science in a possible progressive government, a document from the campaign of Gustavo Petro and Francia Márquez was used. The evaluation ended in a failed debate in which both parties shared the erroneous idea of a hegemonic science, western or ancestral. This article shows that the appropriate text to evaluate the role of the sciences is the Development Plan of the current government. The dynamic interaction between complex systems, climate change science, environmental sciences, city science -or land use planning- and complexity economics underpins the architecture of the Plan and its strategic objectives and projects. No Colombian government has ever taken the sciences so seriously in the design of its basic roadmap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- This study was designed to present how urban planning is associated with, and explain psychological well-being, health, time use, education, cultural diversity and resilience, community vitality, good governance, ecological diversity, resilience, and living standards. We used Gross National Happiness Index (GNH) as theoretical background. Design/methodology/approach -- Quantitative and explanatory research was conducted and operationalized through a survey of 212 citizens. We used data from a mid-sized city, inner Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Findings -- The linear regression showed that urban planning predicts happiness and well-being. More specifically, urban planning impacts more time use perception; community vitality; ecological diversity and resilience; and most important, living standards. Research implications -- we found that urban planning impacts more on the variables that are directly related to the environment, explained by the pillars of sustainable socio-economic development and environmental conservation. The individual and psychological dimensions related to health, culture, and education don't show the same impact, as well as good governance. Originality/value: a potential study to be used by government agencies to act directly in the elaboration of public policies once it is understood that using the GNH can identify specific deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper develops a model in which the relation between the real exchange rate and the real wage, in the context of conflictive income distribution, is made explicit. It is noted that the central bank tries to regulate the distributive relation exchange rate and real wages through the changes in the interest rate. The theoretical point is that, under certain circumstances, a relatively depreciated or high level of the real exchange rate might reduce real wages and have a negative impact on economic growth. The paper also provides some evidence for the Argentine case, and suggests that the Classical Developmentalist elasticity pessimism seems, in the case of Argentina, to be validated. Also, the use of the exchange rate as an instrument to bolster redistribution away from the working class, and to promote investment and growth is also not born in the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last three decades have witnessed important changes in transportation, communication and data processing, with effects over productive processes, trade flows and the international movement of capital. From the viewpoint of developing economies this led to the recommendation of adhering to this process as a tool to foster economic and social development. As for the Brazilian economy, its participation in the process of globalization has been limited so far, except for the movement of capital. Its share in total merchandise trade is low, as is the number of preferential trade agreements. It has not been possible to reduce the “economic distance” towards the high-income economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction of inequalities in its regional dimension is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, in the 2030 Agenda, proposed by the United Nations (UN). By itself, this goal entails the challenge of monitoring local disparities from a metric that may allow the assessment of regional development, with parameters compatible with those used to follow the trajectory of the countries. The present research is part of this perspective, seeking highlighting what has been the performance of the State of Paraná in terms of promoting the well-being of its population. The evaluation was performed using an international database that provides a historical series of the Human Development Index (HDI) for national subunits of 186 countries, for the period 1990/2019. In addition to verifying and qualifying the advances observed in the State during this period, an estimate of the future evolution of the Paraná HDI for the period 2020/2035 is presented, based on an econometric model that includes four indicators (three sub-indices and the HDI). This estimate allowed the identification of the trend trajectory of the HDI in the State, which was analysed and assessed considering the trajectories observed in some selected countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is leading the global change in the energy matrix and mainly Latin America. This change questions the position and leadership of the United States in general and particularly in Latin America. Evidence shows that the United States lags in energy change in technical and institutional terms and is anchored heavily in dirty energy. Evidence also indicates that the US is not allowing China to advance in the region quickly. Power generation from renewable energy sources is rising, with China leading in solar equipment and hydroelectric dams while buying out electric distribution networks from US firms. The consequences for the global economy will be felt on many fronts, from the balance of trade sign change and decreased inflation to currency realignments and power reshuffle as oil prices collapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in the development policies and the international insertion are analyzed. Starting from 1980s crisis and the first neoliberal cycle, its failure and political change by Workers Party administration, the work goes on examining PT’s “neodevelopmentalism” and its aim on changing the country’s role in the international regime. Economic crisis begun in 2014 and proceeded in the coup of 2016 and the return of neoliberalism. The analysis goes on dealing with changing class interests and social forces balance of power making the choice on “neodevelopmentalism” and neoliberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of the study: The aim of this study was to develop a systemic framework to understand the nature and dynamics of technology parks in Brazil and to analyze the mais determinants for evaluating their performance in the settlement process. Relevance/originality: This work is unprecedented for the analysis of the dissemination of technology parks in Brazil, throughout its history, and for the application of multivariate data analysis for performance analysis in the settlement (number of tenant companies). Methodology/approach: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase. Main results: The Simple Correspondence Analysis demonstrated that the two determinants that impact the settlement of technology parks in Brazil are financing and park´s age, confirming the thesis that they are long-term enterprises. Theoretical/methodological contributions: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase. Social/management contributions: The results demonstrate the importance of technology parks in Brazil and the need to maintain public policies in the long term, in order to increase the size of parks, in terms of concentration of new technology-based companies, and attraction of anchor companies, generating jobs and income qualified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of social capital in relationships among producers at the rural district Sete Copas in Indiana SP Brazil, is investigated. Theory on social capital was investigated and a descriptive and qualitative research was undertaken through a semi-structured interview with ten producers of the locality, within the context of family agriculture. Results showed that social capital permeates the interviewed farmers' economic and social relationships. Trust and reciprocity which facilitate relationships and transactions between them are perceived. It has also been observed that sharing of tools and work force causes a decrease in costs and improvement of results. This is due to the high investments which otherwise each would have to make individually. Social capital multiplies resources and leads towards local development, costs reduction, maximization of time and incentive for sharing of knowledge and data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We revisit Max Weber's hypothesis on the role of Protestantism for economic development. We show that nationalism is crucial to both, the interpretation of Weber's Protestant ethic and empirical tests thereof. For late nineteenth-century Prussia, we reject Weber's suggestion that Protestantism mattered due to an "ascetic compulsion to save." Moreover, we find that income levels, savings, and literacy rates differed between Germans and Poles, not between Protestants and Catholics, using pooled MCO and VI regressions. We suggest that this result is due to anti-Polish discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To empirically identify the impact of economic development and its volatility on soft power. Method: Research of an empirical nature with the use of econometric instruments by simple regression and instrumental variables, using data from several sources, especially McClory (2017) and IMF. Main results: It corroborates the idea that countries with greater economic development have more soft power and also that the greater volatility of this development is related to lesser soft power. Relevance and originality: In recent years, the discussion about soft power has grown, especially for emerging countries where hard power is less. But can't the capacity for external influence through soft power be dissociated from the country's own development capacity? This subject is scarcely analyzed in the literature and especially the idea that more volatile countries lead to less soft power is particularly unprecedented. Theoretical contributions: The article brings to light the necessary discussion of the role of economic development in the generation of soft power in different countries. More developed countries would be able to better exploit their soft power capabilities. Social contributions: In times of such profound geopolitical changes with the dispute between China and the United States, it is important to understand that exploiting each country's soft power capital would be facilitated if conditions for domestic economic progress were better anchored. The economic and social development of each country comes before seeking greater soft power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text presents the context of formation and the current conjuncture of the struggle of the Areais da Ribanceira Community (Imbituba, SC) for its historical continuity and maintenance of its presence in the traditional territory. The theoretical framework considered the ideas of territorialization of the field of geography as well as concepts related to traditional peoples and communities. From the methodological point of view the work results from a non-systematic and exploratory observation of the cluster as well as the use of documentary resources and literature review. It is concluded that, in the context of the industrialization of southern Santa Catarina, the difficulties to ensure the continuity of the reproduction of traditional knowledge point to the need for rescue and maintenance of the territory and coexistence in the broader context of the port zone restructuring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the evolution of the FIRJAN Index of Municipal Development (IFDM) based on the theory of circular and cumulative causation and the theory of endogenous growth. The period selected for this analysis was from 2005 to 2016 and this analysis performs two forms of comparison: the first one compared the IFDM index of the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, to the average of the State itself, and the second compared the municipalities to the average of Brazil. The results obtained showed that the dynamics of economic development for the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul was significantly higher than the national dynamics, but it was still not enough to overcome the situation of a vicious circle of poverty in which a considerable number of municipalities are found in 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to shed light on the reasons why Ignacio Rangel's concept of "Projectment Economy" holds great possibilities for research in the field of Chinese economic development. To this objetive, we seek to re-elaborate the concept and enrich with the new determinations and validation criteria that make it up to the scope of the phenomenon underway in China. Issues such as the possibilities of overcoming "Keynesian uncertainty", planning for "creative destruction", monetary sovereignty and the "tacit adhesion pact" will be addressed and taken as categories that support, as an empirical face, the concept of the New Projectment Economy. We conclude by stating that the New Projectment Economy constitutes a superior stage of development of the dominant mode of production internal to the (new) socioeconomic formation that emerged in China as a result of the economic reforms initiated in 1978. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advance of forestry in the Pampa biome has developed as a state political strategy neoliberalist, camouflaged in a proposal of economic development of the region of the Campanha Gaúcha. This article aims to present an overview of silvicultural activities in the municipality of Rosário do Suk, located in the southwest of Rio Grande do Sul. For this, a characterization of the forestry through thematic maps was elaborated. The construction of land use maps and their respective analyzes occurred from the use of LANDSAT 5 TM satellite images for the year of 1996 and LANDSAT 8 OLI for 2016. The image classification process was carried out using the software ENVI ® 4.8, where samples were collected referring to water bodies, arboreal-shrub vegetation, sand banks,fields, crops, forestry and urban. During the field works it was observed that the areas where are the cultivation of exotic species, are used predominantly for commercial purposes such as the manufacture of cellulose, being few cases that are being used as "windbreaks" and for the protection of livestock small properties. Based on the presented scenario, can be concluded that unlike municipalities Rio Grande do Sul, in Rosario do Sul, eucalyptus plantations occurred in areas where was destined for agriculture, and there was no need for the appropriation of new areas with native vegetal cover, thus maintaining the fields used for livestock which is a traditional practice in the area of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance that regional development has reached in the past few decades has surpassed the academic debate to support public policies of local development. The failure of industrialization policies adopted in the twentieth century justifies the importance to advance the theoretical knowledge and political practices of protection of the industrial sector in peripheral economies. This article summarizes the main classical theories of regional development and industrial localization in order propose the development of new theoretical elements in the contemporary debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scholars of New Developmentalism have generated a substantial body of knowledge regarding structural transformation and the policies that should be adopted to foster its achievement. Nevertheless, as is argued in this paper, New Developmentalism, by contrast with Neoliberalism, lacks a strong philosophical foundation to legitimise the policies it favours on grounds other than their ability to generate prosperity. It is also argued that new-developmentalists should explicitly adopt a pragmatic philosophy in order to become a more serious alternative to other political economy doctrines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss the evolution of the Brazilian labour productivity in the 1990s and 2000s to shed some light on the resilience of the Brazilian economy to recover growth. Labor productivity growth in Brazil, after showing positive annual rates between 1950 and 1979, became stagnant after 1980. Following McMillan and Rodrik's (2011) methodology, this paper at first decompose labor productivity growth in the period 1950-2011, according to "structural change" (which is considered growth-enhancing) and "within effect" (which is growth-reducing, if not accompanied by significant structural change while the country is still pursuing its catching-up process). Next, an econometric exercised is presented to explain the determinants of the structural change component of the labour productivity since economic opening in the 1990s. The results show that the stagnation of the Brazilian productivity is explained by the overvaluation trend of the Brazilian currency, the reprimarization of the export basket, the low degree of Brazil's trade openness and the high real interest rates prevailing in the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reading of Karl Polanyi's work gives us a broader and more plural view of the development process beyond the exclusively economic dimension. This scientific text aims to recover the theoretical contribution of Karl Polanyi and its contribution to the understanding of the development process from a plural and substantive conception of economy. The key lesson learned in this research is that regardless of a country's economic system, one should pay attention to the existing institutional variety and complexity of its cultural and social mosaic. True development will only be achieved if it is structured with effective public policies in order to promote this heterogeneity to the maximum possible social welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture is a broad term that, unless restricted in its spatial and temporal dimension, has a polysemy that hinders its conceptualization. That is why, to understand the public policy of cultural heritage protection in the first two decades of the 21st century and its perspectives, it is pertinent to make an investigation of the actors and theoretical premises involved in the selection of material and immaterial goods to be safeguarded. This is the purpose of this article. To achieve this, the influence of modernist thought was initially analyzed in the first three decades since its inception (1937-1967). In this so-called heroic phase, the intellectual elite's conception of what should symbolically represent national culture prevailed. Then, the approximation of cultural heritage with economic development significantly changed the valuation and management parameters. Several funding plans have directly intertwined with the theoretical selection criteria, influencing them and being influenced by a complex dynamic of thought and action. In this context, it was concluded that one of the hallmarks of patrimonial public policy in the two decades of the 21st century was the relative political-administrative decentralization of its execution, albeit with setbacks. Finally, a potential migration from this centralized or decentralized state role to large technology companies was proposed in perspective, especially with the diffusion of the culture of algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial enterprises are improving their financial performance to achieve their development goals. The source of development can serve as a developed strategy and a specialized version of the program, which is based on the achievement of certain financial indicators. Particularly, it can be the issue of constant ensuring of profit, and of the increase and optimization of internal processes which are considered as a basis of steady functioning of the enterprise. Consideration of what can be viewed as the competitiveness of production, namely determines the relevance of the study. The novelty of the study is in the fact that not only a certain strategy in achieving the targets is considered as the basis of competitiveness, but also a strategy for the formation of internal sustainable environment of the enterprise, which can be implemented considering the needs of production and its potential development. As a basis for increasing the competitiveness of the chemical industry and sustainable operation of the enterprise, the authors consider the internal environment. The implementation of the increase in internal resistance is expected to be conducted based on the evaluation of the system of external cooperation. The practical significance of the work is determined by the need to form a certain relationship between internal stability and the possibilities of external change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the need of retaking debate on brazilian economic development, highlighting three ongoing processes: brazilian industry loss of dynamism, reprimarization of export agenda as well as productive activity financialization. Although it is not plausible, considering this project scope, to deepen each process, the text reflects on dichotomies brought to light over the absence of a national project of development that, as time goes by, have deteriorated territory materiality and prioritize finance charge payments which difficult the reorganization of productive bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to perform an analysis of monetary policy in Brazil, using a Markov Chain Autoregressive Vector (MS-VAR) model, in the search for evidence of non-linearity in the relationship between exchange and prices in Brazil. The analysis showed that in periods of exchange appreciation, both on the demand side and the supply side, there is a set of forces that determine a downward trajectory for price levels, suggesting that the exchange rate plays a fundamental role in the control of inflation. However, there is a need to reassess the role of the exchange rate in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structuralists highlighted politico-economic constraints on late development and advocated infant industry policies. In practice, highly distortionary implementation choices were near ubiquitous. Why did policymakers prefer this extreme policy? Employing North, Wallis & Weingast (2009), I argue politicians were constrained by a limited access order (LAO) to directly distribute production rights to powerful groups. "Extreme" ISI policies maximized politicians' ability to directly distribute production rights; a milder policy meant replacing state-conferred rights with market mechanisms. I review representative "extreme" policies in Brazil, Chile and India, and then demonstrate their political efficacy in diversifying production rights that could be directly exchanged for elite support. Finally, I discuss the argument's consistency with early structuralist emphasis on underlying politico-economic conditions as impediments to growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to point out some aspects of convergence and divergence among some authors established in the field of institutionalism that analyzed the role of institutions in society and its evolution through time. Specifically, it aims at identifying how the nature, functioning, and evolution of institutions are portrayed. It is a theoretical research, having as a field of analysis the selection of recurrent texts in (neo) institutionalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper relates the differences and the similarities between the classic developmentalism and the New Developmentalism. It discusses the next steps for the new theory to persevere in the current Brazilian context. To this end, a diagnosis of what we call "Accidental Developmentalism", initiated at the end of the 19th century in Brazil, was also made in the first part of the paper, which was sown as a basis for the classic developmentalism. Effectively put in place between 1930 and 1980, developmentalism was later adopted again during the failed economic policy of Dilma Rousseff administration. Finally, we discuss the challenges for the New Developmentalism having the critical 2018 elections as background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]