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Introduction: Dark under‐eye circles or periorbital hyperpigmentation constitute a prevalent and challenging cosmetic problem with diverse etiologies and types. While modifying exacerbating habits can provide partial relief for the pigmentary and vascular factors associated with this condition, and despite the abundance of available treatment options, there is currently a lack of gold‐standard evidence‐based treatments proposed for curing this disorder. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of carboxytherapy in treating periorbital hyperpigmentation. Material and Methods: In this 4‐week single‐arm clinical trial, 20 eligible Iranian patients with symmetric periorbital hyperpigmentation received weekly intradermal carboxytherapy. The treatment involved administering 10–20 mL of CO2 at a rate of 20 mL/min and a temperature of 15°C for a duration ranging from a few seconds to 1 min. Follow‐up assessments were conducted 1 month after the final session. The primary outcome was defined as the changes in ΔE or the variations in pigmentation observed between the orbital and extra‐orbital skin before and after the trial. Results: The patients reported satisfaction with the statistically significant reduction in hyperpigmentation achieved through carboxytherapy in the lateral (p = 0.002), middle (p = 0.001), and medial (p = 0.001) regions of the periorbital area. The total response rate of the patients was estimated at 20%. Patient satisfaction exceeded ΔE changes, with no significant linear relationship (p = 0.084). Conclusion: Carboxytherapy can be proposed as an effective and safe treatment for periorbital hyperpigmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article intends to identify different models of health promotion (HP), and analyze how health promotion has evolved from the guidelines of social determinants (SDH) and its applicability in the countries. Methodology: starting from a thematic review of the articles in Pubmed, Lilac and Scielo, using the Boolean operators (PS) or (primary care) and (SDH) or (social determinants of health) in the last 5 years. A total of 178 articles were obtained in Lilac, 69 in Scielo, 132 in Pubmed. A total of 33 articles were found in scholar.google.com, thanks to the descriptors, "models, approaches and theories" and PS. Results: the main areas identified are: primary care, SDH, public policies, oral health, health policies, health services, accessibility. The logic of prevention and its differentiation with the rationality of PS is analyzed, based on an analysis of the context of international practice. The confusion between promotion and prevention and the lack of development of the collective and community levels of HP based on primary health care, are discussed. Conclusions: PS and prevention failed to be developed in health systems. Many of the theoretical postulates of PS have been relegated. Several levels of intervention in PS are proposed: contextual, macro, meso, micro, individual, and global, strategic, community, interpersonal and intrapersonal actions. More research is needed on SDH, which establishes the balance between the individual and the collective, in PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to present the learning of a systematization as a method, for the construction of knowledge based on the experience lived by the researchers of several projects on parenting education in the field of public health carried out in the rural settlement of Granizal, Antioquia, during the period 2013-2019. Materials and method: the systematization of experiences was used and the participants were the researchers. It began with the organization of the materials, the field diaries of the thematic research circles and reports of the meetings of the research team and community actors. It was continued with the elaboration of a matrix with the historical recovery. And, finally, reflections, categories and relationships emerged from the group for the theoretical construction of the overall vision. Results: the theoretical proposal of the systematization and the procedures to implement it are presented, guided by five moments: living the experience, formulating a systematization plan, recovering the lived process, the background reflections and the arrival points. Four features of systematization stand out: creative research; research based on a process of collective construction; learning from practice and building knowledge; and as a transforming scenario of this research and of those who carried it out. Conclusion: the "systematization of the systematization" allowed raising awareness of the research praxis itself. It shows the understanding of the group on conceptualization and methodology of this research perspective. It transcends the collection and organization of the information of the process lived to the extent that the reconstruction of the experience is a broader understanding that transforms the practice of the subjects involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the factors that impact on the quality of life of people and their impact on health guidelines based on the area of strategic management. Methodology: quantitative research, in which the National Quality of Life Survey 2015-2016 and information from the Chilean health services to the year 2019 were used. A sample of 6.818 people was determined on which a model of structural equations was applied. Results: a global goodness of fit index, GoF of 0.5131 was obtained, considered a good fit of the model, and 48.2% of quality of life was explained by the internal and external factors considered. In addition, the strategic health guidelines were explained in 32.1% by the quality of life, verifying that it affects the health guidelines of the country. Conclusions: quality of life has a multidimensional character that can be visualized through a model that brings together internal and external factors and, because quality of life is essential to improve the well-being of the population, it is present in health guidelines of the Chilean health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the relationship between food security and nutritional status of children under 5 years of age who attend the Child Development Center of Monteria -- Córdoba, Colombia, 2019. Methodology: Crosssectional correlational study with the participation of 388 families distributed in different Child Development Centers of Monteria. The Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale survey was applied to parents or representatives, and the children underwent anthropometric assessment under supervision of responsible adults. The categorical variables were measured and their association was assessed using the Chi-square test. Results: Of the 388 families (71.4%) (n = 277) suffered from severe food insecurity. Anthropometric assessment showed that the nutritional status of boys under five years of age reported an adequate weight for height (75.1%), as did girls (73.9%), with the record being higher for boys. Regarding the risk of overweight, a higher percentage was found in girls (13.6%) compared to boys (9.1%). Severe acute malnutrition was found in higher concentration in girls (2.1%) compared to boys (1.0%). Conclusions: Despite the fact that the largest proportion of families suffer from severe food insecurity, no association was found with the various forms of malnutrition suffered by some of the children assessed, which could be linked to the food assistance they receive in the different Child Development Centers in the city of Monteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La artritis psoriásica (APs) es una enfermedad inflamatoria sistémica crónica que afecta a la piel, las estructuras musculoesqueléticas y otros órganos y sistemas, comprometiendo la funcionalidad, la calidad de vida y reduciendo la expectativa de vida de los pacientes. Es una enfermedad compleja que requiere atención y manejo especializado y oportuno. Las alternativas para el tratamiento de las manifestaciones de la APs se han incrementado y, adicionalmente, el efecto de los distintos agentes sobre manifestaciones específicas ha sido aclarado en estudios recientes, por lo tanto, es conveniente incorporar la evidencia disponible para construir una estrategia en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. El Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología seleccionó una comisión para evaluar estas distintas alternativas y generar recomendaciones. El grupo de estudio incluyó a 16 reumatólogos y tres dermatólogos certificados, que fueron seleccionados de diferentes instituciones de salud y regiones del país. Se conformó un comité ejecutivo que coordinó las reuniones y un comité de expertos que seleccionó los criterios de búsqueda en la literatura, elaboró las preguntas de investigación, calificó la calidad de la evidencia y generó las recomendaciones en los distintos dominios de la enfermedad con base en la metodología GRADE. Se generaron 24 recomendaciones actualizadas para el tratamiento de pacientes con APs. Las recomendaciones establecen el papel de los medicamentos disponibles actualmente en nuestro país. Se enfatiza la importancia del control adecuado de la enfermedad, individualizando el perfil de involucramiento de cada paciente en cada uno de los seis dominios potencialmente afectados por la enfermedad. Además, se establece la secuencia en la elección de los tratamientos disponibles para cada dominio, basada en su eficacia, perfil de seguridad y accesibilidad. Con este documento de consenso se podrá mejorar la atención de los pacientes con APs. Las recomendaciones se generaron de acuerdo con la mejor información disponible y en consideración del sistema de salud de México. Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, musculoskeletal structures and other organs and systems compromising functionality, quality of life and reducing the life expectancy of patients. It is a complex disease that requires specialist and timely care and management. The alternatives for treating the manifestations of psoriatic arthritis have increased and the effect of the different agents on specific manifestations has been clarified in recent studies. Therefore, we should incorporate the available evidence to build a strategy for the treatment of these patients. The Mexican College of Rheumatology selected a committee to evaluate these different alternatives and make recommendations. The study group included 16 rheumatologists and 3 certified dermatologists, selected from different health institutions and regions of the country. An executive committee was formed to coordinate the meetings and a committee of experts selected the literature search criteria, prepared the research questions, rated the quality of the evidence, and produced the recommendations in the different disease domains based on the GRADE methodology. 24 updated recommendations were generated for the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis. The recommendations establish the role of the drugs currently available in our country. The importance of adequate disease control is emphasized, individualizing the level of involvement of each patient in each of the six domains potentially affected by the disease. In addition, the sequence in the choice of treatments available for each domain is established, based on their efficacy, safety profile and accessibility. With this consensus document, it will be possible to improve the care of patients with psoriatic arthritis. The recommendations were generated based on the best available information and in consideration of the Mexican health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Fundación Cardioinfantil Institute of Cardiology (FCI -IC), which is a high complexity Colombian University Hospital, it was identified that the work between academics and clinical nurses for the development of a nursing practice model, could improve nursing in its different roles. In order to describe the conceptual development achieved, this article documents the nursing methodology research that included four phases: the review of institutional backgrounds in the use of conceptual models of nursing; the review of world literature on nursing practice models; and the collective construction of the nursing practice model; and the internal and external validation of the developed model. The Practice Nursing Model to strengthen the caring capacity of patients and their caregivers FCI - IC responds to lessons learned internally and externally; its development is consistent with the state of the art and its content reflects both the institutional consensus and the theoretical derivation achieved from the identification of the paradigmatic concepts and care assumptions, adjusted during the validation. This model has allowed greater appropriation and nursing leadership in practice. We expect to provide indicators to evaluate and improve the different roles of nursing in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The intensive care unit (ICU) stay generates feelings of lack of control, uncertainty, and anxiety in the patient and their families related to a lack of information and communication about the health-disease process experienced and the treatment. Objective: to describe the characteristics of communication in the ethnos between the nurse and the family member of the hospitalized patient. Method: a qualitative study with a micro ethnographic approach that used Bardin's proposal for the analysis. The participants were 12 relatives of patients hospitalized in the adult ICU in Bucaramanga and Floridablanca (Colombia) during 2016. A semi-structured interview was conducted with five questions about communication with the nurse practitioner. Results: most of the participants were women, university students, and daughters from cities other than the place of the interview. The main theme that emerges was communication: an honest, direct, and authentic relationship between human beings, made up of four categories: information as the central axis of communication in ICU; communication that is not expressed in words, which is even more important in the relationship; communication does not flow if there is no time, disposition, and conditions to establish the relationship; and communication generates positive feelings and satisfaction. Conclusion: communication as a social process framed in the ICU as a particular ethnos demand from the nurse practitioners’ qualities such as kindness, cordiality, empathy, recognition, and understandable language, as well as feedback and willingness to establish and maintain this vital process for human relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: To develop a nursing practice model for the Clinic of the University of the La Sabana that supports the adaptive process of patients during and after their hospital experience. Methodology: This is a descriptive, methodological study implemented in different phases: (1) characterization of the context, (2) identification of the need for a nursing practice model for strengthening care, (3) literature review, (4) description of the model, and (5) validation. Results: The context of a university hospital and international trends in the development of a professional nursing discipline require theoretical guidance for the ongoing improvement of the practice of nursing. The decision to apply Roy's conceptual model of adaptation clarifies the need for a complementary nursing practice model that brings this macro theory closer to the assistance reality. It is also necessary to make the vocation of service, knowledge and leadership of nursing visible whenever the human adaptive process is a priority. Conclusion: The University of La Sabana nursing practice model is a model focused on the commitment and humane treatment for the adaptation of patients during hospital care. It represents a consensus on the essentials of the nursing practice, which seek to support the adaptive process in order to have more comprehensive welfare and consequent improvement of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In IEEE 802.16 specifications, a CRC field can be attached in the rear of a WiMAX MPDU. Thus, each intermediate node (relay node or base station) in an 802.16-based multihop network can perform error detection on a received WiMAX MPDU. On the sender, the ARQ mechanism will be enabled to retransmit the MPDU if a transmission error occurs and an ACK message cannot be received. However, the ARQ mechanism is unsuitable for real-time traffic due to the delay consideration and the CRC field becomes an option to reduce the overhead of a WiMAX MPDU. Once the CRC field is removed from a WiMAX MPDU, the error occurrence cannot be detected by the intermediate nodes in time, and the erroneous data is still forwarded in the network but discarded by the destination. The resources of nodes in a network are wasted. Hence, the error detection mechanism should be retained for real-time traffic, but the overhead of CRC should be reduced. In this paper, we study an efficient discrete-error-checking scheme (DECS) to reduce the CRC overhead for real-time traffic. The DECS only needs several CRC checking bits, which are attached behind some WiMAX MPDUs. The DECS can efficiently provide the error detection for the intermediate nodes to discard these erroneous and useless data early. Thus, the utilization of node resources and wireless bandwidth can be improved significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo. To determine the effects of high temperature, the high humidity and the index on production performance in layer chickens supplemented with vitamins C and E. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out from July 14th to August 15th. A total of 720 L33 layer chickens, 39 weeks old, were divided at random into four groups (180 birds/group), by replicates (n=4): Control Group) was fed with a basal diet and treatment groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with either 150 mg of l-ascorbic acid/g of diet (Group Vit. C) or 150 mg of dl-a-tocopherol acetate /kg, of diet (Group Vit. E), and 150 mg of l-ascorbic acid /kg of diet plus 150 mg of dl-a-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet (Group Vit C + E). Results. Egg/bird were higher (p<0.05) in all treatment groups when compared to control group, but p value was highly signiicant in vitamin E treated group. Likewise, the laying index was different (p<0.05) in all treatment groups when compared to control, and P value was highly signiicant in vitamin E treated group. Although, viability was not affected by vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin C+E groups when compared to control (p>0.05). However , feed consumption and conversion were different (p<0.05) in treatment groups when compared to control group. Conclusions. Dietary supplementation with 150 mg vitamin C and/or 150 mg vitamin E increased production performance in heat stressed layer chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive. To determine the distribution of ectoparasites in dogs in Panama. Materials and methods. There were surveyed 720 canines belonging to 57 communities. Results. The results showed that 84% of the dogs were infested with at least one species of ectoparasite. Dogs from lowlands showed a higher percentage of parasitism and a greater biodiversity of parasites than dogs from highlands. There were found seven species of ticks, four species of leas, two species of lice, and one specie of botfly. The ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Amblyomma cajennense, A. ovale and the lea Ctenocephalides felis were widespread; however Ixodes boliviensis and Pulex simulans showed a much narrower geographic distribution and they were found only in dogs from highlands. The lea species Rhopalopsyllus cacicus and the tick Haemaphysalis juxtakochi were found for the first time in panamanian dogs. Conclusions. The environmental situation in Panama, can encourage that wildlife ectoparasites parasitized dogs in absence of their native hosts. This condition may increase transmission risk of some diseases where the ticks and leas are vectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Care is a human activity defined as a relationship and a process with an objective that goes beyond illness. This article presents the results of a descriptive-interpretive qualitative study conducted to understand how nurses portray their professional practice. Method: A theoretical sampling was done. The participants in the study were nurses (one man and six women). Their average age was 30. The data were collected through a field diary and seven semi-structured interviews were conducted individually and in depth. The interviews were taped and transcribed in their entirety. Tables were developed, along with open axial codification schemes that were used to analyze the data. This was done with the interpretive framework of Moscovicci social representations, which considers four dimensions: information, image, attitude and opinion. Results: The study reveals six peripheral categories that form the significance of care: factors, implications, contributions, applications, beliefs and attitudes. Conclusions: Nursing care is enveloped by and shares the human experience through a transpersonal relationship marked by respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Age-associated thymic atrophy is a key event preceding the inefficient functioning of the immune system, resulting in a diminished capacity to generate new T-cells. This thymic involution has been proposed to be due to changes in the thymic microenvironment resulting in its failure to support thymopoiesis. A key cytokine in the early stages of thymocyte development is IL-7 and expression levels are greatly reduced with age. The ability of IL-7 to restore the immune system by enhancing thymic output remains controversial. In this review, we highlight the advances in molecular approaches used to evaluate recent thymic emigrants and assess the success of these strategies in determining whether IL-7 can lead to immune reconstitution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]