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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if surface electromyography (EMG) could be used to index fatigue during isotonic and maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of the knee extensors in men and women. Methods: Ten males (age = 22.1 \pm 3.3 yr, ht = 180.3 \pm 5.5 cm, mass 78.7 \pm 5.1 kg) and ten females (age = 23.9 \pm 4.6 yr, ht = 163.7.3 \pm 11.1 cm, mass 63.2 \pm 7.4 kg) underwent one isometric (120 s MVIC of the knee extensors) and one isotonic (120 maximal effort isotonic contractions at a resistance of 25% of the MVIC peak torque determined on the testing day) exercise session separated by at least 48~hrs. The EMG signal was collected from the vastus lateralis during both exercise protocols using standard EMG collection techniques. Average torque (AT) was calculated from each 3 s window of the 120 s MVIC, and the average peak power (APP) was calculated for every 3 consecutive contractions during the dynamic exercise. Results: Both the isometric and isotonic fatigue protocols resulted in significant (p<0.05) decreases in AT and APP, respectively. During the isotonic exercise protocol, decreases in APP during contractions 31--54 were significantly greater (p<0.05) for males than females. Time-amplitude domain processing of the EMG data demonstrated significant decreases in the root mean square amplitude during the course of isometric exercise (p<0.05) but not during isotonic exercise (p>0.05). A main effect for gender (p<0.05) revealed larger EMG amplitude for females when compared to males during isotonic exercise. Conclusions: These results indicate that gender may be a factor in the development of dynamic fatigue and that EMG can index fatigue during a sustained MVIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study quantitatively assessed the mechanical reliability and validity of position, torque and velocity measurements of the Biodex System 3 isokinetic dynamometer. Trial-to-trial and day-to-day reliability were assessed during three trials on two separate days. To assess instrument validity, measurement of each variable using the Biodex System 3 dynamometer was compared to a criterion measure of position, torque and velocity. Position was assessed at 5° increments across the available range of motion of the dynamometer. Torque measures were assessed isometrically by hanging six different calibrated weights from the lever arm. Velocity was assessed (30°/s to 500°/s) across a 70° arc of motion by manually accelerating the weighted lever arm. With the exception of a systematic decrease in velocity at speeds of 300°/s and higher, the Biodex System 3 performed with acceptable mechanical reliability and validity on all variables tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]