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The process of prosecuting and sentencing individuals who have violated the law takes into account different factors, among which are the sentencing guidelines, which provide a guide for judges to orientate their decisions during the prosecution process. However, the variety of crimes and the evolution of cybercrime require that these criteria be applied differently, especially when new technologies are involved, in the case of cybercrimes involving child sexual abuse material (CSAM) those criteria may differ in the guidelines that apply to the other forms of cybercrime. For this reason, the present study analysed 14 documented cases in order to characterise the differences in the applications of the sentences and investigate the forms of supervision for cybercriminals under probation. Finally, this study invites us to reflect on the challenges posed by technological advances in crime control and the need for proactive measures to improve the response of institutions in the containment and investigation of cybercrimes involving CSAM [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of mechanisms such as the transmission of data by ultrasonic waves can allow malicious personnel to obtain personal data from a computer system, which could constitute a computer crime. The objective of this article is to demonstrate how it is possible to filter information through ultrasound, using workstation peripheral systems, with which personal data could be obtained, which generates a confidentiality problem. For this, the method used was to perform a characterization of the computer components, a support software was built for sending and receiving ultrasound data (at a frequency greater than 18000 Hz), using the speakers of a computer equipment and the reception of data was from another laptop, the tests were performed in a controlled environment with low noise level. As a result, it was possible to transfer information through basic computational elements, although with some packet loss, but functional for the fulfillment of the proposed objective, with which it is concluded that it is possible that part of this leaked information could generate a computer crime through the light of Law 1273 in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]