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The COVID-19 epidemic has increased its impact on a global scale and created the pandemic process, causing a change in the dynamics of urban life. On the basis of urban life dynamics, the effect of the city-space relationship of the COVID-19 pandemic has gained importance. In this context, the differences in green space usage experiences and habits before and after the Covid-19 pandemic process were examined with a questionnaire applied to 240 people, and the survey results were evaluated with the chi-square statistical method. As a result of the evaluation, it has been revealed that green areas have gained a new meaning and it is a necessity to include accessibility, functions, classification and user experiences in the urban space in planning studies.With the results of the study, the meaning of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the planning studies at the point of creating resilient cities and how to evaluate this meaning within the framework of its application and the points that need attention are examined. Objectives are set in terms of using the results obtained with this study as a resource in planning studies, increasing the quality of urban life and achieving the goals of creating resilient cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Covid-19 pandemic process, countries have undertaken important responsibilities in all areas to inform the public and raise awareness of the measures. In this process, published photos, videos, social media posts, posters, infographics, etc. the importance of visually oriented informative communication tools has come to the fore even more. It can be said that among these visual studies mentioned, especially those that deal with the conceptual design approach, play an active role in making the information easy to learn. Conceptual designs are images that represent an event, thought, or situation. In this context, visuals were designed by experts in the field for the Covid-19 outbreak with a conceptual design approach. A survey study was conducted with 422 participants in order to investigate the effects of the designs on the audience, on raising awareness and on visual perception in terms of socio-demographic variables. For the survey, the necessary permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Gedik University with the date 09.11.2022 and the number E-56365223-050.01.04-2022.137548.13-387. Administrative and academic staff and students working at foundation universities on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, selected by the judicial sampling method, were included in the study, the main mass of which was the administrative and academic staff working at universities in Istanbul and students studying. Descriptive and relational scanning methods were used in the study. The data of the study were collected in two dimensions in the context of visual design principles and visual design elements through the designs created with the conceptual design approach for the Covid-19 epidemic by experts in the field. The analyzes of the data belonging to both dimensions were made with the "t test" and "ANOVA" tests in SPSS software. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the socio-demographic characteristics and visual perceptions of the participants were affected in the statistical values of both dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Publications have shown increased rate of precocious puberty and rapidly progressing puberty during the pandemic period. During the pandemic period, obesity has become widespread in children due to sedentary life, an increase in the time spent at home, and prolonged use of mobile devices. Obesity is a significant contributor to early puberty in females.We aimed to investigate whether obesity is a factor in the increase of puberty precocious cases during the pandemic. Material and Methods: In the study, female patients diagnosed with Puberty precocious /Rapidly Progressive Puberty in our clinic were divided into three groups August 2019-February 2020 before the pandemic (Group1-G1), August 2020-February 2021 during the pandemic (online education - Group2-G2), August 2021-February 2022 during the pandemic (face-to-face education -Group3-G3). The groups were retrospectively compared in terms of clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings. Results: A total of 495 female patients were included in the study. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age at the presentation. The most common complaint at presentation in the three groups was thelarche. Also, presentation with combination of thelarche and pubarche was more common in G3, and presentation due to menarche was more common in G2 (p=0.011). No difference was found between the groups regarding body weight SDS, and height SDS. The BMI SDS was 0.69±1 SD for all patients, 0.78±0.94 SD for G1, 0.67±1 SD for G2, and 0.67±1 for G3, and the BMI SDS of the groups were comparable (p=0.630). The majority of patients at the presentation were Breast Tanner stage 3. G2 (9%) and G3 (9%) were presented with Breast Tanner stage 4 at a higher frequency compared to G1 (2%). There was no difference between the groups' FSH, LH, estradiol, LHRH test peak FSH, peak LH, and LH/FSH values. There was no difference between the bone ages of the groups at the presentation. The uterus size, right and left ovary volumes of G2 and G3 were significantly bigger than those of G1 (p=0.001). No difference was found between the groups in the rates of precocious puberty and rapidly progressing puberty cases. Conclusion: In our study, the age at presentation and BMI were similar pre-pandemic group G1 and during the pandemic, online education (G2) and pandemic face-to-face education (G3). We determined that obesity may not be one of the factors triggering precocious puberty cases during the pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the world of globalized financial markets and economy, businesses depend on effectively finding the external resources necessary to maintain their competitive structure. Financial markets, on the other hand, pay great attention to the financial status of the businesses they fund. Today, financial performance analysis and measurement has increased its importance in this context. In this study, financial performance measurement of businesses operating in the food sector between the years 2019 and 2021 was carried out. Since the measurement problem includes multiple financial indicators, it has been considered as a Multi-Criteria Decision Making problem. While the financial indicators used as criteria in the problem were prioritized with the SD (Standard Deviation) approach, the rankings of the businesses were obtained by the WISP (Simple Weighted Sum Product Method). According to the results, the performance rankings differed between the pre-pandemic period and the period of the pandemic. On the other hand, the financial performance measurement problem has been reconsidered by comparing the performances of each business in these three periods. In this case, while the criteria did not change, the alternatives changed as the annual performance of each business. When the results are examined according to years, it has been seen that the average financial performance of the businesses in the food sector has increased during the pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine how the health ministries of Türkiye, Azerbaijan, and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) formed health communication strategies through their official Twitter accounts during the normalization process COVID-19 pandemic. Within the scope of the research, based on the date when the normalization process of Türkiye, Azerbaijan, and the TRNC started, one-month Twitter posts were analyzed by the thematic analysis method. The study was diagnosed with the 2020.03 version of the Maxqda program. The findings determined that although the three countries struggled with the COVID-19 pandemic in line with different strategies, health ministries shared the public awareness and awareness in the normalization process of this global pandemic. The most shared content in all three countries is the COVID-19 Table, including the daily number of cases. When examining the impact and transformation of Twitter content based on the epidemic, the Republic of Türkiye has the most comprehensive range about the pandemic, followed by Azerbaijan and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. As a result, the pandemic affects the official Twitter account shares of the Ministry of Health in all three countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to investigate the change in hand washing habits of pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was designed prospectively and observationally. Two questionnaire forms were administered to each participant to determine their pre-pandemic and during pandemic habits relating to handwashing. The total score of handwashing attitude before and during the pandemic was calculated by summing the answers to the 25 questions in the survey. Independent t-tests were performed for data. P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The mean age of the 392 pregnant women participating in the study was 30.29±5.92. The values of gravidity, BMI and gestational age were estimated as 1.89±1.05, 27.08±4.26 kg/m2, 27.08±4.26 weeks, respectively. The frequency of the participants washing their hands more than 10 times a day increased from 32.2% before the pandemic to 75.8% during the pandemic. While the answer to the question "Is hand washing important in the prevention of diseases causing pandemics?" was 65.1% before the pandemic, it was 93.7% during the pandemic. Although the answer to the question on "How many seconds should the hand washing time be at least?" was 20 seconds at a rate of 42.9% before the pandemic, it was 84.1% during the pandemic. The total handwashing habit score was calculated as 79.25±11.92 before the COVID-19 pandemic and 94.42±5.58 during the pandemic (p<0.05). This study demonstrated that the pregnant population was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and experienced a great change in hand hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major changes in healthcare around the world, including postponing elective surgery. The aim of this study is to examine the COVID-19 test results in pediatric patients who are asymptomatic and have no history of contact with a COVID-19 case prior to their scheduled elective surgery. Material and Methods: This prospective study has evaluated pediatric patients who were asymptomatic and had no contact history with a COVID-19 case and who were scheduled for elective surgery between 01.05.2020-31.10.2020 in one of the world's largest pediatric hospitals. Nasopharyngeal swab (PCR) samples were obtained from all patients one day before the scheduled elective surgery. Results: Eight hundred twelve patients in this study had a mean age of 6.98 ± 4.37 years. The PCR test was positive in 4 patients (0.49%), and one patient had diarrhea during the quarantine period of 15 days. Conclusion: The low PCR positivity rate in patients scheduled for elective surgery after a detailed history and physical examination raises the question whether elective surgery can be planned without testing. Pediatric surgeons can continue elective surgical procedures by taking precautions, but without requesting PCR, in patients who are asymptomatic and have no suspicious contact history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]