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The aim of the article is to study and analyse literary devices, used in Old German literature for the expression of state gestalt images. Methods. Methods of linguistic analysis, and comparative and historical-cultural analysis were used in the study. Means of descriptive statistics, Pearson's criterion and Mann -- Whitney U-test were used. The use of Cronbach's alpha ensured the verification of the reliability of instruments and methods. Results. The conducted analysis of the comparison of three Old German literary monuments confirmed that there are no significant differences between "Nibelungenlied" and "Beowulf", which indicates the similarity in their structure and style. However, "Nibelungenlied" differs from "Edda" which certifies significant differences between these works. "Beowulf" also demonstrates significant differences with "Edda". These results also underline significant similarities between "Nibelungenlied" and "Beowulf", which are epic poems, and with "Edda", which is a collection of poems. In particular, the philosophical aspects of the verbalisation of Gestalt states were highlighted. Conclusion. The study has found that state gestalt images reflect not only images of characters and scenes but also translate features and aspects of collective world perception by Old German Society. The received results expand understanding of linguistic and stylistic peculiarities of Old German literature. Perspectives. Further studies should focus on the expression of gestalt images in modern German literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Written language is an important aspect in human development, considering the possibilities of interactions and relationships, in addition to enhancing learning. This article aims to identify the contributions of the cultural historical conception to the development and appropriation of written language, having as main references the studies of Vigotski (2007, 2008) and Leontiev (2004). The research is characterized by a qualitative approach, carrying out a bibliographic review and interviews with two teachers, with theoretical support for the historical-cultural perspective. The analysis and discussion of the data was carried out from the Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2016), originating three categories: the relations between spoken language and written language; written language; the relevance of the teacher's intervention in the process of appropriation of written language. Thus, the study allowed recognizing that spoken language and written language have links, both being surrounded by meanings, and can be perceived as representations and constituents of thought. We emphasize that the social, cultural and historical context in which the child lives influences the process of appropriation of written language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, Technical professional education has transformed its graduation profile for almost two decades, going from offering training for work with a terminal character to adopting the baccalaureate, enabling the transition to higher education. The transformations of the academic and curricular model have brought about a change in the student profile that has been little studied up to now. Due to the above, the present work provides relevant evidence from the study of the educational and labor expectations of students about to graduate from Conalep. The main finding identified is that the expectations towards higher education are a generalized desire, regardless of the family context and economic situation. In this sense, family and economic factors exert a major influence that limits the realization of said life project. These two factors condition the decision to opt for work and not follow the vocational effect of careers. Likewise, the study provides evidence of the vocational strength towards work the Training Model holds in the Conalep System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study contrasts performance in an immediate and delayed recall test across two aging populations without known neurological disorders from different cultural contexts. A total of 191 individuals, 97 Cubans and 94 Spaniards, participated. The age range was between 60 and 90 years (M = 70.6; SD = 6.8). The participants were evaluated with an immediate and a 30-minute delayed visual paired associates (VPA) test. Results showed no significant differences in the correct answers of the immediate and delayed recall depending on the nationality and gender of the participants. Age and educational level affected performance in immediate and delayed memory. A lower age and a higher level of education produced a better performance. In conclusion, the VPA test can be useful to assess memory across populations of different cultural contexts. Age negatively affected performance in immediate and delayed memory tasks in healthy aging. Educational level could be a protective factor, associated with the formation of the cognitive reserve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to clarify issues that problematize the pre-established notion of human behavioral transformation, in the context of digital culture, with the understanding of integrated and apocalyptic positions of Umberto Eco (1993), in face of technological innovations. In addition to giving visibility to the opacity of some pre-determined myths of the dubious use of the term intelligent, as an attribute of perspicacity and intellection, in the face of Flusser's critical analysis (2008), under the way of understanding how systems programmed by technological devices are used and how, from there, culture is affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deep-rooted changes that have taken place in the media world over recent years have brought about changes in both television itself and in the relationships established with this medium. Consequently, it is important to understand how young people watch television today, in order to design strategies to help them develop the capacities they require to ensure responsible use. With this aim, the present study analyzes the television viewing habits of 553 adolescents (267 boys and 286 girls), aged between 14 and 19, from ireland, Spain and Mexico. Through the implementation of two questionnaires (CH-Tv 0.2 and vAL-Tv 0.2), four viewing patterns were detected that can be generalized to all the contexts studied. Two of these patterns clearly distinguish between boys (critical-cultural) and girls (social-conversational), with boys viewing more cultural and information-oriented programs, and girls tending to watch shows with a view to talking about them later with their friends. Two of the variables which best distinguish between the other two patterns identified are the perception of a conflictive climate (conflictive-passive viewing) and the perception of responsible parental mediation (committed-positive viewing). Moreover, preferred television genre was found to be the factor with the greatest discriminatory power in relation to these patterns, while time spent watching television, perceived realism and cultural context were not found to be significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Up to now, very few business genres have been described, there is a need to investigate more about the genres in this area (Salm, 2000). In order to contribute to this area of research, academic agreements for international cooperation from higher educational institutions were analyzed in order to make a critical study of this particular discourse. The analysis draws on principles of critical discourse analysis, Fairclough's (1992) tri-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis, Halliday's (1994) Functional Grammar, Ramos's (1965) 'Redução Sociológica' and genre studies (Meurer, 1998). Results have shown evidence of the power relation between discourse participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teen pregnancy has been understood like a negative life event that every year affects almost one quarter million youngsters between 12 and 17 years old in Mexico, impacting their health, scholar life and family dynamics. Using semantic networks, this research sought to identify the psychological meaning about fatherhood and motherhood roles from parents of youngsters between 12 and 17 years old, and boys and girls of the same age range. 894 persons from the municipalities of San Luis de la Paz, Manuel Doblado, Abasolo, Leon and Guanajuato in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, participated in the research. The results highlight a wide shared meaning to fatherhood and motherhood, composed of sixteen words, emphasizing "responsibility", "good", "love" and "work". Regarding the stimuli that evaluated the teen pregnancy, a small shared network, composed of five words: "responsibility", "irresponsibility", "bad", "work" and "ugly" was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Freudian theory is dated and set in a given context. It is from this that one can foresee its identity and its specificity as a novelty that emerged precisely at the turn of the 19th century to the 20th century in Vienna. The goal of this essay is to investigate the political and cultural scene that serves as a background for the construction of the Freudian discourse. From the outset, it is important to note that we do not intend to establish a correlation between the historical-cultural scenario and the Viennese psychoanalytic concepts, but, above all, trace the contours so that this can be done at a later time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptation is the fit between the individual and the environment. The dynamic interplay between person, culture, and environment is one of the most important issues in analyzing creativity. Adaptation is defined as the fit or adjustment of the individual to external conditions, but adaptation can also mean moving from one environment to another more suitable, or even forcing the environment to adapt in response to creative efforts. Culture impacts creativity in limiting acceptable boundaries, yet providing the artifacts used in creating. Culture is impacted and changed by creative efforts. Tight conformity to confining environments or cultures can stifle. The creator must be aware of cultural values and not overstep these boundaries for work to be accepted. A developmental continuum of adaptive, creative behaviors suggests a shift from individual adaptation to the environment to adaptation by the world to the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of High Performance Work Systems has been a special object of study for the last two decades. Analysis of their behaviour has involved the consideration of Several factors that supposedly moderate their efficiency, among which internal company factors stand out. However, contextual perspective has not been considered in great detail. In this regard, we go about our analysis incorporating cultural context as a possible moderating variable. From a sample of foreign affiliates of Spanish multinational companies, the results recommend that this variable be more closely considered in future investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is intended to analyse teaching practices in the 7th Grade, EGB Cycle, and to suggest clues for the reformulation of teaching and learning strategies to improve the learning quality in handicapped social groups. Suggesting teaching and learning strategies towards this objective involves taking into account the diversity in terms of personal and cultural differences. If the ways of thinking, feeling and behaving of the different social groups are not considered, it will be difficult for those from diverse cultural environment to share and develop significant learning processes. In this way, the strategies to change teaching practices should involve a more integrated perspective which makes up for the segmentation it implies. Thus, it is necessary to consider relatively autonomous institutional spaces which are present in the way of operating a socio-cognitive diagnosis, in the curriculum as a scenario of contradictions and how teachers carry it out as well as its relationship with the community context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this composition, I compare the texts The comment of the Aristotle's Politics of Saint Thomas and the first three books of Aristotle's Politics. First, I identify the texts by comparing, situating them in their context, to be able to understand their differences. Thus, from a philosophical perspective, these points of view are shown with the examples and methods of each philosopher, comparing their differences and similarities. Finally the examples used by Saint Thomas show us the differences of the conception of the political categories and his contribution, specially in what concerns to the slavery theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]