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Background: We aimed to evaluate the correlation and agreement between the Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation 2 (SCORE2) and Predicting Risk of CVD EVENTs (PREVENT) 10-year ASCVD risk scores by incorporating computed tomographic (CT) data to assess differences between the scoring systems. Methods: The PREVENT risk score was calculated for 171 patients, while the SCORE2 and SCORE2 Older Persons (OP) risk scores were calculated for 113 patients. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were calculated, and the grading of coronary artery disease (CAD) was assessed according to these scores. Results: According to the PREVENT risk category, 79 patients (46.2%) were in the low-risk category, 32 (18.7%) were in the borderline-risk category, and 51 (29.8%) were in the intermediate-risk category. In contrast, the SCORE2 systems placed 32 patients (28.3%) in the low- to moderate-risk categories. Only 9 patients (5.3%) were classified as being at high risk by PREVENT, while SCORE2 categorized 39 patients (34.5%) as being at high risk and 42 patients (37.2%) as being at very high risk. There was a strong correlation between the scores (r = 85, p < 0.001), with a Bland–Altman plot analysis showing a bias of −3.71 points and the limits of agreement ranging from −16.06 to 8.64. The total CAC score and CAD grading were significantly different across the PREVENT risk groups (p < 0.001 for all) but were similar across the SCORE2 groups (p = 0.3 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions: There is a strong correlation and agreement between the two risk scores. However, SCORE2 tends to categorize more patients as high-risk than PREVENT does. Additionally, the PREVENT risk categories are more effective than SCORE2 in determining the likelihood of CAD based on CT results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel energy management system featuring a unique framework involving multiple hierarchical controllers at the distribution and transmission network levels is proposed. The unique objective function of this energy management system is designed to enhance system inertia during black start and optimise load shedding. The objective function further aims to increase reliance on renewable energy sources, prioritising solar power along with battery and fuel cell technologies. This work delves deeply into the dynamics of multi-area power networks, where some areas possess black start capabilities (BSAs) while others do not (NBSAs). The proposed energy management system specifically explores the complex interplay between these black start capabilities and the hierarchical load restoration order. During grid blackouts, the systems located in BSA areas are tasked with first restoring essential loads in their own regions before extending aid to the adjacent NBSA areas, taking into account factors such as their available reserved power and geographical proximity. This work is extended to analyse complex multi-area power network architectures. This extended analysis provides invaluable insights for enhancing power restoration processes and facilitating the large-scale integration of sustainable energy solutions in complex systems. The proposed energy management system is validated using the IEEE 39-Bus network, which consists of ten distinct areas, each differing in their black start capabilities. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Right ventricular (RV) dilatation and dysfunction are usually present in heart transplant (HTx) patients and worsened with residual pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to determine the ability of different echocardiographic modalities to evaluate RV function in comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and their relations with pulmonary hemodynamics in HTx patients. Methods: A total of 62 data sets [echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and CMR] were acquired from 35 HTx patients. Comprehensive echocardiography, including two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography, and three‐dimensional (3D) echocardiography, was performed. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was obtained invasively from right heart catheterization. The correlations between all echocardiographic parameters and CMR imaging data and the differences between patients with and without residual PH were evaluated. Results: Diastolic and systolic RV volumes and RV ejection fraction (RVEF) by 3D echocardiography correlated strongly with CMR‐derived volumes and RVEF (r =.91, r =.79, r =.64; p <.0001 for each, respectively). Among other parameters, RV fractional area change (r =.439; p <.001) and RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVFW‐LS) (r = −.34; p <.05) correlated moderately with CMR‐RVEF, whereas tricuspid annulus S' velocity (r =.29; p <.05) and tricuspid annular systolic plane excursion (r =.27; p <.05) correlated weakly with CMR‐RVEF. Additionally, 3D‐RVEF and RVFW‐LS were significantly decreased in studies with mPAP ≥ 20 mm Hg in comparison to those with mPAP < 20 mm Hg (47.7 ± 3.7 vs. 50.9 ± 5.3, p =.04 and −15.5 ± 3.1 vs. −17.5 ± 3, p =.03, respectively). Conclusion: The best method for the evaluation of RV function in HTx recipients is 3D echocardiography. Besides, the subclinical impact of residual PH on RV function can be best determined by RVFW‐LS and 3D‐RVEF in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD IV) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to the deficiency of α 1,4-glucan branching enzyme, resulting in an accumulation of amylopectin-like polysaccharide in various systems. We describe two cases, a 23-year-old girl with dilated cardiomyopathy who presented with progressive dyspnea and fatigue and a 28-year-old girl with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who was asymptomatic, secondary to the accumulation of amylopectin-like fibrillar glycogen, in heart. In both patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by enzyme assessment. Our patients showed that GSD IV is not only liver or skeletal muscle disease, but also it can be presented in different form of the spectrum of cardiomyopathy from dilated to hypertrophic and from asymptomatic to decompensated heart failure. Also, to our knowledge, this is the first hypertrophic cardiomyopathy case due to GSD IV in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]