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Bandwidth demand for transferring data among different consumer electronic products is increasing rapidly. Due to issues of high propagation loss, electromagnetic interference, and limited bandwidth- distance product of the present copper-based electrical cables, consumer electronic devices may not provide the bandwidth required for future high-capacity applications. The Intel Corporation has proposed Light Peak technology, allowing data transfer between electronic devices at 10 Gb/s in optical domain. To establish a reliable Light Peak connection, robust optical fiber is highly required. In this paper, we discuss the fabrication and characterization of a new type of 80-μm large-core optical fiber. We perform 10 Gb/s bit-error-rate measurements using 850 and 1550-nm transceivers. The results show that even though we have enlarged the fiber core diameter by 60% (from 50 to 80 μm) in order to increase the laser-to-fiber alignment tolerance, transmission bandwidth and distance required by Light Peak can still be achieved in this new type of large-core optical fiber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a method for measuring the refractive index (RI) of liquid organic chemicals. The scheme is based on a single-mode fiber (SMF) sensor and an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR). Here, due to the different reflectance (R) between the SMF and organic liquid chemicals, the reflected power level of the backscattering light (BSL) measured by the OTDR would be different. Therefore, we can measure the RI of chemical under test via the measured BSL level. The proposed RI sensor is simple and easy to manipulate, with stable detected signals, and has the potential to be a valuable tool for use in biological and chemical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this demonstration, we propose and investigate a long reach passive optical network (PON) using four wavelength-multiplexed signals with both on-off keying modulations for 40 Gb/s downlink traffic in 100 km fiber transmission without dispersion compensation. In the exchange node, we can use four channels with video services broadcasting to each optical network unit (ONU) for the uplink signal remodulation. Hence, four wavelength-multiplexed video signals also can be used to inject into the corresponding reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers in each ONU for uplink signal remodulation to achieve a 4 x 2.5 Gb/s data rate. In addition, under the 32 split ratio PON system, the power penalties of nearly 6.7 and 1 dB could be measured at the bit error rate of 10-9 for the downlink and uplink traffic, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel distributed-controlled protection architecture for automatic and fast network restoration in wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON). The proposed scheme can support both C and L bands. Besides, duplication of network equipments, such as optical networking unit (ONU) or optical line terminal, is not required. In this distributed-controlled system, each ONU can always keep track of the network status. Hence, this can facilitate the network manage by removing the work loads from the central office. Besides, the proposed scheme can tolerate simultaneous fiber cuts in the feeder and distributed fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based passive sensor architecture, which can be used to protect the fiber cut and monitor the multiple sensors simultaneously, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Here, we employ a wavelength-tunable erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser scheme with 25 km cavity length acting as the detecting light source in central office (CO). Each FBG sensor, serving as a feedback element, is used in proposed sensor architecture. By tuning the tunable bandpass filter (TBF) placing inside cavity to match the corresponding Bragg wavelength of FBG over the amplification bandwidth, we can retrieve the related wavelength lasing for the FBG sensing and monitoring simultaneously. Moreover, the survivability and capacity of the passive FBG sensor architecture can be also enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visible light optical wireless communication supporting single-input multiple-output quality of service (QoS) by using an indoor light-emitting diode, a mobile-phone camera and a photodetector is proposed and demonstrated for the first time. The proposed system can support two fixed-rate QoS transmissions for two different applications. By employing the rolling shutter effect of the mobile-phone camera, the data rate of the first data link can be greatly enhanced. The experimental result shows that the proposed system can support the first data link operated at 300 bit/s by using a mobile-phone camera and the second data link at 38.4 kbit/s by using a photodetector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, a 71.3 to 148.4 Mbit s−1 white phosphor-LED visible light communication (VLC) system is proposed and demonstrated under the practical transmission length of 140 to 210 cm. Here, a commercial white-light LED lamp with five cascaded phosphor-LED chips is utilized for illumination and communication simultaneously. In the measurement, we utilize the optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing quadrature amplitude modulation (OFDM-QAM) with bit-loading algorithm and propose an optimal bias-tee circuit design to improve the modulation bandwidth from 1 MHz to 27 MHz. Moreover, a blue optical filter is not used on the client side. Finally, to realize and demonstrate the real-time transmission performance in the proposed LED VLC system, a commercial OFDM-based digital signal processor (DSP) chip is utilized on the LED lighting side and client side, respectively. Hence, the proposed real-time half-duplex VLC transmission could achieve the 70 Mbit s−1 downstream and upstream data throughputs, under a practical transmission length of 200 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and demonstrate a compact and portable-size 84-GHz passive mode-locked fiber laser, in which a dual-fiber coupled fused-quartz microresonator is employed as the intracavity optical comb filter as well as the optical nonlinear material for optical frequency comb generation. About eight coherent optical tones can be generated in the proposed fiber laser. The 20-dB bandwidth is larger than 588 GHz. The full-width half-maximum pulse-width of the proposed laser is 2.5 ps. We also demonstrate the feasibility of using the proposed passive mode-locked fiber laser to carry a 5-Gbit ∕ s on-off-keying signal and transmit over 20-km standard single mode fiber. A 7%forward error correction requirement can be achieved, showing the proposed fiber laser can be a potential candidate for fiber-wireless applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use a commercially available 1.2 GHz bandwidth reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA)--based optical network unit (ONU) to achieve 10-gbits/s upstream traffic for an optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) long-reach passive optical network (LR-PON). This is the first time the 64--quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) OFDM format has been applied to RSOA-ONU to achieve a 75 km fiber transmission length. In the proposed LR-PON, the upstream power penalty of 5.2 dB at the bit error rate of 3.8 × 10-3 is measured by using a 64-QAM OFDM modulation after the 75 km fiber transmission without dispersion compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

White-light phosphor-based light-emitting diode (LED) can be used to provide lighting and visible light communication (VLC) simultaneously. However, the long relaxation time of phosphor can reduce the modulation bandwidth and limit the VLC data rate. Recent VLC works focus on improving the LED modulation bandwidths. Here, we propose and demonstrate the use of adaptive Volterra filtering (AVF) to increase the data rate of a white-light LED VLC system. The detailed algorithm and implementation of the AVF for the VLC system have been discussed. Using our proposed electrical frontend circuit and the proposed AVF, a significant data rate enhancement to 700.68 Mbit/s is achieved after 1-m free-space transmission using a single white-light phosphor-based LED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visible-light communication (VLC) is license free and electromagnetic-interference free; it thus can be deployed in radio-frequency forbidden areas. The lightemitting diode (LED) system providing simultaneously lighting, VLC, and positioning is highly desirable for providing real-time tracking, monitoring, and navigating with very little extra cost. We propose and demonstrate a multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) VLC-positioning system using white-light LEDs. Our scheme is based on MIMO to provide both position and VLC. Experimental results show that the proposed MIMO VLC system can achieve a bit-error rate of 10-10, while the positioning errors are within 1 cm. Numerical analyses are also performed, showing the positioning error can be measured within 1 cm. Further analysis of tilting angle of the receiver is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is predicted that the number of internet-of-things (IoT) devices will be >28 billion in 2020. Due to the shortage of the conventional radio-frequency spectrum, using visible light communication (VLC) for IoT can be promising. IoT networks may only require very low-data rate communication for transmitting sensing or identity information. The implementation of a VLC link on existing computer communication standards and interfaces is important. Among the standards, universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) is very popular. We propose and demonstrate a VLC-over-UART system. Bit error rate analysis is performed. Different components and modules used in the proposed VLC-over-UART system are discussed. Then, we also demonstrate a real-time simultaneous temperature, humidity, and illuminance monitoring using the proposed VLC link. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional visible light communication (VLC) uses positive-intrinsic-negative photodiode (PD) or avalanche PD as the optical receivers (Rx). We demonstrate using a solar cell as the VLC Rx. The solar cell is flexible and low cost and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal directly without the need of external power supply. In addition to acting as the VLC passive Rx, the converted electrical signal from the solar cell can charge up the battery of the Rx nodes. Hence, the proposed scheme can be a promising candidate for the future Internet of Things network. However, a solar cell acting as a VLC Rx is very challenging, since the response of the solar cell is limited. Here, we propose and demonstrate using predistortion to significantly enhance the solar cell Rx response for the first time up to the authors' knowledge. Experimental results show that the response of the solar cell Rx is significantly enhanced; and the original 2-kHz detection bandwidth of the solar cell can be enhanced by 250 times for receiving 500-kbit/s VLC signal at a transmission distance of 1 m. The operation principle, the generated voltage by the solar cell, and the maximum data rates achieved at different transmission distances are also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this demonstration, a stable and tunable single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser with multiple-ring configuration is proposed and investigated. The proposed compound-ring structure can create different free spectrum ranges (FSRs) to result in the mode-filter effect based on the Vernier effect for suppressing the other modes. Additionally, the output stabilization of power and wavelength in the proposed EDF multiple-ring laser are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]