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The CAROM technology of Moa, Cuba, pours millions of tons of tailings into the environment every year with a high concentration of valuable metallic species that can be recovered, for this reason the objective of this work is to determine the dense-granulometric and chemical behavior of the tailings for their separation. For this, the elutriation method was used to separate the particles based on the combination of granulometry and density properties. The chemical composition was determined through the technique of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. It was obtained that, in the overflow, in the finest fractions iron and aluminum can be recovered, at the highest and lowest density respectively. In the coarse fraction at the lowest density, nickel, magnesium and silicon are recovered. In the finer fractions and lower density of the sands, manganese is recovered, while at the highest density cobalt and chromium are recovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumption of added sugar is associated with weight gain and metabolic syndrome, but most importantly with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Sugarsweetened beverages (SSBs) in the form of soft drinks or sodas constitute a major source of added sugar with its attendant ill effects on health. Of particular concern is the rising consumption of soft drinks among young people. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the reduction of free sugars to <10% of total energy intake due to their potential implications in dental caries, weight gain and CVD consequences, however, adherence to this recommendation is generally very low. Noncaloric drinks in the form of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) (diet sodas) are popular as alternatives to SSBs. However, these sweeteners may also have various negative, albeit at a lesser degree, health outcomes, including weight gain, obesity, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, and CV events. Finally, substantially lower health risks are incurred from 100% fruit juice consumption compared with SSBs. All these issues are herein reviewed and measures are discussed to lessen the consequences of such an unhealthy dietary behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the municipality of Marmato, region in which the mining tradition of gold has been present for over 450 years, the weak planning and the lack presence of the State, has caused an mining environmental crisis that goes from the uncontrolled and chaotic opening of UPM across the municipality, until overlapping titles and the vulnerability of some areas as a result of improper disposal of sterile material throughout its slopes. As a consequence of such a scenario, the research conducted in the Marmato Mining District (DMM) in order to identify, analyze and evaluate the risks associated with gold mining in 240 UPMwith reference to the methodology described in the Manual for Risk Assessment of Abandoned Mining Operations or Paralyzed (FMA/P), where we present calculations and standard features like the Rigour of the Consequences (SC) related to the damage that can be generated by the presence of the risk over a receptor, be it a human being or the environment, as well as the calculation of the Probability Index (IP) which is obtained by a two variables matricial combination. One of those variables is linked to the time in which the receptor is exposed to the risk. Added to the estimation of these variables, it is necessary a delimitation of each scenario which is why we define risk scenarios by security (ERS) and by contamination (ERC) in order to prioritize them at the Mining Distict. The main conclusion we got is that there's a high probability of occurrence of a landslide or avalanche on the top of the DMM and a possible way to find a solution is formulating infrastructure projects to exploit the sterile material collected from the UPM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La importancia de las elecciones americanas del 4 de noviembre de 2008 ha movilizado no sólo a los medios de comunicación estadounidenses, sino también a los españoles. La actual situación de crisis económica ha acentuado el interés por conocer el proceso electoral del país donde se inició la recesión y del cuál se espera sea el impulsor, junto a la Unión Europea, de una salida al desequilibrio en las reservas económicas. Esta investigación, a través de un método analítico y observacional de los principales programas informativos de las cadenas televisivas generalistas y de los programas especiales desarrollados sobre el proceso electoral estadounidense en televisión, pretende demostrar el amplio despliegue televisivo para dar cobertura a una campaña electoral histórica, y cómo se llevó a cabo la realización del evento según los medios técnicos y humanos desplazados por cada cadena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the work is carried out a study of the hysique chemical regularities of the process of organic sour leaching of the cobalt of the solid residuals of the nickel factory ¨Comandante René Ramos Latour¨. With the investigation it is possible to check the influence that they have the content of fed solid, the initial concentration of the used acid and the flow of the solution in the process of extraction of the cobalt. It is possible to recover experimentally at one time until 63% of the present cobalt in the lines of 4 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Moa, province of Holguin, two nickel plants processes ferronickeliferous weathering crust to obtain Ni. One of them uses acid technology and the other one CARON process. The metallurgical efficiency of the Caron technology in the nickel plant "Ernesto Che Guevara" reports values bellow 80 %. Several investigations have been done to increase the efficiency which include from the analysis of the quality of the raw materials to the characterization of the tailings. Ten samples of tailings from leaching and ammonia process were analysed by means of X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence with the purpose of determining its mineralogical composition. It was found that substantial differences don't exist in the composition of both tailings and it was inferred the formation of maghemite, instead of or jointly with the magnetite, during the metallurgical process, being both the predominant phases in the analysed tailings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nicaro factory poured its tailings at deposits, in which there are approximately 90 millions of tons containing no less than 4 millions of tons chromite that have been removed bay means of gravitational beneficiation at Siderurgical Researchs Center. From the tailing, has been obtained a chromite concentrate, it has been investigated as a base material in refractary paints in foundry, obtaining good results. From this concentrate (as a raw material of chemical degree and fine grain) has not been taken advantages up to this moment, to use it in obtainment of chemical products. The main objective of this work is to show the most important properties to enhance this concentrated for materializing its availability in the chemical reagents production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]