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Considers the censorship of writers in 18th century France. Distinction between legality and legitimacy in the field of literature during the period; Efforts exerted by the playwrights of the Engligtenment era to oppose the censorship policy in the country.

Discusses the life of French author Olympe de Gouges and her influence on women through her publications. How she was known as 'radical,' revolutionary,' 'the first French feminist,' and the 'militant abolitionist'; Investigation on the experiences of Gouges; Emphasis on centrality with ancient regime literary institutions and culture.

Presents an article discussing the background of teaching the French Revolution through digital multi-media. Types of problems central to the way historians represent history; Method developed for delivering archives of the French Revolution to students; Relation of French Revolution historians to the non-academic public.

Offers a look on the responses of playwrights to `the fall' of plays by Pierre-Agustin Caron de Beaumarchais in the eighteenth century. Significance of `the fall' to the royal theater, Comedie Francaise; Implications of a play `fall' on playwrights; Plans of the First Gentlemen; Views of Beaumarchais on the petition for literary property in the old regime; Property and power in the age of enlightenment.

Focuses on the critical responses to utopianism in French political discourse during the second half of the 18th century. Elements of political discourse; Types of periodical literature; Significance of the periodical `Annee litteraire.'

Determines the conformation of tetrasaccharides in an aqueous solution using high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Measurement of the dissociation rates and equilibrium binding constants of the glycoprotein complexes; Calculation of the bound conformations of the ligand; Use of the prolate ellipsoid model.

A number of studies have established that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulates cortical excitability. We previously demonstrated polarity dependent changes in parietal lobe blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI in a group of young adults during a spatial navigation task [15] . Here we used resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) to examine whether analogous changes were also evident during the resting state. Participants were randomized to either a parietal-anodal, frontal-cathodal (P+F−) or the opposite montage (P−F+) and received 20 min of tDCS (2 mA) before undergoing resting-state fMRI. rsFC was evaluated between the groups by placing a seed in the medial superior parietal lobule (mSPL), which was under the target electrode. rsFC between the mSPL and a number of other areas involved in spatial navigation, scene processing, and sensorimotor processing was significantly higher in the P+F− than the P−F+ group. Thus, the modulatory effects of tDCS were evident during rest and suggest that stimulation primes not just the underlying neocortex but an extended network that can be recruited as necessary during active task performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant genetic defect in heme synthesis. Patients with this illness can have episodic life-threatening attacks characterized by abdominal pain, neurological deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. Feigning this illness has not been reported in the English language literature to date. Here, we report on a patient who presented to the hospital with an acute attack of porphyria requesting opiates. Diligent assessment of extensive prior treatment records revealed thirteen negative tests for AIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Delay discounting is associated with numerous clinically significant aspects of substance use disorders (SUDs). Recent studies have demonstrated that different models for assessing discounting may result in disparate conclusions. The current study compared two discounting tasks: money now versus money later (M-M) and methamphetamine now versus money later (MA-M) among non-treatment seeking individuals (N = 59) with methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD). Results from each task were assessed using three different models for assessing delay discounting.Methods: Discounting data were fit to three models of discounting, log k using Mazur's hyperbolic formula, area under the curve (AUC), and an alternative AUC model in which the delay values have been log transformed (AUClog).Results: For both discounting tasks, the distribution of model-related outcomes were normally distributed when using log k and AUClog, but skewed for AUC. Discounting in the MA-M task was significantly greater compared to the M-M task when using log k and AUClog but not AUC.Conclusion: To our knowledge, the current study is the first to report significantly greater discounting in a MA-M relative to M-M discounting task among individuals with MAUD, an outcome consistent with other psychomotor stimulants and drugs of abuse.Scientific Significance: The differential results observed across the three discounting models reaffirm potential issues with AUC noted in recent studies and highlight that researchers must be cautious when deciding on their final model of discounting. (Am J Addict 2018;XX:1-8). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]