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Poor eating habits, especially high-fat and -glucose diets intake, can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in islet β-cells, insulin resistance, and islet β-cell dysfunction and cause islet β-cell apoptosis, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Taurine is a crucial amino acid in the human body. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism through which taurine reduces glycolipid toxicity. INS-1 islet β-cell lines were cultured with a high concentration of fat and glucose. SD rats were fed a high-fat and -glucose diet. MTS, Transmission electron microscopy, Flow cytometry, Hematoxylin-eosin, TUNEL, Western blotting analysis and other methods were used to detect relevant indicators. The research found that taurine increases the cell activity, reduces the apoptosis rate, alleviates the structural changes of ER under high-fat and -glucose exposure models. In addition, taurine improves blood lipid content and islets pathological changes, regulates the relative protein expression in ER stress and apoptosis, increases the insulin sensitivity index (HOMA-IS), and reduces the insulin resistance index (HOMAC-IR) of SD rats fed with a high-fat and -glucose diet. • Taurine can prevent T2DM caused by excessive high-fat and -glucose diets. • Apoptosis induced by HFHG diets are alleviated by taurine through inhibiting ER stress signalling pathway in islet β-cells. • Taurine can reduce the weight gain, blood sugar and insulin resistance caused by glycolipid toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time-space four-dimensional motion target localization is a fundamental and challenging task in the field of intelligent driving, and an important part of achieving the upgrade in existing target localization technologies. In order to solve the problem of the lack of localization of moving targets in a spatio-temporal four-dimensional environment in the existing spatio-temporal data model, this paper proposes an optical imaging model in the four-dimensional time-space system and a mathematical model of the object-image point mapping relationship in the four-dimensional time-space system based on the central perspective projection model, combined with the one-dimensional "time" and three-dimensional "space". After adding the temporal dimension, the imaging system parameters are extended. In order to solve the nonlinear mapping problem of complex systems, this paper proposes to construct a time-space four-dimensional object-image mapping relationship model based on a BP artificial neural network and demonstrates the feasibility of the joint time-space four-dimensional imaging model theory. In addition, indoor time-space four-dimensional localization prediction experiments verify the performance of the model in this paper. The maximum relative error rates of the predicted motion depth values, time values, and velocity values of this localization method compared with the real values do not exceed 0.23%, 2.03%, and 1.51%, respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Binocular stereo vision is an important scheme of road environment perception for intelligent driving, because it can provide image information and spatial three-dimensional position information. However, binocular stereo matching is often disturbed by the environment, and noise, shadow, light transformation, and so on, will all cause mismatching, therefore it is impossible to carry out accurate 3D reconstruction. In this paper, an active imaging perception and target measurement method combining laser scanning and binocular vision is proposed. The binocular vision structure is used to simulate the human eye's observation of the environment in front of the vehicle. At the same time, through the laser lines scanned to the target, the strong characteristics of binocular matching are provided to enhance the anti-interference of binocular matching, and calculate the three-dimensional point cloud data of the front object according to the binocular stereo vision theory. Firstly, this paper studies the influence of the parameters changing of the system on the accuracy of object depth value in indoor environment, and then selects the most suitable system parameters to carry out three-dimensional reconstruction experiment on the actual target object in indoor environment. Finally, the scene experiment in outdoor environment is carried out. In the outdoor environment, the red spectrum laser equipped in the system can still effectively reconstruct the target surface radian, but there are some limitations due to the limitation of outdoor light intensity. This paper preliminarily summarizes the current structural design and experiment, and further discusses the follow-up research and improvement ideas. Research and experiments show that the laser scanning binocular stereo vision imaging system proposed in this paper has the function of forward target ranging, especially under some bad imaging environment, this method can also effectively match the binocular images, and present the three-dimensional information of the internal details of the target. Under the indoor experimental environment, the minimum relative error is 1.42 % for the target with a distance of about 1.5 m, and in the evening outdoor environment, the minimum the minimum relative error is 0.87 % for the target with a distance of about 3 m. Due to the advantages of laser line intensity feature matching, it can accelerate the speed of binocular matching, and has potential application prospects in autonomous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]