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Coming out to parents can have beneficial long-term mental health outcomes for gay men. Though studies have explored the phenomenon of coming out, there are limited qualitative insights regarding the emotions that gay men experienced after disclosing their sexual orientation. Nineteen interviews with Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino American, and White/Caucasian American self-identified and out gay men, ages 19–30, were analyzed using the iterative process associated with inductive qualitative thematic analysis. Data showed that parental willingness to engage in conversations about their son's sexual identity helped sixteen participants to (i) have a release from heteronormative expectations, (ii) have renewed self-confidence, (iii) be unapologetically themselves, and (iv) engage in critical normalization of sexual identity conversations. Interestingly though, for three participants, these conversations had no overall impact on their mental health. For the majority, coming out helped to create a positive shift in overall mental health—more specifically the conversations helped improve their self-esteem; as once their parents knew of their sexuality, they no longer cared about social pressures to conform. Accordingly, they began publicly building social support and friendship networks. For a few, coming out was viewed as a formality and had no lasting impact on their overall mental health. Study findings underscored both the benefits and importance of open communications between parents and their gay sons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on Black/African American males' depressive experiences and expressions is still developing. While research has shown that men are less likely to be diagnosed with depression when compared to women, the experiences of Black/African Americans are often ignored at a far greater level. This study aimed to highlight how Black/African American men understood, discussed, and dealt with their depression. Interviews of N = 4 Black/African American men were analyzed from a larger qualitative study that examined depression among Blacks/African Americans. Qualitative content analysis techniques, which included open coding, were used to identify themes within the interviews that identified similarities across participant's experiences. The themes highlighted within this report included: (a) depressive episodes as responses to traumatic life events; (b) family and paternal significance for Black/African American men; (c) substance use and sleeping as coping/treatment; and (d) stigma as the greatest impediment to help-seeking and service use. Blacks/African Americans experienced depression within the classical contextualization of the DSM-V. However, they quickly learned to adapt to their experiences, push through the pain, and identify their experiences as normal parts of everyday living. The paper ends with some recommended practice implications for service providers who are interested in working with Black/African American men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parent-child communications have historically played a critical role in helping to socialize adolescents' and young adults' attitudes toward sexual behaviors. However, there are limited studies that have examined the impact of parent-child communications with gay males, and sexual behaviors. Nineteen (N = 19) Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino American, and White/Caucasian American gay males were asked about the impact of having communications with their parents on topics regarding sexual behavior and sexual identity. Interviews were transcribed using the iterative processes associated with thematic analysis. For many of the participants, these conversations resulted in parent-child communications that were effective, especially regarding a) sexual safety, b) condom use, and c) comfort with talking about sex. For some, however, these conversations were most effective when they were single and non-monogamous. Lastly, a few participants stated that these conversations were not effective as the contents of the conversations did not apply to their sexual desires. For these participants, the conversations with their parents helped shaped their sexual behaviors and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to bridge the existing gap in the parent-child communications literature with a specific focus on parent-gay son communications regarding sexual identity, after coming out. Nineteen interviews with self-identified gay men, ages 19–30, were transcribed and analyzed using the iterative qualitative content analysis methods. Communications vacillated between discouraging and affirming as they helped participants develop renewed confidence about their sexual identity. Although the overall conversational content lacked adequate, relevant, and/or time-sensitive information for these participants, it helped boost self-esteem, created attitudinal changes toward their own sexual identity. Recommendations are provided for both parent and child who are engaging in these conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study examined gay men's recalled conversations about sexual identity and sexual behaviors with both their mothers and fathers. Thirteen interviews with gay men, ages 19-30, were analyzed using the iterative inductive and deductive processes related to descriptive qualitative analysis. Results showed that parents initially assumed their sons were heterosexual, initially viewed homosexuality as a sin, engaged in conversations around sexual safety, and provided limited HIV information in these conversations. However, mothers approached these conversations with broader emotional reactions to their son's sexuality, while fathers displayed narrower sentimental ranges and provided more tangible, less emotional support for their sons. Though these mothers and fathers were accepting of their sons, they drew from their socialized gender experiences when engaging in these conversations. Recommendations guiding parents and children to start or continue in such conversations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study explored the scholarship experiences of top-ranked African American faculty in schools of social work. Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with N = 10 top-ranked African American faculty identified as achieving considerable productivity and impact of scholarship. Findings: Four major themes were identified, each of which had 2–3 subcategories. These included (1) mentorship, (2) collaboration, (3) time, and (4) strategic planning. The data revealed that of these identified themes, mentorship was the most prominent, and collaboration, although important, was the least. Implications: The noted experiences and strategies highlighted in this study could be of great utility for those seeking to enhance their scholarly productivity and impact, particularly for (a) junior faculty, (b) African American faculty, and (c) doctoral student researchers and candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:This article examines the publication productivity of the (N= 14) top-ranked U.S. Black/African American scholars in theU.S. News and World ReportSchools of Social Work, as identified by Huggins-Hoyt, Holosko, Briggs, and Barner (2015).Method:Publication information for each participant were taken from the Publish or Perish software site with an “author impact” search criteria that examined their lifetime publication history.Results:Results suggested that these authors: (a) published collaboratively, (b) published highly on issues pertaining to Black/African American inequality, and (c) published in journals with both high-impact scores and high-impact readership.Findings:Despite the low numbers of Black/African American scholars serving as full professors in U.S. colleges and universities, the techniques they used to circumvent systematic and structural academic barriers provide helpful tips that younger Black/African American scholars could employ when writing and publishing their research findings. However, additional research is needed to further unearth differences, and/or expectations, based on numerous variables, which includes but not limited to: (a) academic rank, (b) funded research, (c) promotion and tenure expectations, and (d) advancement of more Black/African American academic scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: Gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) individuals appear to have an increased likelihood of alcohol use disorders and treatment utilization for alcohol related problems compared to heterosexual individuals. Despite this increase, treatment utilization rates among GLB individuals remain low. In an effort to address this, our paper examined whether or not GLB individuals encounter unique barriers when pursuing treatment for alcohol related problems.Methods: Using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol Related Conditions (NESARC), we examined service sector specific factors, some of which included (a) utilization rates, (b) self-reported treatment barriers, and (c) whether or not there were emergent differences among GLB individuals, after controlling for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.Results: Findings indicated that GLB individuals reported higher severity rates for alcohol use disorders when compared to heterosexual individuals, and were significantly more likely to utilize treatment services for alcohol related problems, however, not across all treatment sectors. While similar patterns were observed when examining barriers to treatment, bisexual individuals reported significantly more barriers than heterosexual and gay/lesbian individuals.Conclusion: These findings underscored the importance of identifying and developing interventions that addresses treatment barriers associated with alcohol use service utilization among GLB populations, and creating improved outreach and education programs to better address stigmas associated with substance use and sexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how parental involvement satisfaction (PIS) in terms of accessibility, engagement, and responsibility (A-E-R) among of noncustodial African American fathers (NCAAFs) may be explained by the pre- and post-conception relationship durations they have with their children's mothers, controlling for quality of communication satisfaction (QCS) with the mothers. Method: A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed with a sample size of N=163 NCAAFS who were surveyed participants in the Parenting Time Visitation Program (PTVP) in Atlanta and Savannah, Georgia communities. Results: There no significant relationships found between pre/post-conception relationship durations and PIS in terms of A-E-R, even when controlling for QCS. Correlational and crosstabulation analyses did reveal some interesting patterns of note. Discussion: This study extends the literature on noncustodial father involvement with their children and provides valuable insight to co-parenting studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mood and anxiety disorders are the most burdensome mental health disorders related to work functioning. This study conducted an in-depth analysis on how mood and anxiety disorders impact work functioning and what strategies may be effective in managing challenges at work. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 clinicians and 6 patients. Participants reported mood and anxiety symptoms impacted productivity, tardiness, absenteeism, and interpersonal difficulties. Participants also reported challenges with disclosure and stigma upon disclosure in the workplace. Most common treatment strategies used were CBT, DBT, and mindfulness. These results inform intervention and educational efforts to improve work outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Informed by attachment theory, the current study explores whether the association between bullying victimization and STIs acquisition among African American youth is moderated by general parental communication or parental communication about sex. Method : Data were collected from 546 African American adolescents in four neighborhoods in Chicago's South Side. Univariate analyses, Spearman's rank-order correlation analyses, and hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: A positive association between bullying victimization and STIs acquisition was found. General parental communication did not moderate the association between bullying victimization and STIs acquisition. However, parental communication about sex did moderate the association between bullying victimization and youth STIs acquisition. Discussion: The study has important implications for developing interventions to address the adverse consequences of bully victimization that emphasize parental communication about sex as a major component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current study seeks to investigate the extent to which factors such as income and child support along with relationship factors such as family structure and communication with the custodial mother potentially mitigate overall parent satisfaction for African American noncustodial fathers (NCFs) with multi-partnered fertility (MPF). Methods: 163 noncustodial fathers without and with children other than the custodial parents were selected. An independent sample t-test was conducted to determine differences in satisfaction levels. Multiple linear regression was conducted to predict participants' overall level of parental involvement satisfaction by income, child support, and relationship factors. Results: The data illustrates the combined influence of income, child support, relationship factors, and family structure account for a significant amount of the variance in satisfaction. Fathers without MPF reported greater satisfaction levels. Conclusions: Future study is recommended to advance our understanding of the predictors of NCFs parent satisfaction among NCFs with and without MPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We assessed citation impact scholarship of women in the top 25-ranked schools of social work in the United States. Method: We used a mixed methodology. Part 1 was a secondary data analysis of the top-25 U.S. News and World Report ranked schools from 2012 using the Hirsch h-index over a 10-year period. Qualitative interviews were conducted with graduates from top-ranked schools. We then examined the faculty websites. Results: The mean h-score was 18.64. The majority of these women were employed at the University of Washington (n = 6), followed by Columbia University and the Universities of Southern California (n = 3, respectively), Michigan, and California at Berkeley (n = 2, respectively). Discussion: The overall impact scores for these women are significant and speak to a number of factors including negotiating long-standing systemic and structural variables. We continue to describe elements of research cultures, which are essential to our profession’s academic development in today’s corporate university cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Research on the influences of child support on the parental involvement of non-custodial father is mixed. Method: This study uses one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to examine non-custodial fathers' satisfaction with levels of accessibility to his child, degree of engagement in daily activities, level of responsibility for child's wellbeing and custodial parents parenting practices. These variables were measured against child support payment related behaviors to include income levels, monthly child support obligation, view of fairness of payment, maintaining a current status, and the number of additional child support cases. Results: Results indicated significant mean differences in the combined parental satisfaction variable and specifically within custodial parent parenting practices. Mean differences in parental satisfaction with reference to degree of responsibility for the child were also effected by monthly child support payment amounts. No significance differences in parental satisfaction were found regarding fairness of child support payment amount or having multiple child support cases. However, small differences were noted concerning payment status of current or behind. Discussion: Implications for future study of fatherless families are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extent of the representation of concepts of race, racial disproportionality, racial disparities, and diversity in child welfare journal publications and authorship are the foci of this content analysis study. Two top-tier and one second-tier child welfare-focused journal outlets were examined. The frequency of mention of the concepts of racial disproportionality, racial disparities, and diversity is lower than the number of articles published. Also, first authors who were male and those from non-Caucasian racial/ethnic background were least likely to be represented. This study highlights recommendations for increasing the research and scholarly publications by authors from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds as a means for increasing the emphasis on race, racial disproportionality, racial disparities, and diversity in research, scholarship, policy, practice, and the future education of social workers specializing in the field of child welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Purpose This study examined the effect of privatization policy on the issue of racial disparity in the child welfare system. Method Specific outcomes for N = 118,761 foster children across 10 states were compared to determine if the state system type [privatized vs. non-privatized] had any influence on disparities in outcomes by race. Results A main effect emerged for race and in the interactions between system type and race. Discussion The extent of disparity for children of color in foster care was supported, but for some outcomes, both groups fared better in privatized systems. Highlights • Statistical significance in the main effect comparisons by race and interactions between system type and race were found. • Disparity for children of color was supported overall but for some outcomes they may fare better in privatized systems. • Black children fared worse on outcomes than their White counterparts but marginally better on some in privatized systems. • Black children may fare better in privatized systems because they are less populated in those states (19% vs 27% public). • AI/AN children had more removals and longer stays in their placements than their counterparts in privatized systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring the safety of American children is one of the chief mandates of the U.S. Child Welfare System. Yet system differences, including privatization remain an area of concern for whether safety of children is achieved. This study examined the effect of privatization policy on the performance of state child welfare systems in terms of achieving national safety outcome standards. N 1 = 10 states systems (5 privatized and 5 public systems) with N 2 = 118,761 foster care cases located throughout the U.S. Using data from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS), safety outcome performance measures were assessed, as were child-/case factors to predict the likelihood of the system types meeting the national safety outcome standards. Logistic regression models of child, case, and system factors predicting the likelihood state systems met national safety outcome performance standards were statistically significant. Private systems, compared to non-private systems, were found to have lower odds of meeting the safety outcome 1 standard (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.40–0.42), but greater odds of meeting the safety outcome 2 standard (OR = 6.79, 95% CI = 6.56–7.02). The implementation of privatization policy in state child welfare/foster care service delivery was found to have mixed results in terms of the national safety outcome standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]