Search

A simple, efficient, green, and organic solventless dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure was developed to determine Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in water and fruit juice samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In this study, for the first time, both of dispersive and extraction solvents of the method are deep eutectic solvents. Therefore, it is performed without using any organic solvent. The dispersive solvent is composed of choline chloride and butyric acid at a molar ratio of 1:2. The solvent prepared from a mixture of choline chloride and phenylacetic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 is acted as an extraction solvent. Effect of various analytical parameters such as constituents and molar ratios of dispersive and extraction solvents, volume of the synthesized solvents, temperature, ionic strength, and pH of sample solution on extraction efficiency of the method were investigated and optimized. After optimization of the method, good linearity in the ranges of 0.29–40 μg L−1 and 0.5–40 μg L−1 with coefficients of determination of 0.9919 and 0.9976 was obtained for Co(II) and Ni(II), respectively. Low limits of detection were obtained for Co(II) and Ni(II) (0.10 and 0.17 μg L−1, respectively). The extraction recoveries of the analytes were 95.4% and 92.8% for Co(II) and Ni(II), respectively. To investigate validity of the method, SPS-WW2 as a certificate reference material was analyzed with the proposed method. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in different water and fruit juice samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Ascorbic acid, d -sorbitol, and glycerol are used as important food additives. In this research work, the thermophysical properties (viscosities and refractive indices) of binary solution of (water + ascorbic acid) and ternary solutions of [(water + ascorbic acid + glycerol)] and [(water + ascorbic acid + d -sorbitol)] were measured in different mass fractions of ascorbic acid (0.03 to 0.21) at temperatures (T = 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. For mixtures of this study, the experimental values of viscosity and refractive index increase by increasing solute concentration and decrease by temperature growth. The experimental values of viscosity were correlated with the Jones-Dole and Kampmeyer-Girifalco equations. Also, the experimental values of refractive index were correlated with a semi-empirical equation which its constant, K r , was suggested and introduced by Koohyar in 2018. Finally, derived thermodynamic properties (change of refractive index on mixing, Δ n D , and activation energy for viscous flow, E a(vis)) were obtained using refractive index and viscosity data. The obtained data were applied for investigation on interaction between solute and solvent molecules in studied mixtures of this research work. Highlights • Study was done on aqueous solutions of ascorbic acid, (acid ascorbic + d -sorbitol) and (ascorbic acid + glycerol). • The viscosities and refractive indices were measured. • A semi-empirical equation was used for fitting refractive index data. • Jones-Dole and Kampmeyer-Girifalco equations were applied to fit viscosity data. • The obtained data can be used to study on force of interactions between solute and solvent molecules of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a simple and sensitive analytical method was developed for the determination of some heavy metal ions in aqueous samples using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. In this method, firstly, cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized before they were functionalized with a deep eutectic solvent. The used functionalization solvent was prepared by mixing choline chloride and p -aminophenol. The obtained new nanoadsorbent was used for the extraction of Zn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Hg(II) from the sample solutions by dispersive micro solid phase extraction. The effect of some important parameters such as the sorbent amount, ionic strength, pH, agitation mode and time, and elution solvent type and volume on the extraction efficiency of the method was investigated. Broad linear ranges (1.83–200 ng mL−1) with low limits of detection in the range of 0.54–1.3 ng mL−1 were obtained. The accuracy of the developed method was investigated by determination of the analytes in a certified reference material (SPS-WW2 Batch 108 water). The extraction recoveries of the analytes were obtained in the range of 72–90%. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to determine the selected ions in different water and fruit juice samples, and the relative recoveries were obtained in the range of 85–104%. • Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were functionalized with a deep eutectic solvent. • A green solvent instead of toxic and expensive reagents was used for modification. • The sorbent was used for the extraction of Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Hg. • Using low amount of sorbent and low LODs were important features of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the discovery of a micropillar-based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) coupled resonator sensor (CRS) in detecting flow rates of gases with different densities. The fabricated QCM CRS was housed in a stainless steel chamber and the resonance frequency changes associated with gas flow at small values of mass flow rates inside the chamber were measured. Argon and helium were used as the test gases. The results obtained revealed an extraordinary sensitivity to mass flow rate changes under room temperature and flow rates as low as 20 sccm. Moreover, the QCM-CRS system was able to differentiate the densities of the two gases. Identical experiments conducted using a bare QCM showed that the mass flow rates had negligible effects on the QCM resonance frequency response. Thus, it is evident that a coupled resonance phenomenon plays a significant role in enabling the QCM to be sensitive to small mass changes caused by differences in flow rates. We propose that the QCM-CRS system can be used as a new class of mass flow sensing element, especially for flow measurement in vacuum processing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bladder and urethral agenesis is an extremely rare anomaly; bladder agenesis is seldom compatible with life. Only 20 live births have been reported of the 60 known cases. Our cases represent the 21st and 22nd live births with bladder agenesis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/c charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1 ± 0.6 % and 84.1 ± 0.6 %, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce even and odd deformed photon added nonlinear coherent states which in a special case lead to the even and odd photon-added coherent states | z, m〉. After choosing a particular nonlinearity function corresponding to the Pöschl-Teller potential, we show that they satisfy the over-completeness relation and thus are coherent states in actual concept. Meanwhile, by investigating their non-classical features, we find that in the superposing process the quadrature squeezing disappears. Based on the interaction of a trapped ion with traveling wave light fields, we give a scheme for how to prepare even and odd deformed excited nonlinear coherent states. Finally, we compare their non-classicality aspects with | z, m〉. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid argon time projection chamber detector technology provides high spatial and calorimetric resolutions on the charged particles traversing liquid argon. As a result, the technology has been used in a number of recent neutrino experiments, and is the technology of choice for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). In order to perform high precision measurements of neutrinos in the detector, final state particles need to be effectively identified, and their energy accurately reconstructed. This article proposes an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network to perform the classification of energy deposits and reconstructed particles as track-like or arising from electromagnetic cascades. Results from testing the algorithm on experimental data from ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype of the DUNE far detector, are presented. The network identifies track- and shower-like particles, as well as Michel electrons, with high efficiency. The performance of the algorithm is consistent between experimental data and simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019–2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Effluent gas composition impact on water vapor absorption state of GO film used in RH sensors. • Nitrogen as carrier gas leads to higher residual mass than that with air during initial humidification-dehumidification cycles. • Exposing GO film to multiple cycles of humidification saturates GO film, reduces hysteresis and improves sensitivity. • Ensuring appropriate level of GO film saturation, either of effluent gas can be used for RH sensing experiment. Nitrogen and synthetic air have been used as standard effluent gases in relative humidity (RH) sensing experiments, especially to characterise the dynamic sensing capabilities of RH sensors utilising graphene oxide (GO) as the sensing material. In the present work, we have used GO coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) as a tool to investigate the mass adsorption characteristics of samples subjected to multiple humidification-dehumidification cycles using N 2 or synthetic air as the effluent gas. We identified that the residual mass adsorbed and retained by the GO film is on average 71.6% higher when using N 2 in the initial humidification-dehumidification cycle and this subsequently impacted the hysteresis characteristics until the GO film saturated. To negate the impact of the effluent gas, the GO-based sample should be treated with multiple humidification and dehumidification cycles using either effluent gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Study was done on solutions made by water, citric acid, glycerol, and d -sorbitol. • The viscosities and refractive indices of solutions were measured. • A semi-empirical equation was used for fitting refractive index data. • Jones-Dole and Arrhenius-like equations were applied to fit viscosity data. • Obtained data were used for study on force of solute-solvent interactions. Abstract Citric acid, glycerol, and d -sorbitol are used as important food additives. In this research work, viscosities and refractive indices (the physico-chemical properties) for aqueous solution of citric acid, as well as ternary solutions of (water + d -sorbitol + citric acid) and (water + glycerol + citric acid) were measured in mass fractions of citric acid (0.03–0.21) and at temperatures (T = 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. For these solutions, the experimental refractive indices were fitted using a semi-empirical equation which its constant, K r , was introduced by Koohyar in 2011. This constant can be applied to investigate the power of interactions between solute and solvent molecules in aqueous solutions. Also, the experimental viscosities were fitted by the Jones-Dole and Arrhenius-like equations. Obtained data of this research work can be applied in food industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]