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Casing While Drilling (CWD) technique allows the operator to simultaneously drill and case a wellbore section in only one run without the necessity to pull the drill string out of the hole. This innovative technology comes into play in a time when oil and gas well drilling faces a lot of challenges such as excessive lost circulation, formation fluid influx, formation instability, etc. CWD is implemented into today's drilling activities in order to safely and economically deal with these obstructive challenges. In addition to eliminating/minimizing the effects of these challenges, it remarkably improves the entire economics of the drilling project. Researches and developments are continuously on their way to further improve the performance of the technique in order to minimize its limitations. A lot of case studies all over the world have been analyzed and their related practical lessons have been stated. Based on this paper is about evaluating the drilling with casing ROP optimization model of the drilling parameters to surface hole section drilling of vertical wells by a statistical-regression model using the linear equation analysis technique. The model will be evaluated by deriving the unknown proportionality constant and five exponents utilizing the statistical - regression curve of the least-squares fitting method. The prepared field data used from (ASCII) drilling parameters to three drilled wells in two fields (X, Y) in KHALDA Company. Then, the model's equation will be a regression with respect to five of the independent parameters which are a weight on bit (WOB), drill string rotation (RPM), standpipe pressure (SPP), torque, impact force (IF) and rate of penetration (ROP). Then it will be evaluated over a range of values for these parameters. The parametric study presents KHALDA two field data based on ROP model development and testing with near and far way field wells. Two different modeling approaches have been implemented, and their application and limitations have been tested. ROP optimization procedures are also developed with the objective of increasing ROP, reducing drilling time and hence reducing drilling costs. By Integrated model for the field data, we can compromise with a new well in the different location taking into account any deviation in geological lithology or depth, etc. will make a change in the predicted data then we can predicate the percentage of success according to the optimization of the drilling parameters and best practices to drilling team. Finally, it is recommended that the model can be applied in the oil well drilling industry in different oil wells fields rather than the vertical wells used in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing is the umbrella term for delivering services via the Internet. It enables enterprises and individuals to access services such as virtual machines, storage, or applications on demand. It allows them to achieve more by paying less, and it removes the barrier of installing physical infrastructure. However, due to its openness and availability over the Internet, the issue of ensuring security and privacy arises. This requires careful consideration from enterprises and individuals before the adoption of cloud computing. In order to overcome security issues, cloud service providers are required to use strong security measures to secure their storage and protect cloud data from unauthorized access. In this paper, a novel framework and symmetric-based encryption scheme for securing cloud data at rest is introduced. The performance evaluation of the new framework shows that it has a high level of efficiency, feasibility, and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the novel enhanced quantum representation for quantum image (NEQR), a new blind quantum steganography scheme is proposed. In this scheme, an improved quantum representation of text utilizing American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is provided that uses two qubit sequences to store the same quantum text message. The general embedding process of the scheme is as follows: First, the cover image of size 2 n × 2 n will be divided into eight blocks of size 2 n − 2 × 2 n − 1 and the secret quantum text of size 2 n − 2 × 2 n − 1 is scrambled by Gray code transform method. Then, the disorder quantum text is embedded into the eight blocks of cover image employing the Gray code as a judgment condition. Meanwhile, the corresponding quantum circuits are drawn. Through the analysis of all quantum circuits, it can be concluded that the scheme has a lower complexity that is O (n). And the performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed in terms of simulation results of three items: visual quality, capacity and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper proposes a novel scheme where the key k is generated as discrete logarithm of indices involving prime modulus p and any base value q. This base value q is an element of Z p . The Discrete logarithm values are substituted for k in the encryption equation. During decryption the corresponding k’s are used to recover the plaintext. The sender embeds the p, q values along with the encrypted message and transmits it. This obviates the need for sending the full-length key along with the encrypted message. The proposed method ensures higher security in the transmission. The strength of the method lies in the difficulty of guessing p, q values, the entire key need not be transmitted and the full set of ASCII values of the Z 256 plane figure in the encryption process. The paper also discusses the difficulty of attempting brute force technique to discover p, q values. As an extension of this work, the authors are exploring the possibility of using the full set of UNICODE values instead of the restricted 8-bit ASCII set. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]