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In last two decades, the basic Roman domination problem and the variants thereof have attracted many researchers from different fields to study these problems in both ways, theoretically and computationally. Function f : V → { − 1 , 1 , 2 } is the signed Roman domination function (SRDF) if and only if it satisfies the following conditions: (i) for each vertex v ∈ V of graph G the sum of the values assigned to v and all its neighbors is at least 1 and (ii) each vertex v ∈ V for which f (v) = − 1 , must be adjacent to at least one vertex u such that f (u) = 2. The minimum weight ∑ v ∈ V f (v) of all SRDFs on graph G is defined as signed Roman domination number ( γ sR (G)). Definition of the signed total Roman domination function (STRDF) follows the definition of SRDF with a minor change where condition (i) considers the sum of all values assigned to all neighbors of v to be at least one, for each vertex v. The minimum weight ∑ v ∈ V f (v) of all STRDFs on graph G is called signed total Roman domination number ( γ stR (G)). In this paper, we deal with the calculation of the signed (total) Roman domination numbers on a few classes of planar graphs from the literature. We give proofs for the exact values of the numbers γ sR (A n) and γ sR (R n) as well as the numbers γ stR (S n) and γ stR (T n). For some other classes of planar graphs, such as Q n , and T n ″ , lower and upper bounds on γ sR are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a significant global health threat and a leading cause of death worldwide. Effective early-stage interventions, particularly surgery, can potentially cure many solid tumors. However, the risk of postoperative cancer recurrence remains high. Recent research highlights the influence of perioperative anesthetic and analgesic choices on the fate of residual cancer cells, potentially affecting recurrence risks. Among these agents, ketamine—a well-known anesthetic and analgesic—has garnered interest due to its antitumor properties, mainly through inhibiting the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor found in various cancer tissues. Additionally, ketamine's potential immunomodulatory effects, given the expression of NMDA receptors on immune cells, suggest that it plays a significant role during the perioperative period. This review synthesizes current evidence on ketamine's impact on cancer cell biology, inflammation, immune modulation, and the role of the gut microbiota, proposing ketamine as a promising agent for enhancing oncological outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Turtles and tortoises are routinely presented to veterinarians for medical and surgical treatment. In many of these cases, sedation is required to properly examine the animal and perform necessary diagnostic tests. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of evidence-based research available to guide veterinarians working with these animals. In addition, the available publications show that there are differences between species. Therefore, with nearly 350 species of chelonians in the world, it is important for us to evaluate protocols on a species-by-species basis. In this study, six eastern mud turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum) were given 10 mg/kg alfaxalone via intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) routes using a cross-over study design that allowed us to compare the results between and within turtles. As expected, the IV route led to a faster induction and recovery. This study demonstrated that alfaxalone 10 mg/kg IV or IM can be used to provide safe and effective sedation in eastern mud turtles. Current sedation protocols for chelonians can pose a challenge to clinicians because of prolonged induction and recovery times, difficulties in gaining venous access, and natural species variation. This study evaluated the sedative and physiologic effects of intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) alfaxalone in six wild-caught adult eastern mud turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum). The turtles received alfaxalone 10 mg/kg IM and IV in a randomized cross-over design. A 10-day washout period occurred between trials. Baseline parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and reflexes) were assessed prior to injection and every 5 min post-injection until recovery. Three venous blood gas samples were also collected and analyzed over the course of each trial (baseline, induction, and recovery). Intravenous alfaxalone resulted in a significantly faster induction (p = 0.016; median: 1.5 min, 25–75%: 1–7.5, minimum–maximum: 1–21) and a shorter total sedation time (p = 0.041; median: 52 min, 25–75%: 34.5–62.5, minimum–maximum: 33–87) when compared with IM alfaxalone (induction, median: 20 min, 25–75%: 15–22.5, minimum–maximum: 15–25; total, median: 70 min, 25–75%: 65–82.5, minimum–maximum: 65–90). Blood gas and physiologic parameters were not significantly different between groups; however, the pH (p = 0.009) and glucose (p = 0.0001) significantly increased, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p = 0.024) significantly decreased over time. This study demonstrated that alfaxalone 10 mg/kg IV or IM can be used to provide safe and effective sedation in eastern mud turtles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovisnost o drogama zasigurno pripada najraširenijim pojavama među ljudima i različitim kulturama suvremenoga doba. Nažalost, često su mladi oni koji zbog različitih motiva upadaju u ovisnost o psihoaktivnim tvarima, koja se može razvijati od početne znatiželje do najtežih oblika navezanosti na drogu. Posljedice mogu biti kobne za mladu osobu na pragu života. U ovom se radu bavimo tim problemom, ali pod sasvim specifičnim gledištem: Kako ovisnost o drogama može utjecati na sposobnost sklapanja valjane kanonske ženidbe? Metoda pristupa uključivat će i konzultaciju znanosti koje se bave čovjekom i njegovom psihom, kao što su psihologija i psihijatrija, nakon čega ćemo nastaviti s primjenom tih saznanja na području kanonskoga prava i crkvenoga pravosuđa. Nastojat će se najprije protumačiti osnovni pojmovi kao što su ovisnost o drogama, fizička i psihička ovisnost, uzdržljivost, psihoaktivna tvar. Ponudit ćemo i jednu od više mogućih klasifikacija droga u različite skupine prema posljedicama koje izazivaju i prema njihovu utjecaju na središnji živčani sustav. Rad će se u nastavku baviti pitanjem prirodne sposobnosti ili nesposobnosti ovisnika o drogama za izricanje valjane kanonske ženidbene privole prema kan. 1095 Zakonika kanonskog prava iz 1983. godine. Tu se donose odredbe o nesposobnosti za sklapanje ženidbe onih koji nisu dovoljno sposobni služiti se razumom (br. 1), onih koji boluju od teškoga manjka prosuđivanja o bitnim ženidbenim pravima i dužnostima koje se trebaju uzajamno predati i primati (br. 2) te onih koji zbog razloga psihičke naravi ne mogu preuzeti bitne ženidbene obveze (br. 3). Poslužili smo se i nekim primjerima iz sudske prakse Rimske rote te prenijeli neke presude koje su ispitivale ženidbu zbog ovisnosti o drogama, što nam je omogućilo da u glavnim crtama vidimo razvoj pravosuđa Rimske rote u toj temi. Na temelju takve studije na kraju predlažemo neke zaključke te upozoravamo na potrebu da se i u parnicama zbog ovisnosti o drogama treba voditi obnovljenim normativom, odnosno reformom postupaka za proglašenje ženidbe ništavom koju je poduzeo papa Franjo 2015. godine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The High Voltage Electrical Discharge (HVED) is a physical hydropriming method which alters the physicochemical properties of water, creating the plasma activated water (PAW). The mixture of highly reactive ions and molecules can break down the seed dormancy and speed up the growing process. Previous studies presented the promotional role of HVED technology on the germination, growth and polyphenol content. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of HVED technology on germination ability and vitality of three types of seeds with low germination rate. Selected species included carrot (Daucus carota L.), melilot (Melilotus albus Medik.), and mallow (Malva verticillata L.). In carrot and mallow, HVED (20Hz/30s) significantly promoted germination percentage, whilst in melilot seeds, germination was unchanged. HVED treatment enhanced the growth of shoots and roots in both carrot and mallow. In melilot, shorter treatment time of exposure to high voltage (30Hz/10s) resulted in longer shoots and roots. Perspectives of HVED as a method for improvement of germination exist, especially in mellow and carrot, but it is necessary to optimize the process parameters for each type of seed separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Delayed cold storage of room temperature platelets may extend shelf life from 5 to 14 days. The study hypothesized that the use of delayed cold-stored platelets in cardiac surgery would be associated with decreased postoperative platelet count increments but similar transfusion and clinical outcomes compared to room temperature-stored platelets. Methods: This is an observational cohort study of adults transfused with platelets intraoperatively during elective cardiac surgery between April 2020 and May 2021. Intraoperative platelets were either room temperature-stored or delayed cold-stored based on blood bank availability rather than clinical features or provider preference. Differences in transfusion and clinical outcomes, including a primary outcome of allogenic transfusion exposure in the first 24 h postoperatively, were compared between groups. Results: A total of 713 patient encounters were included: 529 (74%) room temperature-stored platelets and 184 (26%) delayed cold-stored platelets. Median (interquartile range) intraoperative platelet volumes were 1 (1 to 2) units in both groups. Patients receiving delayed cold-stored platelets had higher odds of allogeneic transfusion in the first 24 h postoperatively (81 of 184 [44%] vs. 169 of 529 [32%]; adjusted odds ratio, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.39; P = 0.009), including both erythrocytes (65 of 184 [35%] vs. 135 of 529 [26%]; adjusted odds ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.29; P = 0.035) and platelets (48 of 184 [26%] vs. 79 of 529 [15%]; adjusted odds ratio, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.99; P = 0.005). There was no difference in the number of units administered postoperatively among those transfused. Platelet counts were modestly lower in the delayed cold-stored platelet group (−9 × 109/l; 95% CI, −16 to −3]) through the first 3 days postoperatively. There were no significant differences in reoperation for bleeding, postoperative chest tube output, or clinical outcomes. Conclusions: In adults undergoing cardiac surgery, delayed cold-stored platelets were associated with higher postoperative transfusion utilization and lower platelet counts compared to room temperature-stored platelets without differences in clinical outcomes. The use of delayed cold-stored platelets in this setting may offer a viable alternative when facing critical platelet inventories but is not recommended as a primary transfusion approach. In an observational cohort of 713 adult cardiac surgical patients, 74% received room temperature versus 26% delayed cold-stored platelets, those receiving cold-stored platelets had a higher odds of transfusions in the first 24 h postoperatively (44% vs. 32%). However, there were no significant differences among those transfused in the total number of units transfused postoperatively, reoperation for bleeding, chest tube output, or clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Immunoassays are the most common method in routine practice for measuring androgens in women. Study’s aim was to establish new population specific indirect reference intervals (RI) for dehydroepiandrostenedione sulphate (DHEAS) and for new androstenedione test available on automated Roche Cobas electrochemiluminescent immunoassay method. Materials and methods: From extracted laboratory records, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and follicle-stimulating hormone were used as reference tests to exclude possibly diseased women. After the data selection steps, the study included 3500 subjects for DHEAS and 520 for androstenedione aged 20-45 years. To evaluate the need for age partitioning, we calculated standard deviation ratio and bias ratio. For each hormone, 90% and 95% RIs were calculated with appropriate statistical method. Results: Total age group (20-45 years) 95% RIs were: 2.77-11.50 μmol/L for DHEAS and 2.48-8.89 nmol/L for androstenedione. Age-stratified 95% RIs for DHEAS were: 3.65-12.76 μmol/L (20-25 years); 2.97-11.50 μmol/L (25-35 years) and 2.30-9.83 μmol/L (35-45 years). Age-stratified 95% RIs for androstenedione were: 3.02-9.43 nmol/L (20-30 years) and 2.23-7.75 nmol/L (30-45 years). Conclusion: New RIs for DHEAS were slightly wider for age group 20-25 and 35-45, while the differences in the age group 25-35 years were more pronounced. Androstenedione RI showed significantly higher concentrations than the manufacturer’s. Age-related decrease of androgens should be considered when calculating RIs. We propose population specific, age-stratified RIs for DHEAS and androstenedione on electrochemiluminescent method, which should improve test interpretation in women of reproductive age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the following three Roman domination graph invariants on Kneser graphs: Roman domination, total Roman domination, and signed Roman domination. For Kneser graph Kn,k, we present exact values for Roman domination number γR(Kn,k) and total Roman domination number γR(Kn,k) proving that for n ≥ k(k + 1), γR(Kn,k) = γR(Kn,k) = 2(k + 1). For signed Roman domination number γR(Kn,k), the new lower and upper bounds for Kn,2 are provided: we prove that for n ≥ 12, the lower bound is equal to 2, while the upper bound depends on the parity of n and is equal to 3 if n is odd, and equal to 5 if n is even. For graphs of smaller dimensions, exact values are found by applying exact methods from literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free radicals and oxidant molecules are part of our organism in a stable balance. However, when addressing female infertility, questions about their role in oocyte quality arise. This review outlines the major alterations of redox homeostasis in the follicular fluid through pathophysiological conditions in female reproduction and its potential effect on IVF outcome. A review of the literature was accurately performed. Manuscripts investigating follicular fluid biomarkers, especially related to oxidant molecules, were screened and used in this review. Studies assessing the follicular reactive species were found and screened. Moreover, studies assessing the IVF outcomes related to biomarkers were considered. The results are provided in an analytical pathway. The study of biomarkers confirms the shift to enhanced oxidizing modification of macromolecules and antioxidative consumption in the follicular fluid of women undergoing IVF treatment. A lack of congruency in methods appears to be marked in the design of scientific studies. However, it is not clear whether redox disbalance has a disruptive effect on the oocyte competence or whether it plays a role in the oocyte maturation process. Red-ox balance plays a questionable role in IVF outcomes. Possible further insights may consider the antioxidant role of adjuvants during controlled ovarian stimulation cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Laboratory plays important part in screening, diagnosis, and management of thyroid disorders. The aim of this study was to estimate current laboratory preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical practices and policies in Croatia. Materials and methods: Working Group for Laboratory Endocrinology of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine designed a questionnaire with 27 questions and statements regarding practices and protocols in measuring thyroid function tests. The survey was sent to 111 medical biochemistry laboratories participating in external quality assurance scheme for thyroid hormones organized by Croatian Centre for Quality Assessment in Laboratory Medicine. Data is presented as absolute numbers and proportions. Results: Fifty-three participants returned the questionnaire. Response rate varied depending on question, yielding a total survey response rate of 46-48%. All respondents perform thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). From all other thyroid tests, most performed is free thyroxine (37/53) and least TSH-stimulating immunoglobulin (1/53). Laboratories are using nine different immunoassay methods. One tenth of laboratories is verifying manufacturer's declared limit of quantification for TSH and one third is verifying implemented reference intervals for all performed tests. Most of laboratories (91%) adopt the manufacturer's reference interval for adult population. Reference intervals for TSH are reported with different percentiles (90, 95 or 99 percentiles). Conclusion: This survey showed current practices and policies in Croatian laboratories regarding thyroid testing. The results identified some critical spots and will serve as a foundation in creating national guidelines in order to harmonize laboratory procedures in thyroid testing in Croatia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We present a case report of severe cardiotoxicity in patient treated with dual anti-HER therapy in a neoadjuvant protocol. Case report: 44-year-old patient, with no comorbidities, was diagnosed in June of 2022 with luminal B, HER 2 positive breast cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ACdd protocol), followed by HER-2 dual blockade (transtuzumab and pertuzumab) with an addition of paclitaxel was admitted before planned surgical treatment. Echocardiogram, performed regularly during treatment, confirmed a normal ventricular function. One month after finishing neoadjuvant protocol (in February of 2023), patient was diagnosed with congestive heart failure due to severe left ventricular dysfunction and reduction in ejection fraction (EF, 15%). Optimal medical therapy was prescribed, and she was discharged home. In March 2023, she was admitted hospital for planned surgical operation, but since her symptoms did not improve, a worsening of left ventricular dysfunction was detected as well as pulmonary embolism, and she was transferred in Cardiac Intensive Care unit where inotropic and vasopressor therapy (dobutamine and norepinephrine) was initiated. Echocardiogram showed significantly reduced EF (15- 20%). Additionally, NMR showed subepicardial and mesocardiac fibrosis suspicious for myocarditis. Myocardial biopsy was not performed, but regression in levels of troponin were accomplished with methylprednisolone admission. Since rhythmic instability, as well as NMR results and reduced systolic function (EF 35%), the patient received a subcutaneous ICD. Right breast segmentectomy and sentinel biopsy were performed after relative cardiac stabilization. The patient continued to be monitored in outpatient clinic and regular echocardiogram registered a slightly better EF, now about 40-45%. Conclusion: A significant issue arises in patients undergoing a neoadjuvant protocol when systemic oncological treatment is given prior to surgery. In these patients, the emergence of significant cardiotoxicity impacts the timing of surgical intervention and, consequently, the prognosis of the malignant disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Atrial septal defects (ASDs) represent the most common congenital heart defect diagnosed in adulthood. There are several types of ASD and the most common one is ostium secundum defect type (80%). The heterogeneity in anatomy and the progression of complications over time, including arrhythmias, thromboembolism, right heart failure, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, pose significant challenges to finding optimal diagnostic and treatment solutions.1 Case report: 70-year-old woman was hospitalized due to acute heart failure presumably precipitated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). Transthoracic echocardiography found right ventricular volume overload (right ventricular dilatation resulting in tricuspid annular dilatation and moderate tricuspid regurgitation) with also dilatated both atrium (more right than left) and abnormal motion of the interventricular septum (towards the left atrium). There was also a high probability of pulmonary hypertension. All of these features initially raised suspicion of pulmonary embolism, later ruled out by CT angiography. Afterwards, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed to exclude left atrium thrombus. In the end, a successful cardioversion was performed and she was then discharged home with a prescription for optimal medical therapy. On hospital readmission in three months, control TTE was made, but now we detected an ASD (16-20mm) with L-D shunt (Qp/Qs 2,5:1) later confirmed with TEE. She was then scheduled to undergo coronarography and right heart catheterization. Conclusion: This case illustrates the importance of a systematic protocol for transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography rather than a targeted approach. Another important message is not to jump to conclusion that heart failure is caused by an obvious pathology (in this case atrial fibrillation), but to think about congenital heart defect, even in older patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an innovative method for forecasting power consumption in the power system using an artificial neural network (ANN). The method was validated in the case of predicting power consumption for the Sarajevo region in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Power consumption is planned daily for the day-ahead with hourly resolution. Measured data on air temperature, wind speed, and insolation for 2017 to 2020 were utilized as input variables in the proposed power consumption forecasting method. The influence of these input variables on power consumption was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The neural network underwent training with data on input variables and power consumption from 2017 to 2020 and was subsequently applied to forecast day-ahead power consumption for 2021. Due to the implementation of a neural network with a greater number of input variables, a smaller error in the power consumption forecast for 2021 was achieved compared to the forecast performed by the Electric Power Company. Therefore, the proposed method can be used as a more reliable tool for day-ahead power consumption forecasting. Additionally, the continual increase in the historical data on power consumption and influencing variables over time is expected to further enhance the reliability of power consumption forecasting using ANN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the procedure for efficient power management and sizing of a hybrid off-grid system consisting of photovoltaic array, wind generator and energy storage system has been presented. The aim of this paper is to compare a conventional hybrid system with a hybrid system in which load management is implemented by using the power flow control (PFC) algorithm and a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). It has been shown that the load management reduces the required capacity of the energy storage system and slightly reduces the consumption, without compromising the comfort of electricity users. The analysis has been performed using the data measured in 10-min resolution on temperature, horizontal insolation and wind speed for the city of Belgrade for a period of 1 year. Also, 15-min measurement data on consumption for a residential area in Belgrade have been used as useful information for estimating realistic power consumption diagrams of a household. The PFC algorithm enables the control of energy flow and appliance groups in a hybrid off-grid system. FLC manages appliance groups on the basis of fuzzy logic and data on energy produced from renewable energy sources, a household consumption and the state of charge of batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite extensive research, there is still no treatment that would lead to remission in all patients with rheumatoid arthritis as our understanding of the affected site, the synovium, is still incomplete. Recently, single-cell technologies helped to decipher the cellular heterogeneity of the synovium; however, certain synovial cell populations, such as endothelial cells or peripheral neurons, remain to be profiled on a single-cell level. Furthermore, associations between certain cellular states and inflammation were found; whether these cells cause the inflammation remains to be answered. Similarly, cellular zonation and interactions between individual effectors in the synovium are yet to be fully determined. A deeper understanding of cell signalling and interactions in the synovium is crucial for a better design of therapeutics with the goal of complete remission in all patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive control training has gained traction as an intervention for reducing anxiety and depression vulnerability in adults. There are, however, a limited number of studies investigating such training interventions for reducing symptomology of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. Thus, we aimed to provide a robust review and qualitative synthesis of the available research in young people. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria, and all were randomised control trials. Evidence of the efficacy of cognitive control training for relief of symptoms are reported separately for anxiety, depression, and other related psychological factors, and on the basis of type of cognitive control training paradigm. A lack of standardisation in relation to type of intervention, duration and context, outcome measures and population was observed. Results are discussed in terms of these variations and recommendations for future research are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Serbia, carrots are produced on various land areas within agricultural companies and family farms. This study includes detailed analytical calculations of the realized value of production, cost calculation, and the realized financial results of carrot production on three farms of different sizes, as well as comparison of the obtained results. The cost calculation presented in the production calculations is based on the actual costs made during the technological process of carrot production and obtained from the producers. The economic categories were included and calculated for carrot production per hectare at all three farms. Production calculations provide producers with an insight into the costs of production, giving them the opportunity to better manage them. The calculations confirmed that each of the mentioned three farms had a specific production technology. The amount of costs in the surveyed farms was different, while the value of production and the achieved volume of production were at approximately the same level. Land consolidation and farm expansion would result in increased efficiency of agricultural production on smaller farms with a larger number of plots. Profits from carrot production can be increased by association of agricultural producers, for the purpose of a more favourable supply of inputs, more efficient product distribution with joint marketing, higher share of machinery as opposed to using manual labour, as well as careful monitoring of innovations introduced in the production process. All three farms achieved a positive financial result, which indicates that carrot production is profitable on both smaller and larger areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses statutory foundations applicable to ships requiring to be exempted from the mandatory installation of the ballast water management system. In particular, it deals with ships sailing on regular international lines but within the semi-closed seas, such as the Adriatic Sea. The legal framework is set out in the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM, 2004), the IMO Guidelines for Risk Assessment A-4 (G7), and the Croatian Ordinance on Ballast Water Control and Management, 2012 [Pravilnik o upravljanju i nadzoru balastnih voda]. The paper presents the model procedure to be followed by main stakeholders, mainly national maritime administrations and shipping companies. The paper outlines the main advantages and disadvantages of the whole process and analyses several cases of good practice. Furthermore, the main stakeholders in the approval procedure and their responsibilities are described, available risk assessment models are analysed, with the particular emphasis on the species-specific risk assessment method as the most preferred method. Finally, the need for cooperation between the involved states and their maritime administrations is considered. It is concluded that bilateral and regional cooperations are an essential element in preserving the marine environment of any sea area. In that respect, the proposed model of the BWM system exemption approval in closed and semi-closed seas, such as the Adriatic Sea, is essential for shipping companies connecting ports in different countries on regular routes. Although demanding in respect of efforts and time, a procedure is viable and may be carried out in due time and with satisfactory outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Evaluation of thyroid function is often requested and therefore defining paediatric reference intervals (RIs) is of vital importance. Currently, there is a distinct lack of paediatric RIs for thyroid function tests in Croatia. Thus, we established RIs for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) in the Croatian paediatric population. Materials and methods: Reference intervals were calculated from 397 apparently healthy children, aged from 2 days to < 19 years. Serum samples were analysed for thyroid function tests on the Abbott Architect i2000. Age- and sex-specific 95% RIs with 90% confidence intervals were established according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. To express the magnitude of sex and age variation, standard deviation ratio (SDR) was calculated using two-level nested ANOVA. The criterion for considering partitioning reference values was set to SDR > 0.3. Results: All thyroid function tests required age partitioning, confirmed by SDR above 0.3. There was no need for sex partitioning, confirmed by SDR below 0.3. Still, FT3 was partitioned due to visually noticeable sex related difference for the oldest group (12 years to < 19 years). Conclusion: This is the first study to establish RIs for thyroid function tests in the Croatian paediatric population. We propose RIs for widely used Abbott platform, thus giving laboratories method- and population-specific paediatric RIs for thyroid function tests that should improve clinical test interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The signed double Roman domination problem is a combinatorial optimization problem on a graph asking to assign a label from { ± 1 , 2 , 3 } to each vertex feasibly, such that the total sum of assigned labels is minimized. Here feasibility is given whenever (i) vertices labeled ±1 have at least one neighbor with label in { 2 , 3 } ; (ii) each vertex labeled −1 has one 3-labeled neighbor or at least two 2-labeled neighbors; and (iii) the sum of labels over the closed neighborhood of any vertex is positive. The cumulative weight of an optimal labeling is called signed double Roman domination number (SDRDN). In this work, we first consider the problem on general cubic graphs of order n for which we present a sharp n / 2 + Θ (1) lower bound for the SDRDN by means of the discharging method. Moreover, we derive a new best upper bound. Observing that we are often able to minimize the SDRDN over the class of cubic graphs of a fixed order, we then study in this context generalized Petersen graphs for independent interest, for which we propose a constraint programming guided proof. We then use these insights to determine the SDRDNs of subcubic 2 × m grid graphs, among other results. • Lower and upper bounds for the Signed Double Roman Domination Number (SDRDN) on cubic graphs are strengthened. • Tight/optimal bounds on the SDRDN are established for specific classes of (sub)cubic graphs. • A constraint programming based technique to calculate the SDRDN on rotationally symmetric graphs is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The article analyses topical subdivisions that make up the auxiliary vocabulary of the subject language of the Zagreb City Libraries, called additional thematic subject headings. Through a terminological analysis and practical examples of subject headings designation, the experiences of selecting and using this type of subject headings are pointed out. Some specific characteristics of subject indexing in the Zagreb City Libraries system are shown. Approach/methodology/design. A theoretically based approach to topical subdivisions is presented. The terminology of the additional thematic subject headings is analysed to point out linguistic aspects of their choice and usage. The problems that occur due to insufficient managing and supervision of the controlled vocabulary are also described. Findings. Based on practical experience and examples the paper presents how the topical subdivisions are used to achieve precision and exhaustiveness by indexing different subjects mostly in library materials from the field of social sciences and humanities. This process should also contribute to a better retrieval effectiveness of these documents from different users' viewpoints. The importance of selecting additional terms by which different subjects are more specifically indexed is established as well as the importance of the systematic supervision of all parts of the subject headings controlled vocabulary. Originality/value. The paper analyses the rarely discussed additional thematic subject headings that make up the auxiliary vocabulary of the main controlled vocabulary in the Zagreb City Libraries library system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphisms in FADS genes are associated with plasma long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and modulate omega-6/omega-3 balance. We hypothesized that the FADS2 gene variants will be associated with lower product-to-precursor ratio in the fatty acid metabolic pathways. Thus, we explored FADS2 rs174593, rs174616, and rs174576 effects on plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile, markers of desaturase activities, and risk factors in a sample of apparently healthy Serbian adults. Food and nutrient intake data were compiled through 24 h recalls. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed by gas-chromatography. Estimated desaturase activities were calculated as conversion rates towards LC-PUFA in omega-6 pathway. During the selection of FADS2 polymorphisms, we accounted for their positional and functional aspect. Genotyping was performed by Real-Time PCR. Multivariable-adjusted general linear and hierarchical regression models were applied. Study subjects (mean age = 40 ± 7 years, 70% who were overweight) had a median dietary omega-6/omega-3 ratio of 16.29. Alternative allele frequencies were 33%, 36%, and 51% for rs174593, rs174576, and rs174616, respectively. Addition of FADS2 alternative alleles was associated with lower plasma arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4 n-6, P <.001) and estimated desaturase-5 activity (P <.001), irrespective of gender, age, daily polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid intake, and obesity. The rs174576 association with AA withstood multiple testing and additional adjustments for other variants (multivariable-adjusted β = −1.14 [95% CI: −2.25, −0.43]). None of the variants was associated with dietary intake, serum lipids, or obesity. We observed inverse associations between FADS2 variants and plasma AA but not omega-3 fatty acids in Serbian subjects, with rs174576 exhibiting the strongest relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin B12 plays an important role in cell division and is of vital importance during pregnancy. Iron and B12 deficiency increase the risk of neonatal morbidity and the outcome of the overall pregnancy. The aim of our study was to analyze whether the use of vitamin B12, with standard supplements of folic acid and iron among nonanemic pregnant women, will result in improvements of hemogram parameters in terms of hematological and biochemical markers. Study participants were 200 healthy pregnant women, randomized into an intervention group and a control group, recruited from gynecological primary care practices in Split, Croatia. In addition to standard supplementation (350 mg/day ferrous iron, 5 mg folic acid), participants in the intervention group were given 5 μg of vitamin B12 each morning for 100 days. Both biochemical and hematological measurings were conducted in two intervals: 8th–10th week of gestation and then again in the 34th–36th week of gestation. Participants in the control group were given only standard-of-care iron and folic acid supplementation. Significantly lower values of haptoglobin postintervention, compared with baseline, were found only in the intervention group; for erythrocytes, significantly lower values postintervention were found only in the control group. For parameter hematocrit, we found decreased values postintervention, compared with baseline, in both intervention and control group; however, this decrease was within the reference range for the control group, whereas it was above the reference range for the intervention group. The results of this study indicated that intervention with vitamin B12 in pregnancy reduces possibilities of the onset of anemia, but within reference range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recreational vessel accidents during summer seasons in Adriatic Sea frequently occur when seasonal traffic significantly increases. In this paper, the database containing data on recreational vessel groundings from 2013 up to 2019 has been analyzed. Data distributions have been calculated, and characteristic patterns are noted. Statistical auto-regressive model SARIMAX has been used to create existing grounding data time-series, and to forecast trends for the next five years. The findings show that majority of groundings happen during night hours, suggesting that dominant causes of those accidents are human error related. Weather conditions have also been detected as one of causes of groundings, particularly north-east winds and thunderstorms. The slowly increasing trend of annual groundings is forecasted and recommendation to improve skipper’s education and training has been given to mitigate future increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Surgical skills training has traditionally been limited to formalin embalming that does not provide a realistic model. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively compare Thiel and phenol‐based soft‐embalming techniques: qualitatively in a surgical training setup, and quantitatively by comparing the mechanical and histomorphometric properties of skin specimens embalmed using each method. Materials and Methods: Thirty‐four participants were involved in surgical workshops comparing Thiel and phenol‐based embalmed bodies. Participants were asked to evaluate the utility of the different models for surgical skills training. In parallel, tensile elasticity evaluation was performed on skin flaps from six fresh‐frozen cadavers. Flaps were divided into three groups for each specimen: fresh‐frozen, Thiel, and phenol‐based embalmed and compared together at 1 month or 1 year after embalming. A histological investigation of the skin structural properties was performed for each embalming type using haematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome. Results: All participants rated the phenol‐based specimens consistently better or equivalent to Thiel for the evaluated parameters. Quantitatively, there were statistically significant differences for the tensile elasticity between the embalming techniques (p <.05). There were no significant differences for the tensile elasticity between phenol‐based embalmed skin and fresh state (p =.30), and no significant difference between embalming time was reported (p =.47). Histologically, the integrity of the skin was better preserved with the phenol‐based technique. Conclusion: Phenol‐based embalming provides as realistic or better of a model as Thiel embalming for surgical training skills and was generally preferred over Thiel model. The phenol‐based embalming better preserved the integrity of the skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New navigation-related technologies and complex ships' systems are associated with a considerable amount of information and alerts on navigational bridges. Each alert triggers a process conducted by the Officer Of the Watch (OOW), which includes data collection and interpretation, decision making, as well as appropriate actions. In the case of too many alerts or poorly managed alerts, the workload of the OOW may significantly increase, and situational awareness may be compromised, increasing the risk of errors. The main goal of this research is to analyse OOW actions triggered by the alerts. The research methods included an experiment on a bridge simulator with experienced officers, a questionnaire survey and a series of interviews. The main outcomes encompass the frequency of the alerts and the number and the processing times of single actions conducted upon an alert. The results indicate that, on average, during one watch, an OOW spends 22·4 minutes conducting 64 actions triggered by 16 alerts. However, officers consider 45% of the alerts as over-prioritised and distracting at the moment of their notification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A double Roman domination function (DRDF) on a graph G=(V,E)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$G=(V,E)$$\end{document} is a mapping f:V→{0,1,2,3}\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$f :V\rightarrow \{0,1,2,3\}$$\end{document} satisfying the conditions: (i) each vertex with 0 assigned is adjacent to a vertex with 3 assigned or at least two vertices with 2 assigned and (ii) each vertex with 1 assigned is adjacent to at least one vertex with 2 or 3 assigned. The weight of a DRDF f is defined as the sum ∑v∈Vf(v)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$\sum _{v\in V}f(v)$$\end{document}. The minimum weight of a DRDF on a graph G is called the double Roman domination number (DRDN) of G. This study establishes the values on DRDN for several graph classes. The exact values of DRDN are proved for Kneser graphs Kn,k,n≥k(k+2)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$K_{n,k},n\ge k(k+2)$$\end{document}, Johnson graphs Jn,2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$J_{n,2}$$\end{document}, for a few classes of convex polytopes, and the flower snarks. Moreover, tight lower and upper bounds on SRDN are proved for some convex polytopes. For the generalized Petersen graphs Pn,3,n≢0(mod4)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$P_{n,3}, n \not \equiv 0\,(\mathrm {mod\ 4})$$\end{document}, we make a further improvement on the best known upper bound from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Total hip arthroplasty approach comparison focused on patient's perspective. The direct anterior approach (DAA) has gained immense popularity in the last decade and is widely advocated as a superior approach in terms of quicker recovery and better overall outcome. However, the question if the level of DAA promotion is justified seems to be rarely posed.Methods: A single-surgeon consecutive series of patients who underwent bilateral THA, one in DAA and the other in posterior approach (PA). The same implant design and same component sizes were used for the both sides. All the operations were performed by a single surgeon under the same pre- and post-operative care protocol.Results: Twenty-one patients underwent bilateral THA, mean age 60.09 years. Oxford Hip Score (OHS) was used for functional outcome assessment. There were no statistically significant differences between two approaches in terms of functional outcome (mean OHS for DAA series was 42.95 and that for the PA was 43.38, p 0.07 at an alpha level of 0.05). Fifteen patients gave the advantage to PA, and six patients favoured DAA.Conclusion: By study design, we tried to reduce the biases and acquire approach appraisal from patient's perspective. We anticipated the outcome in favour of DAA, but the results favoring PA came as a surprise. Future prospective randomized studies on evaluation of DAA and other approaches not only from surgeon's or industry's point of view, performed on a larger and more uniform groups, are warranted to further explore the subjective differences between DAA and PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, PE)/oxidized PE (ox-PE) fibers and alumina reinforcement were used in preparation of poly (ethylene- co -vinyl acetate) (EVA)/hydrolyzed EVA (EVAOH) based composites. Different alumina particles were used: nanoparticles (n-Al 2 O 3), whiskers (w-Al 2 O 3), synthesized (μ-Al 2 O 3) and the one doped with iron oxide (Fe-Al 2 O 3). Modification of alumina with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GLYMO), without pretreatment (S) and subjected to hydrolysis (HS), produced Al 2 O 3 /S and Al 2 O 3 /HS particles. Optical microscopy was employed in determination of system compatibility. A high increase in tensile strength with 3% Fe-Al 2 O 3 /HS and n-Al 2 O 3 /HS was a result of improved Al 2 O 3 /matrix interfacial interactions in PE/EVAOH based composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperation and co-responsibility in the Church are based in the fundamental communion (communio) that exists among all Christ's faithful. Communion and synodality are fundamental characteristics of the Church as the people of God and this was also clearly stated in the ecclesiology of the Second Vatican Council. The realisation of these fundamental determinants is especially evident at the level of particular Church, the diocese. The article is, therefore, presenting canonical structures of cooperation and co-responsibility at the diocesan level as the concrete bodies through which dialogue within the Church takes place. These structures, however, can also be present in otherforms of the particular Church that are legal equivalents of the diocese (Code of Canon Law, can. 368). This category refers to the following bodies: diocesan pastoral council, council of presbyters, assembly of counsellors, and diocesan economic council. However, one should also not disregard the diocesan synod as an important structure through whose gathering participation and cooperation are manifested. All these bodies are significant and important because through their opinions, counsels, and, occasionally, giving assent in accordance with the law, they are of help to the diocesan bishop in making decisions and governing the diocese. Hence, they contribute to the pastoral and every other kind of wellbeing of the particular Church. The conclusion emphasises that all bodies of cooperation and co-responsibility at the diocesan level are needed and have their place and role in the life of the particular Church. They give their specific contribution to the process of decision making of the relevant ecclesial authorities that aim at the common wellbeing of the diocese and the whole Church. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Experimental densities of the binary mixtures containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ionic liquid, [C 1 C 4 im][DCA] and molecular solvent: γ-valerolactone (γVL) or propylene carbonate (PC) were measured at temperatures from (293.15 to 313.15) K and at a pressure of 0.1 MPa over the whole composition range. Related excess molar volumes were calculated and fitted using Redlich-Kister's polynomial equation and compared with previously measured IL + γ-butyrolactone (γBL) mixture. Obtained values are negative in the whole range of ionic liquid mole fraction and at all temperatures. Molecular dynamics simulations were applied to quantify the intermolecular interactions in pure liquids and binary mixtures, hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole and stacking interactions. Excess molar volumes obtained from MD simulations follow the trend observed in the experiment. Orientational correlations were characterized by several combined angular and distance distribution functions between first neighbour molecules. Results suggest that strength of solvent-solvent interactions plays a significant role in the observed difference in volumetric properties of these binary mixtures. Calculated hydrogen bond geometry indicates that the hydrogen bond interaction in the three molecular solvents is weak and follows the order PC > γBL > γVL. Highlights • Density of IL mixtures with γ-valerolactone and propylene carbonate was measured. • Excess properties were calculated from experimental results and MD simulations. • Nature of interactions between IL and solvents were discussed. • Orientational correlations and hydrogen bond geometry were investigated. • Solvent-solvent interactions play a significant role in the observed V E difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript eight new 1,3-dialkylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids, [C n C m im][Br], were synthesized and characterized. Densities of ionic liquids and their diluted aqueous solutions have been measured over the whole composition range at selected temperatures from (293.15 to 323.15) K and at atmospheric pressure ( p  = 0.1 MPa). Influence of alkyl chain length and cation symmetry on densities and volumetric properties as well as nature of the interactions in aqueous [C n C m im][Br] solutions have been discussed and compared with previously published aqueous [C 2 C 4 im][Br] system. Densities of pure bromide based ionic liquids decrease with increasing alkyl chain length on imidazolium cation and depend on total number of methyl group in both side alkyl chains. Apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution of investigated ionic liquids in water increase linearly with increase of the total number of the C atoms in the side alkyl chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Processing of hybrid composites represents a challenge for engineers where the aim is to establish compatibility among several materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of different sizes and morphologies of alumina fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite fibres based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres (UHMWPE). These fibres have an outstanding elastic modulus and they are compatible with nonpolar sequences of the poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) matrix. Compared to the fibres, inferior mechanical properties of the matrix can be improved using alumina particles. Commercial aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles, commercial whiskers and synthesized particles of Al2O3 doped with iron oxide, incorporated in different weight percentages, were used as fillers. The UHMWPE fibres were impregnated using the solution of EVA in toluene with dispersed particles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope were used for structural examination. Tensile testing revealed increasing of modulus of elasticity and strengths of obtained hybrid composite fibres. Thermal gravimetry showed improved thermal stability up to 350°C of the hybrid composite fibres with alumina particles doped with iron oxide. Results of tested samples showed that the best mechanical properties were for hybrid composite fibres with 1 wt% of iron doped alumina filler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous two-dimensional (2D) studies have shown that there is a spectrum of carpal mechanics that varies between row-type motion and column-type motion as a function of wrist laxity. More recent three-dimensional (3D) studies have suggested instead that carpal bone motion is consistent across individuals. The purpose of this study was to use 3D methods to determine whether carpal kinematics differ between stiffer wrists and wrists with higher laxity. Wrist laxity was quantified using a goniometer in ten subjects by measuring passive wrist flexion–extension (FE) range of motion (ROM). In vivo kinematics of subjects' scaphoid and lunate with respect to the radius were computed from computed tomography (CT) volume images in wrist radial and ulnar deviation positions. Scaphoid and lunate motion was defined as “column-type” if the bones flexed and extended during wrist radial–ulnar deviation (RUD), and “row-type” if the bones radial–ulnar deviated during wrist RUD. We found that through wrist RUD, the scaphoid primarily flexed and extended, but the scaphoids of subjects with decreased laxity had a larger component of RUD (R2 = 0.48, P < 0.05). We also determined that the posture of the scaphoid in the neutral wrist position predicts wrist radial deviation (RD) ROM (R2 = 0.46, P < 0.05). These results suggest that ligament laxity plays a role in affecting carpal bone motion of the proximal row throughout radial and ulnar deviation motions; however, other factors such as bone position may also affect motion. By developing a better understanding of normal carpal kinematics and how they are affected, this will help physicians provide patient-specific approaches to different wrist pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Methods: b Collaborating with the Shupyk National Healthcare University in Kyiv, Ukraine, and experts selected for their experience in wartime trauma, we created a multimodal, rapid-cycle knowledge-sharing and decision-support platform on April 9, 2022. Bi-monthly ZoomTM webinars have been held on high impact trauma critical care topics identified by our Ukrainian participants with panel discussions to facilitate cross-cultural knowledge exchange, and live-streamed to a private YouTubeTM channel with translations. A private ViberTM group was created to offer a secure knowledge-sharing community for participants to discuss challenging topics. [Extracted from the article]

Since the development of containers and Intermodalism in the late 1960's, containerization is constantly growing and penetrating almost all seaborne trade sectors, as by 2016 nearlyl.7 billion tons were transported by container [8], Moreover, Container ports play an important role as nodes in the supply chain and focal points for containerized cargo as they complement and add value to the shipping lines and shippers' objectives. Moreover, competition among container ports is taking place at all levels regionally, nationally and internally. In the same context, shipping lines are competing vigorously and increasing their fleets in both size and number of vessels, resulting in excess market supply. Recently, shipping lines are consolidating rapidly by means of vertical and horizontal integration through mergers, acquisitions and forming alliances to cool down competition and backup each other as well as escape bankruptcy. This policy increased the market concentration and shipping lines bargaining power and exposed container ports to more competitive environment as well. The key point put forward in this paper is that the competitive battle among container ports will increasingly be fought with the presence of recent shipping lines market concentration. This paper illustrates the contemporary dynamics in the container shipping market. In that respect, the paper is divided into three main sections. The first one presents the port competition conceptual definition, types and landscapes. The second one outlines the analyses of the existing carriers' contemporary market dynamics. Finally, discusses the possible outcomes of different development policies of shipping companies, and how they affect ports' effectiveness and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RapidScat is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ku-Band scatterometer that was operated onboard the International Space Station between September 2014 and August 2016 when the mission effectively ended after an irrecoverable instrument failure. A unique non-Sun-synchronous orbit facilitated global contiguous geographical sampling between the ±56˚ latitude. For the first time, such an orbit enabled an overlap with other scatterometers flying in Sun-synchronous orbits. The double-difference technique was developed and successfully used for microwave radiometer calibration at the Remote Sensing Laboratory at the University of Central Florida, USA. This paper presents the extension of the double difference methodology to scatterometry. The methodology has been adopted for the cross-instrument calibration between RapidScat and QuikScat scatterometers simultaneously orbiting the Earth on-board two independent satellite platforms. The double-difference technique was deployed to compare measurements from these two scatterometers, as a more accurate alternative to the classic single difference approach. The work summarized in this paper addressed a cross-calibration algorithm developed and applied to RapidScat and QuikScat data in the period from January 2015 to March 2016. The initial results of the statistical analysis and biases between the two scatterometers are presented. Calculated biases may be used for measurement correction and reprocessing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments was adopted in February 2004 and it was ratified by a sufficient number of countries in September 2016. The most important part of the Convention is Regulation D-2. One way to meet D-2 is to retrofit Ballast Water Treatment Systems (BWTS) on existing ships and their fitting on newbuildings. The market consists of the following stakeholders: shipowners, equipment manufacturers, shipyards, recognized organizations, laboratories for testing the efficacy of the BWTS and coastal countries' administrations in charge for implementing Convention standards. In order to enable enough time to comply with the Convention, shipowners are granted maximum 5 year period, i.e. system retrofitting is connected to the first renewal of the International Oil Pollution Prevention certificate after September 2017. Some shipowners will postpone retrofitting for five years since they will renew IOPP certificates in advance, which is approved by many flag States and stated in their circular letters. More than 60 systems received flag State type approvals, but only few systems are approved by United States Maritime Administration (MARAD). That is one of the reasons why most of the shipowners are still waiting with planning and retrofitting, which leads to requests for more postponement. However, many manufacturers claim that they will be ready for increased demand for BWTS and will cope with and try to satisfy market demand by hiring additional work force, by expanding existing manufacturing facilities and maintain good cooperation with shipyards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: To translate into Serbian and validate the Primary Biliary Cholangitis–40 (PBC-40) and PBC-27 questionnaires. Materials and methods: Ninety-four consecutive outpatients with the diagnosis of PBC from three departments across two tertiary care institutions in Belgrade were enrolled from February to October 2016. Standard methodology for cultural adaption of healthcare related quality of life questionnaires was used, and included: a forward translation, backward translation and a pilot test of the Serbian PBC-40 on five patients who gave suggestions and comments. For evaluation of the questionnaires, acceptance was shown by the proportion of missing items and the internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The PBC-40 was self-administered under the supervision of an experienced hepatologist. The PBC-27 is a shorter version of the PBC-40. Results: A total of 92 (97.9%) of the patients were females. The mean age was 59.26 ± 1.05 years and the average length of disease was 60.45 ± 48.314 months. The average PBC-40 score was 85.62 ± 30.46. The total time needed to complete the questionnaire ranged from 7 to 16 minutes. The proportion of missing items was 5.45% (205/3760). Cronbach’s α for the entire scale was 0.93. Reliability for all of the domains of the PBC-40 was above 0.70, except for the domain “Symptoms” (α = 0.52). Overall reliability of the PBC-27 was α = 0.90. Domains “Dryness”, “Symptoms” and “Fatigue” demonstrated reliability below α = 0.70. Conclusions: The Serbian PBC-40 is a valid and reasonably adequate for use in Serbian PBC patients. The PBC-40 is preferred over the PBC-27. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bibliography provides an overview of the scientific and professional papers dealing with the research of the library services and departments from the users' perspective in the period from 1991 to the end of 2016 in all types of libraries in the Republic of Croatia, with the exception of school libraries. The research included articles, summaries, reviews, and presentations on posters, mostly by the domestic authors, that have been published in Croatian library journals, proceedings, graduate, master and doctoral theses, and also the available online researches. All papers were later classified in several thematic categories. In conclusion, the paper provides an analysis of the participation of certain types of libraries in the aforementioned researches, the most frequent research topics as well as the most frequently used methods for collecting data within the given time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neglected pes equinovarus deformity at the adulthood is difficult to correct. It is usually a rigid deformity associated with arthritic changes of the hindfoot joint. Combined bone and soft tissue procedure is necessary to correct the deformity. Case report: We present a case of acquired severe rigid pes equinovarus in adulthood with varus ankle of 40o and equines deformity of 120o with concomitant degenerative osteoarthritic changes of the ankle joint. The deformity was successfully corrected with use of tiob-talo-calcaneal retrograde nail. Conclusion: The acquired severe complex and rigid deformity of the hind foot in adult could be successfully treated with use of retrograde tibio-talo-calcaneal nailing techniques. With this technique good bone remodeling can be achieved as well as reduction of the risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Accurate clinical assessment of liver fibrosis is essential and the aim of our study was to compare and combine hemodynamic Doppler ultrasonography, liver stiffness by transient elastography, and non-invasive serum biomarkers with the degree of fibrosis confirmed by liver biopsy, and thereby to determine the value of combining non-invasive method in the prediction significant liver fibrosis.Material and Methods: We included 102 patients with chronic liver disease of various etiology. Each patient was evaluated using Doppler ultrasonography measurements of the velocity and flow pattern at portal trunk, hepatic and splenic artery, serum fibrosis biomarkers, and transient elastography. These parameters were then input into a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network with two hidden layers, and used to create models for predicting significant fibrosis.Results: According to METAVIR score, clinically significant fibrosis (≥F2) was detected in 57.8% of patients. A model based only on Doppler parameters (hepatic artery diameter, hepatic artery systolic and diastolic velocity, splenic artery systolic velocity and splenic artery Resistance Index), predicted significant liver fibrosis with a sensitivity and specificity of75.0% and 60.0%. The addition of unrelated non-invasive tests improved the diagnostic accuracy of Doppler examination. The best model for prediction of significant fibrosis was obtained by combining Doppler parameters, non-invasive markers (APRI, ASPRI, and FIB-4) and transient elastography, with a sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 100%.Conclusion: Doppler parameters alone predict the presence of ≥F2 fibrosis with fair accuracy. Better prediction rates are achieved by combining Doppler variables with non-invasive markers and liver stiffness by transient elastography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nutritional placebo-controlled study was performed in Wistar rats in order to investigate the effects of 5-weeks aronia juice consumption towards fatty acid (FA) composition of phospholipids in the plasma and liver, as well as plasma glucose (Glu) and cholesterol levels. The animals were divided into 3 groups of 8 animals each, and randomized to receive either the full polyphenol dose of Aronia melanocarpa juice (AMJ), 4 times less polyphenol dose (1/4-AMJ) or polyphenol-lacking placebo beverage (PLB). Each group of 8 male adult Wistar rats received the liquid ad libitum. AMJ decreased the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P < 0.05) vs. PLB. AMJ increased dihomo- γ-linoleic acid (DGLA, 20:3n-6) (P < 0.05) and decreased arachidonic acid content (AA, 20:4n-6) (P < 0.05) vs. PLB in liver phospholipids. AMJ signifi cantly increased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) levels both in the liver (P < 0.05) and plasma (P < 0.05). Both aronia juice doses elevated the levels of benefi cial n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the plasma and liver. There was a dose-dependent, signifi cant increase (P < 0.001) in cis-vaccenic acid (VA, 18:1n-7) in phospholipids in the plasma and liver. Our results indicate favorable effects of aronia juice intake on lipid parameters in Wistar rats. These fi ndings suggest the potential of aronia dietary intake in cardiometabolic diseases primary prevention strategies in the human population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physicochemical properties and nature of the interactions in methanol and ethanol solutions of 1-butyl-3-ethylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid, [C 4 C 2 im]Br, have been investigated experimentally measuring density over the whole composition range at selected temperatures and atmospheric pressure. From the experimental densities, the excess properties and partial molar volumes of the components at infinite dilution were calculated, as well as the excess molar expansibility at infinite dilution and isobaric thermal expansion coefficients. Obtained negative values of excess molar volumes with pronounced minimum at x IL ≈ 0.3 indicate strong ion–alcohol interactions and better packing due to differences in the size and shape of the molecules. Results are compared with those obtained for aqueous solutions of investigated ionic liquid and discussed in terms of hydrogen bond formation. Also, apparent molar volumes for {[C 4 C 2 im]Br + alcohol} systems show more pronounced deviations comparing to aqueous solutions of [C 4 C 2 im]Br confirming stronger self-association of the water molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: to determine which drugs from the group of Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System are mostly used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Pediatric Clinic of the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo; to determine specific usage (drug dose, intervals between them, total daily dose, the length of therapy in days, route of administration, pharmaceutical formulation); to determine whether the drug dose and routes of administration differ in respect to the age of a patient and whether the drugs were used as recommended. Results: this research included 670 patients, 384 male (57.3%) and 286 female (42.7%). The number of mature infants was 142 (21.2%) and the number of premature infants was 528 (78.8%). The average gestation week (GA) was 33.1± 4.2, and the average birth weight was 2079.4±10.2 grams. The average number of drugs per patient was 7.5 (SD±4.3) regardless of gestational age. The most often used drugs, from each group according to ATC classification and regardless to gestational age were: probiotic drops (57.8%), vitamin K1 (81.8%), furosemide (20.6%), sildenafil (4.2%), dexamethasone (1.7%), ampicillin (97.2%), amikacin (80%), ibuprofen (3.1%), midazolam (44.6%), surfactant (14.6%), tobramycin (8.7%). There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the dose related to gestational age of the respondents. The results of the evaluated drugs were compared to guidelines and it was established that they were used according to guidelines applicable at the Pediatric Clinic NICU. Conclusion: this study shows that pharmacological treatment of neonatal population differs in individual dose, total daily dose and route of administration in respect to other age groups and that it is applied in accordance with the recommended guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by a rapid progression to multiple organ failure and is associated with a very high mortality rate of 50-90%. Novel therapies are being investigated such as Erythropoietin (EPO). The aim of this prospective cohort study was to analyse the value of EPO in predicting prognosis and determine which patients may benefit most from EPO therapy. Methods: According to the EASL-CLIF criteria, 104 consecutive patients were diagnosed with ACLF, and separated into two groups based on the type of insult: bleeding (Group A=31) or non-bleeding (Group B=73). In addition to a complete biochemical work-up and calculation of relevant prognostic scores, levels of EPO were measured on admission and correlated to the type of insult and final outcome. Results: Fifteen patients from Group A (mean age 60.32±9.29 years) had a lethal outcome and higher values of EPO on admission (319.26±326.58 mIU/ml) (p<0.005), compared to the 37 patients from Group B (mean age 59.9±10.19 years) with EPO levels at admission of 29.88±34.6 mIU/mL. In Group B, a cut-off EPO value of 30.65 mIU/mL had a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity 57.4% in predicting lethal outcome with an AUROC of 0.823. In Group A, a cut-off value of 229.95 mlU/mL had a sensitivity and specificity of 53.3% and 92.7%, respectively. The AUROC for this cut-off was 0.847. Conclusions: Erythropoietin is superior to the standard prognostic scores in predicting 28-day mortality. Lower levels of EPO were detected in patients without bleeding as an insult indicating a possible therapeutic benefit in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive Information Systems (AdIS) are systems responsive to environmental changes or changes in a ship's systems. In this paper the potential of shipboard AdIS to decrease an officer's excessive workload are examined. The workload of the Officer Of the Watch (OOW) consists of tasks being initiated by the OOW and by external inputs. Sometimes the external inputs, particularly those requiring low priority actions, actually distract the OOW and increase the workload. Consequently an overload may be reduced by delaying low priority information, thus delaying the actions they could initiate. To estimate the applicability of AdIS, a model has been developed using a discrete event simulation software, consisting of three main modules: environment, AdIS and the OOW. The simulation has been run with a traffic environment comparable to those existing in the Dover Strait. A comparison between the OOW workload with and without AdIS has been estimated, indicating that during demanding navigation AdIS can significantly reduce the overload time. In areas similar to the Dover Strait the overload time can be reduced by a third. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemical and transport properties of the pure 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ionic liquid, [bmim][DCA], and its binary liquid mixtures with γ-butyrolactone (GBL) were studied at temperatures from (273.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure over the whole composition range. Electrical conductivity data were correlated using Arrhenius, Casteel–Amis and Vogel–Tammann–Fulcher equations. Several semi-empirical models (quasi-Arrhenius and Bahe–Varela model) were also tested. Electrochemical stability of {[bmim][DCA] + GBL} was also investigated. It was found that addition of GBL do not reduce electrochemical stability of investigated solution. All the results obtained for {[bmim][DCA] + GBL} are compared with those reported for binary mixtures of GBL and ionic liquids with dicyanamide, [DCA] − , and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [TFSI] − , anions. At the compositions where maximum of conductivity is observed, difference in conductivity between [DCA] − and [TFSI] − based ionic liquids + GBL mixtures is around 70%. It was found that type of the cation (imidazolium and pyrrolidinium) do not influence the electrical conductivity of the mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to determine the values of selected parameters of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to compare the effect of combined antihypertensive therapy on the examined parameters. The study was designed as a prospective study of parallel groups. Patients were randomized to receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) + calcium channel blockers (Ca2+ blockers) (n=80), ACEIs + thiazide diuretics (TDs) (n=80) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) + TDs (n=80). The study was conducted over a period of 12 months. Outcome variables were: weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance (IR), total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Measurements were taken at the beginning of the study and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months respectively. Level of significance was set up to value p<0.05. According to the results at the end of the study, there was a statistically significant reduction of the following parameters in the group where ACEIs were combined with Ca2+ blockers: DBP (-24.57±0.03 mm Hg, p<0.001), IR (-23.54±0.03, p<0.001), HbA1c (-1.56±0.01%, p<0.001), total cholesterol (-0.51±0.01 mmol/L, p<0.001), LDL cholesterol (-1.10±0.03 mmol/L, p<0.001), triglycerides (-0.89±0.02 mmol/L, p<0.001), with a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (+0.26±0.01 mmol/L, p<0.001) compared to other two groups. The group prescribed with ACEIs + Ca2+ blockers had following eects on SBP and FBG when compared to group prescribed with a ACEIs + TDs and ARBs + TDs, respectively: SBP (-29.61±0.05 mm Hg, p=0.010) and FBG (-1.86±0.02 mmol/L, p=0.026). Combined antihypertensive drugs -- ACEIs + Ca2+ blockers - showed the greatest eect in reducing diastolic blood pressure and insulin resistance, with a consequent positive eect on the lipid profile in patients with hypertension and MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]