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Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber has become one of the ideal reinforcement materials due to its high chemical stability, high mechanical properties and low cost. However, the regular non-polar molecular chain structure results in the UHMWPE fiber with high crystallinity and almost no chemical bond with the resin matrix. so the adhesion to the resin is poor. For this reason, many fiber surface treatments have been carried out, such as ultraviolet radiation, plasma treatment, polymer coating and so on. This article mainly starts from two aspects of wet chemical modification and dry chemical modification, summarizes the current research status of interface modification of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and reveals the interface enhancement mechanism and interface performance from both physical and chemical aspects. The relationship with the mechanical properties of composite materials provides scientific theoretical basis and technical guidance for the design and modification of the interface structure of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]