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This study aimed to understand the content changes of different protected soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions in upland red soil that have been affected by long-term fertilization management, and to explore the equilibrium or saturation for SOC pools with varying protection methods. Surface (0~20 cm) samples of upland red soil that were subjected to six different treatments were collected from a longterm fertilization experiment. Treatments included no fertilizer application (CK); chemical nitrogen fertilizer alone (N); conventional usage amount of chemical N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers (NPK), double usage amount of chemical NPK fertilizers (HNPK), chemical NPK fertilizers plus organic manure (NPKM), and organic manure alone (M) . The total organic carbon (TOC) of soil was then separated into six different functional pools by the recently developed physical-chemical fractionation method, which included unprotected SOC, physically protected SOC, physical-chemically protected SOC, physical-biochemically protected SOC, chemically protected SOC, and biochemically protected SOC pools. The responses of the contents of SOC fractions with varying protection mechanisms to long-term fertilization were assessed, and the relationships between the contents of different protected SOC fractions and TOC, as well as between storages of different protected SOC pools and accumulated C input were investigated. The results showed that there was no significant (P> 0.05) difference in the contents of all the separated SOC fractions between CK and N treatments. The TOC content, the contents of unprotected SOC and physically protected SOC fractions in NPK, HNPK, M, and NPKM, however, were significantly increased by 13.3%– 48.0%, 39.2%-221.5%, 41.9%-132.3% respectively, compared with CK treatment. The proportions of unprotected SOC and physically protected SOC in TOC were significantly (P<0.05) increased under all the fertilization treatments with an exception of N treatment by 1.9- 10.0 and 2.5-5.5 percentage points respectively as compared with CK treatment. Organic amendment treatments (such as M and NPKM treatments) caused the best increase of the content of TOC and its unprotected and physically protected fractions. The contents of all the SOC fractions have shown linear positive correlations with the TOC content, according to the slope of the fitted equation. With the increase of TOC content per unit, the increase rates of the content for the unprotected coarse particle SOC and physically protected particle SOC were up to 44.3% and 28.0% (P<0.001), respectively. With the exception of biochemically protected SOC, the storages of the other separated SOC pools showed significant (P<0.01) linear correlations with the accumulated C input. Therefore, the increased TOC in upland red soil due to fertilization is preferentially sequestered in the form of unprotected coarse particle and physically protected SOC. Application of chemical fertilizer, through either single or combined application, has less effect on improving TOC sequestration, SOC lability, and its physical protection than organic amendments. The results of this study also indicated that the biochemically protected SOC pool in upland red soil reached an equilibrium status under the current condition of accumulated C input level; however, further work is needed to assess SOC saturation characteristics, which rely on lengthier experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the high-speed requirement of high-end network devices, hardware using TCAMs has been the dominant implementation of packet classification in industry. Despite its capability for line-speed queries, TCAM is not only power hungry but also capacity inefficient. By making use of a pre-classifier to activate TCAM blocks selectively, many research efforts significantly reduce the power consumption of TCAM. However, these bottom-up based pre-classifiers achieve power savings at the expense of poor utilization of TCAM capacity, and the potential of power reduction is not fully exploited in many cases. This paper proposed a power-saving pre-classifier for TCAM based packet classification, which constructed based on decision trees. By grouping rules with respect to their small fields, rules could be recursively mapped into decision trees without the trouble of rule replications, so that a top-down traversal algorithm could be well applied for obtaining index items. Experimental results show that for rule sets up to one hundred thousand entries, the proposed design achieves 98. 2% power reduction with a TCAM storage overhead of 1. 3% on average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fractional order model of thermocouple is used to study the dynamic characteristics of thermocouple. In dynamic system temperature measurement, a delay of temperature response exists when the thermocouple is used to measure the transient temperature. The process of measurement is a time-delay process or genetic process. When thermocouple wires come into contact with an object being measured, the heat transfer occurs through the wires. The temperature on measuring junction results from the heat transfer between medium and measuring junction and the heat conduction between measuring junction and wires. A fractional order model of semi-infinite solid heat conduction is established based on the theory of fractional calculus. The proposed model describes the heat transfer between the measuring junction and the measured medium, including the heat transfer between the measuring junction and the wire. A fractional order transfer function is obtained by fractional Laplace transform. The transfer function describes the time lag of thermal inertia and the phase delay of thermal diffusion. An experimental system for measuring the surface temperature by thermocouple is built to collect the input and output data of thermocouple under the step perturbationed. Based on measured input and output data, the parameters and order of fractional order transfer function are estimated by using the new Luus-Jaakola algorithm. The experimental and calculated results show that the fitting results of variable fractional order transfer function are better than those of invariable fractional order transfer function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the procedures and significances of establishment of database of cases infected by Acinetobacter baumannii, so as to provide references for researches of epidemiological investigations, treatment options and prognostic analyses. METHODS: Data of Acinetobacter baumannii infected cases from hospital of Xinjiang production and construction corps above grade A class second (13 hospitals) were collected from 2015 to 2016, summarized and classified, WAMP (Windows + PHP + Apache + MySQL) platform was adopted to establish the database of cases infected by Acinetobacter baumannii on basis of requirements analysis, related data and information were then typed in. RESULTS: Established the “man-machine” friendship interface, the database system of Acinetobacter baumannii cases that mainly included four modifies of homepage, query, data analysis and system maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: This database has the features of wide application, professional, good expansibility and easy to generalize, with overall reflection on its functions and effects of inspection, diagnosis, treatment and prediction. Which benefits corps medical stafl to conduct epidemiological investigations, assessment on therapeutic effects, evaluation and prediction on infection rales, prognostic analyses, provide reliable basic data for corps medical staff and science researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） is a common chronic respiratory disease, and patients with COPD often experience substantially emotional difficulties, such as anxiety and depression, all of which may cause serious detriment to the prognosis of patients. As a non-pharmacological intervention in clinical practice, group mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy（MBSR） is beginning to emerge, while has rarely been studied in COPD patients with concurrent emotional difficulties.Objective To evaluate the effects of group MBSR on depression, state of mindfulness and pulmonary function in stable COPD patients, so as to provide references for the application of group MBSR in patients with COPD.Methods A total of 97 patients with stable COPD who were followed up in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Mianyang Third People’s Hospital from January to October 2019 were selected as the study objects, and they were assigned into study group（n=50） and control group（n=47） by random number table method. All individuals received routine medication therapy and an 8-week health education, based on this, participants in study group partook an 8-week intervention comprising group MBSR. At the baseline, 4 weeks and 8weeks of intervention, participants were assessed with Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire（FFMQ） and COPD Assessment Test（CAT）, as well as the pulmonary function testing.Results There were 41 patients in study group and 42 cases in control group completed the study. The group * time interaction was interpreted as significant between two groups for SDS, FFMQ and CAT scores（F=54. 858, 86. 161, 69. 862, P＜0. 01）. Baseline SDS, FFMQ and CAT scores of the two groups yielded no statistical difference between two groups（F=0. 240, 0. 052, 0. 019, P＞0. 05）, while study group scored lower on SDS and CAT（F=12. 900, 38. 511, 7. 797, 28. 824, P＜0. 01） and higher on FFMQ（F=27. 324, 82. 412, P＜0. 01） than those of the control group after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention. With the prolongation of intervention time in study group, participants demonstrated an overall reduction in SDS and CAT scores（F=109. 753, 124. 144, P＜0. 01）, and an increase in FFMQ scores（F=228. 194, P＜0. 01）. There were no between-group differences in forced expiratory volume in one second as percentage of predicted volume（FEV1%pred） after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention（F=0. 104, P=0. 748）, and the within-group changes in FEV1%pred value over the intervention period in study group was not statistical（F=0. 561, P=0. 458）.Conclusion Group MBSR may help relieve depressive symptoms, enhance mindfulness level, and alleviate clinical symptoms in stable COPD patients, but has no effect on pulmonary function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the expression level of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and its correlations to nutritional status and the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Methods A total of 136 esophageal cancer patients treated with surgical resection and chemotherapy/radiotherapy in our hospital were included in this study. The expression level of serum IGFBP-2 was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and its correlations to clinicopathological characteristics and nutritional parameters were further analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to evaluate the impact of serum IGFBP-2 expression on the overall survival (OS) of esophageal cancer patients. Moreover, the Cox multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the prognostic significance of serum IGFBP-2 level for esophageal cancer patients. Results All patients were divided into the high expression (n=68) group and the low expression group (n=68) based on the median value (302.52 μg/L) of serum IGFBP-2 expression. Compared with the low expression group, patients with high expression of serum IGFBP-2 had a higher proportion of weight loss ≥ 5% (χ² = 6.814), serum albumin <35 g/L (χ² =23.702), C-reactive protein ≥10 mg/L (χ² = 4.561), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) 1-2 (χ² = 17.486) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) <50.8 (χ² = 51.883), and a lower count of peripheral blood lymphocyte (P＜ 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the median OS of patients with high IGFBP-2 expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low IGFBP-2 expression (22.0 months vs. 36.0 months, Log-rank χ² =5.037，P＜0.05). The results of multivariate Cox analysis indicated that high serum IGFBP-2 expression (HR=1.631, 95%CI: 1.064-2.940, P=0.025) and tumor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (HR=1.851, 95%CI: 1.166-2.940, P=0.009) were independent prognostic factors for esophageal cancer patients. Conclusion The elevated serum level of IGFBP-2 expression is an indicator of malnutrition status, suggesting a poor prognosis of esophageal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

光动力疗法 (PDT) 是一种以光化学为基础的治疗方法, 具有无创性、选择性较高的特点, 已成为多种肿瘤治疗的有效方法。PDT 通过使用特定波段的光来激发光敏剂 (PSs) 产生活性氧, 从而诱导细胞凋亡或坏死、微血管损伤和免疫应答。但 PSs 结构以高度共轭的化合物为主, 水溶性较差, 在水中的聚集性较强, 可能导致其光动力活性降低。此外, PSs 还存在体内清除过程缓慢, 激发光波长短、水溶性过低或水中聚集性过强, 对肿瘤组织靶向性低等问题。目前, 可采用纳米技术对 PSs 进行直接修饰或采用纳米材料载体对PSs进行递送, 从而提高 PSs 对肿瘤组织的靶向性和特异性。常用的PSs纳米修饰技术包括化学修饰及其超分子体系的构建, 常用的新型纳米材料载体主要包括纳米颗粒、纳米脂质体、树状大分子、纳米水凝胶颗粒等, 其中纳米颗粒包括金纳米粒子、超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子、量子点、上转换纳米材料等。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的探讨烧伤病房装修对降低病区菌株、减少耐药菌株、提高药物敏感率、对烧伤感染防控的作用。 方法 2012年2月19日装修后的病房结合采取病房轮流空置、外院转入患者先住指定病房、空气消毒、严格施行隔离 及手卫生、控制抗菌药物使用等综合措施，比较2010年1月1 至2012年2月19 病房装修前收治的458例患者 (2 564份标本）和2012年3月1 至2013年4月30日病房装修后收治的421例患者（2 484份标本）细菌培养及抗菌 药物敏感情况。结果病房装修后空气、患者细菌培养阳性率均明显低于病房装修前，常规细菌药物敏感率均明显高于 病房装修前，泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌只有1种较敏感的抗菌药物——注射用头孢哌明钠/舒巴坦钠敏感率也明显高于病房 装修前，差并均有统计学意义（P<0.05);耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌敏感率大于60.00%的抗菌药物只有万古霉素，病房 装修前后敏感率均为100.00%n结论病房装修配合消毒隔离及控制抗菌药物使用，能明显降低严重烧伤患者细菌种 类和病房空气含细菌量，提高抗菌药物敏感率，有利于烧伤感染的防控。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的　调查四川省阿坝州红原县年龄≥40岁常住居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 患病情况, 并探讨其影 响因素。方法　通过随机抽样法抽取四川省阿坝州红原县年龄≥40岁常住居民, 采用入户调查的方式对调查对象 进行肺功能检测及问卷调查, 确定 COPD 患病情况。比较不同调查因素的 COPD 患病率, 对有显著差异的因素行多 因素 Logistic回归分析, 确定患 COPD的独立影响因素。结果　共抽取红原县年龄≥40岁常住居民 456例, 436例质 控合格, 其中53例确诊COPD, COPD总患病率为12. 16%。调查对象不同性别、民族、年龄、吸烟状况、吸烟年限、文 化程度、取暖方式、肺结核病史、BMI患病率差异均有统计学意义 (P均<0. 05) 。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, COPD患病的独立影响因素包括民族、年龄、吸烟状况、取暖方式、文化程度和肺结核病史 (P均<0. 05) 。结论　四川 省阿坝州红原县年龄≥40岁常住居民COPD患病率为12. 16%, 高于全国患病率；民族、年龄、吸烟状况、取暖方式、文 化程度和肺结核病史是红原县COPD患病的独立影响因素。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-term phosphate (P) fertilizer application significantly increases P accumulation in bulk soil and aggregate components of the cultivated layer. However, the response of P distribution in aggregate to long-term P fertilization for deep soil is unclear, which is an important indicator for judging whether P migrates to groundwater. The long-term experiment (since 1981) was conducted on paddy fields from red soil, which included nitrogen and potassium fertilizer (NK), nitrogen, P, and potassium fertilizer (NPK), and NPK combined with organic fertilizer (NPKM). In 2020（After 40 years of long-term fertilization）, soil samples from 0 to 20 cm, 20~40 cm, and 40~60 cm were collected, the total and available P content of bulk soil and each aggregate component was determined, and the relationships among fertilization, aggregate distribution, and aggregate P content were discussed. All treatments showed that the proportion of aggregates >2 mm gradually decreased with increasing soil depth. The application of P fertilizer treatment significantly increased the available P content in bulk soil and each aggregate component of 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm, compared with that of the no phosphate fertilizer treatment, with the highest increase observed in the NPKM treatment. The total P content in all aggregates of 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm, and 40~60 cm under NPKM treatment was increased by 2.14~2.60, 1.39~2.80 times, and 27.03%~180%, respectively, compared with that of NK treatment. Meanwhile, the available P content was increased by 12.95~18.29, 7.57~12.31 times, and 70.67%~709%, respectively. It also indicated that the growth rate of total P and available P content in the NPKM treatment showed a gradual increase with an increase in aggregate size. The P uptake of rice showed that the NPKM treatment had the highest rate, followed by the NPK treatment, while the NK treatment had the lowest rate. Indepth analysis revealed that the total and available P content in aggregates was mainly affected by the P surplus. Meanwhile, the available P content in the aggregates was also directly controlled by the total P content. Therefore, in paddy fields of red soil, long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for 40 years significantly affected P distribution in surface and deep soil aggregates, and the response of the available P content was sensitive in large aggregates. The P distribution of soil aggregates could be significantly affected by regulating the P surplus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the rules and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by antibiotics in Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"), so as to provide reference and warnings for the rational application of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 249 cases of ADR induced by antibiotics collected from Jan.2012 to Dec.2016 in terms of patients' age,gender, occurrence time, administration route, ADR-inducing drug categories, ADR involved organs and (or) systems and clinical manifestations, severe ADR-inducing drug categories and prognosis and ADR induced by drug combination, etc. RESULTS: Of the 249 cases, females were more than males, patients ≤ 18 years old and ＞ 70 years old took the lead. ADR mainly occurred within 30 min(141 cases, 56.63％), and the main inducing route of administration was intravenous drip, followed by oral administration and intravenous pumping. The top three ADR-inducing antibiotics were respectively cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and macrolide, and the top three drugs were respectively levofloxacin, cefoperazone sodium sulbactam sodium and cefuroxime. Sever ADR (31 cases, 12.45％)were mainly induced by cephalosporins antibiotics, after symptomatic treatment, the patients were cured or improved. ADR mainly involved skin and its appendants. ADR induced by drug combination was 37 cases (14.86％), antibiotics combined with traditional Chinese medicine took the lead (17cases, 45.95％). CONCLUSIONS: Causes of ADR are various, the clinic are suppose to strictly follow the medication indication of antibiotics, strengthen the administration monitoring,timely discover and control ADR, so as to promote the rational drug application in clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的调查绵阳市年龄≥40岁常住居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）流行病学情况，并分析其相关影响因 素。方法据国家卫生健康委员会公布的40岁以上人群COPD患病率确定调查样本量，采用多阶段分层整群随机 抽样的方法抽取绵阳市年龄≥40岁常住居民。采用集中调查与入户调查相结合的方式，经由统一培训的呼吸科医 师在独立、安静的房间采取面对面的方式帮助调查对象完成量表填写及肺功能检查，确定COPD患病情况；比较不 同调查因素COPD患病率，对有意义的因素行多因素Logistic回归分析确定患COPD的独立影响因素。结果共选 取调查对象1 196人，有效调查1 116人，调查合格率为93. 31%。其中男482人、女634人，年龄（63. 74 ± 10. 02）岁， 城镇居民占比55. 82％、农村居民占比44. 18％；人群总吸烟率32. 35%，初始吸烟年龄（20. 98 ± 6. 35）岁，平均吸烟 量15. 31支/天；经常使用的燃料类型为柴草（55. 47%）和煤（33. 87%），14. 70%有职业粉尘接触史，13. 80％有呼吸 道疾病家族史。共91人确诊为COPD，COPD总患病率为8. 15%。不同性别、年龄、居住地区、吸烟状况，是否被动吸 烟，是否有呼吸道疾病家族史、职业粉尘接触史COPD患病率差异均有统计学意义（P 均<0. 05）。多因素Logistic回 归分析结果显示，COPD患病的独立影响因素包括年龄、居住地区、吸烟和呼吸道疾病家族史（P 均<0. 05）。结论 绵阳市年龄≥40岁常住居民COPD患病率为8. 15%，与全国患病率相近；年龄、吸烟、居住地区和呼吸道疾病家族史 是绵阳市COPD患病的独立影响因素，应针对COPD相应因素进行防治。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type I collagen extracted from Tilapia skin was mixed with phycocyanin of different concentrations, and the composite hydrogel was prepared by self-assembly properties of collagen. The permeability, microscopic morphology, infrared spectrum, swelling rate and antioxidant of the composite hydrogel were investigated. Results show that permeability, microscopic pores and swelling rates of composite hydrogel increased significantly with increase of phycocyanin content. Infrared spectra showed that characteristic absorption peaks of these two proteins did not be destroyed by the preparation method. In the antioxidant experiment, composite hydrogel with excellent antioxidant capacity showed scavenging capacity of DPPH free radicals andhydroxyl radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective ： To investigate the dissolution of bezafibrate dispersible tablets and bezafibrate tablets，in order to provide a new method for the quality control of dispersible tablets. Methods ： The dissolution curves of bezafibrate were detected at 228 nm by fiberoptic dissolution tester. The detection light length was 1 mm and the rotation rate of paddle was 50 r/min. Results： Bezafibrate displayed good linearity within the range of 35.58-234.85 μg/ml. The RSD of intra- and interday assays were 1.02% and 1.24% (n=6)，respectively. The recovery rate conformed to the regulations. The real-time dissolution curves showed that the accumulative release percentage of bezafibrate tablets and bezafibrate dispersible tablets were significantly different in first 15 min. Conclusion: The fiberoptic dissolution tester could literally describe the dissolution curves， therefore，it could provide real and effective data，as well as a new experimental method for the quality control of bezafibrate dispersible tablets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]