Search

Wheat scab has been one of the most severe diseases for grains in recent years. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can be used to monitor the wheat scab using multispectral remote sensing. In this study, a series of operations were carried out to eliminate the inter-ridge background elements (such as soil and shadow intercage background elements) under natural conditions. The precision segmentation of inter-ridge background was then realized to improve the identification accuracy of wheat scab. A high-precision monitoring model was also constructed for the wheat scab. Specifically, the research object was selected as the wheat at the filling stage in the Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province, China. Rededge MX multispectral camera (five channels) was installed on a DJI M600 Pro six-rotor UAV to capture the multispectral images of the wheat canopy. Multiple vegetation indices were then calculated using the spectral features of the wheat canopy. A correlation analysis was implemented to determine the highest correlation vegetation indices (VIs) with the wheat scab, and the gray scale co-occurrence matrix (gray-level co-occurrence matrix, GLCM and texture feature (TFs). Otus, threshold segmentation and support vector machine (SVM) were used for the semantic segmentation of wheat scab multispectral images. There was a reduced influence of field edge shadow and soil background elements on the identification accuracy of wheat scab. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used after eliminating the ridge background. The regression model was established for the VIs, TFs, Vis&TFs and wheat scab disease index (DI). The regression equation of the monitoring model was then constructed to draw the change chart of disease severity. The experimental results show that the best performance was achieved in the visual interpretation threshold segmentation (overall accuracy: 92.06%, Kappa coefficient: 0.84), and the OTSU threshold segmentation (overall accuracy: 90.52%, Kappa coefficient: 0.81) in the inter-row background elimination model. In the wheat scab monitoring model, the accuracy of the Vis&TFs model was higher than that of the VIs and TFs model, and the accuracy of the refined semantic segmentation model was better than that of the unsegmentation model. Taking the model on May 8 as an example, the training set and validation set R2 of the VIs-PLSR undivided model were 0.71 and 0.73, RMSE were 5.61 and 6.72, and RPD were 1.83 and 1.89, respectively. The training set and validation set R2 of the TFs-PLSR undivided model were 0.64 and 0.62, RMSE were 6.03 and 6.92, and RPD were 1.67 and 1.69, respectively. Vis&TFs undivided model training set and validation set R2 were 0.73 and 0.61, RMSE were 6.31 and 6.68, RPD were 1.93 and 1.89, respectively. The training set and validation set R2 of VIs&TFs fine segmentation model were 0.78 and 0.81, RMSE were 4.73 and 4.31, and RPD were 2.26 and 2.05. In summary, the refined semantic segmentation with the inter-ridge background feature effectively improved the accuracy of the wheat scab monitoring model. The monitoring model was realized to classify the diseases, and then to generate the spatial distribution map of wheat scab grade. The disease distribution of wheat scab was obtained to predict the trend of wheat scab diseases. The finding can also provide effective guidance for the variable application in the late stage of wheat cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To discuss the safety of secukinumab treatment during pregnancy, and to provide the reference for the treatment of psoriasis patients during pregnancy. Methods：A case of pustular psoriasis safely treated with secukinumab during pregnancy was collected and combined with the relevant literature review, the safety of secukinumab treatment for the psoriasis during pregnancy was analyzed. Results: The patient was a 28-year-old woman with a body weight of 50 kg. The patient had been experiencing generalized erythema and scales for 5 years, which worsened with pustules for 1 year. The dermatology examination results showed large patches of erythema, silver-white scales and small pustules on the skin of the patient, no changes in the nails, and was not accompanied by the joint symptoms. The patient was diagnosed as generalized pustular psoriasis. After being treated with secukinumab for 2 months, the psoriasis area and severity index （PASI） was 0； the patient unexpectedly became pregnant after treated for 10 months. Secukinumab was continued throughout the pregnancy until 20 d before delivery, and the patient gave birth to a healthy full-term female baby with the body weight of 3. 6 kg. Conclusion：Secukinumab can be used as a therapeutic option for the patients with psoriasis during pregnancy, but more clinical cases and drug research are needed to evaluate its safety during pregnancy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the characteristics of diagnosed cases with occupational eye disease in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2022, explore the causes of existing problems, and propose countermeasures. Methods Data on diagnosed cases of occupational eye disease from 2013 to 2022 in Jiangsu Province were abstracted from the occupational disease reporting system of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. A database was established, and the statistical analysis was done. Results From 2013 to 2022, a total of 199 cases of occupational eye diseases were diagnosed by occupational disease diagnosis institutions in Jiangsu province. Among them, 125 cases (62.81% ) were diagnosed as occupational chemical eye burns, 70 cases (35.18% ) as occupational cataracts, and 4 cases (2.01% ) as electro -optic ophthalmitis. The mean age at diagnosis of occupational eye disease was (49.69 ± 15.47) years, with a median working time of 5 (1.0, 15.0) years. Male cases accounted for 94.47%, while female cases accounted for 5.53%, with a male-tofemale ratio of 17.09∶1. The main causative factors for occupational chemical eye burns were sodium hydroxide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, and hydrochloric acid, accounting for 41.60%, 16.80%, and 12.00%, respectively. The majority of cases were from the manufacturing industry, accounting for 85.93%, including textile and dyeing industries, metal products manufacturing, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, explosives and fire products manufacturing, and equipment manufacturing. The cases were reported in 12 out of 13 prefectures or cities in Jiangsu Province, mainly in Wuxi, Nanjing, and Xuzhou. The cases were mainly from small and medium -sized private -sector enterprises. Conclusions The number of diagnosed cases with occupational eye disease in Jiangsu Province was generally kept stable, with occasional and/or concentrated clusters in certain industries and regions. Occupational health education and supervision should be strengthened based on the characteristics of occupational eye diseases and the specific conditions in different industries and regions to reduce the occurrence of occupational diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the efficacy of dupilumab in the treatment of refractory atopic dermatitis (AD)，and to provide the reference for the treatment of such patients. Methods The clinical data and follow-up results of two patients with refractory severe AD treated with dupilumab were collected; combined with the literature review, the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of refractory AD were analyzed. Results Patient 1 was a 30-year-old female with dense, infiltrated papules on the back of both hands, resembling lichenified skin changes, scattered erythema, and papules with itching on the limbs and trunk for 25 years. Patient 1 also had a history of allergic rhinitis for 5 years. The diagnosis was adults severe AD. After 16 weeks of treatment with dupilumab, the skin lesions were completely regressed, and there were no relapse during the follow-up period. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis was improved significantly, and oral medication was no longer needed. Patient 2 was a 59-year-old female with general dark red erythema, papules, and nodules accompanied by itching for over 10 years. Patient 2 had been hospitalized many times and had previously received treatment with cyclosporine, azathioprine, and steroids with unsatisfactory results. The diagnosis was adults severe AD. Up to the present, the skin lesions had essentially regressed after treatment with dupilumab. Conclusion Dupilumab has good curative effect and safety on refractory AD, and it can improve the life quality, and controll the charicteristics of AD complicated with other allergic diseases driven by type 2 inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of retaining fascia on the survival of dorsal flap in rats, and to explore the hemodynamic changes and mechanisms. Methods From January 2016 to April 2016, 30 healthy SD rats were selected from Department of Plastic Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. A local in situ flap model with a size of 2.0 cm×8.0 cm was established on the right back of the rat, randomly divided into 3 groups A, B and C with 10 rats in each group. Group A was the perforator pedicle flap group, group B was the perforator fascial pedicle flap group, group C was the random flap group. In group A and B, the right posterior intercostal vessel was used as the perforating vessel of the flap. The skin flap color, swelling and necrosis were observed postoperatively, and the survival rate of the three groups was calculated at 7 and 14 days postoperatively. The blood perfusion values of the three groups were compared within 7 days after the operation. Back flap angiography was performed by gelatin-lead oxide perfusion to observe the vascular structure of the flap at 7 and 14 days postoperatively. Results Seven and 14 days after the operation, the survival rate of groups A and B was significantly higher than that of group C, and the survival rate of group B was higher than that of group A (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance between 7 and 14 days after surgery (P>0.05), gelatin-lead oxide perfusion angiography showed that the number of true vascular anastomoses in group B was significantly higher than that in other groups. Conclusion Reserving the perforator pedicle and surrounding fascia of the flap is more beneficial to the survival of the flap than reserving the perforator or fascia alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A non-contact and online detection system was developed for the soil moisture using Fabry Perot interference near-infrared chip. A large number of points were reduced for the cost-saving and non-destruction of the cultivated layer after the probe of the soil moisture sensor was inserted into the soil. The hardware of the system consisted of an airborne automatic detection device, an electrical control box, and Beidou dual antenna real-time differential positioning. The specific sensors were then selected to detect the soil water content. The packaging of the module was designed to protect the internal structure of the sensor from damage. A lifting detection device was used to control the soil moisture sensor onto the soil surface for the detection. The obstacle avoidance of the device with the ultrasonic sensor was installed to realize the automatic positioning of the measured height. The spectral data in the range of 1 750-2 150 mm was collected from the soil samples with different water content and types. A partial least squares (PLS) prediction model was established for the water content of the soil surface. The determination coefficients of all prediction models were above 0.9. There was a high curve fitting degree of the overall soil model, where the R2 reached 0.933 4. Although there was slightly lower than that of the single soil prediction model, there was a high universality of the overall model suitable for the prediction of most soil water content. Furthermore, the secondary development of the sensor data acquisition was realized to embed the prediction model of soil water content into the original near-infrared sensing chip system. As such, the measured value of soil water content and the corresponding spectral data curve were more intuitively displayed on the industrial computer in real time, when measuring soil samples. The measured distance information by the ultrasonic sensor was transformed into the voltage signals using the cooperated Xinjie PLC and analog module. The closed-loop stepping motor was utilized to adjust the height of the soil moisture sensor in real time, according to the PLC feedback signals, thereby realizing the coordination between the positioning system and the detection device. Correspondingly, a trial prototype was fabricated to integrate the near-infrared detection system of soil moisture and the automatic self-propelled transplanter. The field test results show that the soil moisture sensor after online calibration was dropped onto the soil surface with the lifting detection mechanism for measurement when the transplanter moved at the inspection speed of 0.3 m/s. After that, the moisture content value rose within 5 s, after the real-time display of the moisture content on the industrial computer. The measured water content of surface soil was combined with the positioning of the Beidou RTK system, thereby calculating the soil moisture content under the accurate longitude and latitude. The distribution map of soil moisture content was generated on the measured plot. Subsequently, the sampling points after the test were sampled, pretreated, dried, and calculated to obtain the actual moisture content of the sampling points, where the relative error was calculated between the measured and actual moisture content. Consequently, the measured soil moisture content in the test was basically consistent with the actual one, where the relative error of continuous detection was less than 10%. The distribution map of soil surface water content can be expected to directly match the early warning level of soil moisture for the visualization of the abstract information. Therefore, the soil moisture information of the field can be detected to accurately display in real time. The finding can provide a strong reference and practical significance for the variable irrigation, such as the sprinkler and drip irrigation, thereby optimizing the regional water and soil adaptation in the spatiotemporal pattern of water productivity. Intelligent agricultural machinery can also be created to fully realize the “border inspection and side management” of field management [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的调研四川省零售药店执业药师和其他药学技术人员(非执业药师)队伍现状,为加强全 国零售药店执业药师配备和完善执业药师制度提供参考。方法 2020年 10 月结合问卷调查、实地调研,座谈 会讨论了解四川省零售药店执业药师配备状况､作用发挥情况及其他药学技术人员学历层次、专业、工作年限, 专业技术职务等。结果执业药师在药品质量管理和保障公众用药安全方面发挥着重要作用,但存在分布不 均衡,欠发达区域执业药师数量相对不足,公众认可度不高等问题:7781 名其他药学技术人员中.中专及以下 学历占54.4 (4266/7781)。结论应通过探索执业药师分级管理,提升药学技术人员学历以滿足执业药所 报考条件等加强欠发达地区执业药师配备;加强政策引导,打通执业药师职业上升渠道等降低欠发达地区执业 药师流失率,提升执业能力和认可度等促进执业药师队伍健康有序发展。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to verify if the auxin response factor CmARF4 was a target gene of TAS3 tasi-RNA in Chrysanthemum morifolium, and to explore its expression characteristics.[Methods] The full-length of CmARF4 was obtained by high fidelity PCR using chrysanthemum variety ’Jinba’ as plant material, and the cleavage site of TAS3 tasi-RNA in the CmARF4 gene was confirmed through 5’ RLM-RACE PCR reactions. The relative expression levels of CmARF4 in different tissues and in response to auxin and salt treatment of chrysanthemum variety ’Jinba’ were detected by qPCR.[Results] CmARF4 was a target gene of TAS3,and its cleavage site was located between the 10th and 11th bases of the 5’ end of TAS3. The CmARF4 had an open reading frame(ORF) of 2 322 bp encoding 773 amino acids. The predicted protein molecular weight was 85.7×10³,and the theoretical isoelectric point(pI) was 6.44. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it had the closest relationship with ARF4 from Cynara cardunculus with an identity of 78.63%. CmARF4 gene had the highest expression level in bud and ray-florets during vegetative period and flowering period, followed by that in stem, respectively. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that CmARF4 protein was located in the nucleus. The CmARF4 gene had no transcriptional activity in the yeast system. The expression level of CmARF4 gene increased significantly at 12 h under 5 μmol·L-1 naphthalic acetic acid(NAA) treatment, and kept increase under 15 μmol·L-1 NAA. Under treatment with 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl, the expression level of CmARF4 increased to the highest level at 1 h, and then gradually decreased.[Conclusions] The CmARF4 gene is the target gene of TAS3 tasi-RNA in chrysanthemum. The transcription level of CmARF4 is induced by auxin and salt treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of echinacoside （ECH） on mitochondrial biosynthesis and cardiomyocytes’ apoptosis in heart failure （HF） and to explore its related mechanisms. Methods The experimental animals were divided into three groups：the rat model of HF（HF）was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ISO，and pretreated with ECH by intraperitoneal injection（ECH）and nomal control（ctrl group）. Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography after 2 weeks of treatment. The ultrastructure of myocardium was observed by transmission electron microscopy and the mitochondrial density and vacuolation rate were analyzed. The expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins were evaluated by Western blotting，and genes related to mitochondrial biosynthesis were examined by Real-time PCR. Results ECH increased 1eft ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and 1eft ventricular fraction shortening（LVFS）， but decreased 1eft ventricular end-systolic diameter（LVEDs）and 1eft ventrieular end-diastolic diameter（LVEDd）when compared to HF group （P<0. 01） and improved cardiac function. The myocardial ultrastructure was significantly improved by ECH，the density of regular shapes of mitochondria was increased，and the percentage of vacuolated rate was reduced by ECH（P<0. 01）. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was upregulated and that of pro-apoptotic protein Bax was downregulated in ECH group. The mRNA of mitochondrial biosynthesis related genes PGC-1， NFR-1，NFR-2 and TFAM was significantly upregulated in ECH group. Conclusion ECH promotes mitochondrial biosynthesis and inhibits cardiomyocytes’ apoptosis by up-regulating PGC-1/NFR signaling pathway，thus improving cardiac function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarized the implementation of the pharmacist examination outline of the seventh edition of the national professional qualification examination for licensed pharmacists, and pointed out the existing problems and deficiencies: unclear definition between disciplines, insufficient organic integration of knowledge, lack of practicability in the content selection of professional basic disciplines and so on. At the same time, corresponding revision suggestions are put forward for the revision ideas and contents of the syllabus of pharmaceutical examination: increase the degree of professional integration between disciplines and the breadth of relevant professional knowledge, start with clinical medication, emphasize people-centered pharmacy services, and pay attention to comprehensiveness and practicability. It is hoped to provide references for further improving the outline of the national licensed pharmacist qualification examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence, development, metastasis and invasion of prostate cancer were analyzed based on the traditional Chinese medical theory of Chuanshe and Huchang to obtain the prevention and treatment guidance for bone metastasis of prostate cancer. It is believed that there are similarities in processes between the Huchang and the inflammatory microenvironment of tumor, between the theory of Chuanshe and bone metastasis of prostate cancer, the common theory is the basis to guide the treatment of the disease. The Huchang can be divided into whole Huchang and local Huchang, and the coordination of the whole and local protection field can jointly maintain the stability of the protection 五elT, and the stability of the protection field is the premise to avoid the transmission of Chuanshe. The prevention and treatment of bone metastasis of prostate cancer should adhere to the principle of stable Huchang and avoid ChuansheM ・ Combined with the pathogenesis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer, the main methods of warming kidney Yang, nourishing kidney Yin, invigorating spleen and central methods were used to maintain the stability of whole Huchangt and the methods of dispelling cold and stagnation, detoxifying and removing evil were used to curb cancer toxicity and maintain the stability of local Huchang. And using the method of warming kidney and dispersing stagnation as the main method for preventing and treating prostate cancer bone metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]