Search

In this study, based on the comprehensive evaluation theory of fuzzy membership function, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-year-old Populus cathayana and Populus cathayana+Picea crassifolia forests at the eastern edge of the Gonghe Basin in Qinghai Province were investigated and four indicators that can reflect the basic characteristics of the community, namely, population renewal potential, forest soil fertility, forest productivity, and species diversity, were selected to build an evaluation model for forest community stability. The results indicated that the regeneration potential of the P. cathayana+P. crassifolia forest was higher than that of the P. cathayana forest. Planting P. crassifolia in a 25-year-old P. cathayana forest increased the content of available phosphorus, available potassium in the 0-40 cm soil, and organic matter in the 0-60 cm soil of the forest. Mixed planting enriched the canopy structure, whereas replanting enhanced the biomass of the tree layer. The competitive advantage of trees was greater than that of shrubs. As the forest age increased, the biomass growth rate of the underground part of the tree layer in the P. cathayana+P. crassifolia forest was greater than that of the aboveground part. As the habitat in the forest improved, the underground competition effect of plants increased and allocation of biomass in the underground part increased. The 25-year-old P. cathayana+P. crassifolia forest had the highest species richness as well as diversity index and dominance of the understory herb layer. The stability of the community in different restoration years was the highest in the 25-year-old P. cathayana+P. crassifolia forest, and the evaluation results were consistent with the development of the local P. cathayana forest. Mature P. crassifolia can provide a stable reproductive strategy for positive succession and sustainable development of the community, enabling it to develop a near-natural forest structure. The first generation protection forest built with P. cathayana clone cuttings at the east edge of the Gonghe Basin and similar habitats suggested that replanting of local tree species can improve community stability,achieve natural community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Huachansu capsule combine with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy on serum pain mediators and helper T cell (Th)1, Th2 related cytokines in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 80 patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Shuyang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University were selected from February 2018 to February 2020. According to the random number table,the patients were divided into control group(n=40, synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy) and study group(n=40, Huachansu capsule combined with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy). The efficacy, pain status [visual analogue pain scale(VAS), 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), substance P (SP)], Th1, Th2 related cytokines and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared. The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to plot the 2-year survival curves of two groups, and the Log Rank test was used to compare the differences in survival data between the two groups. Results: The total clinical effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The VAS score, 5-HT, PGE2 and SP in the study group after treatment were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Th1 related cytokines: interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-γ (INF-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the study group after treatment were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Th2 related cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The 2-year overall survival(OS) rate of the study group was 57.50%, significantly higher than 45.00% of the control group. The 2-year progression free survival (PFS) rate of the study group was 42.50%, significantly higher than 35.00% of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Huachansu capsule combine with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, further increase in clinical total effective rate, at the same time, it can also reduce the secretion of serum pain mediators, regulate the levels of Th1 and Th2 related cytokines, improved patient survival rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the attitudes and influencing factors of transplantation-related populations towards kidney xenotransplantation. Methods From June 2022 to January 2023, stratified random sampling was performed from patients awaiting kidney transplantation, patients after kidney transplantation, patients' relatives and medical students. Four hundred subjects were collected from each population and 1600 subjects were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire. Baseline data of the respondents, their attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation and the reasons of rejecting kidney xenotransplantation were analyzed. The influencing factors of attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation were also identified. Results A total of 1 493 valid questionnaires were collected, and the questionnaire retrieval rate was 93.31%. About 93.10% of the respondents accepted allogeneic kidney transplantation, and 66.78% had heard of kidney xenotransplantation. Seven hundred and ninety-five respondents suggested that they could accept kidney xenotransplantation "when kidney xenotransplantation and allogeneic kidney transplantation yielded the same results and risks". Six hundred and ninety-eight respondents indicated that they were "unable" or "uncertain" whether they could accept kidney xenotransplantation (χ² =16.409, P=0.001). Among these 698 respondents, the proportion of them who were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation when they did not meet the conditions of allogeneic kidney transplantation was 10.9%. About 35.8% of respondents were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation if it yielded less risk and better prognosis compared with allogeneic kidney transplantation. If the time of awaiting kidney xenotransplantation was shorter than that of allogeneic kidney transplantation, 21.2% were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation. If the cost of kidney xenotransplantation was less than that of allogeneic kidney transplantation, 24.5% of them were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation. The main reasons of rejecting kidney xenotransplantation included surgical risk and other unknown risks. Multivariate analysis showed that respondents residing in cities and towns for a long period of time, those who accept allogeneic kidney transplantation and those who have heard of kidney xenotransplantation showed more positive attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation. Conclusions Different transplantation-related populations have different attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation, and the overall attitudes are positive. Active promotion of kidney xenotransplantation research and carrying out relevant popular science education contribute to improving public attitudes towards the acceptance of kidney xenotransplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of the nuclear estrogen receptor family, and they are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the human body and play important roles in cellular metabolism, inflammation, and cancer. At present, there are three known subtypes of PPAR, i.e., α, β/δ, and γ. Studies have shown that PPARs are highly expressed in the liver and are widely involved in various physiological and pathological activities such as liver energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and they are also closely associated with the progression of liver diseases. This article reviews the role of PPAR in common liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, cholestatic liver disease, liver fibrosis, and primary liver cancer, and the current status of their application in the treatment of liver diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The interaction between fine root distribution and soil environment of middle-aged Picea crassifolia forests was revealed, and the contribution factors of soil nutrients to fine root development under different mingling intensity were clarified in order to provide theoretical basis for the rehabilitation and management of natural forests in Qilian Mountains. Methods] The root samples were collected in F. crassi - folia middle-aged forests with different mingling intensities (0, 0.2, ().4, and ().6) by using soil coring method. The relations between root parameters (fine root biomass density, specific root length, specific root surface area, root surface area density and root length density) and soil properties (soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorous, available potassium and organic matter) were analyzed. [Results] The fine root biomass was concentrated in the upper 0一20 cm soil layer, and decreased with soil depth. Values of fine root biomass density, root length density, root surface area density, specific root length, and specific root surface area in the soil layer of ()--20 cm were significantly higher than those in 20一4() cm soil layer(p〈().()5). The fine root morphology indices of each soil layer of F. crassifolia forest were all peaked in the mingling of ().4. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in each soil layer decreased with the increase of soil depth, while they peaked at the mingling of ().4. Tn the soil layer of 0一4() cm, there were the positive correlations between indices of fine root biomass fine root biomass density, root length density, root surface area density, specific root length, and specific root surface area and soil properties such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, a 1 ka 1 i-hydro 1 yzab 1 e nitrogen, avaitable phosphorous, organic matter, available potassium. Conclusion] The change of fine root biomass density is mainly affected by the total nitrogen content, mixed F. crassifolia forest with mingling intensity of ().4 has remarkable fine root contribution and better soil fertility, which is more conducive to the development of community stability benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The community of Picea crassifolia planted in the Populus cathayana forest in Huangshatou, Guinan County at the eastern edge of the Gonghe Basin in Qinghai Province in 2019 was taken as the research object, and the non-replanted vegetation community was compared. The structure, community composition, species diversity, and environmental factors in the forest were compared and analyzed. This was undertaken 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years after afforestation in the dune land of the sandy land to analyze the short-term benefit for forest structure and species diversity from replanted in shelter forest in an alpine desert area. This study has also provided a theoretical basis for stability and sustainable development of the local shelter forest. The results have shown that the replanted forest biomass was significantly higher than the non-replanted forest, and that the 25-year-old Populus cathayana-Picea crassifolia mixed forest was the largest biomass. The Shannon-Wiener index for the shrub layer was the highest in the 20-year-old Populus cathayana-Picea crassifolia mixed forest (0.56), and the Simpson index was the highest in 15-year-old Populus cathayana- Picea crassifolia mixed forest (0.73). The Shannon-Wiener and Simpson index for the herb layer were the highest in the 25-year-old Populus cathayana-Picea crassifolia mixed forest (0.93, 0.53). After replanted, the humidity and soil moisture (10, 30 cm) in the forest were higher than those of the non-replanted forest (P>0.05). There were positive correlations between indices for species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, evenness index, Simpson index and average tree height, average diameter at breast height, canopy density, surface (10 cm), and deep (150, 200 cm) soil moisture content (P<0.05). In the future, Qinghai spruce can be replanted in the 25-year-old Populus cathayana forest during management of the protective forest with Populus cathayana as a pioneer tree. The sexual reproduction ability of native tree species can provide a stable reproductive strategy for positive succession of the vegetation community, which is conducive to sustainable and healthy development of the shelter forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon monoxide (CO) is the main component of vehicle exhaust in highway tunnels, which is one of the important parameters for the design of ventilation in road tunnels. It is very necessary to predict the CO concentration accurately and quickly to provide a reference for tunnel ventilation system control and mitigating the concentration of CO timely and to ensure the health and safety of the people in the tunnel. At the same time, it is beneficial to the green and energy-saving operation of the tunnel. Based on the field monitoring data of the road tunnel, random forest (RF) model of CO concentration prediction was established with the four influencing factors, i. e., monitor position, traffic, vehicle speed, wind speed. The model was employed to predict the concentration of CO in a 3 300-long road tunnel and the predictive values were compared with the real values. The results show that the CO concentration prediction model based on Random Forest has good prediction accuracy, which can predict the concentration of CO accurately. The RMSE and R 2 of the testing dataset is 0. 497 4 and 0. 943 7, respectively, which is significantly better than those of the linear regression model and support vector machine (SVM) model. The prediction model can be extended to predict the CO concentration of another tunnel. The RMSE and R 2 of the validation dataset is 0. 909 5 and 0. 729 5, respectively. That is, the CO concentration in the tunnel can be predicted under the condition of known monitor position, traffic, vehicle speed, wind speed. The model provides a reference for tunnel ventilation system control or safety warning. The position of monitor point has the greatest influence on the CO concentration in the tunnel, and the CO gas concentration is the highest at the exit of the tunnel. With the increase of wind speed, the concentration of CO gas in the tunnel gradually decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the impact of METTL3 on EMT and invasion ability in colorectal cancer cells. Methods: TGFβ was used to induce EMT in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Wound scratch assay and Transwell-matrigeal assay were used to evaluate the invasion ability of CRC cells. qPCR was used to measure the expression of target genes. SiRNAs were used to knockdown METTL3 in CRC cells. Results: The healing area in the TGFβ treated cells was larger than control cells P<0.0001, while TGFβ plus METTL3 knockdown groups cells showed smaller healing area than TGFβ treated cells P<0.0001 . Transwell-Matrigeal showed the penetrated cells in the TGFβ treated cells was more than control cells P<0.0001, while TGFβ plus METTL3 knockdown groups cells showed less penetrated cells than TGFβ treated cells P<0.0001 . TGFβ treatment induced EMT, while expression of snail1, ZEB1, VIM and MET- TL3 was up-regulated and CHD1 was down-regulated. TGFβ plus METTL3 knockdown groups cells showed less expression of snail1 and ZEB1 than TGFβ treated cells. Conclusions: METTL3 plays key role in the TGFβ induced EMT. Knockdown of METTL3 can impair TGFβs effect, which provides novel target for blocking metastasis in CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To explore the potential key genes and the gene expression characteristics of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) with metastasis at the transcriptome level, and establish a metastasis prediction gene model. Methods·The transcriptome data of MSI-H CRC patients was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The patients were divided into metastatic group (21 patients) and non-metastatic group (42 patients). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to annotate, and cluster DEGs and enrich the signaling pathways. STRING and Cytoscape were used to select the hub genes. Nomogram was drawn based on the selected DEGs. The cross validation of the model was performed by Bootstrap method. Survival analysis was done to explore the influences of each gene in the nomogram on progression-free survival (PFS) of MSI-H CRC. Results·A total of 245 DEGs were obtained from the metastatic group and non-metastatic group, among which 204 genes were up-regulated and 41 genes were down-regulated. GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly clustered in ion transmembrane transport, chloride transmembrane transport and chloride channel activity in terms of biological process and molecular function. In terms of cellular component, DEGs were mainly clustered in extracellular region and extracellular space. GSEA showed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and metabolic pathways were enriched in the up-regulated genes. The top 10 hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network of the up-regulated genes were screened by Cytoscape. The metastasis prediction gene model, which was set up based on the top 10 DEGs with the lowest adjusted P value and high physiological relevance to tumor, had certain predictive efficiency [area under curve (AUC)=0.975 for training, AUC=0.920 for validation]. The expression levels of AC078993.1 and IGLJ2 (immunoglobulin lambda joining 2) were significantly negatively correlated with PFS of MSI-H CRC (P=0.011, P=0.005). Conclusion·The changes in ion channels and extracellular environment may have important impacts on metastasis of MSI-H CRC. Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and metabolic pathways may be two important signaling pathways for metastasis of MSI-H CRC. A metastasis prediction gene model is established, which can provide reference for the follow-up related clinical researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CFOSAT (Chinese-French Oceanography Satellite) equipped with the high-performance wave spectrometer SWIM has obtained continuous and extensive wave data. While CFOSAT wave data have undergone numerous validations and calibrations globally, most comparisons have been made with buoy data. There is a lack of contrast with existing mature datasets when applying satellite data to the study of wave field characteristics. By focusing on the China's adjacent seas, comparing the significant wave heights (SWH) between CFOSAT and ERAS data and analyzing their differences. The results show that the CFOSAT data and ERAS data exhibit similar performance and high correlation in wave field observations; The difference in SWH between them shows seasonal variation characteristics, with a greater degree of dispersion in the autumn and winter seasons and a more stable in the spring and summer seasons; With the increase of wave height, the bias between CFOSAT and ERAS data significantly increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the interaction of long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) -miR137-ATG5 and explore the relationship between its function of autophagy mediating and 5-FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Method: The relative expressions of XIST and miR-137 in colorectal cancer cell lines were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The lipofection assay was utilized in XIST and miR-137 transfection experiments. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability and the 5-FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, luciferase reporter system was used to determine binding ability between miR-137 and XIST or ATG5. Additionally, indicating protein expressions were determined by western blotting. Results: We found that XIST expression was increased in CRC cells comparing to normal colon cell FHC, which showed a negative correlation with miR-137 expression. In addition, XIST knockdown noticeably inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells and enhanced 5-FU sensitivity. It revealed that XIST knockdown suppressed the expression of Beclin-1 and ratio of LC3II/I. miR-137 was validated to target XIST and 3'UTR of ATG5, playing an important role in restraining the expression and function of XIST and ATG5 . Inhibition of miR-137 or overexpression of ATG5 could effectively reverse elevated 5-FU sensitivity upon XIST knockdown in SW480. Conclusion: It is suggested that LncRNA XIST could target miR-137 promoting autophagy to facilitate 5-FU chemoresistance in CRC and XIST-miR137-ATG5 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with colorectal cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To investigate the interaction of long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) -miR137-ATG5 and explore the relationship between its function of autophagy mediating and 5-FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Methods:The relative expressions of XIST and miR-137 in colorectal cancer cell lines were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The lipofection assay was utilized in XIST and miR-137 transfection experiments. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability and the 5-FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, luciferase reporter system was used to determine binding ability between miR-137 and XIST or ATG5. Additionally, indicating protein expressions were determined by western blotting. Results:We found that XIST expression was increased in CRC cells comparing to normal colon cell FHC, which showed a negative correlation with miR-137 expression. In addition, XIST knockdown noticeably inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells and enhanced 5-FU sensitivity. It revealed that XIST knockdown suppressed the expression of Beclin-1 and ratio of LC3II/I. miR-137 was validated to target XIST and 3'UTR of ATG5, playing an important role in restraining the expression and function of XIST and ATG5 . Inhibition of miR-137 or overexpression of ATG5 could effectively reverse elevated 5-FU sensitivity upon XIST knockdown in SW480. Conclusions:It is suggested that LncRNA XIST could target miR-137 promoting autophagy to facilitate 5-FU chemoresistance in CRC and XIST-miR137-ATG5 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with colorectal cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatic macrophages and hepatic progenitor cells play an important role in the development and repair of liver fibrosis. The polarized state of macrophages can affect the differentiation orientation of hepatic progenitor cells,and the Wnt signaling pathway may play a key role in the crosstalk between hepatic macrophages and hepatic progenitor cells. This article overviews the role of macrophages and hepatic progenitor cells and the mechanism of the crosstalk between them in the pathological state of liver fibrosis. It is pointed out that in-depth studies are needed to investigate the genome and phenotype of hepatic macrophages and clarify the mechanism of action of macrophages in regulating the differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells,in order to provide a basis for the treatment of liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective • To investigate the expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, i.e MLHl (mutL homolog 1), MSH2 (mutS homolog 2), MSH6 (mutS homolog 6) and PMS2 (postmeiotic segregation increased 2) in sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC) and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods • Cancer tissue samples of the SCRC patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 2014 to August 2018 wer> collected. MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and p53 proteins in colorectal cancer tissue samples from 209 patients who met the criteria were detected by immunohistochemistry, and 67 samples were detected by real-time PCR for KRAS oncogene mutation. Results • In 209 cases of cancer tissues, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 deficiency rates were 17.2% (36/209), 2.4% (5/209), 12.9% (27/209), and 16.7% (35/209), respectively. The total deficiency rate of MMR system proteins was 30.1% (63/209), which was higher in the patients under 55 years old, with tumor at the right colon, with tumor bigger than 6 cm or with mucinous adenocarcinoma (all P<0.05). MLH1 deficiency rate of the patients with p53 mutation was significantly higher than that of unmutated patients (P=0.012); MLH1 deficiency rate of the patients with KRAS mutation was significantly lower than that of unmutant patients (P=0.044). There was no significant difference in the positive expression rates of MLH1 and PMS2 in these SCRC patients (P=\ .000). Conclusion • MMR systemic protein deletion may be associated with patient age, tumor location, tumor size, and histopathological typing; MLH1 protein deletion may be associated with mutations of p53 and KRAS genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the exact role of Notch signaling pathway in the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) by glucocorticoids(GCs). Methods MSCs were cultured. GCs were added to the medium. Cell apoptosis was determined using multi-mode microplate reader by 530 nm. The mRNA expression of Hes1 and osteoblastic markers(ALP, Collagen 1) was determined by real-time PCR. The protein of Hes1 and osteoblastic markers(ALP, Collagen 1) was determined by Western blot. The mineralization was detected by Alizarin red staining. Results After GCs treatment, the number of apoptotic cells was increased [(80±5.789)vs Control(60±7.132), P<0.05]. The mRNA and protein of osteogenic markers ALP and Collagen 1 was decreased compared with the control(P<0.05). The Alizarin staining density was decreased compared with the control(P<0.05). The expression of Notch target gene Hes1 was decreased significantly compared with the control(P<0.05) and the expression of Notch signaling pathway was decreased by GCs significantly. After activation of Notch signaling, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased to 72±2.169(compared with the GCs group, P<0.05). The mRNA and protein of osteogenic markers ALP and Collagen 1 was increased compared with the GCs group(P<0.05). The Alizarin staining density was increased in GCs+JAG1 group compared with the GCs group(P<0.05). Conclusion GCs demolish osteogenic differentiation of MSCs via Notch signaling pathway inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver fibrosis is a dynamic pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) or hyperplasia of scar tissue. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is generally considered the central link in the formation of liver fibrosis. HSC activation is regulated by various factors in liver microenvironment, including physical and chemical stimulations and intercellular interactions. Intrinsic cells and immune cells in the liver and HSCs together establish a complex regulatory system to regulate HSC activation and regression. This article introduces the regulatory effect of the cells in liver microenvironment on HSC activation, in order to expand thinking for the research on new diagnosis and treatment methods for liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To experimentally evaluate the composite effect on the cyclic performance of weak-axis column bending connections, ten cruciform joint specimens were tested under reversal of loads, including five bare steel joint (SJ) specimens and five steel-concrete composite joint (CJ) specimens reinforced with partial shear connection. The form of beam-end was designed with standard, reduced, plate covered, widened flange, and welded haunch, respectively. The experimental phenomenon, failure mode, hysteretic curves, strain and stress distribution of steel beam and energy dissipation capacity of each specimen were analyzed and discussed. The results show that beam bottom flange welds of CJ crack in different degrees except the haunch specimen, while the beam top flange welds and web bolts could continue to bear large loads. However, beam top and bottom flange welds of SJ crack, resulting in the abrupt strength degradation. The hysteretic curves of SJ are plumper than that of CJ, since the shape of hysteretic curves of CJ gradually becomes anti S due to the influence of web bolts slippage. The neutral axis of CJ cross-section exhibits a significant upward shift under positive bending, thus developing a larger strain in the bottom flange than that of SJ. The plastic hinge can effectively move away from the column-to-beam connection in the reduced specimens, which have the most stable and reliable cyclic response, thus this joint form is recommended first. The welding quality is the key factor which could influence the hysteretic behavior of joints, and lamellar tearing resistant steel is suggested to be used in skin plates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the impact of returning corn straw to the field on soil organic carbon composition and yield in semi-arid areas, the long-term positioning experimental field of straw at Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences was used as the research object to analyze the content of soil particulate organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon and corn yield under three treatments: CK (conventional planting), FM (straw burying and returning) and FG (straw covering and returning). The results showed that clay particles (< 0.053 µm) had the highest organic carbon content in each soil layer under different treatments. The average organic carbon content of sand particles (>0.250 µm) and clay particles (<0.053 µm) in the four soil layers treated with FM by 21.78% and 20.51%, and FG increased by 25.87% and 13.52%, respectively. FM treatment had the highest content of water-soluble organic carbon in each soil layer, with FM>FG>CK in the order of 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers.FM treatment increased by 22.73% and 2.48% compared to CK, while FG treatment increased by 38.25% and 26.32% compared to CK, respectively. In the soil layers of 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm, the content of water-soluble organic carbon in the soil was in the order of FM>CK>FG, with FG decreasing by 14.55% and 9.41%, while FM treatment increased by 10.68% and 17.85%. There was no significant difference in spike length, spike diameter and spike row number among different treatments. The order of grain number per spike was FM>FG>CK, and the order of grain water content was FG>CK>FM. The yield order was FM>FG>CK, with FM and FG treatments increasing production by 5.20% and 3.20%, respectively, compared to CK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new box strengthened joint region connection for weak axis of I-section column which is suitable for the connection of I-section column and H-shaped beam and belongs to the post-Northridge connections was put forward. To study the mechanical property and failure mechanism of the connection，four types of full scale frame joint specimens of that connection were designed with standard beam end，plate covered beam end，weakened section of beam end and welded haunch, respectively. Through a monotonic loading experiment, the failure mode and the location of plastic hinge of the four specimens as well as the stress distribution of the plate composed of joint regions were obtained. The test and analysis results show that the plastic hinge appears in the beam which is away from the joints，while the joint region and I-section column still remain elastic state when the four specimens fail ； the stress of the joint region plates is small ； the rotation ductility coefficient of each specimen is greater than 4 ； the maximum plastic rotation is bigger than 0. 030 rad. The box strengthened joint region connection for weak axis of I-section column has high ductility and strong rotation capacity and can satisfy the seismic design principles of ' strong column and weak beam，，' strong joint and weak member' and ' strong joint region'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in cancer pain standardized ward for relieving pain and improving the living quality in the patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 120 cases of breast cancer in our hospital from July 2014 to June 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group according to the random number table method, 60 cases in each group. The observation group was implemented the comprehensive nursing intervention of standardized cancer pain ward, while the control group received the routine nursing care. The pain numerical rating scale (NRS) and SF-36 quality of life scale were adopted to perform the intervention measurement in the two groups before and after study. Results The pain improvement degree and living quality score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive nursing intervention can alleviate the pain degree of breast cancer patients, improves their quality of life and is worth promotion and application in clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the test making load rejection into plant power under 50% FP and 100% FP, analyzes the problems occurring in the test, and proposes relevant countermeasures. Meantime, the paper analyzes the response of the main parameters during load rejection test, which provides reference for the control of nuclear power units of the same type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical effects of clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin in treatment of endocrine dysfunctional infertility. METHODS: 60 patients with endocrine dysfunctional infertility admitted into Yingtan People’s Hospital from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015 were selected to be divided into observation group and control group via the random number table, with 30 cases in each. The control group were treated with estrogen and progesterone, while the observation group received clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. The treatment effects of two groups were compared. RESULTS: After treatment, the serum luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone of two groups increased significantly, and the increase range of observation group was larger, with statistical significance (P < 0. 05). After treatment of three cycles, the ovulation rate, pregnancy rate of observation group were respectively 90. 00% (27/30) and 63. 33% (19/30), significantly higher than those of control group [66. 67%(20/30) and 36. 67%( 11/30) ], with statistical significance (P < 0. 05). The total effective rate of observation group was 93. 33% (28/30), significantly higher than that of control group [70. 00% (21/30) ], with statistical significance (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Clomiphene citrate,human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin in treatment of endocrine dysfunctional infertility can effectively improve the level of sex hormone, improve ovulation rate and pregnancy rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the interventional effect of cultured mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis on a mouse model of CCl4 - induced liver fibrosis and its effect on the Toll -like receptor 4 ( TLR4 )/ nuclear transcription factor - κB (NF - κB) pathway and angiopoietin -like protein 4 ( ANGPTL4 ) . Methods A total of 60 specific pathogen - free male C57/ BL6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Fuzheng Huayu group, and low -, middle -, and high - dose Cordyceps sinensis groups, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in the model group and each medication group were intraperitoneally injected with 15 % CCl4 - olive oil for 6 weeks of modeling, and drug intervention was started on the first day of week 4 and lasted for 3 consecutive weeks. Blood biochemistry was used to measure the serum level or activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBil); HE and SR staining was used to observe liver histopathology; alkaline hydrolysis was used to measure the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) in liver tissue; PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I (Col-I), immunohistochemistry was used to measure the protein expression of α -SMA, Col I, and ANGPTIA in liver tissue, and Western blot (WB) was used to measure the protein expression of α -SMA, ANGPTL4, TLR4, NF-κB/phosphorylated NF-κB (P-NF-κB), and CD163. A one-way-analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the LSD-t test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in the serum levels of ALT, AST, way a and TBil (all P <0.01), and compared with the model group, the high-dose Cordyceps sinensis group had a significant improvement in the degree of liver fibrosis and significant reductions in the serum levels of ALT, AST, and TBil (all P <0.05). HE staining revealed that the high-dose Cordyceps sinensis group had a significant reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissue, and SR staining showed that high-dose Cordyceps sinensis significantly alleviated collagen deposition in the liver tissue. Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in HYP content and Sirius red - positive area ratio in liver tissue (both P <0.01), and compared with the model group, the high-dose Cordyceps sinensis group had significant reductions in HYP content and Sirius red - positive area ratio (both P<0.05). Compared with the normal group based on the results of immunohistochemistry, PCR, and WB, the model had significant group increases in the mRNA and protein expression levels of a -SMA and Col-I in liver tissue (all P <0.01), and compared with the model group, the high-dose Cordyceps sinensis group had significant reductions in the expression levels of a SMA and Col-I (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in the protein expression of ANGPTL4, TLR4, P-NF-κB/NF κB, and CD163 in liver tissue (all P <0.01), and compared with the model group, the high-dose Cordyceps sinensis group had significant re ductions in the protein expression of ANGPTL4, TLR4, P-NF-κB/NF-κB, and CD163 in liver tissue (all P <0.05). Conclusion Cordyceps sinensis mycelia have a marked therapeutic effect on CCI,-induced liver fibrosis in mice, possibly by regulating the TLR4/NF [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Solve the problems of existing conventional drainage aid are easy to be adsorbed by reservoir and difficult to act on deep reservoir pores, and the existing nano-drainage aid emulsion has a large particle size and difficult to enter tight pore reservoir. Methods A new nano-scale drainage aid was successfully prepared by phase inversion composition(PIC) method. The emulsion has a smaller particle size, lower surface tension and outstanding anti-formation adsorption property. Results The experimental results show that the particle size of the nano-emulsion is less than 100 nm and remained stable for a long time. When using nano-emulsion as surfactant carrier, the surface tension is 44. 198 mN/m and the contact angle is 93. 08° after adsorption. While using the non-emulsion drainage aid with the same formula, the surface tension is 48. 123 mN/m and the contact angle is 91. 24° after adsorption. The calculated capillary resistance is negative, which is represented by the repulsive force of pores on the liquid. The repulsive force of nano-emulsion is 2. 28 times that of non-emulsion. Conclusions The residual surfactant content in the nano-emulsion is higher, which is more conducive to resist the adsorption of the reservoir, act on the deeper pores of the reservoir, and is more conducive to the drainage of the pores, which effectively solves the problem of short distance of conventional drainage aid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective · To investigate the effect of V-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1(VTCN1) on long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs and mRNAs expression in colon cancer cells. Methods · VTCN1 was overexpressed by lentivirus plasmid in colon cancer cell line SW1116. RNA was extracted and sequenced. The differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were compared with the negative control group. The accuracy of RNA sequencing was verified by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) using three differentially expressed lncRNAs and two mRNAs. BLAST2 GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) were used to analyze and predict the functions of these differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. The online platform GEPIA18(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) was used to analyze the correlation between differentially expressed lncRNAs and survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Results · A total of 167 differential genes, i.e., 39 lncRNAs and 128 mRNAs, were identified by RNA sequencing in VTCN1 overexpressed SW1116 cells. The results of qRT-PCR were consistent with those of RNA sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these different genes regulated by VTCN1 may be involved in endoplasmic reticulum protein processing and RNA monitoring signaling pathways. In addition, three lncRNAs(DNA JC9-AS1, HCG27, and RP11-339 B21.13), which were significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer cells overexpressing VTCN1, were also independent predictors of overall survival of colorectal cancer patients. Conclusion · In colon cancer cells, VTCN1 regulates several downstream lncRNAs and mRNAs, which may be involved in endoplasmic reticulum protein processing and mRNA monitoring signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of corn and soybean meal with diffrent particle size on feed quality, energy metabolism and growth performance of broilers at different days of age. 288 broilers at 11-day-old and 192 broilers at 24-day-old were divided into six groups per day. The first three groups were used for corn particle size test, and the last three groups were used for soybean meal test. Each group had 8 replicates, and each replicate had four (24-day-old) or six (11-day-old) per replicate. The experimental diets were divided into corn and soybean meal groups. Corn in the corn group was crushed through 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm grinding sieve, and other large feed materials were crushed through 2 mm grinding sieve, which was the same in the soybean meal group. The experiment lasted for six days (three days in pre and three days in post-tial). The results showed as follows: ① the logarithmic geometric mean particle size of corn and soybean meal increased with increasing sieve size; the logarithmic geometric mean particle size of soybean meal was larger than that of corn under the same pulverized sieve. There was a linear relationship between the geometric mean particle size of corn and the screen aperture: y=90x+359.33 (P<0.001, R²=0.983), and there was a linear relationship between the geometric mean particle size of soybean meal and the screen aperture: y=110x+359.00 (P<0.001, R²=0.990); the hardness of pelleted feed was significantly reduced with the increase of particle size (P<0.05). ② Different grinding sizes of corn and soybean meal had no significant effect on energy metabolism of broilers at the metabolizable energy level. ③ From day 11 to 16, the FI under 3 mm grinding sieve in soybean meal group was significantly higher than that under 1 mm grinding sieve (P<0.05), and FCR was the lowest of 3 mm grinding sieve in corn and soybean meal groups. From day 24 to 29, FI, ADG, FCR were not affected by grinding sieve. As a conclusion, the particle size has a significant effect on the feed quality, the effect of particle size on growth performance of broilers from day 11 to 16 was more significant than that of broilers from day 24 to 29. It is recommended that the particle size is 3 mm, and logarithmic geometric mean particle size of corn and soybean meal is 638, 681 μm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreatic fibrosis is the main irreversible pathological change during the progression of chronic pancreatitis，and at present，there is still a lack of effective drugs for the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis in clinical practice. This article summarizes the application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis in recent years from the aspects of clinical strategies and research advances. The TCM syndrome differentiation of pancreatic fibrosis involves the liver， gallbladder， spleen， and stomach， and pathological factors are associated with fire， blood stasis， and phlegm dampness. The research on the anti－pancreatic fibrosis effect of TCM extracts mainly involves spleen－strengthening， dampness－resolving，and blood stasis－resolving drugs，and intervention against the activation of pancreatic stellate cells is the main signaling pathway involved in the mechanism of TCM prescriptions in the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis. The above studies provide a reference for in－depth research on the application of TCM in the prevention and intervention of pancreatic fibrosis and the prevention and treatment of related complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the influence mechanism of transient flow pressure fluctuation in the pipeline system with a mixed connection of elastic pipe and viscoelastic pipe in series, a transient flow test rig of elastic / viscoelastic series mixed pipe system was designed and constructed, including galvanized steel pipe system, galvanized steel / polypropylene pipe mixed pipe system, and galvanized steel / polyethylene pipe mixed pipe system. The transient flow experiments were carried out on three kinds of pipeline systems at different initial flow conditions. Based on the experimental data, the parameters of the transient flow model of viscoelastic pipes combined with onedimensional quasi-steady friction model are calibrated, and a method of calibrating transient flow parameters in mixed pipelines was proposed. The results show that replacing part of elastic pipe with viscoelastic pipe can reduce the peak value of transient pressure fluctuation, and the steel tube / PPR mixed pipe has a greater decline than the steel tube / HDPE mixed pipe. In addition, the one-dimensional quasi-steady friction model can simulate accurately the pressure fluctuation of mixed pipes. The method proposed in this paper can be used to calibrate the transient flow parameters of the mixed pipes easily and accurately, which provides a certain reference for the numerical calculation of transient flow in the mixed pipeline in engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a major complication of liver cirrhosis. In recent years, with the development of biotechnology, such as high-throughput sequencing and intestinal metagenomics, the role of intestinal flora in liver diseases has been taken more and more seriously. Bacterial translocation, especially the translocation of Gram-negative enteric bacilli, is involved in the development and progression of SBP. This article briefly describes the factors related to the development and progression of SBP and the important role of intestinal flora in SBP. The improvement in biotechnology clarifies the role of intestinal flora in diseases, and restoration of balanced intestinal flora may become a new method for the prevention and treatment of SBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的探讨异氟醚后处理对缺血缺氧性脑损伤大鼠的保护作用及机制。方法选取7日龄新生SD大鼠100只,随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、缺血缺氧组(HI组)、1.5%异氟醚后处理组(Iso组)、1.5%异氟醚后处理+激动剂组(Iso+AMPA组)、1.5%异氟醚后处理+抑制剂组(Iso+CNQX组),每组20只。除Sham组大鼠仅找到左侧颈总动脉不结扎,其余各组大鼠均双重结扎左侧颈总动脉,后放回母鼠身边喂哺2 h,再以8%O2+92%N2的湿化混合气体以2 L/min流量低氧处理2 h,制备HIBD模型。模型制备成功后,Iso组、Iso+AMPA组、Iso+CNQX组均即刻吸入1.5%异氟醚30 min,以30%O2+70%N2湿化混合气体输送,流量2 L/min,其余各组仅吸入30%O2+70%N2湿化混合气体,流量2 L/min处理30 min。大鼠苏醒后,30 min内完成侧脑室注射:Sham组、HI组、Iso组左侧脑室注射生理盐水5μL,Iso+AMPA组左侧脑室注射AMPA 5μL,浓度为50μg/m L,Iso+CNQX组左侧脑室注射CNQX 5μL,浓度为50μg/m L。手术后7 d,测定大鼠体质量,测定左/右大脑半球质量并计算质量比,切片HE染色计数左、右侧大脑海马CA1区正常神经元并计算密度比。结果各组大鼠体质量比较无统计学差异(P均>0.05),与Sham组比较,各组大鼠左/右大脑半球质量比均下降(P均<0.05),左/右侧海马CA1区正常神经元密度比下降(P均<0.05), 与HI组比较,Iso组、Iso+CNQX组大鼠左/右大脑半球质量比及左/右侧海马CA1区正常神经元密度比明显升高(P均<0.05),而Iso+AMPA组大鼠左/右大脑半球质量比及左/右侧海马CA1区正常神经元密度比却无明显变化(P均>0.05)。相较Iso组,Iso+CNQX组大鼠左/右大脑半球质量比及左/右侧海马CA1区正常神经元密度比无明显变化(P均>0.05),而Iso+AMPA组大鼠左/右大脑半球质量比及左/右侧海马CA1区正常神经元密度比明显降低(P均<0.05)。结论异氟醚后处理对新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制AMPA受体过度活化有关。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体( AMPAR)为离子型谷氨酸受体,介导大多数中枢神经元兴奋性突触传递,在中枢神经系统疾病的发病过程中起重要作用。缺血缺氧性脑病发生时,AMPAR过度激活可以产生兴奋毒性,细胞内Ca2+超载,造成神经细胞死亡,而AMPAR拮抗剂可以减轻脑组织损伤。癫痫状态下,AMPAR过度激活使突触自发兴奋性突触后电流与微小兴奋性突触后电流均增强,检测细胞膜上AMPAR的GluR2亚单位数量减少。阿尔茨海默病主要临床表现为认知功能下降,AMPAR参与的突触可塑性是学习和记忆的生理基础,AM-PAR的异常可影响突触可塑性的发生,引起认知功能障碍。抑郁症时中枢神经系统兴奋递质减少,AMPAR激动剂可以表现抗抑郁作用,缓解抑郁症的情绪反应。帕金森病左旋多巴的长期波动性刺激会改变AMPAR的特性,易化AMPAR的突触传递产生长时程突触增强。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical simulation of transient flow is very important for the safe operation of long-distance water transmission pipelines in road utility tunnels. Recently, with the rapid development of polymer material technology, viscoelastic pipes, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), have been widely used in road utility pipelines systems. Different from the mechanical characteristics of elastic pipeline, viscoelastic pipes have both elastic and viscous mechanical behaviors, which makes calibration of constitutive parameters particularly important in the numerical simulation of hydraulic transient process of viscoelastic pipes. Therefore, based on the transient flow model of viscoelastic pipe (using the Kelvin-Voigt model combined with the one-dimensional quasi-steady -state friction model), this paper establishes a calibration model of viscoelastic pipe in urban road utility tunnels, and uses the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) algorithm to solve it. Numerical results show that this calibration model is capable of identifying the constitutive parameters quickly and accurately at different water temperatures. It can provide theoretical support for the calibration of constitutive parameters in long-distance water transmission pipelines in road utility tunnels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The differences in the species richness among different biological taxonomic groups often vary greatly, which is a phenomenon commonly observed in ecological and biological studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of this pattern are still in hot debate. From the perspective of macroevolution, time-for speciation hypothesis and diversification rate hypothesis are two popular hypotheses. Time-for speciation hypothesis suggesting that the time-for-speciation is the primary driver of diversity variation among groups by species accumulation along time, while diversification rate hypothesis suggesting that the groups with high species number resulted from their high net diversification rates. To test these two hypotheses, we studied species variation among 15 families of order Saxifragales based on a fossil-calibrated phylogenetic tree containing 1 539 species. We obtained the rates of speciation and extinction of 15 families and calculated the average diversification rate of each family through macroevolutionary analysis. The results are as follows:(1)The species diversification rate of order Saxifragales shows an increasing trend, and the increase of diversification rate mainly occurred in temperate and alpine groups, such as Grossulariaceae, Crassulaceae and Paeoniaceae.(2)The results of phylogenetic generalized least squares(PGLS)and linear regression model(LM)show that the species richness of the 15 families is not significantly correlated with the age of family differentiation or the age of the most recent common ancestor, but it is positively correlated with the net diversification rate(R2=0.380, P<0.05). These results support the diversification rate hypothesis, suggesting that the diversification rate is a primary evolutionary driver of the variation of species richness among families of order Saxifragales. Global cooling may provide opportunities for the expansion of distribution and rapid species diversification of herbaceous, deciduous trees and shrubs those can adapt to cold conditions. The study show that in temperate and alpine spreading groups, the net diversification rate may be the main reason for the differences in species numbers of different taxonomic groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis is a bone disease with decreased bone mineral density, destruction of bone microstructure and increased risk of fracture due to age factors, and decreased estrogen level and hormone medication. The mechanism of osteoporosis is the inhibition of osteogenesis and the promotion of osteoclastogenesis caused by cellular aging and glucocorticoid treatment. However, the research on its specific mechanism is still insufficient. More and more high-throughout sequencing result show that circular RNAs have differential expression profiles in many types of osteoporosis, and some circular RNAs may regulate the formation and function of intraosseous stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. This article reviews the research progress of circular RNA in three types of osteoporosis and its potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

木质素;解聚;Ni基催化剂;均相催化剂;芳香化合物The depolymerization of lignin over different acid/base homogeneous catalysts and Ni/C was studied.The effects of Lewis acid and base on the influence of lignin conversion and aromatics yield were investigated.The result showed that the yield of aromatics from lignin was higher when NaOH and Ni/MLG（nickel/multilayer graphite） as catalysts than others.Moreover, the yield of phenols and guaiacols increased when Lewis acid and Ni/MLG as catalysts.And the yield of phenyl alcohols and arenes increased when alkali and Ni/MLG as catalysts.This article will provide a reference for the research of high-value utilization of lignin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzheng Huayu prescription is developed by Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, nourishing essence, and tonifying the liver, and it is an effective empirical prescription for the treatment of chronic liver diseases including chronic viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. This prescription has been used in clinical practice for many years and has a marked clinical effect in alleviating clinical symptoms and improving liver fibrosis and complications. In recent years, many scholars have conducted in - depth studies on the clinical effect and mechanism of action of Fuzheng Huayu prescription in the treatment of chronic liver diseases and achieved satisfactory results. This article summarizes related research findings in order to provide a reference for subsequent studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral nail antirotation is a commonly used internal fixation system for the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. Simultaneously, the elderly are often associated with knee osteoarthritis, which may affect the postoperative effect of femoral intertrochanteric fracture. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of knee osteoarthritis at the fracture side on the efficacy of postopenxtine proximal femoral nail antirotation in elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Totally 92 patients aged over 65 years old with femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation internal fixation were divided into five groups according to the preoperative knee X-ray Kellgren-Lawrence grade: grade 0 as group A (13 cases), grade I as group B (18 cases), grade II as group C (23 cases), grade III as group D (22 cases), and grade IV as group E (16 cases). The hospitalization time, postoperative complications, postoperative landing time, fracture healing time, hip Harris score and Barthel index score of daily living ability at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were recorded in the five groups. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay among the five groups (P > 0.05). (2) The postoperative landing time and fracture healing time of group D and group C were longer than those in group A, group B, and group C (P < 0.05). (3) The number of postoperative complications of group C was more than those in group A and group B (P < 0.05). The number of postoperative complications of group D and group E was more than that in group A, group B and group C (P < 0.05). (4) The scores of Harris and Barthel index of group C and D were lower than those in group A and B at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). The scores of Harris and Barthel index of group E was lower than those in group A, group B, group C and group D at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). (5) The results showed that the higher the grade of knee osteoarthritis, the greater the influence on the postoperative efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture. It is manifested by increased postoperative complications, prolonged postoperative landing time and fracture healing time, and the decrease of hip function and ability of daily living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This paper aimed to explore the correlation between methane emission difference and root characteristics among different rice varieties. [Method] The six rice varieties from early to late rice were used for water culture experiment to observe the methane emission rate and root characteristics at different stages, and the correlation analysis was also made. [Result]There was significant difrence in methane emission rate among different early and late rice varieties. The highest methane emission rate was in Luliangyou 996, and the lowest was mid-early 39 in the whole growing stage, with a difference of 0.186 mmol·m-2s-1;The highest methane emission rate of late rice variety was Yuzhenxiang, and the lowest was Y Liangyou 1, with a difference of 0.282 mmol·m-2 s-1. There was a significant positive correlation between root oxidation capacity, root porosity and methane emission in early and late rice（P <0.05）, and a very significant negative correlation between methane emission rate and active absorption area and total root absorption area in early rice（P <0.01）. There was a very significant positive correlation between methane emission rate and active root absorption area and total root absorption area in late rice（P<0.01）. [Conclusion] The results showed that the root activity and root porosity were the key factors affecting the methane emission of rice. Among them, conventional early rice varieties and hybrid late rice varieties showed low emission characteristics, which provided a choice for planting rice varieties with low methane emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the situation that control the speed of preparing membrane ball needs a high requirement on gas volume in pigging pre-film operation which cannot adapt to most pipelines, a calculation method of membrane ball’s velocity has been derived on the base of film forming time of corrosion inhibitor in high-sulfur system by electrochemical method. The calculation method is applied in the field, and the monitoring results of remained concentration of corrosion inhibitor and corrosion coupon show that pre-filming has a good effect after adopting optimized controlling velocity of pigging pre-film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the inhibitory mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA)on abnor-mal proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. Methods Co-cultured model in vitro was established, with supernatant fraction of LS180 human colon adenocarcinoma cells tumor cells and ECV304 human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Then mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and VEGF receptors (KDR), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)and bFGF receptors(bFGFR), proteoglycan related to cell proliferation (HSPG2), p53 and c-myc were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR;protein expressions of VEFG, KDR, bFGF and bFGFR in supernatant fraction were measured by ELISA. Results In the cell co-cultured model, the HSYA concentration of 0. 66 and 0. 33 mg/L inhibited mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF, KDR, bFGF and bFGFR , inhibited mR-NA expressions of c-myc and HSPG2, while upregulated p53 mRNA expression. Conclusion HSYA inhibited angiogenesis and abnormal proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in co-cultured model by regu-lating expressions of VEGF, VEGFR, bFGF, bFGFR, HSPG2, c-myc, wild type p53. HSYA may be a potential tumor angiogenesis inhibitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a clean sustainable substitute for fossil fuel, bio-oil has properties of acidity and instability, which affected its large scale application. Based on its high acid, ketone, aldehyde and phenol content, three processes for the bio oil upgrading were investigated: Separated esterification and hydrogenation (SHE), one step esterification-hydrogenation (OEH), and one step esterification-hydrogenation plus second hydrogenation process (OEH plus). The studies were conducted over Mo modified Raney Ni catalyst (Mo-RN) and Ru/C catalyst with the light fraction of sawdust fast pyrolysis oil as feedstock. The catalysts reuse performance and the reaction pathways of the typical components during the bio-oil upgrading process were also studied. For the SEH process, esterification reaction was conducted without catalysts, and the hydrogenation reaction of the produced esterification bio-oil were carried out over Mo-RN and Ru/C respectively. For the OEH process, methanol and the raw bio-oil were reacted over Mo-RN and Ru/C directly. Based on OEH-Ni, second hydrogenation over Ru/C catalyst under mild condition (120℃) was conducted after the OEH-Ni process. Over all, the oil properties were improved significantly through the different upgrading process. Through the separate esterification process, oil acidity decreased substantially, showing the acid content decreased from 39.41% of the raw oil to 12.40% of the ES-oil. Accordingly, the total acid value decreased from 55.76 to 16.11 mg/g. In the following hydrogenation process, esters converted to corresponding alcohols under H2 atmosphere over Mo-RN and Ru/C catalyst, resulted in an alcohol content of 56.61% and 43.06%, respectively. Mo-RN showed better catalytic performance on the hydrogenation of phenol and ketone compounds. In the one step hydrogenation reaction process, Ru/C showed better performance for acid and ester converting to corresponding alcohols, showing the acid and ester content of 8.12% and 8.01% for OEH-Ru and 11.43% and 17.15% for OEH-Ni process. Mo-RN better improved the ketone and phenol conversion, showing the content of 1.56% and 6.60%. Through the OEH process, saturated alcohol & ester content increased from 9.99% in the raw oil to 58.31% and 71.95% for Ru/C and Mo-RN, respectively. For the one step hydrogenation over Mo-RN catalyst along with its following second hydrogenation process, acid, phenol and ester in OEH-Ni oil got more thoroughly conversion to alcohol compounds, leading to obtaining an OEH plus upgraded oil of 84.20% saturated alcohol and ester content. Meanwhile, through the second hydrogenation, oil properties showed great improvement for the total acid value decreasing from 111.52 to 11.75 mg/g and pH value from 3.67 increased to 5.88. Besides, even in the second use of Mo-RN and Ru/C catalyst, no significant deactivation was observed. The saturated alcohol and ester content was still kept at 68.37% and 75.84% degree for the OEH -Ni* and OEH plus process, respectively. Through esterification hydrogenation process, oil properties showed great improvement in the acidity and stability. This esterification hydrogenation method is proved to be a promising routine for efficient upgrading bio-oil to oxygenated fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的总结1例以高钙危象为首发表现的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤的诊断及治疗经验。方法对1例高钙危象为首发表现的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤患者的临床资料进行分析。结果患者50岁,因双膝关节疼痛、乏力1个月,伴间断恶心、呕吐20 d,持续性高血钙原因待查入院。入院时查血钙4.63 mmol/L,予对症治疗后出现高钙危象,予大剂量补液、利尿、降钙素及双磷双盐、连续肾脏替代治疗等降钙措施后,血钙降至2.54 mmol/L。后连续监测血钙,患者血钙波动于1.75~2.00 mmol/L,甲状腺彩超示双侧腋下多发低回声结节,胸部CT示右肺上叶结节样高密度影,两腋窝及纵隔多发结节灶。行右腋窝肿物切除术,术后淋巴结病理诊断为(右腋窝)淋巴结非霍奇金弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,生发中心外活化B细胞来源。予CHOP方案(环磷酰胺+多柔比星+长春新碱+泼尼松)化疗1周期。随访1年患者血钙正常。结论以高钙危象为首发表现的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤主要临床表现为高钙血症,确诊依靠病理检查。对于甲状旁腺激素水平正常且甲状旁腺无明显病变,同时伴全身多处淋巴结肿大的高钙血症患者,应考虑为恶性肿瘤相关的高钙血症,完善相关检查,尽早明确原发病灶并进行确诊。对以高钙危象为首发表现的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤,采用手术切除肿瘤并辅以术后CHOP方案化疗疗效满意。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steroidal saponins is one of the complex glycosidic compounds in traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological activities. Biotransformation is the progress of biological synthesis and structure modification of natural active compounds by using various enzymes or microorganisms. Steroidal saponins structure can be modified by using biotransformation technology, instead of chemical method, to obtain a higher medicinal value of target compounds. In this paper, the recent investigations of microbial and enzymatic conversion of steroidal saponins were reviewed, and look forward to the research prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]