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Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum neurofilament light chain protein (NFL), homocysteine (Hcy), irisin (Irisin) and cognitive function and seizure control after treatment in patients with epilepsy. Methods: 196 patients with epilepsy admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from February 2021 to February 2023 were selected,according to the evaluation results of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), patients were divided into cognitive impairment group and non-cognitive impairment group, with 70 cases and 126 cases respectively. All patients with epilepsy were treated with antiepileptic drugs, the levels of serum NFL, Hcy and Irisin were detected before treatment, the seizure control was evaluated 6 months after treatment, the patients were divided into complete control group (139 cases) and incomplete control group (57cases) according to this. The factors affecting the incomplete control of seizures in patients with epilepsy after treatment were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: The level of Irisin in cognitive impairment group was lower than that in non-cognitive impairment group, and the levels of serum NFL and Hcy were higher than those in non-cognitive impairment group (P＜0.05). The levels of serum NFL and Hcy in incomplete control group were higher than those in incomplete control group (P＜0.05), and the level of Irisin was lower than that in incomplete control group (P＜0.05). Electroencephalogram abnormalities, generalized seizures, high NFL and Hcy were risk factors for incomplete control after antiepileptic treatment in patients with epilepsy (P＜0.05), and high Irisin was a protective factor (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum NFL and Hcy in patients with epilepsy and cognitive impairment are increase, and the level of Irisin is decrease, which are relate to the control of seizures after antiepileptic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The predictive value and clinical significance of peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) to serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detected in elderly patients with undifferentiated early gastric cancer were observed. Methods: A total of 80 patients with undifferentiated early gastric cancer, 80 patients with benign gastric diseases, and 80 healthy individuals were included. The above patients were divided into experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and control group. Serum AFP, NLR, and PLR tests were carried out, and the three groups were compared. Serum AFP, NLR, and PLR levels were used to evaluate the predictive effect and significance of serum AFP, NLR, and PLR in elderly patients with undifferentiated early gastric cancer. Results: The expression levels of NLR, PLR and AFP in the observation group 1 and observation group 2 were higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05); The levels of serum NLR, PLR and AFP in patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05); The levels of serum NLR, PLR and AFP in patients with T1bN0M0 were higher than those in patients with T1aN0M0(P＜0.05); Taking benign gastric diseases as a control, the diagnostic effects of serum NLR, PLR and AFP in patients with gastric cancer were analyzed under correlation analysis. The areas of serum AFP, NLR and PLR were 0.685, 0.755 and 0.743 respectively, with sensitivity of 65%, 69% and 75% respectively, and specificity of 72%, 74% and 59% respectively. Under the combined detection of serum AFP, NLR and PLR, the sensitivity can reach 72% and the specificity can reach 79%. Compared with a single detection, the combined detection of serum AFP, NLR and PLR has a higher specificity. Conclusion: For the elderly patients with undifferentiated early gastric cancer, the detection of serum AFP, NLR, PLR can evaluate and predict their condition, provide a certain reference basis for clinical practice, and have great clinical promotion and application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the expression and localization of FKBP5 gene and protein in different tissues and different stages of follicular development in Mianalatai sheep. [Method] The full-length CDS region of FKBP5 gene in Altay sheep was amplified by PCR, and a molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed; The expression levels of FKBP5 gene and protein in different organs and tissues such as ovary of Altay sheep were detected by real-time qPCR and Western blot; The expression of FKBP5 gene in follicles of different sizes and corpus luteum of Altay sheep was detected by real-time qPCR; And the expression localization of FKBP5 protein in ovary of Altay sheep was detected by immuno histochemical technique. [Result] The CDS region sequence of FKBP5 gene in Altay sheep was 1390 bp in length and encoded 462 amino acids; sheep was closely related to goats and cattle and distantly related to chickens (birds) ; FKBP5 gene and protein were expressed in sheep heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, uterus, ovary, fallopian tube and testis, with the highest expression in the fallopian tube, followed by liver, spleen, uterus, ovary and testis organs and tissues, with lower expression in the heart, lung and kidney; FKBP5 gene expression was the highest in large follicles and extremely significantly higher than that in ovaries, small follicles and corpus luteum (P＜0.01), followed by ovaries and small follicles, with the lowest expression in the corpus luteum; FKBP5 gene expression was slightly different in different cells of large and small follicles.Its expression in large theca cells was significantly higher than that in other types of cells (P＜0.01), while its expression in large theca GCs was also significantly higher than that in small theca GCs, theca cells, and cumulus cells of large and small follicles (P＜0.05) ; FKBP5 protein was expressed in primary follicles, secondary follicles, corpus luteum tissues, and oocytes, cumulus cells, granulosa cells, and theca cells of large and small antral follicles in Altay sheep. [Conclusion] It is speculated that FKBP5 gene may play a role in follicular development in Altay sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frozen food has been much more popular in China in recent years. It is also a high requirement for the eating quality with the popularity of frozen food. The size of the internal ice crystal has been the most important factor in the quality. Common freezing includes flat plate freezing, spiral tunnel freezing, and liquid nitrogen spraying. Different freezing can often be chosen, according to the characteristics of the product. The process can convert the free water into ice in food, thus reducing the water activity in the food matrix. The immobilization of free water can inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and then slow down the enzymatic and chemical degradation reactions for less food spoilage. The speed and size of the ice crystals can be critical to the quality of the frozen food. It is preferred that the small-sized ice crystals are normally distributed within the cells in some foods with a cellular structure (such as fruits, vegetables, and meat). As such, the high quality of foods can also be maintained for the least damage to the cellular structure. But, the large ice crystals can result in an icy and sandy taste, which is unacceptable to the consumers. Therefore, it is a common demand from the industry and consumers to reduce the size of ice crystals for the better quality of products. A magnetic field has been an emerging physical way to fully characterize by the strong penetration in the food raw materials. There are some variations in the motion and water distribution state of water molecules in food, thereby accelerating the freezing rate. Therefore, the frozen product quality can be much closer to the fresh state. This study aims to explore the effect of magnetic field-assisted freezing on the quality of frozen cooked noodles. Different magnetic field intensities were selected to assist the frozen noodles: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 Gs. The control group (CK) was set as the blank group without the addition of a magnetic field. The results showed that the freezing rate of frozen cooked noodles was significantly (P<0.05) accelerated by 4 min, while the whiteness, hardness, chewiness, shear force, and the content of bound water in the water distribution state significantly (P<0.05) increased by 2.37%, 7.40%, 12.41%, 19.20%, and 10.95%, respectively, whereas, the cooking loss, the content of freezer water, and the aging degree of starch molecules significantly (P<0.05) decreased by 17.88%, 9.44%, and 0.22%, respectively, compared with the CK under the magnetic field intensity of 12 Gs. There were much more uniform and fine ice crystals in the micro-structure in this case. The freezing rate of the noodles was accelerated under the action of the magnetic field. The growth of ice crystals was then inhibited for less mechanical damage to the inside of the frozen cooked noodles. There were also some changes in the movement state of the water molecules in the frozen cooked noodles. The disorder has developed into order, which reduced the energy consumed by the movement of water molecules. The water distribution state also changed to make the internal structure of the frozen cooked noodles more stable with the increase in the bound water. The best freezing performance was also achieved in the magnetic field strength of 12 Gs. The magnetic field can be expected to improve the quality of frozen cooked noodles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic osteolysis is the most common long-term complication of total joint arthroplasty. Many studies suggest that the inflammasome may play an important role during the osteolysis. Melatonin is a rhythm-regulated hormone secreted by the pineal gland with many functions including antiinflammatory, anti-oxidation, and antitumor, but its effects on osteolysis and inflammasome have yet to be explored. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of melatonin on the osteolysis induced by wear particles and the role of melatonin on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. METHODS: (1) In vivo test: Fifteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, osteolysis group and melatonin group by random number table method, with 5 mice in each group. The osteolysis model of the osteolysis group and the melatonin group was established by injecting cobalt-chromiummolybdenum (CoCrMo) particles into the sagittal suture of the skull. After injection, the melatonin group was intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/(kg•d) of melatonin for 14 consecutive days. After drug intervention, the mouse calvarium was collected for micro-CT analysis to observe the micro-structural changes around the sagittal suture. (2) In vitro test: Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and THP-1 cells (which had been induced to differentiate into macrophages) were taken and divided into seven groups: normal group, lipopolysaccharide group, lipopolysaccharide+CoCrMo group and melatonin 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mmol/L groups (lipopolysaccharide and CoCrMo were added to the melatonin intervention groups). After the intervention for 6 hours, the expression of related proteins (NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and gasdermin D, gasdermin D-N terminal) in the inflammasome of cell lysate or cell culture supernatant was detected by western blot assay. Cytotoxicity and cell death were observed through lactate dehydrogenase release and live-dead fluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vivo test: Micro-CT scanning 3D reconstruction images showed that the bone mass around the sagittal suture of the skull of mice in the osteolysis group was significantly reduced, and the bone tissue structure was severely damaged. Compared with the osteolysis group, the bone mass around the sagittal suture of the skull in the melatonin group was significantly increased, and the destruction of tissue structure was reduced. (2) In vitro test: For mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, lipopolysaccharide significantly up-regulated NLRP3 protein expression in cell lysate, and melatonin intervention could reduce NLRP3 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. CoCrMo particles significantly up-regulated the protein expressions of the gasdermin D-N terminal in cell lysate and Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the supernatant of cell culture, while melatonin intervention could reduce the expression of these proteins in a dose-dependent manner. For THP-1 cells, the protein expressions of Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the supernatant of cell culture were significantly up-regulated by CoCrMo particles, and the expression of these proteins was decreased dose-dependent by melatonin intervention. Lactate dehydrogenase release and live-dead fluorescence staining showed that CoCrMo particles significantly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase and cell death in the supernatant of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage culture, and melatonin intervention could reduce the release of lactate dehydrogenase and cell death. (3) The results show that melatonin can inhibit particle-induced inflammasome activation and pyroptosis to suppress periprosthetic osteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper was conducted to screen differentially expressed miRNA from lambs and adult ewes through modern molecular biology and high-throughput sequencing technology,and further dig out and identify related genes related to follicular development,and reveal signaling pathways and molecular regulatory networks of their differences in traits. 【Method】With lamb and ewe granulosa cells as the research object,the high-throughput sequencing(RNA-Seq) technology for RNA library construction was applied to reveal the genetic differences between the lamb and adult sheep from the transcriptome level,the identification of differentially expressed miRNA,and the differences of expression of MI RNA and its target gene functional annotation and clustering analysis and pathway enrichment etc were studied.【Result】More than 200 miRNAs were identified from two miRNA libraries,and 1/3 of them were identified as new miRNAs. Of the9 differences in the common identification of miRNA,the relative ewes,the lamb had 4 miRNA up-regulated and 5 down-regulation. Among them,the up regulation of oar-miR-106 a was the most significant(1. 85),and the oar-miR-10 a downregulation was the most significant(-2. 20). The GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of all the target genes of all miRNAs in two libraries showed that the abundance of PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway was the highest. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR confirmed 5 randomly selected miRNA,and the results were consistent with the sequencing data. 【Conclusion】miRNAs may play an important role in the reproductive physiology of sheep after superovulation,including the development of follicle and oocyte and the proliferation of granulosa cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Platelet glycoprotein 4(CD36) gene plays a variety of biological functions in model animals, which may play an important role in the development of sheep follicles by transcriptome analysis, and the sequence structure and biological function of TSP-1 gene were studied. 【Method】The full-length TSP-1 gene of Aletai sheep CDS region amplified by PCR software was obtained, the protein sequences and functional region of the CD36 gene were analyzed, and while using the method of fluorescence quantitative PCR, the expression of 5 heads of 1 years of Aletai sheep in 10 organizations were detected. 【Result】The CD36 gene was 1419 bp in length, encoding 472 amino acids, which was in full accord with the predicted sequence. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the genetic distance between sheep and cattle was close. CD36 protein is a lipophilic hydrophilic protein with 1 transmembrane helix structure, amino acids in the 1-20 position in the signal peptide, 8 N-glycosylation and 41 potential phosphorylation sites, including 19 Ser, 15 Thr and 7 Tyr. Detection of CD36 gene in different tissues and different diameters of follicles showed that CD36 gene expressed in 7 tissues of sheep, heart and lung and small follicles in the expression of CD36 was significantly different(P < 0.05), and the overall expression level in the different diameters of follicles was low. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that CD36 gene may play an important role in the development of sheep follicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed vacuum takes advantage of the circulatory operation between normal pressure and vacuum pressure. It has been applied to the drying and thawing process of fruits and vegetable. Previous studies have shown that suitable pulsed vacuum pretreatment can effectively improve the drying quality of fruits and vegetables, and is beneficial to the extraction of bioactive substances. However, it is rarely reported about the application of pulsed vacuum pretreatment in fish drying. In order to effectively take the advantages of osmotic dehydration combined with pulsed vacuum effect, this paper attempted to apply pulse vacuum infiltration pretreatment in heat pump drying of tilapia fillet on the basis of osmotic dehydration research. These would break through the limitations of conventional technology and a new process of pulsed vacuum infiltration pretreatment for heat pump drying process of tilapia fillets was obtained. Therefore, in order to obtain the effect of pulsed vacuum impregnation as a pretreatment on the quality of heat pump dried tilapia fillets, whiteness, DEI (dehydration efficiency index), Ca2+-ATPase activity, rehydration rate and texture, as well as the comprehensive scores were evaluated for the quality assessment of tilapia fillets. The relevant evaluation criteria were screened to develop the evaluation factor set according to the test purpose. The weight coefficient of each criterion was determined using the analytic hierarchy process to construct the hierarchical structure models of target layer, factor layer and project layer. A series of single-factor experiments were conducted, and the factors included circulation rate, cycle times, vacuum pressure and trehalose concentration. The results showed: Compared with the control group, the pulse cycle rate could effectively improve the comprehensive quality of the heat pump dried fish fillets, and when the circulation rate was 4:2 within the range of 4:4-5:1, not only the comprehensive score reached the maximum, but also Ca2+-ATPase activity was increased by 42.48%; the cycle number could effectively improve the comprehensive quality of the heat pump dried fish fillets; when the cycle number was 4 within the range of 3-5, the whiteness of fillets got the peak value of 41.08 and increased by 16.98% compared to the control group; the vacuum pressure could effectively improve the comprehensive quality of the heat pump dried fish fillets, and when the vacuum pressure was 10 kPa within the range of 4-16 kPa, the results were better and rehydration rate obtained the balance gradually; when the trehalose concentration was at 130 g/L within the range of 90-170 g/L, the research got the maximum comprehensive score. Moreover, compared with the atmosphere pressure control group, the whiteness, rehydration rate, and Ca2+-ATPase activity of dried tilapia fillets were increased pronouncedly by17.9%, 80%, and 93.6% respectively. By changing the vacuum pressure, vacuum circulation rate, cycle times and the concentration of trehalose, the quality of the heat pump dried tilapia fillets could be promoted with different degrees. Impregnation under pulsed vacuum condition can improve the comprehensive quality of heat pump dried tilapia fillets effectively, which provides a reference for improving the pretreatment process of similar dried products, and also provides technical guidance for similar product technological update. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To compare the effects of cleavage rate of sheep oocytes after in vitro fertilization on embryonic development potential and pregnancy rate after transplantation.[Method] Adult Dorper ewes which could not be used as superovulation donors due to ovarian adhesion were selected and stimulated by conventional hormone to induce the superdevelopment of follicles. The cumulus and oocyte complexes（COCs) were recovered by operation or slaughter, for in vitro maturation（IVM）, in vitro fertilization（IVF) and in vitro culture（IVC）. The cleavage at 24, 36 and 48 hours after fertilization and the blastocyst rate at 7 days were counted respectively, The early embryos or blastocysts were transferred according to the experimental design, and the pregnancy rate of each group was counted and statistically analyzed. Among them, the embryos cleaved at and before 24 hours post insemination was recorded as fast cleavage group, while the cleavage after 24 hours post insemination was recorded as slow cleavage group. [Result] (i) The proportion of embryos in the fast cleavage group to cleaved embryos in the total number was 77.85%, which was significantly higher than 22.15% in the slow cleavage group（P<0.01); (ii) The blastocyst rate in fast cleavage group was significantly higher than that in slow cleavage group（68.95% vs 26.91%, P<0.01); (iii) There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate between single or double early cleavage embryos transfer in fast cleavage group（64.05% vs 65.62%, P> 0.05); (iv) The pregnancy rate of two early embryos transfer was significantly higher than that of single embryo in slow cleavage group（33.89% vs 11.67%, P<0.01), but was all significantly lower than that of fast cleavage embryos（P<0.01); (v) There was no significant difference between single blastocyst and double blastocyst（69.33% vs 70.46%,P>0.05); (vi) Transplantation at 24 hours or 48 hours post insemination had no effect on pregnancy rate;（vii) It was impossible to judge the quality of the early embryo from its morphology. [Conclusion] For sheep early embryos in vitro, single embryo transfer in the fast cleavage group, double embryo transfer in the slow cleavage group and single blastocyst transfer can improve the utilization rate of embryos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】In order to improve the efficiency of in vivo and in vitro embryo transfer,the effects of in vitro and in vivo embryo transfer and the rate of lambing were compared with the number of embryos. 【Method】The differences between the in vitro embryonic and in vivo embryo transfer productivity were also studied. 【Result】The results were as follows:( i) The pregnancy rate of two early embryos in vitro was significantly higher than that of single embryos( 60. 42 % vs 48. 54 %,P < 0. 05); The former lambing rate is also significantly higher than the latter( 74. 68 % vs 41. 96 %,P < 0. 01).( ii) The rate of pregnancy and lambing rate of single in vitro embryos were significantly lower than that of in vivo embryos( P < 0. 05).( iii) There was no difference in conception rate and lambing rate between two in vivo embryos or in vitro embryos( P > 0. 05).( iv) There is no difference between male and female embryos in the ratio of male lambs to embryos in vitro( P> 0. 05); But it is significantly higher than that of natural reproduction( P < 0. 05).( v) Although the offspring birth weight of in vitro embryos was significantly lower than that of in vivo embryos( 4. 98 vs 6. 2,P < 0. 01),the body weight and survival rate at 3 months of age did not differ from those of embryos in vivo( P > 0. 05). And there was no difference with the natural breeding group( P > 0. 05). 【Conclusion】Based on the above results,the highest efficiency was achieved when the two early embryos in vitro or one early embryo in vivo were transplanted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]