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The conflict between ecological protection and town development is particularly pronounced in mountainous towns with fragile ecological environments and constrained construction conditions. Cross-scale Green Infrastructure (GI) is characterized by a balance between ecological protection and human needs. The establishment of a county-level GI network can provide a shared basic framework for the development and biological conservation of mountainous towns. The Wanzhou District of Chongqing has the typical characteristics of a southwestern mountain town with ecological problems such as habitat fragmentation and reduced disturbance resistance. This study was based on the biological flow process, guided by geometric morphology, circuit, and graph theory, and it followed the logic of "hubs, links, and pinch points". First, the morphological spatial pattern analysis method was applied to identify the GI network hubs, and their importance was classified according to the current-flow betweenness centrality index. Next, an ecological resistance surface was established based on multisource data, and the minimum cumulative resistance model was applied to identify the links. It also calculated their importance and ranked them based on the average resistance, path length, and average value of the connected hubs. Subsequently, the current-flow density distribution was analyzed, and ecological pinch points were extracted in conjunction with the links. According to the results, the GI network of Wanzhou District contains 42 hubs with an area of 996.35 km2, accounting for 28.83% of the total study area. The hubs were generally dense in the east and sparse in the west, forming a pattern of "one screen, three belts, and scattered distribution." Among them, the GI network hubs formed by the Fangdou-Qiyao Mountain group and the Yangtze River and its coastal green areas are of the greatest importance, followed by the Tiefeng Mountain, Dengfeng Reservoir, and the central-eastern forest areas, whereas the small patches scattered in the central southwestnortheast oriented valleys are of the least importance. Additionally, 80 links were identified with a total length of 292.97 km, with long paths and low importance in the eastern region and short paths and high importance in the western region. Furthermore, 142 ecological pinch points were extracted, accounting for 9.60% of the corridor length dominated by land-use types of farmlands (55.89%) and woodlands (35.71%); pinch points were mainly concentrated in the east, which is the key area in guaranteeing the ecological stability of the county GI network. Finally, this study proposes zoning, grading, and precise protection and restoration strategies based on the relative importance of hubs and links and the land-use types of ecological pinch-point areas. These strategies provide a scientific basis for decision-making to coordinate the conservation and development needs of mountain towns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

先天免疫系统是生物体在长期种系进化过程中逐渐形成的天然免疫防御体系. 巨噬细胞是先天免疫细 胞之一, 在机体抗感染, 抗肿瘤以及免疫调节等方面发挥重要作用. 脂滴 (LDs) 是一种由单层磷脂膜构成的储脂细胞 器, 具有调控脂质代谢, 能量稳态, 合成和释放炎症介质以及介导免疫应答等功能. 在一些病原体感染活化的巨噬细 胞内经常观察到LDs累积现象, 一方面LDs能够通过上调表面的抗微生物蛋白和肽类, 合成脂类炎症介质等方式参与 巨噬细胞对病原体的免疫炎症反应, 另一方面某些病原体也可靶向LDs获取自身所需的营养物质和复制场所. 考虑 到目前抗菌药物耐药形势严峻, 调控LDs的先天免疫有可能成为抗感染治疗新的策略. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) at different hip positions with muscle parameters and physical performance in middle-aged and elderly people in Kunming area. Methods 531 middle-aged and elderly volunteers were recruited from the Radiology Department of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from May 2021 to April 2022. All study subjects completed the five-times-sitto-stand test (FTSST) and hip quantitative CT (QCT) examinations. Volunteers’ total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and intertrochanteric (IT) BMD were measured by using QCT PRO workstation and using OsiriX software to measure the area and density of their gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medius, and minimus muscle and midthigh muscle. Divide male and female volunteers into positive and negative groups respectively based on FTSST time ≥ 12 seconds or < 12 seconds, and analyze the differences in hip BMD between the groups; Also divide male and female volunteers into three groups (50~59 years old, 60~69 years old, 70 years old and above) at the age of 10, and analyze the correlation between hip BMD and muscle parameters in different age and gender stratification. Control for age and BMI, and then perform partial correlation analysis on the above indicators. Results The BMD of the hip in the female FTSST positive group was lower than that in the negative group ( P < 0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference between the male groups (P > 0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, among males, FN BMD was positively correlated with gluteus medius and minimus muscle density in the age groups of 50～59 and 60~69 ( P<0.05), while TH BMD, FN BMD, and IT BMD were strongly positively correlated with gluteus medius and minimus muscle density in the age group over 70 (P<0.05). For females, the correlation between hip BMD and muscle density in the age groups of 50～59 and 60～69 was weak, while BMD in all parts of the hip was not correlated with muscle density in the age group over 70 (P > 0.05). There was a negative correlation between TH BMD, FN BMD, and gluteus medius and minimus muscle area in the age group of 50～59 years old for males (P<0.05), while there was a significant negative correlation between TH BMD, IT BMD, and gluteus maximus area in the age group of 70 years old and above for females (P<0.05). Conclusion The BMD of various parts of the hip in the female FTSST positive group is lower than that in the negative group. The density of the gluteus medius and minimus muscle can to some extent serve as a predictive indicator of femoral neck bone strength in middle-aged and elderly men in Kunming area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background-- The domestie scholars focus on macro levels such as； The definition and characteris- tics of thc nationat park, thc purpose and significance of the cstabtishment of thc nationat park system and so on, white the micro tevet research on thc stakehotdcrs of Nationat Park rarety appeat's. Methods-- The data pvthon software of Oetopat'se is used to grab a totat of 1031 ontine comments and 945 actiiat effcctive texts from Angust 15，2018 to Angust 15，2019 in Recrcation area and Htitization area of Wnvishan JNationat Park. And the effcctive text is anatyzed with the software of RSI1 CM6. Results-- The overatt satisfaction of tonrists to thc Recrcationat area of Wnyishan JNationat Park is rctativetv high, of which thc positivc emo tion accounts for 77. 57%. And thc middte-tev ct emo tion accotints for 9. 10%. JNegativc emo tions acconntcd for 13. 33%, indicating that more cardTut managemcnt may change nega- tivc emo tions into positivc ones and improve thc overatt satisfaction of the scenic spot. The satisfaction cvakiation system is composed of four dimensions: tonrism tandscape, tocation transportation, rccreation experience, management and service. Fit'st of att, from the pcrspcctivc of tonrism tandscape, more than 72% of tonrists give positivc comments on thc qiiatitv of natiirat scenery and ecotogicat environment in Wnyishan JNationat Park Rccreation Area. With thc high satisfaction, however, onty 14. 1% of thc positivc comments of human tandscape faited to attract thc attention of tonrists. There arc two reasons for this condition, the fit'st one is that tonrists arc not interested in Ctittiirat tandscape ； thc other is that Ctitturat tandscape is not ctearty described, so we can find that thcrc arc probtems in the constr tie tion of cuttiirat tandscape in W nyishan JNationat Park. Besides, for tocation and transportation, it can be conctuded that tonrists arc more satisfied with the infrastrtie ture in W nyishan JNationat Park Recrcation Area. In addition, from thc view of rccreation experience, the overatt satisfaction of experience is bettcr. However， it can be found that thc pmportion of both positivc and negativc evattiation of traKic experience is as high as 11. 7%. it is concttided that thc high temperattire in summer and thc tong waiting time for bamboo raft affect thc tour experience and cause physicat fatigne. What's more, in terms of managemcnt and service, thc positivc comments on service and aiTangcment of roiitc arc higher, tip to 74%, white thc nega- tive attitiidcs of tonrism produets arc higher than the positivc ones. Through thc in-depth anatysis of thc satisfaction evatnation system, it is conctuded that thc positivc attitiidcs of thc beaHtifutty natiirat environment of tonrists is 88.7%. Conclusions and Discussions-- Through the above research, the fottowing siiggestions arc pnt forward: The first one is to protect thc ecotogicat environment. Therefore，it's necessary to pm tee t thc natiirat rcsotirccs from over cxptoitation, strengthen thc cnvironmcntat awareness of tonrists, and pmmotc thc sustainabk dcvctopmcnt of nationat parks. ITic second one is to cstabtish a netvvork intcractivc ptatform, which can hetp park manager deat with comptaints or siiggestions from tonrists in time and improve service qnatity. The finat one is to buitd regionat Ctittiirat tandscape and cxcavatc regionat thc charac teris tie c itt ture of thc region to crcatc a highty identifiabtc cutturat tandscape, which is hetpfut to enrich thc tourist experience and improve thc satisfaction of tonrists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar and hip and osteoporosis (OP) in middle-aged and elderly population in Kunming with quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Methods From March to November 2021, middle-aged and elderly people aged (~ 50) in Kunming who voluntarily received QCT of the lumbar spine and hip in Yunnan First People's Hospital were selected. Their medical history, height, and weight were recorded. The subjects were divided into 3 groups (50-59 years old, 60-69 years old, 70 years old and above) according to different genders with 10 years old interval. The mean BMD (Ll-2 BMD), total hip areal BMD (TH aBMD), total hip volumetric BMD (TH vBMD), femoral neck areal BMD (FN aBMD), femoral neck volumetric BMD (FN vBMD), trochanter areal BMD (TR aBMD), trochanter volumetric BMD (TR vBMD), intertrochanter areal BMD (IT aBMD), and intertrochanter volumetric BMD (IT vBMD) were analyzed. Results A total of 555 subjects (180 males and 375 females) were included. The overall prevalence of OP based on BMD measurement of the lumbar spine, whole hip, and any part of lumbar spine were 33. 51 %, 12. 79% and 36. 04%, respectively. There was no difference between the detection rate of OP in any part and that of the lumbar spine (P > 0. 05). The OP detection rate of the lumbar spine and any part was significantly higher than that of the hip (P < 0. 001). In the 50-59 age group, there was no significant difference between male and female lumbar 1-2 BMD (P>O. 05). BMD of the lumbar 1 and 2 in women aged 60-69 and over 70 years old was lower than that in men (PO. 05), but there was a negative correlation between BMD and age in females (P < 0. 05). TH vBMD, FN vBMD, TR aBMD, and IT vBMD were significantly different between males and females in 50-59 age group (P