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In this study, 9 active substances that could be analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) were used. Changes in these pesticide residues were determined after strawberries were washed, pasteurized, stored in cold and washed on different days. In addition, strawberry puree was stored at -18±2°C and pasteurized puree was stored at different temperatures. The highest and lowest processing factors in the pasteurization process were determined in tebufenpyrad (Pf:1.20) and tetraconazole (Pf:0.81), respectively. During cold storage, kresoxim-methyl degradation was found statistically significant (p<0.05). At the end of cold storage, penconazole was below the quantification limit while pyrimethanil and tebufenpyrad did not change; however, azoxystrobin, boscalid, tetraconazole and kresoxim-methyl residues decreased by 3.8, 10.9, 25.0 and 36.4%, respectively. Washing process did not reduce tebufenpyrad residues. On the other hand, reduction rates were 3.8, 4.2, 4.5 and 9.1% for azoxystrobin, pyrimethanil, bupirimate and kresoxim-methyl, respectively while they were 10.9% for boscalid and 16.7% for tetraconazole. During long-term storage, the highest and the fastest decrease in pesticide residues was observed at 20±2°C, and this decrease slowed down with the effect of pasteurization. Pesticide degradation rates at the end of one-year storage period in the samples stored at -18±2 °C following pasteurization were 20, 23, 26, 27, 37 and 41% for tetraconazole, pyrimethanil, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, boscalid and bupirimate, respectively. As a result, it was found that pesticide degradation was dependent upon the chemical nature of pesticides, initial concentration, agricultural commodity, processing and storage conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactarius semisanguifluus R. Heim & Leclair (L. semisanguifluus) is one of the wild-grown edible mushroom types. Wild-grown edible mushrooms are widely consumed or sold by people in fresh form. However, due to the high respiration ratio and moisture content, the mushrooms lose their quality immediately after harvest. This causes their shelf life to be very short. For this reason, it is necessary to know the best storage conditions as well as its nutritional content. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different treatment techniques (drying, canning, and freezing) on the chemical components (dry matter, crude protein, crude fats, ash, and total carbohydrates) and the mineral matters (Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) of the L. semisanguifluus. The results show that the moisture content varied between 8.86% to 90.43% (w/w) in the fresh, dried, canned and frozen mushroom samples. The protein content of the with and without processed samples was in the ranged of 1.21% and 18.53%. The ash and fat content of the all samples ranged from 2.79% to 5.94% and from 0.53% to 7.99%, respectively. Additionally, the carbohydrate content was found to be between 0.85 and 58.68%. The energy values of the all samples were estimated to be between 27.56-380.75 kcal 100g-1 and 115.63-1608.20 kJ 100g-1. Potassium (108.6-2367.4 mg 100g-1) and phosphor (37.4-182.7 mg 100g-1) were the most abundant minerals in the analysed samples. The chemical composition of the frozen samples had the closest results to the fresh samples. The results of the present research showed that L. semisanguifluus has a high nutritional quality especially the freezing process is the best protection technique rather than the canning process and was suitable especially for consumption in low caloric diets. Based on overall evaluations, it can be deduced that especially dried mushroom samples can be used in powder form (such as spices and enrichment component in many food formulations) in the production of various food products due to their high nutritional components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was discovered that the machinability of CoCrMo material, which is extensively utilized in the health-care business as an implant material, may be improved through research. Three distinct cutting tools and three different cutting speeds were employed in the dry machining experiment, with three different feed rates being used in combination with three different cutting speeds (DCMT from two different firms and DCGT inserts). Cutting tools with a wide range of mechanical qualities based on hardness and toughness are available on the market today. Throughout machining, the output of a machine is defined as the average of surface roughness (Ra) and cutting temperature (T), which is estimated as the result of an experimental research conducted during the machining process. The signal-tonoise ratio (S / N) recorded during the testing was used to evaluate the results of the tests. When determining the effect of variables on Ra and T, it was determined that the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique would be used. With a precision ratio of %61,4 in the analysis of variance, the feed rate was shown to be the most effective factor on Ra, while the cutting speed was found to be the most effective factor on cutting temperature (%63,9). The smallest Ra values were identified when machining at the fastest possible cutting speed and feed rate, whilst the smallest T values were obtained when machining at the slowest possible cutting speed and feed rate, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkish embroidery art rose to its peak during Ottoman period and became known as the art of the palace. Turks are known for their authenticity in their art and culture and they produced many works of calligraphy art under the influence of Islam and Arabic alphabet. This work details the collection of calligrahphy examples on the fabrics within the Bursa Foundation Museum. Bursa Foundation Museum is a branch of Bursa Metropolitan Municipality Department of Culture and Arts. The inspected collection was donated to Bursa Emir Sultan Mosque and Bursa Muradiye Mosque. They were approved to be exhibited by the General Directorate of Foundations with the protocol numbered E.58968 and dated 14.04.2016. The collection is comprised of various fabrics and fibers which have a wide range of colors and emroideries. They were photographed and given informative labels. The works of calligraphy were documented according to their pronounciation, meaning, period, size and decorations. The collection received an inspection with regard to their documentation entries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest on novel thermal technologies has been steadily increased in recent years because of the some undesirable changes in the quality characteristics of foods and the low energy efficiency during conventional heating. Novel methods that meet customer expectations for minimally processed and high-quality products and enable high energy efficiency production can be alternative to conventional methods. In this review, induction heating and ohmic heating processes, which are novel electrical heating methods, are explained, and working principles and the differences between their application areas are discussed. The studies on the continuous system pipe line and cooking applications designed for both heating methods are presented. Based on the food processing systems established for similar purposes, the applicability of both heating methods to foods is compared, and their potential application areas are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm based on image processing for detecting misshapen potatoes from the mass of potatoes and obtaining homogeneous products. The database used in this research included the digital images acquired from Agria variety of Ardabil (Iranian northern-west) potato with different sizes and shapes. A combination of morphological features including geometrical features like length, width and features related to shape such as roundness were taken into consideration in identifying irregular potatoes from others employing elongation and Fourier descriptors. Using statistical principal component analysis (PCA), seven features were selected as the most prominent for classification. The experimental results showed that the proposed method achieves a high level of accuracy with merely seven selected discriminative features, obtaining an average correct classification rate of 98% for training set. Additionally, regular potatoes were separated into small, medium and large categories with 100% accuracy. According to the results, the developed algorithm based on image processing can be used in classifying products with no proper shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoeing as mechanically and the use of herbicide as chemically are the most effective methods in controlling weed in sugar beet farming. Excessive use of chemical tussle results in serious environmental problems in the world. In addition, it affects human and animal health adversely. The weeds between rows in sugar beet fields were determined by using image processing techniques and a model of variable level herbicide application was applied on them with precision spraying robot developed during the study. When the nozzle height of precision spraying robot is 30 cm and the speed of it is 8.928 cm s-1, a value of 55.22% saving of drugs was achieved when compared to conventional pesticide applications in a pesticide application on an area of 1.6 m2. The amount of spraying liquid applied on weeds by precision spraying robot with 8 different speeds was measured. It was found that increasing the speed of the spraying robot causes a decrease in the amount of spraying liquid applied on weeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutrition is the essential subject for life. Food processes are developed in the base of some treatments such as drying. In the research, nutritive values of dried eggplant, dried leek, dried cauliflower, dried broccoli were determined after having been dried under sunlight or in the greenhouse due to season or weather conditions. Investigated main nutrients of dried eggplant were as follows; thiamin (Bl), riboflavin (B2), retinol (A), pyridoxine (B6), ascorbic acid (C), folic acid, magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), phosphor (P), zinc (Zn), ferrous (Fe), copper (Cu). In the study, same food components of dried leek, cauliflower and broccoli were established except phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) values but niacin and calcium (Ca) values were present. Conditions of drying process are exposed to some factors such as heat, air oxygen and sun light that affect the nutrients especially vitamins. The increase of dried weight of investigated vegetables cause the nutrients to concentrate in dry basis. Studied dried vegetables should generally contribute to nutrition level because of their maintained nutrient compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various methods of processing soybean meal were evaluated for their effects on the immune system parameters of broilers in a completely randomized design. The experiment was carried out in 200 male Ross broilers, grouped as quadruple. Soybean meal in the chicken feed was prepared by five different processes; i.e. raw soybean meal, autoclaved (121°C) for 20 min, autoclaved for 30 min, microwaved at 46°C, 540 watt for 7 min and baked at 120°C for 20 min. The serum antibody titers of broiler vaccinated against infectious bronchitis was determined at 23 days that against Newcastle was done at 27 days, that against Gumboro was done at 30 days and that against sheep red blood cells was done at 28 and 42 days. Results showed that baked soybean meal could help promoting the broiler serum antibody titers against various vaccines as well as against sheep red blood cells at 28 days (P<0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth over cutting forces have been investigated. For this purpose, nickel based super alloy Inconel 718 has been processed with ceramic cutting tool having 1.2 mm insert radia on a digitally controlled turning lathe (CNC) without using cooling water. Different cutting processes having the values of five different cutting speeds (225, 300, 350, 400, 500 m/dak) and five different feed rates (0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, 0.15 mm/rev) and two different cutting depths (1mm, 2mm) have been implemented. In the experiments, the lowest main cutting force was obtained as (A-1-V) 192 N in 500 m/min cutting speed, 0.05 mm/rev feed rate speed and 1 mm depth of cut, the highest main cutting force was obtained as (B-5-I) 780 N in 225 m/min cutting speed, 0.15 mm/rev feed rate speed and 2 mm depth of cut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: In immunohistochemistry, antibodies are used to detect and localize antigens in cellular compartments in sections taken from frozen or paraffin blocks. Currently, computerized image processing techniques are widely available to analyze immunohistochemically stained tissues; however, the image analysis programs are generally highly specific and expensive. We aimed to show the feasibility of computer assisted image analysis (CAIA) by using two computer programs currently in widespread use. Methods: Two available computer programs, Adobe Photoshop CS and ImageJ, were used to separate areas in the same tissue sections stained with NOS antibody and labeled with peroxidase in human endometrial tissue. CAIA was made on the relevant images using these two programs. Results: There was a significant difference among the groups according to staining intensity, in all three grades of staining (P < 0.001, P <0.05, and P < 0.001, respectively). Subjective assessment of the images was in good agreement with objective CAIA. One (+) positive stained area was greater in group 1 and less in group 2 and group 3 (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Group 3, which was considered as the most intensely stained by the observer, had the greatest amount of ++ staining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]