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This research aimed to explore the characteristics of the teachers who make a difference along with the activities they did, the actions they took and the contributions they made to society. Having a qualitative research design, this research utilized a phenomenological design. The working group of the research consisted of 12 volunteer teachers who completed their master degree at the department of Educational Sciences in Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University during the 2018-2019 academic year and who had teaching experience. The research employed semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers. Content analysis was used during data analysis. The teachers making a difference were found to differ from their colleagues with these characteristics such as taking responsibility in the solution of the social problems, producing practical solutions to problems, being open to criticism, having a unique personality. The teachers were determined to make a difference by doing social activities, solving social problems, guiding the society and bringing innovation. Besides, they demonstrated some behaviours like breaking out of the routine and not following the procedures. Various recommendations were provided in order to raise teachers who make a difference. Formal procedures should be reduced and free/democratic environment should be created during in-service training, while teachers should be specifically selected for the profession and faculty members should be role models during pre-service training. The teachers who make a difference contributed to the social integrity, development, meeting the needs of the society, bringing individuals into society and making individuals gain values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to explore how the changes made in the curricula are perceived by teachers, the reasons for the changes and their reflections on education. This study utilized "explanatory design" one of the mixed research models. The research sample held a total of 449 teachers working at primary, secondary and high schools located within the province of Kahramanmaraş during the 2017-2018 academic year. For the qualitative phase of the study, the working group of the study consisted of 11 teachers who were selected bythe criterion sampling method. The study employed Curriculum Change Perception Scale (CCPS) which was developed by the researchers and semistructured interview form. The quantitative research data was analyzed through the use of SPSS 21.0 package program, while content analysis for the qualitative data analysis. Research findings revealed that teachers' perceptions towards the changes in the curriculum are at the level of "Not sure", and that no significant difference was identified across teachers' perceptions towards the curriculum changes in terms of gender, teaching level and educational status, yet a statistically significant difference was found across seniority. The research also suggested the reasons for the changes in the curriculum as political reasons, the shortcomings arising from the previous curricula, adapting to the change and improving the education system. The considerations that should be paid attention in the implementation of the changes in the curriculum were determined as acting in accordance with the instructions and diversifying the teaching methods and techniques; whereas those by administrators were identified as preparing and implementing the changing plan, preparing material in accordance with the change and ensuring cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the complication rates between thyroidectomy procedures in order to help optimizing the surgical management of malignant and benign thyroid diseases with minimum complication rates. Material and Method: During the period from 2004 to 2009, 417 thyroidectomies were performed in Ankara Oncology Hospital at Department of Is' General Surgery. 181 were total and 120 were near-total thyroidectomies. During this same period 116 completion thyroidectomy performed. The complications investigated are tracheostomy performed due to recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, temporary hypocalcemia, permanent hypocalcemia, temporary vocal cord dysfunction, permanent vocal cord dysfunction, postoperative hematoma and postoperative death. Results: In our study analysis between total ve near-total thyroidectomy groups in respect to tracheostomy (1.10%/ 0.8%; p=0,81), temporary hypocalcemia (8.84%/10%; p=0.734), permanent hypocalcemia (0.55%/0.8%; p>0.05), temporary vocal cord dysfunction (9.94%/11.7%; p=0.635) and permanent vocal cord dysfunction (p>0.05) showed no statistically significant difference. On the other hand, analysis between total and completion thyroidectomy groups in respect to tracheostomy (1.10%/15.5%;p<0.001), temporary hypocalcemia (8.84%/46.6%; p<0.001), temporary vocal cord dysfunction (9.94%/37.9; p<0.001) and permanent vocal cord dysfunction showed statistically significant difference. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in respect to permanent hypocalcemia (p>0.05). Evaluation could not be performed in respect to postoperative hematoma and death due to absence of those. Conclusion: This data suggest that total thyroidectomy is a safe procedure in the hands of experienced surgeons. Based on our study we think that it may be safer to prefer total thyroidectomy to near-total thyroidectomy when there is a thyroid disease which effects the whole gland in order to avoid the high complication risk of the reoperative thyroid surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Reoperation in the central compartment for recurrent thyroid cancer presents several challenges to the surgeon while total thyroidectomy, a method which also has a deinite role in the management of malignant and benign thyroid disorders, is known to lead to few complications and rare postoperative mortality. This study aimed to investigate postoperative complication rates related to these two surgical procedures.. Patients and methods: In this study, we investigated the difference of complication rates between total and completion thyroidectomy procedures in 152 patients who had undergone total and 102 who had completion thyroidectomies. The complications investigated consisted of tracheostomy performed due to recurrent laryngeal nevre palsy, temporary hypocalcemia, permanent hypocalcemia, temporary vocal cord dysfunction, permanent, vocal cord dysfunction, and postoperative hematoma. Postoperative deaths were also assessed. Findings: Statistically signiicant differences were found between total and completion thyroidectomy groups, indicating that the completion thyroidectomy group carried a signiicantly higher risk with respect to laryngeal nevre palsy (p<0.0001), temporary hypocalcemia (p<0.0001), permanent vocal cord dysfunction (p<0.0001) and temporary vocal cord dysfunction (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Our study suggests that total thyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with thyroid cancer. Total thyroidectomy can be done with minimal permanent disability in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumors, in patients who have had previous thyroid operations, and in patients with coexistent hyperparathyroidism. The study also shows the importance of deciding on the appropriate surgical approach in multinodular goitre cases with a postoperative diagnosis of malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To confirm the clinical significance of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer patients with distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis and to examine the location of prophylactic dissection. Materials and methods: Hospital records of 25 consecutive patients treated between 1998-2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were grouped in terms of the presence of lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis, where patients with lymph node metastasis besides distant metastasis composed group I (n=16 patients, 64%), while patients with distant metastasis only composed group II (n=9 patients, 36%). Total thyroidectomy was applied at the time of diagnosis, or in median two months following the primary surgery if the patients already had a thyroidectomy less than total. Therapeutic neck dissection was performed on 16 patients which had lymph node metastasis. Results: Of all patients, 19 (76%) were female and the rest were male. Mean ages of the patients in group I and II were 36 and 54, respectively, and the age distribution within groups was different (p=0.01). The majority (56%) of tumors consisted of T3 tumors. The percentages of isolated lung, multiple organ and isolated bone metastasis at the time of diagnosis were 64%, 28%, and 8%, respectively. The patients were followed-up for median 70 months (range: 11-146 months) and progression was detected in 10 (40%) patients. The time of progression in group I and II were 56 and 70 months, respectively (p=0.31). Among the patients, 6 (24%) were lost due to reasons related to the disease. The presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with distant metastasis was not effective on overall survival (p=0.53). Conclusion: When therapeutic lymph node dissection was performed in thyroid cancer patients with distant metastasis, the obtained progression-free and overall survival durations are similar to patients without lymph node involvement. We do not recommend prophylactic dissection, despite the high risk of lymph node metastasis in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Male breast cancer is rare. Retroareoler lump is the most frequent symptom, presentation with other various symptoms with absence of retroareolar lump is extremely rare. We report a case of ductal carcinoma in situ presented with bloody nipple discharge and there was no lump in the breast. The patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy. Tamoxifen (20mg/d)was given. Modified radical mastectomy is the preferred surgical approach for this disease. Adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen is recommended as first-line-treatment. As shown by this case there is various presentation of male breast cancer. We think that it can be helpful to keep mind there is various presentations of male breast cancer to prevent late diagnosis and compose an optimal treatment strategy in male patients with breast symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]