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Purpose: This study explored experiences of the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute hospital setting from the perspectives of family members. Materials and Methods: A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted involving semi-structured interviews with 10 family members. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis, with Ecological Systems Theory applied as a guiding framework to discuss findings and implications for practice. Results: Four primary themes were identified: 1) The hospital environment; 2) Hospital staffing; 3) Identifying and preventing triggers, and 4) Family support and information. Conclusions: This qualitative study highlights the need for further information, education, and support to families of patients with TBI in the acute setting. Further research investigating the implementation of best practice approaches for managing challenging behaviours practice in acute settings is needed to overcome the barriers of the hospital environment, inexperienced and inconsistent staffing, and difficulties identifying triggers within the acute hospital setting, experienced by families. Approaches for family involvement in behaviour management strategies, and facilitation of communication for people with TBI in the acute setting requires exploration. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Families reported the hospital environment, inexperienced and inconsistent staffing, and difficulty identifying triggers were challenges in effectively managing challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute setting. Clinicians can support family involvement in preventative strategies with patients with TBI. Clinicians can enable quality of care by building rapport and providing compassionate care to patients with TBI. Families need more support and information during the acute stage of TBI in hospital settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To estimate the effect of integrating custom-designed hand therapy video games (HTVG) with contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation (CCFES) therapy. Methods: Fifty-two stroke survivors with chronic (>6 months) upper limb hemiplegia were randomized to 12 weeks of CCFES or CCFES + HTVG. Treatment involved self-administration of technology-mediated therapy at home plus therapist-administered CCFES-assisted task practice in the lab. Pre- and post-treatment assessments were made of hand dexterity, upper limb impairment and activity limitation, and cognitive function. Results: No significant between-group differences were found on any outcome measure, and the average magnitudes of improvement within both groups were small. The incidence of technical problems with study devices at home was greater for the CCFES + HTVG group. This negatively affected adherence and may partially explain the absence of effect of HTVG. At end-of-treatment, large majorities of both treatment groups had positive perceptions of treatment efficacy and expressed enthusiasm for the treatments. Conclusion: This study makes an important contribution to the research literature on the importance of environmental factors, concomitant impairments, and technology simplification when designing technology-based therapies intended to be self-administered at home. This study failed to show any added benefit of HTVG to CCFES therapy. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03058796). IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation (CCFES) is an emerging therapy for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke that is designed, in part, to be self-administered at home. While movement-soliciting video games have shown promise in rehabilitation, this study failed to show a significant added benefit of integrating CCFES with hand therapy video games. For technology-based therapies intended to be self-administered at home, this study brings to light the importance of making every component of rehabilitation technology as user friendly and trouble-free as possible. For technology-based therapies intended to be self-administered at home, this study brings to light the importance of assuring that the home environment is conducive to home-based therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Physical interventions during subacute rehabilitation have potential to improve functional recovery. This study explored the perspectives of children and adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their parents with respect to physical rehabilitation during the subacute phase. Methods: Thirteen children and adolescents with ABI and their parents were included and interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis approach. Results: Six themes were identified: 1) beliefs of physical rehabilitation, 2) content of physical rehabilitation, 3) tailored care, 4) impact of context, 5) communication and 6) transition. The importance of intensive physical practice was widely supported. The positive can-do mentality was emphasised to create an atmosphere of hope, meaning that every effort would be made to achieve maximum recovery. Intensive involvement of parents is considered essential during subacute rehabilitation including an open and mutual dialogue about the focus of rehabilitation, therapy goals and future participation in their own environment. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need for an intensive rehabilitation approach, tailored to the individual's needs. The perspectives of children and adolescents and their parents in our study contribute to a better understanding of factors that are important for optimal recovery through physical rehabilitation during the subacute phase. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Children with acquired brain injury and their parents indicate the potential and thus the importance of intensive physical practice to enhance optimal recovery. Involvement of parents and the potential of their continuous presence during subacute rehabilitation may have a positive impact on the effect of rehabilitation efforts. The positive can-do mentality of rehabilitation professionals creates an atmosphere of hope and is an important requisite to achieve maximum recovery. Open dialogue between clinicians and the family is warranted about the focus of interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Delivering serious news is usually challenging for healthcare professionals and the pandemic of COVID-19 and related restrictions brought additional challenges in this process. Aims: To explore the experience of bereaved relatives with receiving serious news from healthcare professionals during the pandemic COVID-19. Design: A qualitative study using thematic analysis and a codebook approach of data collected in semi-structured interviews with bereaved relatives. Setting/participants: Data were collected from July to August 2022 in person/via phone with bereaved relatives who lost their relatives during the pandemic (from March 2020 to March 2022). Participants were recruited using a convenience sample and snowball method through social media and through one university hospital palliative care unit that invited bereaved relatives of deceased patients treated at the unit to participate in this study. Results: A total of 22 participants, consisting of 4 men and 18 women, were interviewed for this study. Most of the participants were sons or daughters of individuals who had died (5 grandchildren, 14 sons/daughters, 2 spouses, 1 great-niece). Six themes were identified: Burden caused by visit ban, Fear of COVID-19, Inappropriate behaviour and communication of healthcare professionals, High need for emotional support, Need for detailed and honest communication, Tendency to make excuses for mistakes and lapses by healthcare professionals. Conclusions: Delivering serious news during a pandemic was negatively influenced by a lack of contact with patients and a lack of support and empathetic communication with staff. Overcoming these circumstances can be achieved by frequent communication using various communication tools (such as videoconferences or phone calls), and maintaining empathy and honesty in the communication process. Key message: This article describes results from a qualitative study with bereaved relatives focused on their experience with communication with physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Relatives lacked empathetic communication, they also experienced fear of getting infected and they tended to express understanding for the challenging circumstances faced by the healthcare staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and aim: Ethnically diverse neighborhoods encounter pronounced inequalities, including housing segregation and limited access to safe outdoor spaces. Residents of these neighborhoods face challenges related to physical inactivity, including sedentary lifestyles and obesity in adults and children. One approach to tackling health inequalities is through family-based programs tailored specifically to these neighborhoods. This study aimed to investigate parents' experiences and perceptions of the family-based Open Activities, a cost-free and drop-in program offered in ethnically diverse and low socioeconomic neighborhoods in Sweden. Methods: Researchers' engagement in 15 sessions of the Open Activities family-based program during the spring of 2022, and individual interviews with 12 participants were held. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes and seven sub-themes representing different aspects of the program's meaning to the participants as parents, their families, and communities. The main themes describe how parents feel valued by the program, which actively welcomes and accommodates families, regardless of cultural differences within these neighborhoods. The themes also show how cultural norms perceived as barriers to participation in physical activity can be overcome, especially by mothers who express a desire to break these norms and support girls' physical activity. Additionally, the themes highlight the importance of parents fostering safety in the area and creating a positive social network for their children to help them resist criminal gang-related influences. Conclusions: The program's activities allowed parents to connect with their children and other families in their community, and (re)discover physical activity by promoting a sense of community and safety. Implications for practice include developing culturally sensitive activities that are accessible to and take place in public spaces for ethnically diverse groups, including health coordinators that can facilitate communication between groups. To enhance the impact of this program, it is recommended that the public sector support the creation of cost-free and drop-in activities for families who are difficult to reach in order to increase their participation in physical activity, outreach, and safety initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Festivals play an important role in improving death and grief literacy, enabling members of the public to engage with these often-sensitive topics. Good Grief Weston festival was co-designed and delivered with the community in Weston-super-Mare, a coastal town in South-West England with high levels of socioeconomic disadvantage but rich community assets. It was held in person over 8 days in May 2023. Objectives: To evaluate the reach and impact of Good Grief Weston festival and gather data to inform future festivals. Design: Mixed methods evaluation (survey and focus groups). Methods: Online and paper surveys assessing participants' characteristics and experiences were administrated during and after the festival. Survey participants who indicated their willingness to participate were invited to attend a focus group. Focus groups were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Data were collected by trained community co-researchers. Results: Approximately 3000 people attended the festival. Of 204 completed surveys, 64.5% were from women, age range ⩽15 to ⩾75 years; 88.2% identified as White; 14.9% deaf, disabled/with a chronic condition; 18.9% neurodivergent; 9.0% gay, bisexual or queer. Festival participants were entertained (70.9%), inspired (68.5%), felt part of a like-minded community (54.3%), talked to someone new (49.2%), learnt about grief/bereavement (34.3%), shared or expressed experiences (30.3%) and found out about local support (19.7%). 71.3% reported that they felt more confident talking about grief after attending. Median experience rating was 5 (IQR 0; possible range 1 = poor to 5 = excellent). In free-text comments, participants expressed appreciation for the festival and described benefits in attending. Two focus groups were conducted (n = 8 participants, all women), lasting c.1.5 h. Focus groups added rich descriptions of the festival's value, and data to inform the next festival. Conclusion: Findings suggest festivals of this nature can play a central role in a public health approach. Plain language summary: What was the impact of Good Grief Weston festival? Why was the study done? Previous studies have shown that many people feel unsupported by their community after the death of a loved one. We designed a festival to improve knowledge and support for bereaved people. We did this study to assess how the festival affected the people who attended. What did the researchers do? The team included researchers and people and organisations from the local community. Together, we designed and ran a festival on the topic of death, grief and bereavement in Weston-super-Mare, a coastal town with areas of high deprivation. The festival took place over an eight-day period in May 2023 and included creative, interactive and educational events. The team collected feedback on attendees' experiences of the festival. We did this using online and paper feedback forms, postcards, and focus groups to collect as many opinions as possible. What did the researchers find? We found that a wide range of people attended the festival. Most people who took part in the research rated the festival as 'excellent'. They told us they learnt about grief and bereavement and found out about local support services. Attendees met new people, shared their experiences, and felt that the festival built community spirit. They also made suggestions to improve any future festivals. What do the findings mean? The findings show that in-person festivals can effectively engage the public on the topic of death, grief and bereavement. They can also help develop connections between people and organisations in communities. These connections and learning opportunities may help communities to support their members through bereavement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a rare endocrine disorder, Cushing's Syndrome (Cushing's) is characterized by numerous symptoms and a non-specific presentation, leading to a delay to diagnosis for patients with this disease. To date, research examining the lived experiences of patients with Cushing's in healthcare is absent in the literature. This preliminary inquiry into the healthcare experiences of women with Cushing's aimed to examine the utility of this line of inquiry to support the patient centered care of individuals with Cushing's. Methods: Seven women from across Canada with endogenous Cushing's participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted examining participants' healthcare and body-related experiences with Cushing's. Results pertaining to healthcare experiences were analyzed for the current study using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Four themes emerged whereby women with Cushing's experienced (1) a lack of patient centered care, characterized by provider miscommunication and medical gaslighting; (2) a misunderstanding of their symptoms as related to weight gain; (3) weight stigma in healthcare encounters; and (4) a shift in their quality of care following diagnosis. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of patient centered care as well as the negative impact of commonly reported barriers to patient centered care. Cushing's specific barriers to patient centered care may include weight stigma as well as the rare incidence of Cushing's. Further research is needed to better understand the healthcare experiences of people with Cushing's in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Telemedicine allows delivery of healthcare to occur between parties that are not in the same location. As telemedicine users are not co-present, effective communication methods are crucial to the delivery and reception of information. The aim of this study was to explore perspectives of general practitioners (GPs) and patients on the interactional components of telemedicine consultations. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were held with telemedicine users; 15 GPs and nine patients self-selected from a larger telemedicine study. Participants were asked about their preparation for telemedicine consultations, conducting telemedicine consultations and post-consultation activities. Deidentified transcripts from the interviews were analysed thematically. Results: GPs and patients discussed factors they used to decide whether a consultation would be best conducted by telemedicine or in-person; the condition to be discussed, the existing doctor-patient relationship and whether physical examination was required. Participants also described how they prepared for their telemedicine consultations, gathering relevant documents, and reading previous notes. Participants described strategies they employed to optimise the telemedicine interaction; improving conversational flow and building rapport, as well as difficulties they experienced when trying to provide and receive care via telemedicine. Conclusions: Patient factors including health literacy and familiarity with technology affect the transfer of information shared during telemedicine consultations and consideration of these factors when choosing patients for telemedicine is required. Many GPs and patients have innate communication skills to effectively deliver and receive care through telemedicine. However, they may not be aware of these subconscious techniques to use to optimise telemedicine consultations. Communication training could be delivered to increase conversational flow, build rapport, and establish safety netting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic, non-malignant diseases (CNMD) like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF) and dementia in advanced stages are very burdensome for patients. Timely palliative care with strong collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and specialist palliative home care (SPHC) teams can reduce symptom burden, hospitalization rates, hospitalization costs and overall healthcare costs. The KOPAL-study on strengthening interprofessional collaboration for patients with palliative care needs tested the effect of an intervention comprising of a SPHC nurse assessment and an interprofessional case conference. This qualitative evaluative study explores patients', proxies' and their associates' motivation to participate in the KOPAL-study and views on the (benefits of the) intervention. Methods: We interviewed 13 male and 10 female patients as well as 14 proxies of patients with dementia and six associates of study participants using a semi-structured interview guide. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed with deductive-inductive qualitative content analysis. Results: Motivation for participation was driven by curiosity, the aim to please the GP or to support research, respectively to help other patients. Few interviewees pointed out to have expected positive effects for themselves. The nurse visit was evaluated very positively. Positive changes concerning health care or quality of life were reported sparsely. Most study participants did not prepare for the SPHC nurse assessment. They had no expectations concerning potential benefits of such an assessment, the interdisciplinary case conference and an early integration of palliative care. The majority of interviewees reported that they did not talk about the nurse visit and the interprofessional case conference with their GPs. Conclusion: Our results lead to the conclusion that SPHC nurses can serve as an advocate for the patient and thereby support the patients' autonomy. GPs should actively discuss the results of the interdisciplinary case conference with patients and collaboratively decide on further actions. Patient participation in the interdisciplinary case conference could be another way to increase the effects of the intervention by empowering patients to not just passively receive the intervention. Trial registration: DRKS00017795 German Clinical Trials Register, 17Nov2021, version 05. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to thoroughly analyze postoperative consonant errors by tongue cancer (TC) patients with speech disorders and also to investigate the correlation between the pathological factors and the speech performance using our Consonant-based Articulation Assessment Battery (CAAB). Method: The participants were 57 monolingual Mandarin TC patients (26 women, 31 men) after surgery (aged 20-80 years). All participants were literate and had normal vision and hearing, enabling them to comprehend and comply with our instructions. In order to quickly evaluate their articulation performance based on the place and manner of articulation, they were instructed to pronounce the characters in CAAB. The analysis removed speech samples impacted by speakers' dialects, while recording and documenting all other responses. Results: The study uncovered a significant correlation between pathological factors (e.g., size of tongue resection, specific resection site, and tumor size) and the accuracy of consonant articulation. Furthermore, tongue damage predominantly impacts the place of articulation (63.85%) than the manner of articulation (20.78%). The damage in the anterior part of the tongue has the most prominent influence on consonant production. Conclusions: CAAB can fast capture the idiosyncratic characteristics of speech production by TC patients, and the articulation deficits are quite different from other types of organic or nonorganic speech disorders, for example, cleft lip and cleft palate. Hence, CAAB can be designated as an assessment tool for articulation disorders caused by stomatognathic damages. Our findings also shed light on the possible oral cancer surgery plan and the postoperative speech rehabilitation training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Electronic medical records (EMRs) have been widely implemented in Australian hospitals. Their usability and design to support clinicians to effectively deliver and document care is essential, as is their impact on clinical workflow, safety and quality, communication, and collaboration across health systems. Perceptions of, and data about, usability of EMRs implemented in Australian hospitals are key to successful adoption. Objective: To explore perspectives of medical and nursing clinicians on EMR usability utilising free-text data collected in a survey. Method: Qualitative analysis of one free-text optional question included in a web-based survey. Respondents included medical and nursing/midwifery professionals in Australian hospitals (85 doctors and 27 nurses), who commented on the usability of the main EMR used. Results: Themes identified related to the status of EMR implementation, system design, human factors, safety and risk, system response time, and stability, alerts, and supporting the collaboration between healthcare sectors. Positive factors included ability to view information from any location; ease of medication documentation; and capacity to access diagnostic test results. Usability concerns included lack of intuitiveness; complexity; difficulties communicating with primary and other care sectors; and time taken to perform clinical tasks. Conclusion: If the benefits of EMRs are to be realised, there are good reasons to address the usability challenges identified by clinicians. Easy solutions that could improve the usability experience of hospital-based clinicians include resolving sign-on issues, use of templates, and more intelligent alerts and warnings to avoid errors. Implications: These essential improvements to the usability of the EMR, which are the foundation of the digital health system, will enable hospital clinicians to deliver safer and more effective health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Significant societal and technological changes in the 2010s called for an up-to-date understanding of the digital divide among older adults in the United States. This trend study aimed to examine the effects of race/ethnicity and the intersecting effects of race/ethnicity with other marginalized identities related to gender, income, education, and occupation on the first- and second-level digital divide. Research Design and Methods Utilizing a nationally representative sample of older community dwellers from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, we conducted weighted logistic regressions at 3 time points (2011/2013, 2015, and 2019). The first-level digital divide was measured by access to working phones or computers/laptops; the second-level divide was measured by 7 activities in personal task, social, and health-related Internet use. Results The first-level racial/ethnic digital divide became nonsignificant in 2019, whereas the disparities in all second-level measures persisted. The intersecting effects of race/ethnicity with low education and/or low income became nonsignificant in 2019 for personal-task use. However, the interactions with low education and/or low income became significant for social and health-related use in 2015 and/or 2019. Discussion and Implications This study highlights the persistence of the second-level racial/ethnic digital divide among older community dwellers in the United States, especially the exacerbated social and health-related digital divide for people of color with low socioeconomic status. By considering intersections of marginalized social identities, policymakers and stakeholders should develop targeted strategies to bridge the digital divide, promote health outcomes, and reduce health disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In older people with a chronic respiratory disease, we explored (i) usual Smartphone application (App) use, (ii) the time taken to download and use an App, and (iii) changes in self-efficacy for downloading an App after a single practice session. Methods: Participants were invited to attend one or two separate assessment sessions (Part A and B). Those who attended Part A had data pertaining to their App usage over the previous week extracted from their Smartphone. Those who attended Part B were asked to download and use a pedometer App and "think out loud" during the task. Before and after the task, participants rated their self-efficacy for downloading an App using a Visual Analogue Scale (0–10). Results: Twenty-seven participants (mean ± SD 74 ± 5 years) completed Part A. Commonly used Apps related to communication (e.g., texting; median [interquartile range] 15 [9–25] min/day) and interest (e.g., news; 14 [4–50] min/day). Fifteen participants completed Part B (mean ± SD 73 ± 7 years). The median time taken to download and use the App was 24 (22–37) min. The "think out loud" data converged into four domains: (i) low self-efficacy for using and learning Apps; (ii) reliance on others for help; (iii) unpleasant emotional responses; and (iv) challenges due to changes associated with longevity. Self-efficacy increased by 4 (95% confidence interval: 3–6). Conclusion: This population used Apps mainly to facilitate social connection. It took participants almost half an hour to download and use an App, but a single practice session improved self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop, pilot, and evaluate a culturally grounded, family-based program to prevent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among low-income and Indigenous children aged 10 to 14. The Tiwahe Wicagwicayapi program (TWP) is a 7-session program that teaches skills to prevent ACEs and is rooted in Lakota culture, language, and history. METHODS: A total of 124 families (124 caregivers [96% Indigenous; 90% reported yearly income <$40 000] with 194 children aged 10 to 14 [93% Indigenous]) were randomly assigned to treatment (N = 66 families and 173 individuals) or waitlist (N = 58 families and 145 individuals) control groups. Caregivers and children completed a baseline, immediate posttest, and 6-month follow-up survey. RESULTS: Treatment effects were detected, indicating, compared with control participants, reductions in the incidence of child ACEs (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.64), bullying victimization (odds ratio = 0.53), depression (d = -0.20), and externalizing behaviors (d = -0.23) and increased parent-child communication (g = 0.27) and child help-seeking behaviors (d = 0.28). For caregivers, the effects indicated that the program prevented intimate partner violence victimization (IRR = 0.36) and perpetration (IRR = 0.45), harsh parenting (g = -0.35), and depression (d = -0.24) and increased emotion regulation (d = 0.37), social support (d = 0.33), and cultural connection (d = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS: The TWP holds great promise in preventing ACEs among low-income, Indigenous children, showing potential promise for widespread public health impact. Future rigorous research on the TWP is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informed by the social ecological model, which asserts that health behaviors and beliefs are the result of multiple levels of influence, we examined factors related to parents' support for in-school COVID-19 mitigation strategies. Using data from a survey of 567 parents/caregivers of public elementary and middle school students in eight Maryland counties, we employed regression models to examine relationships between parent-, child-, family-, school-, and community-level factors and acceptability of mitigation strategies. Acceptance of COVID-19 mitigation strategies was positively correlated with child- and family-level factors, including child racial identity (parents of Black children were more accepting than those of White children, odds ratio [ OR ]: 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.5, 4.1]), parent receipt of the COVID-19 vaccine (OR : 2.4, 95% CI = [1.5, 3.7]), and parent Democrat or Independent political affiliation (compared with Republican affiliation, OR : 4.2, 95% CI = [2.6, 6.7]; OR : 2.2, 95%CI = [1.3, 3.8], respectively). Acceptance was also positively associated with parents' perceptions of their school's mitigation approach, including higher school mitigation score, indicating more intensive mitigation policies (OR : 1.1, 95% CI = [1.0, 1.1]), better school communication about COVID-19 (OR : 1.7, 95% CI = [1.4, 1.9]) and better school capacity to address COVID-19 (OR : 1.9, 95% CI = [1.5, 2.4]). Community-level factors were not associated with acceptance. Child- and parent-level factors identified suggest potential groups for messaging regarding mitigation strategies. School-level factors may play an important role in parents' acceptance of in-school mitigation strategies. Schools' capacity to address public health threats may offer an underappreciated and modifiable setting for disseminating and reinforcing public health guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration funding, Michigan State University (MSU) Extension partnered with MSU's Family Medicine and Health Department of Northwest Michigan to implement trainings for community members and health care providers to increase awareness and improve prevention efforts addressing opioid use disorder (OUD) in rural areas. We formed the Michigan Substance Use Prevention, Education and Recovery (MiSUPER) project to design and evaluate opioid misuse prevention trainings. A socio-ecological prevention model was an underlying conceptual framework for this project and drove strategies used in trainings, products created, and measurement. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of one-time online educational training events for rural community members and health care providers on community OUD issues, treatment options, and supports for those in recovery. Between 2020 and 2022, rural participants completed pre- and posttraining, and 30-day follow-up evaluation surveys. We report the demographic characteristics of community (n = 451) and provider (n = 59) participants, self-reported knowledge gained, and overall perceptions of the trainings. Findings show community members' knowledge increased from pre- to posttraining (p <.001) and was maintained at 3 months, while providers' knowledge was unchanged over time. Posttraining, community participants felt more comfortable speaking about addiction with family and friends (p <.001), and providers had better knowledge of local resources for patients who could not afford opioid misuse treatments (p <.05). All participants reported gaining knowledge of community resources for opioid misuse prevention, treatment, and recovery (p <.01). Opioid misuse prevention trainings may be most effective when adapted to leverage local resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To illuminate child healthcare nurses' experiences of communication with 4‐year‐old children during their visit to the child healthcare center. Design: A qualitative method, using data collected from individual interviews. Sample: Fifteen semistructured interviews with nurses working in a child healthcare center. Measurements: The results were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three themes and eight subthemes: Adapting to the child in the conversation, based on the subthemes Preparing for the visit, Listening in and observing, and Creating a welcoming environment; Combining strategies for the conversation, based on the subthemes Engaging the child, Using visual tools, and Parental involvement; and Challenges due to language barriers, based on the subthemes Using an interpreter and Parent acts as interpreter. Conclusion: Child healthcare nurses focus on the child when communicating and strive to create joy and a welcoming environment. The communication strategies employed during the visit include engaging the child directly, involving parents in the conversation, and balancing the parental involvement. Communication challenges related to language barriers are addressed, particularly during interpreter‐assisted conversations. The study indicates a need for tailored strategies, collaboration, and sensitivity to ensure a child‐centered approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tailored sexuality education for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities is a crucial, yet unmet, need as this population is particularly at risk for sexual abuse and victimisation. However, there are no evidence‐based interventions to specifically address this need. This paper presents the development of an intervention framework to address equity in sexuality education and support adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities to understand and provide sexual consent, a foundational aspect of sexuality education and sexual health. Methods: The Sexual Health Equity Project team used a Community‐Based Participatory Research approach to develop a four‐module sexual consent intervention for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. We leveraged a diverse, interdisciplinary team in a suburban Midwestern school district, and used Backward Design to create objectives and assessments which were rooted in findings from qualitative data by special education teachers. Results: The resulting sexual consent intervention, Ask Me First—Choices, is comprised of four modules covering topics including definition of sexual consent; decision‐making strategies and practice; communicating consent and refusal, identifying situations of consent and non‐consent; and legal issues surrounding consent. Each module is divided into five components for content delivery: (1) introduction, (2) lecture, (3) supplemental activity, (4) assessment, and (5) conclusion. We detail the intervention's unique aspects, emphasising areas where we used Universal Design for Learning principles to support teachers' instruction and students' learning. Conclusion: Our efforts to create a sexual consent intervention directly address sexuality education equity issues. We offer commentary on our design process and decisions, as well as recommendations for future groups who want to develop sexual health interventions in similar contexts for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Next steps include further testing and validation of the sexual consent intervention to build the evidence‐base of sexuality education for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To describe the development process of a device from the conception of the idea to the first contact with the commercial environment, and to demonstrate its practical application through an interdisciplinary collaboration between nursing and engineering for the design of a protective device for peripheral venous catheters. Background: Nurses are key agents for identifying unresolved needs or problems related to nursing care. To address these needs, creative ideation processes are often triggered among nurses to seek technological answers to these challenges. Results: The ten steps to develop a device are presented: (1) detecting an unsatisfied clinical need; (2) searching for preexisting marketed products; (3) searching for patents; (4) maintaining confidentiality throughout the process; (5) obtaining institutional support; (6) forming a multidisciplinary team; (7) developing the idea; (8) applying for a patent; (9) building the prototype; (10) marketing the device. This methodology was applied to design a protective device for peripheral venous catheters in hospitalized patients. Conclusions: Nurses can play a key role in the promotion of healthcare innovation in their field to improve procedures, thanks to their direct contact with patients, and by providing their insight on devices that can enhance patient care. The successful interdisciplinary collaboration between nurses and engineers can provide a response to relevant clinical problems such as the manipulation or removal of peripheral venous catheters. Implications for nursing and/or health policy: A hospital policy is required to encourage the participation of nurses in innovative actions. Furthermore, it is important to support nurse leaders who can play a pivotal role in incorporating creativity into work environments and empowering other nurses to innovatively address clinical issues. No patient or public contribution: This article describes the process for developing a health device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate stories of life's greatest challenge among men in late adulthood from a narrative and developmental perspective. The investigations focused on narrative processes and the content of challenge narratives in relation to satisfaction with life and generativity. Narrative processes were analyzed using existing frameworks (Eriksson et al. Identity 20:157–169, 2020). The study showed negative, neutral/vague, redemptive, and a combination of positive and negative emotional sequences, among which negative sequencing was the most common. An additional narrative theme, metareflections of challenges as part of life, involved the conclusion that hardship is simply part of what one may expect from life. Analyses of types of challenges revealed six categories and a secondary coding the adversity of the challenges. In contrast to expectations, redemptive sequencing was not associated with either higher satisfaction with life or generativity. The few differences that emerged in the subsequent analyses showed that participants whose challenges were coded as not expected and potentially disruptive had significantly lower satisfaction with life and lower mean age when the challenge occurred. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the saliency of the challenges' timing and adversity. Negative framing was common in the challenge narratives of the men in late adulthood, without being negatively associated with satisfaction with life or generativity. The role of negative emotional sequencing in this study adds new perspectives to the emphasis on redemption and positive emotionality for well-being and generativity in later adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Approximately 20% to 40% of children with hearing loss encounter psychosocial difficulties. This prevalence may be outdated, given the advancements in hearing technology and rehabilitation efforts to enhance the psychosocial well-being of these children. A systematic review of up-to-date literature can help to identify factors that may contribute to the children's psychosocial well-being. Design/Study sample: A systematic review was conducted. Original articles were identified through systematic searches in Embase, Medline, PsychINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection. The quality of the papers was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and custom Reviewers' Criteria. Results: A search was performed on 20 October 2022. A total of 1561 articles were identified, and 36 were included for review. Critical appraisal led to 24 good to fair quality articles, and 12 poor quality articles. Conclusion: Children with hearing loss have a twofold risk of experiencing psychosocial difficulties compared to normal hearing peers. Estimates for functioning in social interactions, like speech perception (in noise) or language proficiency, have proven to be more adequate predictors for psychosocial difficulties than the degree of hearing loss. Our findings can be useful for identifying children at risk for difficulties and offering them earlier and more elaborate psychological interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language-led dementias, collectively called primary progressive aphasia (PPA), are caused by relatively focal damage to the language networks of the brain. The progressive language decline of PPA is associated with negative effects on quality of life; depression, hopelessness, and grief; and higher levels of economic burden for the individuals and their families. Although communication impairments are the primary symptoms at onset, people with PPA often receive minimal to no support for their communication needs. This scoping review aimed to explore what is currently known within the existing peer-reviewed research literature about the communication needs of people with PPA and their family members, from the perspectives of people with PPA, their family, and speech-language pathologists. A secondary aim was to identify the research approaches used in the included studies. Four databases were searched. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Analysis of the eligible studies revealed eight broad areas of communication need for people with PPA: Language; Social communication; Everyday communication; Conversation; Social connection; Communication with people other than the family member; Support and coping with communication difficulties; and Education and information. The latter five areas were also identified for family members: Conversation; Social connection; Communication with people other than the family member; Support and coping with the communication difficulties of the person with PPA; and Education and information. The findings provide an initial overview of communication needs for this population and point to key avenues for future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study evaluated a brief, informant-based autism interview: the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview – Adult Version (3Di-Adult). Feasibility, reliability and validity of the Dutch 3Di-Adult was tested amongst autistic participants (n = 62) and a non-autistic comparison group (n = 30) in the Netherlands. The 3Di-Adult consists of two scales based on DSM-5 criteria: A scale 'Social communication and social interaction' and B scale 'Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities'. ROC curves were used to determine cut-off scores for the A and the B scale, using an ASD diagnosis made by an independent clinician as the criterion. Mean administration time was 42 min. Internal consistency of the A scale (α = 0.92) and the B scale (α = 0.85) were good. Inter-rater reliability (ICCs = 0.99) and inter-rater agreement (ICCs ≥ 0.90) were promising. The 3Di-Adult showed good sensitivity (80.6%) and specificity (93.3%). Positive and negative predictive value were 96.2% and 70.0% respectively. Comparisons with the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Short to investigate the convergent validity showed moderate, significant correlations with the 3Di-Adult in the total sample. Males, as compared to females, displayed significantly more autistic features on the 3Di-Adult. No relationship was found of the 3Di-Adult with education level, intelligence and age of the participants or informants. The feasibility and psychometric properties of the Dutch 3Di-Adult are promising, indicating that it can be a time-efficient, valid and reliable tool to use in diagnosing autism in adults according to DSM-5 criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we argue that one of the variables that may influence perceived inequality in everyday life is cultural differences in relational mobility. We examined this research question across two cross‐cultural studies in Japan (Study 1, N = 196; Study 2, N = 214) and Spain (Study 1, N = 199; Study 2, 199), two countries that differ in their relational mobility levels. In Study 1, we contrasted two competing hypotheses: On the one hand, it could be predicted that individuals in countries with high relational mobility perceive greater inequality due to increased exposure to diverse social networks. On the other hand, it is also plausible that in contexts of high relational mobility, people perceive less inequality as they selectively choose to interact with individuals who share similar social backgrounds. Results supported the former hypotheses and showed that people in a country high in relational mobility (i.e. Spain) tend to perceive more economic inequality (vs. Japan, a country low in relational mobility). Moreover, we found an indirect effect of this cross‐cultural difference through the cultural affordances for meeting new people (i.e. one of the dimensions of relational mobility). In Study 2, we preregistered and replicated these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Saudi Arabia, the lack of female role models and the absence of mentoring and support programmes have contributed to the limited progression of female graduates into STEM professions. In this study, we present a shift in the design of e-mentoring models for younger generations to enable less committed and more flexible relationships between mentors and mentees. Qudwa is an unplatformed STEM e-mentoring system designed to facilitate communication between female Saudi professional mentors and young female mentees through existing social media technologies and practices. The design of Qudwa is based on three design requirements: (1) flexibility and control; (2) integration of e-mentoring with daily used online tools; and (3) visibility. We show the potential of existing technologies and social media platforms to facilitate a new form of e-mentoring and conclude with several design recommendations. This work encourages further investigation into e-mentoring in the context of Saudi Arabia and similar contexts and examination of different applications of unplatforming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live streaming shopping (LSS) has become a means of increasing sales and has become a crucial research topic. Drawing on uncertainty reduction theory, parasocial relationship theory, and social influence theory, this study develops a research model to investigate the factors affecting LSS viewers' continued watching and purchase intentions. The results indicate that the real-time multiparty interactivity of LSS offers information from two sources that can satisfy the long-term viewers' needs for information. The first is the viewer's perceived affinity with the streamer based on the information shared by the streamer. These perceptions lead to the development of a parasocial relationship, promoting identification with the streamer. The second is the shared communication network (SCN) comprising the audience watching the LSS content. This SCN generates social influence; coviewers' endorsements and trustworthiness are internalised and influence the perceived credibility of the streamer and can promote identification with the streamer. Parasocial relationships, credibility, and identification with the streamer increase viewers' intention to continue to watch LSS content and to purchase the products sold by the streamer. This study contributes to the LSS literature by investigating the influence of viewer–viewer interactions and highlighting the importance of the SCN in maintaining streamer–viewer relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engaging the public and community organizations in local health actions greatly assists disease prevention and control. However, it remains unclear how organization-public relationships (OPR) and communication networks within communities contribute to community health actions. To fill this gap, a survey was conducted among community members in Shanghai, China, who were challenged by the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed that integrated connectedness to a storytelling network (ICSN) was a significant predictor of residents' community engagement. Trust, control mutuality, commitment, and ICSN were positively associated with community engagement intentions through the sense of community and organizational efficacy. This study is a step toward understanding how organizations and members collectively respond to health crises at the community level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effects of message framing (loss vs. gain) and format (narrative vs. expository) on intentions to discuss flu vaccination with a close social referent. We test the effects of video messages using a two-wave web-based randomized experiment among adults in Israel (baseline: N = 429, one-month follow-up: N = 241). Exposure to narrative messages was positively associated with intentions to discuss flu vaccination. Exposure to loss-framed messages was positively associated with increased likelihood of discussing vaccination with the referent at follow-up. Effects of message framing and format were moderated by concern for the referent's health. Findings support the use of persuasive messages to motivate interpersonal conversation to promote vaccination. Results contribute to theory on risk-framing by showing that audiences may evaluate loss-framed messages according to their risk perceptions, when greater concern for health risks motivate action, not only for one's own health but for another person's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although addressing cultural and religious practices is important in providing mental health care, little research exists on understanding mental health issues of minority groups such as Muslim immigrant women. We employed an intersectional approach to examine beliefs and attitudes toward mental health issues among Muslim immigrant women in Canada. Four focus groups (21 participants) were conducted, and 101 surveys were collected in Ottawa, Canada. Three core themes emerged from thematic content analysis of focus group data that relate to participants' communication about: 1) stressors, 2) mental health care seeking, and 3) utilizing coping strategies. The survey data were analyzed using independent samples t-test and One-Way ANOVA, the results of which supported the qualitative findings that social stigma was an important obstacle preventing those women from seeking professional mental health services. Muslim women with South and Southeast Asian cultural/ethnic backgrounds were more likely to get help from professionals than those with African cultural/ethnic backgrounds. No group differences were found in age, family income, and employment status. Broadly, the findings underscore the importance of developing knowledge about the intersections among gender, religion, cultural identity, immigration status, and social stigma that influence beliefs and attitudes toward mental health issues. Specifically, the findings point to the need for an intersectional approach that offers a more nuanced understanding for tailoring mental health care to Muslim immigrant women's needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of physician-patient communication on patient health outcomes has been globally known. Poor communication in clinical settings, including in telemedicine visits, has been identified as a key barrier to successful medical consultation. This barrier is even more prevalent among people from linguistically and culturally diverse communities. This study investigated the influence of physician-patient communication on telemedicine patient health outcomes in Indonesia, a developing country with great linguistic and cultural diversity. This study utilized secondary data from a telemedicine utilization survey conducted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Socioeconomic factors and communication features were included as predictors of patients' health improvement. Logistic regressions were utilized to examine the significance of the communication features on patients' health. The analysis results indicated that five communication features including the adequacy of consultation length, a timely physician response, the provision of an explanation of the medication and possible side effects, the patient's ability to utter their physical condition and opinion regarding medication goals, and the patient's ability to comprehend physician explanations and instructions were significantly associated with the patient's health outcomes. Physicians and healthcare providers should focus on the provision of communication features revealed in this study to elevate the likelihood of improved health conditions in telemedicine patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Care provider communication with Black birthing families is impactful. This cross-sectional study asked 216 Black fathers to recall treatment by birthing care providers and tested variables contributing to birth satisfaction and fathering identity salience. Most fathers reported that care providers were respectful resulting in a positive birthing experience; however, 15% reported negative experiences with care providers. Perceived social support was shown to be a mediator between disrespect, mistreatment, inclusive communication, trust, and positive emotion with birth satisfaction and fathering identity salience. Care provider disrespect served as a "spoiler" of the birthing experience and subsequently diminished positive fathering identity salience. Analysis of open-ended comments showed that contrary to stereotypes about absent, disengaged Black fathers, fathers in this study were caring toward their newborns, present for them, and engaged in fathering. More work needs to be done with care provider communication to make every birth a positive and inclusive experience for Black fathers and their partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative communication between partners can impede the enactment of prosocial, relationship maintenance behaviors. These processes are especially critical to consider for Latine young adults who hold cultural values, like familism, which emphasize the great importance of personal relationships. Using a sample of 475 Latine young adults (M = 24.8 years, SD = 3.22), we examined the moderating role of familism on the association between negative communication (e.g., partners' propensity to withdraw or criticize during interactions) and relationship maintenance (e.g., affectionate and supportive efforts to sustain the relationship). We found that negative communication was inversely associated with individuals' own relationship maintenance enactment. However, familism buffered the association between negative communication and relationship maintenance; under conditions of high familism, the association between negative communication and relationship maintenance remained negative, but with a weaker effect than under conditions of low familism. Findings reinforce the negative effects of maladaptive communication in relationships more broadly and highlight the protective role of relationally oriented cultural values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online dating and dating apps are meant to help sexual minorities find romantic partners, but they have also presented challenges and obstacles. Based on 27 in-depth interviews with lesbian, gay, and bisexual dating app users living in Taiwan, this exploratory study proposes the concept of hyperpersonal failure as a holistic framework for understanding these challenges. This framework specifies four types of failure, each corresponding to one element in the original hyperpersonal communication model: the failure to present oneself (online daters as the sender), the failure to meet conversational expectations (the channel), the failure to develop positive impressions of the targets (online daters as the receiver), and the failure to obtain responses (the feedback). The study also discusses how the affordances of online environments contribute to hyperpersonal failure. Overall, the framework has the potential to shed light on online dating in general, extending beyond the experiences of sexual minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Couples' joint coping is important in managing the impact of breast cancer. However, measures assessing couples' communication as a way of coping are insufficient. This study aimed to generate a self-report valid and reliable measure of couples' coping with a particular focus on communication. Method: We used baseline data of 343 couple dyads who participated in a randomized clinical trial targeting marital communication. Women were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer in the past eight months; couples were married or in an intimate relationship for at least six months, could read and write English, and lived within 100 miles of the study center. An expert panel selected items with conceptual fit from the Mutuality and Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale (MIS) that was originally designed to evaluate marital communication about breast cancer. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a 12-item measurement model with four factors: Keeping the communication open with each other about breast cancer (4 items), Sharing a positive outlook on breast cancer (2 items), Avoiding discussion of negative thoughts and feelings about breast cancer (3 items), and Spending sufficient time together talking about breast cancer (3 items). Reliability ranged from 0.76 to 0.87 for women and 0.70 to 0.83 for spouses. Conclusion: This new measure has potential application in clinical practice and future research to assess couple's joint coping efforts especially through communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participation in decision-making is crucial to healthcare workers collaborating across professions. Important correlates of participation in decision-making include task interdependence, informational role self-efficacy, and beliefs in the benefits of interprofessional collaboration. We hypothesised that although task interdependence is directly related to participation in decision-making, the relationship is mediated by informational role self-efficacy. Beliefs in the benefits in interprofessional collaboration act as a mediator. A sample of 315 mental healthcare workers answered validated questionnaires. Conditional processing was used to test the moderated mediation. Generally, the results confirmed our hypotheses. There was a direct relationship between task interdependence and participation in decision-making and it was mediated by informational role self-efficacy, and both relationships depend on whether healthcare workers believe in the benefits of interprofessional collaboration. However, although the moderation effect of beliefs in the benefits of interprofessional collaboration between task interdependence and informational role self-efficacy was positive, the moderation effect was negative for the relationship between task interdependence and participation in decision-making. Although there is an inherent logic in the positive relationships that were found, the negative moderation might be explained by the contrast between the structural view and the volitional view of task interdependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interprofessional communication is crucial for patient care, yet there is a dearth of comprehensive assessment tools essential to train and assess healthcare students. While the Interprofessional Educational Collaborative framework (IPEC) outlines eight sub-competencies, it lacks detailed behavioral indicators. This study aimed to create a repository of interprofessional communication behaviors to complement the IPEC sub-competencies. From 12,448 articles, 55 were selected and thematically analyzed with NVivo18®. We identified 230 interprofessional communication behaviors, organized into 10 themes and 61 sub-themes, aligning with the IPEC sub-competencies. This comprehensive repository could be foundational for developing interprofessional communication assessment tools in healthcare education and aiding healthcare institutions in improving interprofessional communication practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While a growing body of interprofessional education (IPE) literature demonstrates a positive impact on learner knowledge, there is limited data on its long-term impact on collaborative practice (CP). With the growth of the aging population globally, understanding both the long-term impact on CP and sustainability of community-based geriatric experiential IPE programs are imperative. This study explores the impact of the Interprofessional Geriatric Curriculum (IPGC), a community-based geriatric IPE program, on post-graduate clinical practice among seven health professions. This study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive design, where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected in the same online survey of health professionals' to measure their perceptions of the impact IPGC has had on their respective clinical practice 1–3 years post-graduation. Forty-six per cent of health profession graduates provided clinical care for people 65 years of age or older; 81% worked in interprofessional teams; 80% reported the IPGC experience significantly impacted their practice (N = 137), and all used validated assessment tools taught in the IPGC program in their practice. Eight themes emerged from the list of what health professionals learned from IPGC that they use regularly in their clinical practice: four themes were interprofessional in nature (i.e. teamwork and team-based care, interprofessional communication, roles/responsibilities, and personal/professional) and four themes related to geriatrics (i.e. aging, screening and assessment, medications, and didactic content). This study is one of the first to describe the sustained influence of a community-based IPE program across multiple health professional disciplines on clinical geriatric practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until December 2020, Spanish primary schools were not required to provide any kind of sexuality education, and most teachers did not receive training to carry it out. However, sexuality is clearly present in children's daily lives in school. We carried out qualitative research with teachers from four primary schools in Catalonia (Spain), aiming to explore how teachers without specific training in sexuality approach the issues in the classroom. Our analysis shows that teachers in the four schools governed children's sexuality in a gendered manner, using communicative vigilance and surveillance to regulate how children touched their own genitals. Findings suggest the need for continuing professional development and training to ensure teachers (re)think what adults may communicate to children about sexuality and gender when they have not received training in relationships and sex education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Targeting is a communication strategy in which a message is designed to address a particular group. It has been postulated that targeting increases message relevance; however, researchers are still explicating relevance and its impact on downline cognitive processes (e.g. message quality, cognitive cost). The current study addresses both gaps by evaluating the impact of targeted materials for White and African American audiences. Design: Adult women (N = 266) aged 18-74 (Mage = 47.12, SD = 1.40) were recruited to participate in a 2 (targeting: multiracial, African American) × 2 (race: White participants, African American participants) × 2 (topic: Hypertension, Environmental Breast Cancer) message experiment. Results: Across both topics, African American participants in the African American condition had reduced cognitive costs, increased message clarity, and increased message relevance. An indirect serial mediation model was supported wherein the relationship between targeting and behavioral intention was mediated by perceived relevance and perceived message quality. Conclusion: Targeting enhances perceived message relevance which, in turn, impacts behavioral intentions via perceived message quality. This model is consistent with the postulates of relevance theory and informs both intervention design and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To develop a framework for understanding the stress appraisal process among acute care nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design: A secondary analysis of open‐ended responses from a cross‐sectional survey of 3030 frontline, acute care nurses in New Jersey and the effect of burnout during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods: Lazarus and Folkman's transactional model of stress and coping guided the study. Thematic analysis was used to analyse 1607 open‐ended responses. Results: Nine themes emerged during the secondary appraisal of stress. Five themes contributed to distress and burnout including (1) high patient acuity with scarce resources, (2) constantly changing policies with inconsistent messaging, (3) insufficient PPE, (4) unprepared pandemic planning and (5) feeling undervalued. Four themes led to eustress and contributed to post‐traumatic growth including (1) team nursing to ensure sufficient resource allocation, (2) open channels of communication, (3) sense‐ of‐duty and (4) personal strength from new possibilities. Conclusion: The COVID‐19 pandemic was a traumatic event for patients and the nursing workforce. Internal and external demands placed on acute care nurses increased burnout, however, a subset of nurses with adequate support experienced personal growth. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: Beyond mental health interventions for acute care nurses, organizational interventions such as reevaluation of emergency action plans to optimize resource allocation, and work environment strategies such as improved communication and decision‐making transparency are necessary. Impact: To better understand how frontline acute care nurses experienced stress during COVID‐19, a data‐informed framework was developed that included a primary and secondary appraisal of stress. Themes contributing to distress and burnout were identified, and themes leading to eustress and post‐traumatic growth were also identified. These findings can assist nurse leaders in optimizing strategies to reduce burnout and promote post‐traumatic growth in the post‐COVID years. Reporting Method: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the extent to which individuals deliberately avoid the topic of pornography use with their partner and how such avoidance influences the association between pornography use and sexual satisfaction. We reasoned that such communicative avoidance may account for some of the negative relational effects associated with pornography use. A sample of 191 participants in mixed-sex relationships completed online measures of pornography use, sexual satisfaction, and domain-specific and overall measures of communicative avoidance. Men tended to avoid the topic of pornography use more than other topics that have the potential to cause relationship conflict. Women did not avoid the topic of pornography use more or less than other relationship topics. Controlling for pornography use, men and women who were more likely to avoid the topic of pornography use were less likely to be sexually satisfied; this association remained significant for men (but not women) after controlling their overall communicative avoidance. Lastly, men who were high pornography users and reported high levels of overall communication avoidance were most likely to report lower sexual satisfaction. Our findings underscore the need to pay careful attention to relational processes and dynamics when investigating the influence of pornography use on intimate relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is a country with a strong tradition of family-centered care, and family members are the main caregivers for children with disabilities. This article aims to explore how they overcome difficulties when faced with challenges and to examine the emergence of family resilience. This study adopted a qualitative research method, and two rounds of in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 families. The findings combined family resilience theory and inductive themes from empirical experiences. As a result of the stigma associated with disability, such families may feel ashamed and lose their 'face'. Their family belief system includes the destiny view and living in the moment, which allows them to make sense of their situation and maintain a positive outlook. Conclusions revealed how parents perceive their situation and construct their family's organizational and communication patterns to cope with challenges. Points of interest: In China, families of children with disabilities face a wide range of pressures, including stigma associated with disabilities, a heavy economic burden and tense family relationships. Parents and other family members are the primary caregivers of children with disabilities, with the government playing only a supporting role. Family belief system involving living in the moment helps these families to make meaning of their situation and maintain a positive outlook. Families of children with disabilities in China have developed their own culturally-based family organization and communication style to develop resilience. The research recommended that a family-centered social support system should be developed to help these families foster resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and communication technology (ICT) and digital media are less accessible for persons with intellectual disability (ID) but are important for citizenship. The aim was to conceptualize officials understanding of ICT usage among people with ID, and to analyze the possible influence of this understanding on the provision of services for people with ID. A qualitative study was conducted, using semi-structured interviews with municipal officials and politicians in the disability service area. Thematic analyses were conducted. ICT use is understood as an arena for democratization. Findings also illustrate the tension between integrity and protection as well as between legal and moral aspects of digital transformation in service provision. This understanding of digitalization is permeated by an individualized approach but conditioned by organizational issues. Disability services can be understood as undergoing digital transformation where regulative and normative elements in this area need to be harmonized to facilitate digitalization successfully. Points of interest: This study examines politicians' and officials' perceptions of the digitalization of intellectual disability services. This is important as it influences the possibility for persons with ID to be online. Digitalization is understood to enable democratization in terms of participation in decision-making, and social activities, and to 'be a part of society' but the support and structure to be online are under construction. The article suggests that the process of digitalization is also about the responsibility of its provision and use, laws, and of morals, and integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) pose significant challenges to couple relationships. Existing research has predominantly focused on the impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on various types of dyads, resulting in significant advances in the field. However, despite a keen interest in transdiagnostic approaches , a comprehensive review addressing dyadic processes underlying the functioning of couple relationships across different NDDs is lacking. This meta-synthesis aimed to fill this gap by identifying, analysing, and integrating findings from qualitative studies examining couples facing different NDDs. Searches were conducted in four databases, identifying 35 articles meeting several inclusion criteria. A thematic synthesis was performed, identifying three interdependent themes : 'Disease-related challenges', 'Dyadic interactions', and 'Dyadic identity'. They emphasise that stress, social changes, the perception of time, and uncertainty are major challenges for partners.They also show how dyadic interactions such as communication are transformed and how partners strive to maintain their shared identity despite the progressive loss of the relationship's core components. This synthesis highlights key implications for clinical practice and future research, including the need to integrate disease-specific characteristics to interventions and understand the couple's functioning patterns and their evolution throughout the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious and Congenital Syphilis rates continue to rise globally. Current recommendations for syphilis screening and treatment may be insufficient, and there is a pressing need for improved programs and services to address the increase in cases. A scoping review was conducted to examine approaches to maternal syphilis screening and treatment. Theoretical underpinnings and the key characteristics of these interventions were studied to identify gaps in the existing literature to guide future research. Developing a modified version of the socio-ecological model to guide data analysis, we included 33 academic studies spanning 31 years, covering a range of interventions, programs, and policies globally. We highlight key facets of interventions aligning with the five levels of the modified model that include: individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and policy. In this review, we provide valuable insights into the characteristics and principles of maternal syphilis screening and treatment interventions. Even with advances in care, there remain many similarities in interventions for the improved treatment and screening of maternal syphilis over the past 30 years. There is a need for meaningful research that engages community members in study and intervention development and considers the social determinants of health in the context of maternal syphilis care. Examining interventions in relation to the socio-ecological model may help guide policymakers, researchers, and clinicians in intervention development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores lay perceptions of mental health among Afghan forced migrants in Finland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants. Reflexive thematic analysis was used as the method of analysis. The analysis produced two main themes: external symptoms (changes in physical appearance and behavior) and internal symptoms (burdensome feelings and sensations). Participants rarely used explicit mental health terminology, preferring nuanced culture-specific, individual expressions, and indirect communication about stress and trauma. This study contributes to the understanding of Afghan forced migrants' lay perceptions of mental health and calls for culturally-safe approaches in social work and mental health services for forced migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ethnographic study explores how South Korean parents understand their language use as a significant resource for their children's education. By expanding the concept of 'talk labour', this article examines how South Korean parents report on managing their day‐to‐day communication with their children as part of their educational work and how they conceptualize and evaluate their talk labour in different ways according to their socioeconomic backgrounds. Acknowledging the multifaceted dimensions of talk labour, we can better understand the diverse strategies employed by South Korean parents in relation to their aspirations for their children's futures as well as their aspirations to become 'good parents'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposed and tested the cross-sectional effects of patient-centered communication (PCC) on cancer screening behaviors via an affective-cognitive sequential chain of mediation through cancer worry and health self-efficacy. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from four iterations of the Health Information National Trends Survey (2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020). The results found that lowered cancer worry following PCC does not show a cross-sectional positive effect in promoting cancer screening behaviors, while enhanced health self-efficacy as a subsequent state is a facilitator of screening behaviors. The findings further demonstrated increased PCC, a rise in cancer worry, and a sustained level of health self-efficacy. Also, our research has identified an upward trend in cancer screening behaviors from 2011 to 2017, followed by a notable decrease in 2020. These insights underscore the nuanced ways PCC can foster cancer screening behaviors, emphasizing the importance of emotional and cognitive aspects in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: Communication is a key factor in intraprofessional collaboration between hospital nurses and homecare nurses in hospital‐to‐home transitions of older patients with complex care needs. Gaining knowledge of the nature of cross‐sectoral communication is crucial for understanding how nurses collaborate to ensure a seamless patient trajectory. This study explores how cross‐sectoral electronic health records communication influences collaboration between hospital nurses and homecare nurses when discharging older patients with complex care needs. Method: The study is based on qualitative group interviews with six hospital nurses and 14 homecare nurses working at different hospitals and municipalities across Denmark. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, as described by Braun and Clark. Findings: The themes Collecting pieces for the 'puzzle': Losing the holistic picture of the patient; Working blindfolded: limited provision of and access to critical information; and Bypassing the 'invisible wall': dialogue supports cohesion illustrate the impact of organisational structures within electronic health records have on hospital nurses' and homecare nurses' intraprofessional collaboration across sectors. Challenges with predefined and word‐limited elements in digital communication, and inadequate and limited access to significant medical information were identified. To compensate for the inadequacy of the electronic health records, direct contact and dialogue were emphasised as ways of fostering successful collaboration and overcoming the barriers created by electronic health records. Conclusion: Despite hospital nurses' and homecare nurses' desire to conduct holistic patient assessments, their ability to collaborate was hindered by failures in electronic health record communication resulting from restrictive organisational structures across sectors. Thus, it became necessary for hospital nurses and homecare nurses to bypass the electronic health record system and engage in dialogue to provide holistic care when discharging older patients with complex care needs. However, by hospital nurses and homecare nurses compensating for counter‐productive organisational structures, problems brought about by the electronic health record system paradoxically remain invisible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Older people often have multiple health conditions and therefore extended care needs. The transition from the hospital back to their home requires careful planning. The fragmented healthcare system and rapid discharge from the hospital can result in limited involvement of the older patient in the discharge planning process. We aimed to explore how older hospitalised patients experienced the transition from hospital to home and how possibilities and constraints in interactions with relevant parties in the transition affected their everyday lives. Method: An ethnographic participant observation study including interviews was conducted with 10 older hospitalised patients. The theoretical perspective in the study is critical psychology and data were analysed using the condition‐, meaning‐ and reasoning analysis. Results: Three themes were identified: (1) Lost in transition – the person's ability to act is limited, (2) In transition – the relatives become important, (3) At home – the home transforms into a workplace. Conclusion: Lack of involvement becomes a condition for older patients as some struggle to create meaning in their transition, affecting their everyday lives. The patients experienced their relatives as important as they ensured that the HCPs got to know their values and wishes. This knowledge is important for HCPs working closely with older people both at the hospital and at home ensuring active involvement of the older person with respect and acknowledgement of the older person's wishes, needs, resources and vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]