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A large body of literature shows that the emotional health of rural elders in China is negatively affected by the migration of their adult children. However, the precise mechanism that underpins this relationship has yet to be fully uncovered. This paper introduces two new dimensions of analysis to expand the understanding of this 'left behind' phenomenon, and offers statistical insights, theoretical explanations and policy recommendations, as well as suggestions for further study. Firstly, in this paper, rural elders have been distinguished based on whether all , or any , of their adult children have migrated. This distinction leads to the finding that rural elders suffer more adverse mental health impacts when all adult children from a household move away. Secondly, the temporal dimension of migration is investigated, finding that there is a 'turning point' after which the mental health of rural elders appears to recover after the migration of their adult children. Comparison of the two groups shows that rural elders who see any of their adult children migrate recover from depression twice as quickly as those who see all of their children migrate. Receiving financial support or providing child care can only partly mediate the negative influence of migration. Also, the level of depression and wellbeing of rural elders can be significantly moderated by the emotional closeness between them and their adult children. Providing (grand)child-care assistance and receiving economic support is shown to have smaller mitigating effects. This paper concludes with a discussion of how the notion of 'filial piety' could, directly and indirectly, play a role in the emotional health of rural elders, with policy implications provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Higher vocational education is an essential part of the higher education system that complements conventional education. In the context of information and communication technology (ICT) development and academic competition, more and more literature has proved the importance of ICT use in educational development (academic achievement and mental health) and the relationship between information literacy and the educational development of higher vocational students. Objectives: Based on one of the most extensive surveys of higher vocational students, the study combined the Opportunity‐Propensity (O‐P) framework and ecological model to explore the direct effects of different types of ICT use on educational development and the indirect effects from psychological and social factors. Methods: The data involved 28,956 students from seven higher vocational colleges. The class fixed effect and causal mediation analysis models verified the results. Results and Conclusion: The results found differential effects of different types of ICT use on academic achievement and mental health. Information literacy ability can improve the academic achievement of higher vocational students, but at the cost of mental health. ICT use not only directly impacts the academic achievement and mental health, but also has an indirect impact through psychological factors represented by self‐efficacy and technostress and social factors represented by social support. Implications: This study promotes integrating and expanding the O‐P framework and ecological model, enriching the relevant research in ICT use and educational development. Meanwhile, it also provides practical suggestions for realizing rational interventions in ICT use and improving the educational development level of higher vocational students. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Information and communication technology (ICT) use is closely related to the educational development of higher vocational students.The trend of ICT use in higher vocational education has become increasingly apparent.The effects of ICT use are heterogeneous among groups with different information literacy. What this paper adds: O‐P framework and ecological model provide the perspective of theoretical integration.The impact of different types of ICT use on educational development varies.Information literacy can improve academic achievement at the cost of mental health.Psychological and social factors play a mediating role in educational development. Implications for practice and/or policy: The research is helpful to guide students to allocate their time reasonably for different ICT uses.Mental health counselling should be strengthened while cultivating information literacy ability.Develop appropriate ICT usage strategies for students with different information literacy.It is helpful to develop appropriate interventions from a psychological and social perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have demonstrated that psychological needs frustration strongly influences adolescent depression. However, this influence's underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and related protective factors have not been identified. Based on an integration of basic psychological needs theory, the cognitive vulnerability model of depression, and findings regarding the link between psychological suzhi (a Chinese cultural construct that includes a hierarchical and integrated set of positive psychological qualities) and mental health, we assessed a structural equation model examining the mediating role of self-esteem and moderating role of psychological suzhi in the relationship between psychological needs frustration and depression. Participants were 1552 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.30, SD = 0.54, 49.10% male) who effectively completed paper-based questionnaires. The results indicated that psychological needs frustration significantly and positively predicted adolescent depression. Furthermore, the relationship between psychological needs frustration and depression was significantly mediated by self-esteem and significantly moderated by psychological suzhi; specifically, psychological suzhi buffered the association between psychological needs frustration and adolescents' depression. Additionally, we provide further evidence for the relationship between psychological needs frustration and depression, revealing the relevant underlying mechanisms and protective factors; these findings have practical relevance in the prevention and treatment of Chinese adolescents' depression. Highlights: Psychological needs frustration significantly and positively predicted adolescent depression. Self-esteem played a mediating role between psychological needs frustration and depression. Psychological suzhi played a moderating role in the association between psychological needs frustration and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract:Objective: This paper explores the relationship between alcohol consumption and psychological health outcome in an economically underdeveloped area of China. Methods: We conducted convenience sampling and recruited 439 participants at alcohol-related risk as identified by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Well-being and mental health were the primary outcomes. We employed multiple regression analysis to determine the correlation between alcohol consumption and health outcome. Results: Participants with higher scores for alcohol dependence were more likely to obtain higher scores for stress (0.11 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.19]), anxiety (0.15 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.23]) and depression (0.11 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.19]). Similarly, increasing scores for harmful alcohol use items were associated with higher scores for anxiety (0.08 [95% CI: 0.01,0.16]) and stress (0.08 [95% CI: 0.01,0.15]) and lower scores for positiveness (0.07 [95% CI: –0.14, –0.01]). Participants with stable incomes and the ethnic minority reported more favorable psychological outcomes or fewer negative emotions. Conversely, individuals who drank passively were more prone to experiencing lower positive and higher negative psychological effects. Conclusions: Higher scores on measures of alcohol dependence and harmful alcohol use indicate elevated psychological risks. Socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and drinking motivations modified the associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the prevalence, correlates, and developmental consequences of divorce among junior high school students in rural China. Specifically, we investigate the connections between parental divorce and student mental health and academic performance, while also examining whether a student's living arrangement after divorce influences these outcomes. Data were collected from 17,955 students across 122 rural junior high schools in China on their mental health, characteristics, and academic performance. Mental health was measured using the self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. About 8.35 % of the students had divorced parents, with increased risk observed for students who were only children, had migrant mothers, or had higher educated mothers (ORs = 4.35, 29.94, and 1.78, respectively; Bonferroni - adjusted p < 0.05). Students with divorced parents exhibited a higher likelihood of internalizing (0.032), externalizing (0.052) abnormality (Bonferroni - adjusted p < 0.001) and scored 0.203 SD lower on the math test (Bonferroni - adjusted p < 0.001). Living arrangements post-divorce, either with a mother or a father, equally negatively impacted student mental health and academic performance, with a mitigating effect observed when grandparental childcare was provided. Our study faced limitations in assessing the influence of grandparental childcare on coping with parental divorce due to challenges in gauging the extent of such support for students residing with a parent after divorce. This study did not empirically find differences by ethnicity; further in-depth case study is needed to better illuminate the findings. Parental divorce among young students in rural China is associated with adverse developmental outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted programs in rural China to mitigate these risks and provide support for young students with divorced parents. • 8.45 % of 17,955 rural Chinese junior high students have divorced parents. • Only child status, high maternal education, and maternal migration are correlated with divorce. • Students with divorced parents had higher SDQ abnormality risk and lower math test scores. • Living with either parent post-divorce impacts SDQ and math scores; grandparental childcare helps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high incidence of adolescent depression has become the focus of social and academic attention. Exercise is an important method to improve adolescent depression, but its intervention effect is still controversial. This study first compares and analyzes the relevant studies at home and abroad and finds that exercise prescription in adolescent depression intervention is not accurate enough. A meta‐analysis was conducted to develop a precise exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression. Firstly, this thesis identified how to optimize five elements (exercise intensity, exercise frequency, exercise time, exercise cycle, and exercise type) of exercise prescription to improve depression in adolescents. This is the problem. Furthermore, the concept of "precision exercise" was proposed, and a precision exercise intervention strategy (moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise for 8–10 weeks, 3 times/week, 45–50 min/time) was constructed to improve adolescent depression. This paper also presents research that strengthens the cross‐sectional research and empirical research on adolescent depression and establishes a precision exercise prescription database for adolescent depression in China. In conclusion, this study not only puts forward the concept of "precision exercise" but also constructs a precision exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression, which has important theoretical and practical significance for improving the high incidence of adolescent depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the aging population, depressive symptoms and impaired Activities of Daily Living have increased medical costs and mortality, generating severe public health issues. This study reconsiders the potential classification of depressive symptoms and ADL impairment in older adults and identifies various factors that may affect classifications. Methods: This study focused on 6270 Chinese adults aged 65 years or older. We used latent profile analysis to explore depressive symptoms and ADL impairment (basic ADLs and instrumental ADLs) in various subgroups of older adults. We used Chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression to examine the determinants of depressive symptoms and ADL impairment among subgroups. Results: The study's results classified older adults into three subgroups: those with high level depressive symptoms and BADLs and IADLs impairment, those with moderate level depressive symptoms and IADLs impairment, and those with no to low level depressive symptoms and without BADLs and IADLs impairment. Illiterate, having fallen in the past year, as well as having hearing difficulties all predicted high level depressive symptoms and severe BADLs and IADLs impairment. In contrast, regular exercise, contact with friends, playing cards/mahjong, participating in organized social activities, and visiting siblings predicted moderate level depressive symptoms and IADLs impairment. Conclusion: This paper discusses what is known about the various subgroups as well as the treatment of depressive symptoms and ADL impairment in older populations. It also gives policy and practice recommendations for the future that may help rehabilitate and maintain the mental health and ADLs independence of older adults. Impact and Implications: Findings highlight how depression symptoms in older adults are associated with ADL impairment level and provide a reliable basis for future interventions according to the classification. The policy recommendations provided by this study assist in addressing significant challenges in terms of mental illness and ADL impairments in the older population to support the goals of the government's Healthy China 2030 national program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings from an investigation of nature-based practices, from the perspectives of 10 academics/educators from six nations. Participants engaged in a focus group exploring the prevalence and inclusion of nature in social work practice and education. While the study focused on individual members' experiences and perspectives, the findings highlight important context-specific factors for including nature within social work to reconnect humans with nature for health, well-being, healing, and justice. An Integrative Environmental Model for social work is proposed to assist future practice and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper aims to explore the influence of family function, work engagement, and sleep on the mental health of nurses in China's top three hospitals. Methods: The convenience sampling method was adopted to select 1147 clinical nurses from Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, during the period of August-September 2018 as the survey subjects. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between clinical nurses' mental health and family function, work engagement, and sleep quality. Results: The result demonstrated that the main influencing factors of clinical nurses' mental health include the length and emotional degree of family function, sleep quality, and the vitality dimension in work engagement. Conclusion: The clinical nurses have good family function, sleep quality, and mental health status, and the level of work engagement is average. Besides, work engagement is closely related to mental health. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 24 (10) September, 2023; 1-7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) as a sample to assess the long-term impacts of domestic violence experienced in childhood on individuals. First, from the four dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care, emotional abuse and witness to domestic violence, an indicator system for quantifying domestic violence is constructed. Second, the simultaneous equation of self-evaluation health and life satisfaction is estimated by the seemingly unrelated regression model. Starting with education, health and life satisfaction, the long-term impact of domestic violence experiences on individuals is quantitatively assessed, providing empirical evidence for preventing and curing domestic violence and healing trauma. The empirical research shows the following: (1) An experience of domestic violence significantly reduces educational achievements. Compared with the three dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care and witnessing domestic violence, emotional abuse has the greatest negative impact on educational achievements. (2) Domestic violence significantly reduces the self-assessed health level and life satisfaction and increases the subjective mental health risk. Based on the complexity and concealment of domestic violence, combined with empirical research conclusions, this paper proposes countermeasures to prevent and control domestic violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aim to investigate the prevalence and associated factors for compassion fatigue among nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals in Wuhan. Studies have shown that compassion fatigue was more common among nurses than other health‐care providers, and its predictors were also different. In recent years, most studies have investigated compassion fatigue in emergency and oncology nurses, whereas there is little information on compassion fatigue among nurses from the frontline of Fangcang Shelter Hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive, cross‐sectional design was used in this study. An online survey was conducted among nurses (n = 972) of five Fangcang Shelter Hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, from 6 March to 10 March 2020. A self‐administered questionnaire including demographic information, work‐related information, General Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale and Compassion Fatigue Scale was used. Results: The prevalence of compassion fatigue among nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals was moderate, and most cases were mild. There was a significant relationship between compassion fatigue and work‐related factors, mental health and perceived stress among nurses working in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals. Conclusions: Various factors contribute to compassion fatigue, including lower job satisfaction and job adaptability, less praise from patients, more fear of infection and more perceived stress. A good working atmosphere, organizational support and psychological consultation are essential to alleviate nurses' compassion fatigue during the anti‐epidemic period. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Nurses are particularly vulnerable to compassion fatigue among health‐care providers, and it causes billions of dollars in productivity losses to economies in different countries every year.Personal factors (professional cognition, health condition, gender etc.), working environment (working hours, working load, working system problems, professional roles etc.), mental health and stress may affect nurses' compassion fatigue. What this paper adds? Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors played a crucial role in nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals who are exposed to adverse events, leading to compassion fatigue. The implications of this paper: This paper reveals a new perspective on the factors influencing compassion fatigue of nurses working in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals.We suggest that compassion fatigue among nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals could be reduced by maintaining a good working atmosphere, providing organizational support, helping nurses keep a healthy mental state and reducing stress levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the current condition and degree of fear of disease progression and associated factors in patients with mild or common type COVID‐19. Background: At the end of 2019, COVID‐19 spread from Wuhan in Hubei Province throughout China. Confirmed cases and deaths have since been reported in many countries around the world. However, fear of progression in these patients has been poorly explored. Methods: During February 2020, we recruited 114 patients with mild or common type COVID‐19 admitted to a Fangcang shelter hospital. We assessed patients' degree of fear using the simplified Fear of Progression Questionnaire (Chinese version). Multiple regression analysis was applied to explore potential factors. Results: The fear of disease progression scores of patients with mild or common COVID‐19 was at the low‐to‐moderate level. Current unemployment, disease duration of 28 days or more and not having a spouse diagnosed with COVID‐19 were factors potentially associated with fear of progression. Conclusion: With a high prevalence of fear of disease progression in patients with COVID‐19, the risk of psychological effects from the pandemic is significant and fear of progression is one of the manifestations. The need for psychological support services for patients should be included in all pandemic and disaster planning. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Fear of progression is a common bio‐socio‐psychological consequence that widespread in cancer patients as well as chronic diseases.Very few studies focus on fear of progression in patients with major infectious disease, not to mention coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). What this paper adds? The present study surveys fear of progression in patients with mild or common type COVID‐19 and revealed a low‐to‐moderate level overall.Being unemployed, having no spouse diagnosed with COVID‐19, and a disease duration of 28 days or more are potential factors associated to patients' fear of the disease progression. The implications of this paper: The COVID‐19 outbreak has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern. Mental health problems such as fear of disease progression might need more attention beyond medical treatment.Future mental health nursing practice and research need to focus on those potential factors or patients with specific characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this article, we use cross-sectional data obtained from the 2018 China Health and Aging Tracking Survey (CHARLS) to examine the impact of neighborhood mental health at the community level on the mental health of older adults aged 60 years and older. Methods: NMH is the average mental health of older adults in the same community, excluding the older adults themselves. The explained variable mental health in this paper was measured using the simple CES-D depression scale. The mediating variables were social connectedness, social participation and social inclusion, and the instrumental variables were physical exercise and amusement. regression analysis was conducted using OLS regression models, two-stage least squares (IV-2SLS) instrumental variables to address the two-way causality of NMH and MH, and KHB decomposition was used to investigate the effect mechanism. Results: Baseline regressions showed that the neighborhood mental health effect positively influenced the mental health of older adults (Coef. = 0.356, 95% CI 0.315,0.397). The neighborhood mental health effect estimated by IV-2SLS (Coef. = 0.251, 95% CI 0.096,0.405) was higher than the OLS regression, indicating endogeneity. The mediated effects of KHB showed total (Coef. = 0.356, 95% CI 0.314,0.398), direct (Coef. = 0.281, 95% CI 0.232,0.330), and indirect effects (Coef. = 0.075, 95% CI 0.049,0.101). While the total effect was 1.266 times higher than the direct effect, 21.03% of the total effect came from mediating variables. Conclusions: First, the neighborhood mental health effect has a positive impact on the mental health of older adults, but there are heterogeneous differences based on gender, age, and place of residence. Second, the results of the IV-2SLS estimation showed that the effect of the neighborhood mental health effect was underestimated if endogenous problems were not controlled for. Third, the effect of neighborhood mental health on older adults' mental health was tested to be stable. Moreover, social connectedness, social participation, and social interaction are important mediating mechanisms for the effect of neighborhood mental health on older adults' mental health. This study provides new perspectives and ideas for an in-depth understanding of the mental health of older adults in the context of social transformation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bio-medical model of 'mental health' and 'mental illness' that relates to the relationship between wellbeing and distress informs psychopathology and dominates conceptualisation in many Western Educated Industrialised Rich Democratic (WEIRD) populations. This paper aims to critique the model, questioning the appropriateness of psychopathology as a conceptual framework when working as a Western trained clinician with populations such as in China, Japan, Asia, the Middle-East and Africa. The paper also considers the cultural appropriateness of western notions of psychopathology when working inter-culturally in relation to the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings, and the Review of the Implementation of the IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide has emerged as a severe global public health issue, ranking as the fourth most common cause of death for young people aged 15 to 19 years, according to the World Health Organization. Suicidal incidents among Chinese elementary and secondary school kids have increased recently, causing irreparable harm to families, schools, and society as a whole. To contribute to continuing efforts to strengthen suicide prevention strategies for Chinese adolescents, this paper focuses on studying the causes of teenage suicide in China from personal, familial, educational, and social viewpoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While most existing studies reveal left-behind children (LBC) are prone to suffering from mental health issues, some other literature fails to develop a statistical significance between being left-behind and facing mental health dilemmas. In further detail, it is noteworthy that suicide ideation is a gendered issue. Here girls, relative to their male counterparts, are more likely to experience emotional and affective challenges, alongside a higher risk of suicide ideation. Aside from suicide ideation, the rate of suicide attempts is also higher among Chinese female than among male LBC. However, Chang et al. counter-argue that, within the LBC cohorts, it is not statistically significant to state that girls were more likely for suicide attempts than boys. Methods: In this paper, a systematic review of relevant literature and a meta-analysis of all qualified randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies were conducted. The authors aim to examine all relevant studies with similar methodologies to observe the nuanced relationships between being left-behind and mental health issues in Chinese contexts. Specifically, the authors will, grounded on the findings from the systematic review and meta-analysis, assess whether the relationship between mental health issues and being left-behind is gendered in Chinese contexts by analysing all relevant findings derived from similar methodologies and the same method (i.e., RCT). Results: Aside from Wanjie et al.'s studies, it is noticeable that the rest of the studies share similar point estimates and their CIs overlapped to a large extent. As per the I2, given the presence of Wanjie et al.'s studies that demonstrate an observably higher degree of heterogeneity than the rest of the studies, the I2 values, each for the measurement of anxiety and depression, are 74.8 percent and 34.7 percent respectively. This shows that there is a considerable heterogeneity level for anxiety, while the heterogeneity level for depression is moderate. However, both p-values for the I2 statistics are larger than 0.05. Therefore, at the 0.05 significance level, it is statistically insignificant to reject the null hypothesis that there is no heterogeneity between individual studies in both the subgroups of anxiety and depression. Therefore, the concern of the potentially substantial heterogeneity should be irrelevant in this meta-analysis. Beyond the discussion from the forest plot, when looking at the single study addressing the relationship between being left-behind and having suicide attempts (note: LBC—OR is 1.22; 95 percent CI is 1.22 –and NLBC—OR is 1.42; 95 percent CI is 1.09–1.86 –at the p-value of 0.34), the findings demonstrate that such a relationship per se is not gendered at the 0.05 statistical significance level. However, when examining the relationship between being resilient and left-behind, such an association is gendered where the OR of female left-behind university students being resilient, relative to male left-behind university students, is slightly higher than that of female non-left-behind university students being resilient, relative to their male non-left-behind university student counterparts. It is noteworthy that this study focuses on studying left-behind and non-left-behind samples who entered universities. Since a raft of LBC are socially, educationally disadvantaged, they lack the opportunities to receive higher education. Therefore, the findings of this study might not be indicative of the LBC population at large. Conclusions: While the findings of this meta-analysis project fail to reflect any gendered issues statistically, the authors are aware of the fact that the data included in this project were collected based on perception. Here samples, or their parents and teachers, were responsible for answering the questions with respect to samples' mental health status and demographic details. In China, especially in less developed rural regions, the discourse on mental health challenges might continue to be seen as taboo, so individuals giving responses might, consciously or not, tend to give socially desirable answers to avoid any potential social stigmatisation. Therefore, there is some extent of reservation regarding the validity of the included studies' data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital inclusive finance (DIF) has the power to spawn a new system of Internet finance and realize financial inclusion. However, the role of DIF in improving the health status of individuals is largely unknown. This study aims to demonstrate whether and how the development of DIF impacts the mental health of Chinese employees. This paper performs an empirical study based on the city-level data of the digital inclusive financial index with the China family panel studies. Ordinary least squares (OLS), probit models and mediation techniques are employed with appropriate instruments to alleviate endogeneity concerns. The results show that DIF can help employees improve their mental health. The results were robust to a variety of checks. Moreover, increasing income is the main pathway in which DIF improves individual mental health. Finally, it also reveals the heterogeneous effects of DIF on individual mental health. That is, the use depth of DIF has a significant positive effect on mental health status, but not on other sub-indicators, such as coverage breadth and degree of digital service provision; on those vulnerable groups containing females and employees with low education, its decisive role is larger than their counterparts who are males and have high levels of education. These results highlight the vital role of DIF in improving the mental health status of individuals. Consequently, there is a need to strengthen the construction of financial infrastructure and achieve a deeper integration of the financial system with digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The postgraduate entrance examination can be a milestone for many medical students to advance their careers. An increasing number of students are competing for limited postgraduate offers available, and failure to enter postgraduate studies can have adverse mental health consequences. In this paper, we aim to investigate the mental health status of medical students during the postgraduate application entrance examination and to provide a targeted basis for mental health education and psychological counselling. Methods: Using the Symptom Checklist-90 scale (SCL-90) questionnaire, the mental health status of 613 students who passed two rounds of the Postgraduate Entrance Examination in 2019 to enroll in Guangzhou Medical University in China was evaluated and followed up for retesting 6 months later. We used SPSS 20.0 statistical software for comparative analysis, including One-Sample T-Test, Independent-Samples T-Test, Paired Samples T-Test and Chi-square Test. Results: Our data showed that 12.10% of students had mental health problems during the postgraduate entrance examination, and it decreased significantly to 4.40% at the 6-month follow-up after the examination period finished (P < 0.01). Somatization was the most significant symptom of the students both during and after the postgraduate entrance examination stages. All SCL-90 factors were scored significantly lower both in and after the postgraduate entrance examination stages than the 2008 national college student norm score (P < 0.01). Excluding psychiatric factors, all other SCL-90 factors in the postgraduate entrance examination stage scored higher than the graduate stage (P < 0.05), and the total score of SCL-90 in female medical students was higher compared to male students (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The postgraduate entrance examination event has a significant negative influence on students' mental health. The mental health of college and graduate students as an important part of their higher education experience should be systematically studied, and psychological counselling or help should be provided to them throughout their studies, specifically during the examination period. Educating applicants about mental health should be implemented during the postgraduate entrance examination curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Originating from China in late 2019 and spreading over the entire world, the COVID–19 pandemic has become a formative historical experience for humanity. People have encountered the coronavirus in three distinct forms: through contracting the disease themselves or witnessing the conditions of others in their environment; via the public discourse on the pandemic or through the various restrictive and lockdown measures. As a result, people experience such psychological pressure that demonstrably increases the incidence of death anxiety and mental disorders. This paper aims to present the scientific research on the pandemic's psychological impact from the aspect of Terror Management Theory (TMT). As its key concept, TMT identifies death anxiety as a universal archetypal experience that forms a certain basis for our mental functions, behaviour and thus psychiatric disorders as well. We tackle death anxiety in proximal and distal forms, preventing it from growing into a potential cause for serious mental disorders. After a brief presentation of the theory, the COVID–19 pandemic's impact on death anxiety and various psychiatric disorders in light of the latest TMT research and studies are examined. The pandemic weakens both of our death anxiety coping mechanisms, which, according to TMT research, is responsible for increased death anxiety as well as for the exacerbation of various mental disorders. Finally, studies on the pandemic and the positive changes of mental state, along with the proposals offered by certain TMT researchers are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social determinants of public health have gained increasing attention. This paper studied whether social support from online communities related to maternal mental health. We focused on online maternity communities that group users with a similar prenatal status to facilitate their exchange of personal experiences and knowledge about maternal caring during pregnancy. Such online maternity communities are getting increasingly popular and can be found across countries and societies. We invited users—currently pregnant and gave birth within 1 year at the time of the study—from one such community in China to participate in a survey. The survey measured their perceived social support (PSS) exclusively from the peer group in the online community, their mental health and newborns' birth outcomes (N = 500). Users reported high score in PSS from the online peer group which was comparable to the ones from family, significant other and friends in other studies. We used linear regression models to examine the effects of PSS on mental health and birth outcomes. We found that a one‐point increase in the PSS score was associated with a 0.19‐point (p < 0.1) decrease in the prenatal depression and a 0.26‐point (p < 0.01) decrease in the postnatal depression, which was equivalent to 3% and 4.5% of the average respectively. Moreover, a one‐point increase in the PSS score was associated with a 14.49‐gram increase in a newborn's weight (p < 0.01). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of formal volunteering in mental health promotion among older adults in China has been widely discussed during recent decades. However, the relationship connecting mental health with cross‐level interaction (i.e., average levels of participation in the community vs. individual participation) is still unclear. This paper examined the effects of cross‐level formal volunteering on depressive symptoms among older adults living in China. Using two waves of the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, a sample of 3128 Chinese older adults was surveyed in 2014 and 2016. Depressive symptoms were measured using the abbreviated CES‐D‐9. Individual fixed‐effects ordinary least squares regression models assessed the associations between individual‐ and community‐level formal volunteering and depressive symptoms in urban and rural areas separately. We found that in the urban sample, formal volunteering activities were negatively associated with depressive symptoms at the individual level (β = −0.49, SE = 0.22, p < 0.05). Higher community‐level formal volunteering was positively associated with depressive symptoms (β = 2.82, SE = 1.42, p < 0.05). When adding interactions between individual and community levels, engagement in individual‐level formal volunteering was associated with lower rates of depressive symptoms as community volunteering participation levels increased (β = −3.07, SE = 1.07, p < 0.01). High community‐level volunteering participation was detrimental for non‐volunteers. In rural areas, neither community‐ nor individual‐level formal volunteering was associated with changes in depressive symptoms. The current findings demonstrate formal volunteering may not always benefit mental health for all. The effects may depend on the community context and individual choices. Social policies aimed to promote mental health through formal volunteering need to be tailored according to the specific community social environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject: Because of increasingly stressful, dangerous and unpredictable psychiatric nursing work, psychiatric nurses have experienced higher job stress than general ward nurses.Little is known about the factors that affect the turnover intention of Chinese psychiatric nurses. Understanding the influencing factors of nurses' turnover intention will help to formulate targeted measures to stabilize psychiatric nursing teams. What does this paper add to existing knowledge: The results showed that 70.2% of psychiatric nurses had higher turnover intention. The strong turnover intention of Chinese psychiatric nurses is a problem that needs to be considered by managers.The results showed that having more children, between 31 and 39 years old, and having a part‐time job were strongly associated with turnover intention. In addition, "job stress" was also an important factor, psychiatric nurses' turnover intention decreased as their job stress level decreased. What are the implications for practice: Nursing managers should pay attention to nurses who have more children, between 31 and 39 years old, and take on part‐time jobs. Additionally, nursing managers should reduce job stress and implement targeted programmes to prevent psychiatric nurses' turnover.Experience‐sharing meetings and mindfulness‐based stress reduction training are also useful to improve the mental health status of psychiatric nurses with great job stress. Nursing managers should arrange human resources and shifts appropriately to give nurses with more children more time with their families. Provide more development opportunities for psychiatric nurses between 31 and 39 years old. Managers explore the reasons why nurses take on part‐time jobs and take targeted interventions (such as increasing income) to reduce the behaviour that happens. Introduction: Nurses' turnover is the main cause of nursing shortages, greatly affected by nurses' intention to leave. Nurses' turnover rate is particularly high in psychiatric wards. Several factors influencing the turnover intention of psychiatric nurses have not been well identified in China, and the association between job stress and turnover intention is still limited. Aims: To examine the relationship between job stress and turnover intention and identify the influencing factors of psychiatric nurses' turnover intention. Methods: Data were collected from 2355 psychiatric Chinese nurses using a cross‐sectional design with an online questionnaire investigation. Results: Psychiatric nurses had higher turnover intention. Significant factors influencing their turnover intention were job stress, having more children, age between 31 and 39 years old, part‐time jobs, education, income and patient‐to‐nurse ratio. Discussion: Demographics and job‐related factors should be considered when developing strategies to reduce the turnover intention of psychiatric nurses. Implications for practice: Nursing managers should pay attention to nurses with higher job stress levels and different demographic characteristics. Effective measures should be taken to reduce psychiatric nurses' job stress and turnover intention, such as arranging reasonable shifts, implementing targeted family‐friendly policies, increasing their occupational possibilities and promoting mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Reducing modifiable risk factors could prevent the onset of cognitive decline. • Physical multimorbidity–cognitive function association was mediated by depression. • Routine screening for depression in multimorbidity patient may delay dementia onset. This paper explores the role of depressive symptoms (mediator/moderator) in the association between physical multimorbidity (exposure) and cognitive function (outcome) among older adults in the three most populous middle-income countries. This study used cross-sectional data from China (2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study), India (2017/2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India), and Indonesia (2014/2015 Indonesian Family Life Survey), with a total sample of 73,199 respondents aged ≥ 45 years. Three domains of cognitive tests were harmonised across surveys, including time orientation, word recall, and numeracy. The four-way decomposition analysis assessed the mediation and interaction effects between exposure, mediator/moderator, and outcome, adjusted for covariates. The mean age of the respondents (in years) was slightly younger in Indonesia (56.0, SD = 8.8) than in China (59.5, SD = 9.3) and India (60.0, SD = 10.5). The proportion of male respondents was 49.3 % in China, 47.3 % in India, and 47.5 % in Indonesia. Respondents in China had the highest mean cognitive function z scores (54.7, SD = 19.9), followed by India (51.1, SD = 20.0) and Indonesia (51.0, SD = 18.4). Physical multimorbidity was associated with lower cognitive function in China and India (p < 0.0001), with 48.4 % and 40.0 % of the association explained by the mediating effect of depressive symptoms ('overall proportion due to mediation'). The association was not found in Indonesia. Cognitive functions were lower among individuals with physical multimorbidity, and depressive symptoms mainly explained the association. Addressing depressive symptoms among persons with physical multimorbidity is likely to have not only an impact on their mental health but could prevent cognitive decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Background. With the enhancement of China's international influence, China has stepped into the international ecological environment in the fields of economy, politics, culture, art, and so on, accompanied by the spread of China's culture and literature. China's 5000-year-old cultural history and artistic characteristics are integrated into the ecological field of the international environment. Research Purpose. The international spread of Chinese literature also has a certain impact on the physical and mental health of teenagers. This paper studies and discusses the impact of international communication of Chinese literature on teenagers' physical and mental health in the digital humanistic environment. Under the development environment of Digital Humanities in China, the impact of Chinese literature on the healthy psychology of teenagers, the impact content, and the characteristics of each were evaluated. Through the comparison of physical and mental health growth of adolescents in different ages, the characteristics of physical and mental health of adolescents are explored. The coupling degree of physical and mental health of adolescents in different development environments is compared and analyzed. Research Results. Through the research, it is found that with the development of Digital Humanities, the spread of Chinese literature with internationalization has a positive impact on the physical and mental health and psychological quality construction of teenagers and plays a promoting role in promoting mental health, increasing personal quality, and improving teenagers' correct values. The various ideological and moral qualities of Chinese literature can play a greater role in helping and growing up the physical and mental health education of young people in the new era and are also the literary value of promoting the quality education of the next generation of young people in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the mental health problems of college students in China are on the rise. Many incentives lead to college students becoming a psychological vulnerable group, lacking the minimum "decompression ability" in the face of pressure. With the emergence of new media and the increasingly obvious fusion of new media and traditional media, the recognition algorithm of media fusion begins to enter people's vision, and multimedia fusion has gradually formed an irresistible development trend. Based on the media fusion recognition algorithm under the background of media fusion, this paper studies the model of college students' mental health education. In the process of comparing the accuracy of college students' mental health, the accuracy of this method is the highest, up to 99.25%, followed by the decision tree algorithm, up to 80.53%, and finally the ant colony algorithm, up to 75.25%. Therefore, this method is more conducive to the study of college students' mental health. Under the media fusion recognition algorithm, colleges and universities should give full play to the advantages of media fusion, broaden the path of mental health education, enhance the effectiveness of mental health education, improve the quality and efficiency of education, and guide the mental health growth of college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Under the background of the policy of caring for the healthy growth of left-behind children, the purpose of selecting the topic is to study some common negative emotional problems of left-behind children in rural areas, focusing on the guidance of negative emotions of left-behind children in rural areas. In emotional problems, we analyze and find out the reasons for these negative emotions through observation and research. Method. In this paper, a platform for acquiring emotional semantic data of scene images in an open behavioral experimental environment is designed, which breaks the limitations of time and place, and thus acquires a large amount of emotional semantic data of scene images and then uses principal component analysis to evaluate the validity of the data analysis. Psychological testing was used to measure parent-child affinity, adversity beliefs, and positive/negative emotion scales, respectively, to examine children whose parents went out, children whose fathers went out, and non-left-behind children. The characteristics of parent-child affinity, adversity beliefs, and positive/negative emotions in three types of children were examined, and the direct predictive effects of parent-child affinity and adversity beliefs on the positive/negative emotions of the three types of children were examined. Results/Discussion. Adversity beliefs played a partial mediating role between children's parent-child bonding and positive emotions. The predictive effect of adversity beliefs on children's emotional adaptation differs by emotional type. The main effects of the left-behind category were significant for both positive and negative emotions. The gender main effect of negative emotion was significant, and the negative emotion level of girls was significantly higher than that of boys. The main effect of the left-behind category of adversity beliefs was significant, and the adversity belief levels of children whose parents went out to rural areas were significantly lower than those of children whose fathers went out and non-left-behind children. The negative emotions generated by left-behind children in rural areas are channeled, and to a certain extent, they are improved and alleviated. Through the emotional counseling and improvement of the rural left-behind children in the research site in the article, the service objects can have better emotions, promote mental health, make them happy and grow up healthily, and also provide a certain theory for the establishment of the local left-behind children care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ollege students are the driving force behind national and social progress. They frequently face a great deal of mental and psychological pressure. If the pressure is not relieved promptly, it will significantly impact their mental health. This study aims to examine the preventative effect of sports training on the mental health diseases of college students. In China, mental health issues are receiving increasing attention and psychological pressure. The students were screened using the SCL-90 psychological test, and those without significant psychological illness were chosen as research participants. Before and after the experiment, the Simple mood State Scale (POMS) was measured twice; the influence of different sports on the mood state of college students is the subject of this study. The experiment was conducted on 200 Chinese college students. None of the students was afflicted with any unusual diseases. The invalid questionnaire and students who interrupted the experiment due to exceptional circumstances were disqualified. The final subjects of the experiment were 194 first-year students. This paper investigates the relationship between college students' participation in sports and their mental health status. Before and after the comparison, there is a significant difference (P 0.05), as determined by the difference test. It has been found that college students who frequently participate in sports have significantly better mental health than those who do not. They have high self-awareness and are effective at eliminating negative emotions such as anxiety and depression. Exercising is a method of proving their worth. Through psychological transfer, students can use psychological hints to motivate themselves to achieve their goals, thereby enhancing their self-confidence in other endeavours. Enhancing self-confidence will play a significant role in promoting the study, work, and life of college students. Oxygen plays an important role in cultivating students' mental health. It can help students establish mental health consciousness, enhance the ability of psychological adjustment, cultivate students' correct understanding of self, boost self-confidence, develop optimistic psychological qualities, enhance the ability to deal with setbacks and adapt to society, and promote the sound development of students' psychological health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effect of different intensities of physical exercise on the mental health of college students. This paper examines the impact of different intensities of physical exercise on the mental health of college students using the SCL-90 symptom checklist. The results of the intermediary effect analysis revealed that the P values of all indexes in the control group were greater than 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference between the various indexes before and after the experiment and that the physical health did not improve significantly. The decrease of each index score in the control group was significantly less than in the experimental group, and the growth rate of paranoia reached 4.58 percent. Theoretically, the human body's psychological response and mental health will vary significantly depending on the intensity and frequency of physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been consistently under-represented in the pool of contributors to academic journals on health. For the past two decades, prominent voices within the psychiatric profession have called for better representation of LMICs in the interest of advancing the understanding of mental health globally and benefiting health systems in these countries. Objective: To investigate the absolute and relative representation of authors affiliated to institutes from LMICs in the most influential journals on mental health in 2019. Method: Thirty top-ranking journals on mental health based on Scimago Journal Rank were selected, and all papers other than correspondence and letters to the editor published in those journals in 2019 were examined to extract the country of affiliation of each of their authors and their position (corresponding author, first author, second author). Results: Of the 4022 articles examined, 3720 articles (92.5%) were written exclusively by authors from high-income countries (HICs); 302 (7.5%) featured one or more authors from a LMIC along with those from HICs; 91 (2.2%) featured authors only from one LMIC; and only 3 (0.07%) featured authors from more than one LMICs but without any co-author from a HIC. The ratio of articles by contributors from LMICs to all the articles published in 2019 in a given journal ranged from 0% to 19%. Of 1855 individual contributors from 45 LMICs, 1050 (56%) were from China. Conclusion: Despite the growth of the global health movement and frequent calls for academic inclusivity, LMICs were significantly under-represented among the authors of papers published in top-ranking journals on mental health in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Responding to claims in urban studies and epidemiology that modern urban living negatively affects the mental health of the poor and newcomers to the city, this paper offers a different account based on an ethnography of a neighbourhood in central Shanghai, where precarious rural migrant lives unfold. Drawing on the concept of "ecologies of experience" to recognise the making of everyday sensibilities and affective tensions in urban dwelling, it focuses on subjectivity formed in habits of negotiating the urban environment, in coping with troubled thoughts and feelings posed by precariousness. The paper considers ecologies of experience arising in distinct prosaic locations – a public library, a large bookstore, and a café – found to be important in the everyday spatial practices of migrants, grounding to different degrees of success hopes for their present and future in the city. In such dwelling, the stresses to mental health – consistently described by migrants as "pressure" (yali) – seem to be moderated through varied forms of respite, slowing‐down, and "moments of being," though always in ambivalent ways. In recognising the everyday materiality of urban living, the paper looks beyond the tendency in studies of China's internal migration to read off migrant mental health outcomes from structural disadvantages related to work, welfare, and living conditions. Conceptually, it opens new ground in thinking by acknowledging the role of the felt qualities of lived experience in managing mental states, building on work in geography, sociology, and anthropology attentive to the affective resonances of place and to practices of urban negotiation. Focusing on migrant lives in central Shanghai, this paper examines how situated practices of urban dwelling contribute to the management of mental stress. Dissenting with accounts that typify urban living as deleterious to mental health, the paper argues that it is in the relationship between bodies and their environment where subjectivity, including mental states, are formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though a continued increase in life expectancy is a significant public health achievement, keeping older adults active and maintaining their well-being is challenging. Active aging requires physical health, mental health, functional independence, economic stability, social participation, and spiritual identification. Among all these factors, social cohesion has significant importance, but there is a dearth of studies focusing on older adults' social cohesion. Thus, the present study focuses on the level of social cohesion among older adults and its variation among the different economic classes. This article uses data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa during 2007–10. Social cohesion scores have been constructed using Item Response Theory Partial Credit Model. Also, bivariate analysis, concentration curves, concentration indices, and multivariate regressions have been used for the analysis presented in this paper. This study confirms the strong predictive power of age, wealth, education, and working status of older adults on their social cohesion across the countries. Higher social non-cohesion is found among the economically poor older adults in Mexico, Russia, India, and China. In contrast, it is just opposite in the case of older adults in South Africa. Governments should develop policies to foster a society with a high level of social inclusion, social capital, and social diversity, to achieve further advancement in social cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper estimates the extent to which childhood circumstances contribute to health inequality in old age and evaluates the importance of major domains of childhood circumstances to health inequalities in the USA and China. We link two waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2013 and 2015 with the newly released 2014 Life History Survey, and two waves of the Health and Retirement Study in 2014 and 2016 with the newly released 2015 Life History Mail Survey in the USA, to quantify health inequality due to childhood circumstances for which they have little control. Using the Shapley value decomposition approach, we show that childhood circumstances may explain 7–16 and 14–30% of health inequality in old age in China and the USA, respectively. Specifically, the contribution of childhood circumstances to health inequality is larger in the USA than in China for self-rated health, mental health, and physical health. Examining domains of childhood circumstance, regional and rural/urban status contribute more to health inequality in China, while family socioeconomic status contributes more to health inequality in the USA. Our findings support the value of a life course approach in identifying the key determinants of health in old age. Distinguishing sources of health inequality and rectifying inequality due to early childhood circumstances should be the basis of policy promoting health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to urbanisation in China, about 7.74 million older people have migrated to urban centres, where their adult children reside and work, to care for their grandchildren. While older migrants may benefit from family reunion and mutual support, empirical studies have identified challenges to adaptation, integration and mental health. Employing a systematic literature review approach, this paper examines recent empirical studies on the mental health of older migrants migrating along with adult children in China, focusing on mental health and wellbeing outcomes and determinants and directions for social work interventions. It identifies directions for considering diversity in conceptualisations of mental health and in theoretical perspectives to enrich understanding of the experiences of Chinese older migrants migrating along with adult children and potential interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fierce competition in China's basic education system results in students spending too much time on homework. However, few studies have explored the mental health effects of homework time. Using data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), this paper empirically examines the impact of homework time on adolescent mental health through the fixed-effects model and instrumental variables regression. Additionally, this study explores the moderating effects of teacher support and parent involvement. The results indicate that homework time has a negative effect on adolescent mental health, but only when the amount of time spent on homework exceeds about 1 hour and 15 minutes. Overall, there is a non-linear relationship between homework time and adolescent mental health. Teacher support, particularly emotional support, can mitigate the adverse mental health effects of excessive homework time, whereas parental involvement does not show the same positive effect. The analysis of heterogeneity reveals that adolescents from rural schools or medium family economic backgrounds experience a more pronounced negative impact from excessive homework time compared to those from urban schools, poorer or richer family backgrounds. Furthermore, students with outstanding academic performance are affected more significantly than their peers with poor academic performance. The empirical results echo the targets of the Chinese "double reduction policy" which requires strict control of homework time. Education policymakers should reasonably regulate homework time and systematically explore education concepts and teaching methods that are compatible with the reduction of homework time. • Chinese adolescents are burdened with an excessive amount of homework time. • There is a non-linear relationship between homework time and adolescent mental health. • Homework negatively impacts adolescent mental health, but only when exceeding about 1 h and 15 min. • Teacher support, particularly emotional support, can mitigate the adverse mental health effects of excessive homework time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although the prevalence rate of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is far lower than that of adults, cSLE has a high rate of organ involvement, rapid development and poor prognosis, which is more serious than that in adults. And studies have shown that a wide range of physiological, functional, nerve, and organ damage will have a great impact on the mental health of children. At present, there is no relevant psychological intervention research for cSLE in China. This paper aimed to explore the effect of Sandplay therapy on mental health and disease activity of children with cSLE. Methods: Forty childrens with cSLE were randomly divided into control group (CG) and intervention group (IG); the CG were treated with glucocorticoid, immunosuppressant and other drugs, while the IG were treated with Sandplay therapy in addition to drug therapy, at the time of 0, 2, and 4 weeks after initial diagnosis, respectively. The questionnaire evaluation and related clinical indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed (before psychotherapy intervention) at 0, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after initial diagnosis. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the evaluation of questionnaire and related clinical indicators at the time 0, 2 weeks after initial diagnosis respectively. At 12 weeks after the intervention, the score of Short version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI-S) in the IG was significantly lower than that in the CG, the score of The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) scale in the IG was significantly lower than that in the CG, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0) showed that the scores of social function, school performance, and emotional health of the IG were higher than those of the CG (p < 0.05), and the clinical indexes of the IG were better than those of the CG (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sandplay therapy may help to slow down the occurrence and development of anxiety and depression and reduce disease activity in patients with cSLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnostically defined insomnia is prevalent, persistent, and associated with a range of negative outcomes in childhood and adolescence. To inform prevention and treatment, we need to identify relevant predictors that can be addressed in such intervention efforts. Therefore, a systematic search for longitudinal studies involving child and adolescent samples (ages 4 to 19) examining predictors of diagnostically defined insomnia adjusted for previous insomnia was conducted. The search identified 6419 studies, resulting in six included papers involving five samples (n = 9949) conducted in five different countries (the US, New Zealand, Norway, China, and Japan). Few longitudinal studies investigated the predictors of diagnostically defined insomnia in children and adolescents, and insomnia is rarely defined according to diagnostic manuals. The results suggested that poor mental health (most notably depression) and female sex may be involved in the etiology of diagnostically defined insomnia. Stress might be the most modifiable factor identified. However, the diversity of the predictors studied in previous reports combined with the lack of replication prevent any firm conclusions from being drawn. This review serves as a summary of the best available evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a common social phenomenon, nurses' occupational burnout has a high incidence rate, which seriously affects their mental health and nursing level. The current assessment mostly uses the total score model and explores the influence of external factors on burnout, while the correlation between burnout items or dimensions is less explored. Ignoring the correlation between the items or dimensions may result in a limited understanding of nurse occupational burnout. This paper explores the item and dimension network structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) in Chinese nurses, so as to gain a deeper understanding of this psychological construct and identify potential targets for clinical intervention. Methods: A total of 493 Chinese nurses were recruited by cluster sampling. All participants were invited to complete the survey on symptoms of burnout. Network analysis was used to investigate the item network of MBI-GS. In addition, community detection was used to explore the communities of MBI-GS, and then network analysis was used to investigate the dimension network of MBI-GS based on the results of community detection. Regularized partial correlation and non-regularized partial correlation were used to describe the association between different nodes of the item network and dimension network, respectively. Expected influence and predictability were used to describe the relative importance and the controllability of nodes in both the item and dimension networks. Results: In the item network, most of the strongly correlated edges were in the same dimension of emotional exhaustion (E), cynicism (C) and reduced professional efficacy (R), respectively. E5 (Item 5 of emotional exhaustion, the same below) "I feel burned out from my work", C1 "I have become more callous toward work since I took this job", and R3 "In my opinion, I am good at my job" had the highest expected influence (z-scores = 0.99, 0.81 and 0.94, respectively), indicating theirs highest importance in the network. E1 "I feel emotionally drained from my work" and E5 had the highest predictability (E1 = 0.74, E5 = 0.74). It shows that these two nodes can be interpreted by their internal neighbors to the greatest extent and have the highest controllability in the network. The spinglass algorithm and walktrap algorithm obtained exactly the same three communities, which are consistent with the original dimensions of MBI-GS. In the dimension network, the emotional exhaustion dimension was closely related to the cynicism dimension (weight = 0.65). Conclusions: The network model is a useful tool to study burnout in Chinese nurses. This study explores the item and domain network structure of nurse burnout from the network perspective. By calculating the relevant indicators, we found that E5, C1, and R3 were the most central nodes in the item network and cynicism was the central node in the domain network, suggesting that interventions aimed at E5, C1, R3 and cynicism might decrease the overall burnout level of Chinese nurses to the greatest extent. This study provides potential targets and a new way of thinking for the intervention of nurse burnout, which can be explored and verified in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with pathological dissociation should receive proper clinical attention and timely support. Recent studies have shown that pathological dissociation is common in the Chinese context. However, little is known about the clinical features of Chinese people with pathological dissociation. This paper reports the first data regarding trauma histories, mental health symptoms, clinical diagnoses, service usages, stigma and psychosocial needs in a convenience sample of Chinese people who screened positive for pathological dissociation on a self-report measure (N = 72). This sample was characterized by a history of trauma and high levels of trauma-related symptoms and depression. Medication treatments were the most common interventions for them; many participants did not receive psychotherapy. We found no clinical differences between participants who had and had not received psychotherapy for post-traumatic/dissociative symptoms. This implies that many participants did not have the chance of receiving specific psychotherapy even though their trauma histories and clinical symptoms were as severe as those who were receiving specific psychotherapy. Stigma and unmet psychosocial needs were common in this sample and should receive more attention in the field. Implications for research and practice are highlighted. More dissociation-informed services are required for Chinese-speaking populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current COVID pandemic is happening while the long-term effects of coronavirus infection remain poorly understood. The present article meta-analyzed mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, etc.) from a previous coronavirus outbreak in China (2002). CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, and Google Scholar were searched up to early June 2020 for articles in English or Chinese reporting mental illness symptoms of SARS patients. Main outcome measures include SCL-90, SAS, SDS, and IES-R scales. 29 papers met the inclusion criteria. The longest follow-up time included in the analysis was 46 months. The systematic meta-analysis indicated that mental health problems were most serious before or at hospital discharge and declined significantly during the first 12 months after hospital discharge. Nevertheless, average symptom levels remained above healthy norms even at 12 months and continued to improve, albeit slowly, thereafter. The adverse mental health impact of being hospitalized with coronavirus infection long outlasts the physical illness. Mental health issues were the most serious for coronavirus infected patients before (including) hospital discharge and improved continuously during the first 12 months after hospital discharge. If COVID-19 infected patients follow a similar course of mental health development, most patients should recover to normal after 12 months of hospital discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The recognition of the importance of mental health as a health-target to be pursued at a global level has received additional theoretical legitimacy through its inclusion in the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development. The theoretical axiom – mental health as a development priority – is today expected to drive the focus of research efforts and orient the future policies and funds expenditures, at global and local level. According to these premises, it becomes central to track the international trajectories of mental health research and how the different countries are progressively defining their role in the global mental health effort. In this paper we have focused on China. In light of heavy burden of mental and substance use disorders affecting this country, and considering the impact of this burden at a global level, a basic research was conducted with the main aim of offering a preliminary view on the Chinese scientific activity within the context of global mental health research. This study is not intended to assess the quality of Chinese research, but merely to retrieve and measure a specific output of this research: the articles in mental-health produced by Chinese institutions based in mainland China, published in international journals. Although the publication of articles in internationally indexed journals in not exhaustive of China's scientific activity in global mental health, it is nevertheless informative of the production of new knowledge, it allows an assessment of the impact of this knowledge at the global scientific community level and it could partially reflect the Chinese capacity to benefit from research conducted globally. Objective: In consideration of the very limited number of studies assessing the collective evidence of Chinese research in mental health, we developed our analysis with the purpose of providing a preliminary picture of the Chinese contribution, in terms of scientific publications, in this field of knowledge. Our research performs a bibliometric analysis on the articles in mental-health produced by Chinese institutions based in mainland China and published in English-language SCI-E and SSCI journals from 1990 to 2019, providing a measure of the impact of this research at the global scientific community level. Methods: We performed a search on the Web of Science (WoS) using seven mental and substance use disorders according to their global prevalence, as per estimates of the Global Burden of Disease 2019. A dataset including the overall number of publications for seven diseases was created and exported in InCites. The dataset was analysed on the basis of 11 research areas (WoS categories) to which mental health topic is associated in SCI-E and SSCI journals in WoS. We further extracted publications that originated in mainland China. The citational trends over time are calculated with nonparametric test for trends across ordered groups. An evaluation of the impact of the Chinese scientific production is provided by the number of citations received at the global scientific community level, both as average and percentile. Results: From 1990 to 2020 the overall Chinese scientific production in mental health has been generally increasing, reaching the highest growth in the last decade. A statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) is reported for articles produced by Chinese institutions in mainland China regarding 'depression*', 'bipolar disorders*' and 'schizophrenia*'. Published Chinese research is mostly included in SCI-E journals. There is a substantial overlap regarding the average number of citations for articles in mental-health produced by Chinese institutions and the rest of the world. Despite the increasing trend, the percentage of articles in mental health produced by Chinese institutions in mainland China on the overall scientific production worldwide is below 10%. Conclusion: Notwithstanding a substantial increase in the last decade, the volume of Chinese publications appears to be very limited, thus resulting in a relatively low impact at a global level. These results are affecting the potential contribution of Chinese research in the global mental health effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Though visual impairment is a strong predictor for late-life depression, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This paper investigated the contribution of material, psychosocial and behavioural pathways in mediating a vision-depression association.Methods: The study used cross-sectional data from the WHO Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE), including 11,531 older Chinese adults. Depression was assessed based on an adaptation of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Causal mediation analyses using inverse odds ratio weighting (IORW) approach were conducted to assess the mediating roles of material (wealth quintiles and perceived income inadequacy), behavioural (leisure activity, BMI and sleep) and psychosocial factors (social participation, trust and sense of safety).Results: The participants with visual impairment had a 43% higher odds of depression than those with normal vision. In the mediation analysis, the material pathway contributed the most to the total effect, accounting for 31.7% of it. The proportion of the total effect which was mediated by psychosocial and behavioural factors was 24.2% and 22.5% respectively. When these three mediators were considered together in the full model, they accounted for 43.5% of the total effect of visual impairment on depression.Limitations: There still existed unexamined mediating factors. The cross-sectional study design might restrict temporal sequence.Conclusion: Visually-impaired population as high-risk group should be provided better access to screening, diagnosis and treatment of depression. Material, behavioural and psychosocial factors may serve as relevant points of entry for developing intervention programmes to improve the mental health conditions of visually-impaired people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Evidence‐based nursing has been highlighted and highly developed in recent decades in mainland China. Nevertheless, little is known about its overall development. Aims: To gain insights on the overall development of evidence‐based nursing in the most recent 5 years and to inform future evidence‐based nursing research in mainland China. Method: Four Chinese and four English databases were searched with the search terms “evidence‐based practice,” “nurse or nursing,” and “China or Chinese” from 2012 to 2016. Bibliometric and co‐word cluster analysis were conducted with the final included publications. Results: A total of 9036 papers published by 13 808 authors in 606 journals were included. Publication numbers were increasing. None of the top ten journals publishing evidence‐based nursing papers were core nursing journals. The research hot spots on evidence‐based nursing in the recent five years were cardiovascular disease, mental health, and complication prevention. However, little attention has been paid to education for evidence‐based nursing. Conclusion: Evidence‐based nursing has penetrated into various nursing branches in mainland China and become a well‐recognized and relatively mature research domain. More importance should be attached to the study design, methodological, and reporting quality of evidence‐based nursing projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how education affects mental health outcomes by exploiting the compulsory schooling laws implemented in the mid-1980s in China. The laws generated dramatic kinks with small jumps in educational attainment across cohorts. Using a regression probability jump and kink design, our results show that one year of schooling reduces mental health disorders by 0.09 standard deviations. Better-educated individuals are significantly less likely to have felt depressed, nervous or agitated in the past month and less likely to feel hopeless about the future, that everything is difficult or that life is meaningless. The positive effects of education on mental health are more profound for females and individuals from rural areas. Our mechanism analysis suggests that education-induced resources, cognitive skills, and social integration play significant roles in the effects of education on mental health outcomes in the long run; in total, they can explain more than 60% of the education gradient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To evaluate the mental health status, stressors and self‐adjustment of nurses in isolation wards at different periods in Wuhan, China. Background: Mental health issues easily occurred among the frontline medical workers of a major epidemic. However, the stressors and psychological adjustments experienced by nurses have not been well described. This is crucial to improving clinical quality and nursing safety and ensuring nurses' physical and psychological health. Methods: We performed a cross‐sectional prospective study using the Self Reporting Questionnaire‐20, stressor and self‐adjustment questionnaire administered to frontline nurses in Wuhan at two time points: after they had worked in isolation wards for 7–10 days (T1) and 2 months (T2). This paper complies with the STROBE reporting guideline for cross‐sectional studies. Results: T1 has 92 respondents, and T2 has 86. The positive rates of mental health problems were 26.09% and 9.30%, respectively, showing significantly different in the two periods. The main factors influenced mental health were self‐perceived stress and only child status. The most common stressors were as follows: a large infected population, high infectivity; concerned about family's health status; high mortality if not treated in time (T1); and long duration of the epidemic, separate from family for a long time (T2). In terms of self‐adjustment, 97.83%(T1)/88.04%(T2) of nurses thought it was necessary, but 9(T1) /5(T2) chose to avoid addressing it, and 8(T1) /5(T2) utilised a professional psychological counselling hotline. Conclusions: Mental health problems among frontline nurses fighting COVID‐19 need special attention, so administrators should offer timely counselling and strengthen effective psychosocial support to improve their mental resilience. Relevance to clinical practice: This study surveyed the mental problems and self‐adjustment status among nurses working Wuhan during the outbreak of COVID‐19, to provide administrators with a scientific basis to effectively intervene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postpartum anxiety (PPA) and postpartum depression (PPD) are associated with immediate and long-term health risks for both mothers and babies. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate relationships between sociodemographic, perinatal variables, and PPA and PPD symptoms of parturients 6 weeks postpartum.Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 1204 women who had a healthy and term birth in a baby-friendly hospital, Shanghai, China. PPA and PPD symptoms were measured by using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).Results: The mean score of SAS and EPDS was 40.79 ± 8.48 and 8.18 ± 5.80, respectively. The estimated prevalence of PPA and PPD symptoms was 15.2% and 23.2%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of fatigue and PPD symptoms were risk factors for PPA symptoms, whereas having support from family and being satisfied with labor experience were protective factors. In terms of PPD symptoms, its risk factors included smoking before pregnancy, maternal separation from baby, fatigue, encountering difficulties in breastfeeding, and the presence of PPA symptoms. In contrast, the protective factors for PPD symptoms were having support from family and having support from colleagues or friends.Limitations: Convenience sampling and voluntary participation may have led to a selection bias.Conclusion: PPA and PPD symptoms occur commonly among parturients in Shanghai, China. The findings from this research provide a better understanding of factors associated with PPA and PPD symptoms and will help guide personalized approaches to the management of postpartum anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus Disease is impacting the entire world. As the first country that has needed to confront this disease, China has responded with unprecedented and hugely successful public health initiatives. Almost simultaneous with the awareness of the potential for widespread loss of life, the first Chinese university recognizing the likely psychological impacts of COVID-19, assembled the first university-based professional team to offer pandemic-related mental health services to the Chinese public. This paper describes the work that we provided and the challenges encountered. The challenges are described in four contexts: the organizational/systemic level, the technical perspective, the therapeutic process, and the ethical aspects. We also provide recommendations on what we can do in the short term, and future improvements that can be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic disrupts established daily routines, it underlines the role that families play in redefining social order and reorganizing people's economic and social lives. In this paper, we investigate methods that Chinese and South Korean families have adopted to cope with the rapid changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. We emphasize families' responses to sudden changes in three domains: education and home schooling, economic downturn and unemployment, and mental health challenges. By integrating online education and remote working into a new form of family life and sharing economic and emotional risks among members, families shape social order during a period of unprecedented uncertainty. We highlight the fact that family members experience intensified work-family or school-family conflicts. Disadvantaged families are the most severely affected, as they are at high risk of job loss and lack proper protections. The absence of institutional protections and interventions has created further economic and emotional hardships for these vulnerable families. Informal and nonregular workers require more stable labor market conditions for the wellbeing of their families. Future research may include a systematic data collection and analysis of disadvantaged families, as this would offer a better understanding of the challenges and untenable choices that families face during times of crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. Widespread outbreaks of infectious disease are associated with psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness. The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a public health crisis. In response to the rapidly increasing number of publications on this subject, this article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of early reports that appeared in the international literature until the beginning of May 2020. This paper details the effects on the general population as medical staff are exposed to different, specific stressors. The available literature has emerged from only a few of the most affected countries; therefore, there is a need for more representative research from other affected regions. The majority of studies focus on depression, anxiety, insomnia and distress. Subsyndromal mental health problems are a common response to the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a huge need for further research. In particular, attention must be paid to the potentially devastating effects on population-wide mental health. Pandemic crisis shifts from acute to protracted, and the long-term mental-health consequences of the pandemic will manifest themselves in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the relationship between personality traits and mental health conditions of medical personnel to provide a basis and reference for the implementation of targeted education on mental health. A self-report inventory, the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), was used to investigate the mental health status of 548 medical personnel dealing with the new coronavirus pneumonia in eight provinces and cities of China. The overall mean SCL-90 score and mean values of factors (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, phobic anxiety, and psychoticism) of the medical personnel were significantly higher than in the norm group (p < 0.05), while their average interpersonal sensitivity score was significantly lower (p < 0.01). In addition, personal factors affecting the mental health status of medical personnel were identified (all p < 0.05). The overall mental health status of medical personnel responding to new coronavirus pneumonia is generally higher than that of the norm group in China. The results of this study should contribute to measures to alleviate the psychological pressures on medical personnel dealing with the new coronavirus epidemic in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the influencing factors and interventions of mental health in rural China has important practical significance for promoting personal development and social progress. Using the 2016 waves of the China Family Panel Studies data, this paper examined the effect of adult sons' marriage squeeze on parents' mental health in rural China and its corresponding mechanisms. Our study showed a significant negative association between adult sons' marriage squeeze and the mental health status of rural parents. Moreover, the negative association of adult sons' marriage squeeze with mental health is larger for female parents, parents who are less than 60 years old and parents living with children. In addition, we investigated possible mechanisms of the effect, including intergenerational support, intergenerational relationship and neighborhood relationship, and that adult sons' marriage squeeze mainly damages the mental health of rural parents by increasing the downstream intergenerational support of rural parents and worsening intergenerational and neighborhood relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]