9 results on '"Arcand, JoAnne"'
Search Results
2. The science of salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (December 2015-March 2016).
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Wong, Michelle M. Y., Arcand, JoAnne, Leung, Alexander A., Thout, Sudhir Raj, Campbell, Norm R. C., and Webster, Jacqui
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HYPERTENSION epidemiology , *OBESITY complications , *BLOOD pressure , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *FATTY liver , *HYPERTENSION , *KIDNEY diseases , *OBESITY , *SALT , *SALT-free diet , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *DISEASE incidence , *DISEASE prevalence , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
The purpose of this review was to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary salt relating to health outcomes that were published from December 2015 to March 2016. The search strategy was adapted from a previous systematic review on dietary salt and health. Overall, 13 studies were included in the review: one study assessed cardiovascular events, nine studies assessed prevalence or incidence of blood pressure or hypertension, one study assessed kidney disease, and two studies assessed other health outcomes (obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). Four studies were selected for detailed appraisal and commentary. One study met the minimum methodologic criteria and found an increased risk associated with lower sodium intake in patients with heart failure. All other studies identified in this review demonstrated positive associations between dietary salt and adverse health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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3. Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes studies (April to October 2018).
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McLean, Rachael M., Petersen, Kristina S., Arcand, JoAnne, Malta, Daniela, Rae, Sarah, Thout, Sudhir Raj, Trieu, Kathy, Johnson, Claire, and Campbell, Norman R. C.
- Abstract
The Science of Salt reviews identify, summarize, and critically appraise published studies on dietary salt and health outcomes according to pre-specified methods. This review covers the period April 3 to October 30, 2018. Here, nineteen studies that fit pre-specified criteria for review and summary are included. Three of these, one prospective cohort study, one randomized controlled trial, and a post hoc analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) sodium trial fulfilled the quality criteria for detailed critical appraisal, including risk of bias assessment, and commentary. Two trials demonstrated a positive association between salt intake and blood pressure. In a cohort of older Italians, increased risk of total mortality was observed with salt intake less than ~16 g/d (6300 mg sodium/d) at baseline; no association existed for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD mortality. The paucity of published studies which met our criteria for methodological quality is of concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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4. Impact of mHealth Interventions on Supporting Dietary Adherence in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.
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Thom, Sarah J.M., Sivakumar, Bridve, Ayodele, Temitope, Tan, Maria C., Brown, Jacqueline Marie, and Arcand, JoAnne
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CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *EVALUATION of medical care , *SOCIAL support , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *DIET , *HEALTH behavior , *PATIENT compliance , *TELEMEDICINE , *HEALTH promotion , *EVALUATION - Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to determine if mobile health (mHealth) interventions, and which intervention characteristics, effectively support dietary adherence and reduce risk factors in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using 7 databases, studies involving adult participants with specific CVD diagnoses, mHealth intervention testing, and dietary adherence assessment were identified. Systematic reviews, qualitative studies, or studies testing interventions involving open dialogue between participants and health care providers or researchers were excluded. Two independent reviewers conducted screening and assessed the risk of bias. Thirteen studies involved participants with prehypertension (n = 1), hypertension (n = 9), coronary artery disease (n = 2), and heart failure (n = 1). mHealth interventions in 8 studies improved dietary adherence, 4 showed mixed results, and 1 showed no improvements. Eight studies found interactive text and/or application-based mHealth intervention features effectively improved dietary adherence. One study had a low risk of bias, 2 had some concerns/moderate risk, and 10 had a high/critical or serious risk. In most included studies, mHealth interventions positively impacted dietary adherence for patients with CVD. Clinicians may recommend mHealth interventions to support nutrition education and self-management for their patients with CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours Related to Physician-Delivered Dietary Advice for Patients with Hypertension.
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Dash, Sarah, Delibasic, Victoria, Alsaeed, Sadeem, Ward, Michael, Jefferson, Katherine, Manca, Donna P., and Arcand, JoAnne
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COUNSELING , *DIET , *SODIUM content of food , *HYPERTENSION , *NUTRITION , *PRIMARY health care , *PROFESSIONS , *SURVEYS , *JOB performance , *ACCESS to information , *CROSS-sectional method , *ELECTRONIC health records , *PHYSICIANS' attitudes - Abstract
Dietary modifications are key health behaviour recommendations for the prevention and management of hypertension, a leading contributor of global disease burden. Despite this, few primary care physicians discuss nutrition with their patients. This study describes the barriers and facilitators to the provision of dietary advice for hypertension prevention and management among Canadian physicians. A validated 62-item cross-sectional survey was distributed online to 103 Canadian primary care physicians between 2017 and 2019. Eighty participants were included in the analyses. The majority of participants were based in Ontario (68.7%) and saw 10–24 patients per week (53.5%). Fewer than half (47.5%) of participants were knowledgeable about the recommended sodium level by Hypertension Canada (< 2000 mg/day) and 38.8% felt it was difficult to know which foods are high or low in sodium. Approximately one quarter felt the findings about sodium and hypertension and cardiovascular disease are controversial. Other significant barriers were: not enough time to talk to patients about diet (76.3%), belief that patients are not truthful about their diet (76.3%), patients would not follow their advice (46.8%), and that it was difficult to keep up with so many guidelines (50.0%). Many identified that electronic medical record tools (80.8%), access to dietitians (84.9%), or more nutrition education in medical training (65.8%) would help facilitate advice. Given the importance of diet and the central role of physicians in motivating dietary change among patients, approaches are required to address identified barriers and facilitators to providing dietary advice to reduce the burden of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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6. The International Consortium for Quality Research on Dietary Sodium/Salt (TRUE) position statement on the use of 24-hour, spot, and short duration (<24 hours) timed urine collections to assess dietary sodium intake.
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Campbell, Norm R. C., He, Feng J., Tan, Monique, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Neal, Bruce, Woodward, Mark, Cogswell, Mary E., McLean, Rachael, Arcand, Joanne, MacGregor, Graham, Whelton, Paul, Jula, Antti, L'Abbe, Mary R., Cobb, Laura K., and Lackland, Daniel T.
- Abstract
The International Consortium for Quality Research on Dietary Sodium/Salt (TRUE) is a coalition of intentional and national health and scientific organizations formed because of concerns low-quality research methods were creating controversy regarding dietary salt reduction. One of the main sources of controversy is believed related to errors in estimating sodium intake with urine studies. The recommendations and positions in this manuscript were generated following a series of systematic reviews and analyses by experts in hypertension, nutrition, statistics, and dietary sodium. To assess the population's current 24-hour dietary sodium ingestion, single complete 24-hour urine samples, collected over a series of days from a representative population sample, were recommended. To accurately estimate usual dietary sodium at the individual level, at least 3 non-consecutive complete 24-hour urine collections obtained over a series of days that reflect the usual short-term variations in dietary pattern were recommended. Multiple 24-hour urine collections over several years were recommended to estimate an individual's usual long-term sodium intake. The role of single spot or short duration timed urine collections in assessing population average sodium intake requires more research. Single or multiple spot or short duration timed urine collections are not recommended for assessing an individual's sodium intake especially in relationship to health outcomes. The recommendations should be applied by scientific review committees, granting agencies, editors and journal reviewers, investigators, policymakers, and those developing and creating dietary sodium recommendations. Low-quality research on dietary sodium/salt should not be funded, conducted, or published. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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7. Paucity of high-quality studies reporting on salt and health outcomes from the science of salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (April 2017 to March 2018).
- Author
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Petersen, Kristina S., Rae, Sarah, Venos, Erik, Malta, Daniela, Trieu, Kathy, Santos, Joseph Alvin, Thout, Sudhir Raj, Webster, Jacqui, Campbell, Norm R. C., and Arcand, JoAnne
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HYPERTENSION epidemiology , *ALBUMINURIA , *COMPARATIVE studies , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *HYPERTENSION , *MASS media , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *NUTRITIONAL assessment , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH funding , *SALT-free diet , *QUALITATIVE research , *EVALUATION research , *FERRANS & Powers Quality of Life Index , *STANDARDS - Abstract
The purpose of this review is to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary salt and health outcomes that were published from April 2017 to March 2018. The search strategy was adapted from a previous systematic review on dietary salt and health. Identified studies were screened based on a priori defined criteria to identify publications eligible for detailed critical appraisals. Overall, 6747 citations were identified by the search strategy, and 42 health outcome studies were identified. Three of the 42 studies met the criteria for methodological quality and health outcomes and underwent detailed critical appraisals and commentary. In addition, a systematic review and meta-analysis was critically appraised, although it did not strictly meet our methodological criteria. All four of the studies critically appraised found that sodium reduction improved blood pressure, especially in individuals with hypertension. In addition, sodium reduction reduced albuminuria in patients with stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease. Examination of the time course of blood pressure responses to sodium reduction revealed lowering sodium in the context of an average American diet may not produce maximal blood pressure reductions within a 4-week intervention period. This review provides further evidence of the benefit of sodium reduction for blood pressure lowering and gives insights into the subgroups of the population that may derive the greatest benefit from sodium reduction and the time course required to see benefit. Only three high-quality studies were identified during this 12-month review period, highlighting the critical need for more well-conducted rigorous studies in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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8. High sodium intake increases blood pressure and risk of kidney disease. From the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (August 2016 to March 2017).
- Author
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Malta, Daniela, Petersen, Kristina S., Johnson, Claire, Trieu, Kathy, Rae, Sarah, Jefferson, Katherine, Santos, Joseph Alvin, Wong, Michelle M. Y., Raj, Thout Sudhir, Webster, Jacqui, Campbell, Norm R. C., and Arcand, JoAnne
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KIDNEY disease treatments , *HYPERTENSION epidemiology , *BLOOD pressure , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *HEALTH status indicators , *HYPERTENSION , *KIDNEY diseases , *META-analysis , *QUALITY of life , *SALT , *SALT-free diet , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *CROSS-sectional method , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *CASE-control method , *DISEASE complications ,CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality - Abstract
The purpose of this review was to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary salt and health outcomes that were published from August 2016 to March 2017. The search strategy was adapted from a previous systematic review on dietary salt and health. Studies that meet standards for methodological quality criteria and eligible health outcomes are reported in detailed critical appraisals. Overall, 47 studies were identified and are summarized in this review. Two studies assessed all-cause or disease-specific mortality outcomes, eight studies assessed morbidity reduction-related outcomes, three studies assessed outcomes related to symptoms/quality of life/functional status, 25 studies assessed blood pressure (BP) outcomes and other clinically relevant surrogate outcomes, and nine studies assessed physiologic surrogate outcomes. Eight of these studies met the criteria for outcomes and methodological quality and underwent detailed critical appraisals and commentary. Five of these studies found adverse effects of salt intake on health outcomes (BP; death due to kidney disease and initiation of dialysis; total kidney volume and composite of kidney function; composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events including, and risk of mortality); one study reported the benefits of salt restriction in chronic BP and two studies reported neutral results (BP and risk of CKD). Overall, these articles confirm the negative effects of excessive sodium intake on health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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9. The Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of the implementation of salt reduction interventions (March-August 2016).
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Santos, Joseph Alvin, Trieu, Kathy, Raj, Thout Sudhir, Arcand, JoAnne, Johnson, Claire, Webster, Jacqui, and McLean, Rachael
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BREAD , *SODIUM content of food , *HEALTH planning , *HYPERTENSION , *SALT , *SALT-free diet , *SYSTEMATIC reviews ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
This review aims to identify, summarize, and appraise studies reporting on the implementation of salt reduction interventions that were published between March and August 2016. Overall, 40 studies were included: four studies evaluated the impact of salt reduction interventions, while 36 studies were identified as relevant to the design, assessment, and implementation of salt reduction strategies. Detailed appraisal and commentary were undertaken on the four studies that measured the impact of the interventions. Among them, different evaluation approaches were adopted; however, all demonstrated positive health outcomes relating to dietary salt reduction. Three of the four studies measured sodium in breads and provided consistent evidence that sodium reduction in breads is feasible and different intervention options are available. None of the studies were conducted in low- or lower middle-income countries, which stresses the need for more resources and research support for the implementation of salt reduction interventions in these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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