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The article discusses the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer prevention. It mentions about prophylactic vaccines that generate HPV specific antibodies which bind to the virus preventing it from infecting cervical epithelial cells. It states about strategies for exploiting HPV testing in cervical screening such as treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and informs that cervical cytology is labour intensive.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy diagnosed in women worldwide. Nearly all cases of cervical cancer result from infection with the human papillomavirus, and the prevention of cervical cancer includes screening and vaccination. Primary treatment options for patients with cervical cancer may include surgery or a concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen consisting of cisplatin-based chemotherapy with external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Cervical cancer causes more than one quarter of a million deaths per year as a result of grossly deficient treatments in many developing countries. This warrants a concerted global effort to counter the shocking loss of life and suffering that largely goes unreported. This article provides a review of the biology, prevention, and treatment of cervical cancer, and discusses the global cervical cancer crisis and efforts to improve the prevention and treatment of the disease in underdeveloped countries. Cancer 2017;123:2404-12. © 2017 American Cancer Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]