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The paper studies reading in the digital age and grounds characteristic reading features on paper and the screen. We studied various scientific points on the uniqueness of reading activities in various formats, effectiveness, and perception of readers about printed and electronic texts. The study concludes that screen-reading practices keep evolving. Digital reading dynamically changes the communication environment, speeding up and simplifying access to information. The new reading format has many opportunities and advantages, and it transforms the reading skills and habits of society. Although it revives social reading, it intensifies the digital divide, leading to a secondary mental cognitive digital divide, and modifies the personal reading experience of contemporaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Pencils and papers are ubiquitous in our society and have been widely used for writing and drawing, because they are easy to use, low-cost, widely accessible, and disposable. However, their applications in emerging skin-interfaced health monitoring and interventions are still not well explored. Herein, we report a variety of pencil-paper-based on-skin electronic devices, including biophysical (temperature, biopotential) sensors, sweat biochemical (pH, uric acid, glucose) sensors, thermal stimulators, and humidity energy harvesters. Among these devices, pencil-drawn graphite patterns (or combined with other compounds) serve as conductive traces and sensing electrodes, and office-copy papers work as flexible supporting substrates. The enabled devices can perform real-time, continuous, and high-fidelity monitoring of a range of vital biophysical and biochemical signals from human bodies, including skin temperatures, electrocardiograms, electromyograms, alpha, beta, and theta rhythms, instantaneous heart rates, respiratory rates, and sweat pH, uric acid, and glucose, as well as deliver programmed thermal stimulations. Notably, the qualities of recorded signals are comparable to those measured with conventional methods. Moreover, humidity energy harvesters are prepared by creating a gradient distribution of oxygen-containing groups on office-copy papers between pencil-drawn electrodes. One single-unit device (0.87 cm²) can generate a sustained voltage of up to 480 mV for over 2 h from ambient humidity. Furthermore, a self-powered on-skin iontophoretic transdermal drug-delivery system is developed as an on-skin chemical intervention example. In addition, pencil-paper-based antennas, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) circuits with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and batteries, reconfigurable assembly and biodegradable electronics (based on water-soluble papers) are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. Membranes were chemical and physically characterized and compared to Nafion®. Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Pyocyanin is a toxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here we describe a novel paper-based electrochemical sensor for pyocyanin detection, manufactured with a simple and inexpensive approach based on electrode printing on paper. The resulting sensors constitute an effective electrochemical method to quantify pyocyanin in bacterial cultures without the conventional time consuming pretreatment of the samples. The electrochemical properties of the paper-based sensors were evaluated by ferri/ferrocyanide as a redox mediator, and showed reliable sensing performance. The paper-based sensors readily allow for the determination of pyocyanin in bacterial cultures with high reproducibility, achieving a limit of detection of 95 nM and a sensitivity of 4.30 μA/μM in standard culture media. Compared to the similar commercial ceramic based sensors, it is a 2.3-fold enhanced performance. The simple in-house fabrication of sensors for pyocyanin quantification allows researchers to understand in vitro adaptation of P. aeruginosa infections via rapid screenings of bacterial cultures that otherwise are expensive and time-consuming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Paper is a widely used packaging material and is nowadays regaining importance, e.g., as bio-based and biodegradable material. Moreover, new technologies such as polymer-fiber composites, printed electronics and the deep drawing of paper are developing. The process stability and also the resulting quality of paper converting processes such as coating, metallization, printing, and the printing of electronics are highly affected by the hygroexpansion of paper. In order to reduce production instability and to choose and develop paper substrates with ideal characteristics, critical parameters need to be known. This paper offers an extensive overview of those parameters, starting at a molecular and microscopic level with the effect of the constituents and morphology of single fibers, before moving on to paper contents, chemical modifications and additives and finally concluding with paper production and fiber network modification. It was found that the major influences are single fiber sorption, inter-fiber contacts, microfibril angle, fiber morphology (length, width, curliness) and fiber orientation. This review gives new ideas and insights for technologists working in research, development and production optimization of paper-based products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Abstract: Recent progress in both low pretilt and high pretilt defect-free C1 surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) devices for e-paper application is reviewed. First, by using numerical calculation to investigate the balance between surface azimuthal anchoring energy and bulk elastic energy within the confined chevron layer geometry of C1 and C2, we found it is possible to achieve a zigzag-free C1 state by low azimuthal anchoring alignment with a low pretilt angle. The critical azimuthal anchoring coefficient for defect-free C1 state is calculated. Its relationship with elastic constants, chevron angle, and surface topography effect are also discussed. Second, by using 5° oblique SiO deposition alignment, a defect-free, large memory angle, high contrast ratio, and bistable C1 SSFLC display, which has potential for electronic paper applications has also been developed. The electro-optical properties and bistability of this device have been investigated. Various aspects of defect control are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...

A novel microelectromechanical-systems (MEMS)- controlled paper-like transmissive flexible display device wasmodeled by a combination of a cantilever with a flat plate and was realized by roll-to-roll printing process for the first time. This model provides predictions as well as improvement suggestions to both mechanical and electrical designs. A newly developed roll-to-roll printing process which was composed of flexography, gravure, lift-off, and lamination techniques used to manufacture this device was proved applicable on flexible electronics with high-volume, low-cost, and large-area solutions. This 20 V-driven device provided distinguishable three primary colors with averaged transmittance of 50% in visible region for full color flexible display applications and showed commercialization compatibility. Its electrical, mechanical, and optical characteristics excelled previous similar works. The proved major advantages of mechanical reliability, low operation voltage, and process simplicity done by this work made the MEMS flexible display an important alternative to electrophoretic, electrowetting, and electrochromic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

A simple scheme that achieves the capacity and the reliability function of the wideband Costa dirty-paper channel is proposed. The scheme can be interpreted as an opportunistic version of pulse position modulation (PPM). This interpretation suggests a natural generalization of the scheme which we show to achieve the capacity per unit cost of Gel'fand-Pinsker channels with a zero-cost input letter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

For many years, it was thought that passive matrix addressing of electrophoretic image displays (EPIDs) was impossible due to the absence of a threshold. We proved that there are ways to bypass this [Proc. 22nd Int. Display Res. Conf. (2002) 251]. However, the physical basis was not fully understood. This article presents new insights in the physics of EPIDs. By applying the theory of dielectrophoresis (DEP), several discrepancies between theory and measurement, that occurred in explaining properties of EPIDs, are solved. We introduce a new terminology: DEPIDs. For the first time the theory of DEP is applied to model the movement of pigments in electronic paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...

Smart healthcare management is one of the frontier research directions. It is vital to achieve life assistance through data science, innovative technology, and wearable devices for residents who age at home. This paper analyzes 42 aids of intelligent communities in residents' physical, psychological, and medical aspects to understand the demand factors for health-assisted public products and services. The results show that: (1) the importance of intelligent assistance technology is significant; (2) the demand for medical monitoring is the highest, especially for an emergency button, fall detection, sleep drop detection, electronic fence, and medication management; (3) remote nursing and telemedicine has the most significant direct and indirect effect on the need for elderly assistance respectively; and (4) health monitoring affects the need for aging assistance by affecting emergency assistance and psychological assistance. Finally, this paper proposes construction strategies for the space design and the elderly care system of communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Electronic death certification was established in France in 2007. A methodology based on intrinsic characteristics of death certificates was designed to compare the quality of electronic versus paper death certificates. Methods: All death certificates from the 2010 French mortality database were included. Three specific quality indicators were considered: (i) amount of information, measured by the number of causes of death coded on the death certificate; (ii) intrinsic consistency, explored by application of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) General Principle, using an international automatic coding system (Iris); (iii) imprecision, measured by proportion of death certificates where the selected underlying cause of death was imprecise. Multivariate models were considered: a truncated Poisson model for indicator (i) and binomial models for indicators (ii) and (iii). Adjustment variables were age, gender, and cause, place, and region of death. Results: 533,977death certificates were analyzed. After adjustment, electronic death certificates contained 19% [17%-20%] more codes than paper death certificates for people deceased under 65 years, and 12% [11%-13%] more codes for people deceased over 65 years. Regarding deceased under and over 65 respectively, the ICD General Principle could be applied 2% [0%-4%] and 6% [5%-7%] more to electronic than to paper death certificates. The proportion of imprecise death certificates was 51% [46%-56%] lower for electronic than for paper death certificates. Conclusion: The method proposed to evaluate the quality of death certificates is easily reproducible in countries using an automatic coding system. According to our criteria, electronic death certificates are better completed than paper death certificates. The transition to electronic death certificates is positive in many aspects and should be promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Integrating cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, with PEDOT:PSS, the most commercially available conducting polymer, can create multifunctional conductive nanopapers for sustainable electronics. However, conventional PEDOT:PSS/cellulose composites often exhibit limited conductivity, primarily due to the random distribution of PEDOT and the aggregation of PSS within the cellulose matrix. Herein, we introduce a confined phase separation approach that leverages the inherent physical characteristics of the cellulose substrate to enhance the performance of these composites. By systematically investigating the influence of the external surface area of nanocellulose on PEDOT:PSS coverage and composition evolution, we demonstrate that a higher external surface area ensures uniform PEDOT:PSS coating on nanocellulose networks and facilitates effective PSS removal during secondary doping. This process enhances phase separation and promotes ordered alignment of PEDOT chains along nanocellulose, resulting in an electrical conductivity of up to 252 S cm−1. Such highly conductive nanopapers exhibit exceptional performances in supercapacitors and electromagnetic shielding, achieving an ultrahigh specific electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 33,122 dB cm2 g⁻1 at only 6 μm thickness. Our study highlights the critical role of cellulose substrate selection at the nanoscale and elucidates the interactions within conducting polymers, offering a promising pathway for developing high-performance, sustainable electronics. Leveraging nanocellulose's external surface area to ensure uniform PEDOT:PSS coating and subsequent effective PSS removal, a highly conductive cellulose nanopaper with ordered PEDOT alignment on nanocellulose is constructed, showing extraordinary conductivity up to 252 S cm−1 and exceptional performance in supercapacitors and electromagnetic shielding. [Display omitted] • High external surface area nanocellulose ensures uniform PEDOT:PSS coating and effective PSS removal. • Highly conductive cellulose nanopaper with ordered PEDOT alignment on nanocellulose. • Specific electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 33,122 dB cm2 g⁻1 at 6 μm thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

A complete characterization of the inkjet printing process using metallic nanoparticle inks on a paper substrate for microwave frequencies up to 12.5 GHz as well as its application to low-cost, high gain and wideband antenna design are demonstrated in this work. Laser and heat sintering of metallic nanoparticles are compared on paper substrate for the first time which demonstrate immense cost and time benefits of laser sintering. The antennas fabricated using the characterized process include a Vivaldi for the UWB band which exhibits a significantly higher gain of up to 8 dBi as compared to the currently published inkjet printed antennas, and a novel slow-wave log periodic dipole array which employs a new miniaturization technique to show 20% width reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] more...

The article discusses how to review student papers electronically in the U.S. It provides a solution on the review of student work in the traditional method by using the revision and automation tools in Microsoft Word 2007 including Comments, Tracking and Changes. Technical Editor Carolyn D. Rude notes the importance of using electronic editing in accelerating the editing process and semi-automate uninteresting tasks. more...

The Korea superconducting tokamak advanced research (KSTAR), which is under construction at the National Fusion R&D Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea, has the mission to develop a steady-state capable advanced superconducting tokamak to establish the scientific and technological bases for a fusion reactor. After an intensive R&D program, substantial progress of the KSTAR tokamak engineering had been made on major tokamak structures, superconducting magnets, in-vessel components, diagnostic system, heating system, and power supplies with industrial manufacturers by May 2002. The engineering design has been elaborated to the extent necessary to allow a realistic assessment of its feasibility, performance, and cost. Since May 2003, the project has been in the phase of procurement. The fabrication of main tokamak structure such as vacuum vessel, cryostat, and supporting structures is well progressed. The manufacturing work of superconducting coils is also proceeding favorably. The tokaniak assembly started in July 2003 after site preparation and assembly jig. The start of commissioning is scheduled for June 2006. This paper describes the key features and engineering progress of the KSTAR tokamak and elaborates the work currently underway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The integration of rigid electronic components into stretchable materials is a complex challenge due to contrary material properties. This paper shows a novel approach for the embedding of electronic components into flexible and stretchable polymer substrates using a stereolithographic process that leads to stress reduction during stretching. The key factor is the multi-material printing with various elastic material properties. The paper shows a miniaturized packaged component (e.g. 0201 LED) in a flexible and stretchable substrate based on three different materials. The first material has rigid properties (stiffness 42.25 N/mm) and surrounds a small area of the LED with about 500 µm peripheral frame. The main purpose of this material is to round up the sharp edges of the LED to the next material. The second material is more elastic (stiffness 0.11 N/mm) and surrounds the first embedded LED. The purpose of the implementation of the second intermediate material is to spread the load between the LED and stretchable substrate caused by stretching. The third material has even higher elastic properties (stiffness 0.05 N/ mm) and builds up the main part of the stretchable substrate (size of (4.5x34) mm2). After the fabrication of the multi-material substrate with the embedded LED, horseshoe conductive traces are screen printed with conductive paste. Finally, the embedded LED substrate with the conductive traces is cured at 125 °C. The final stretchable substrate with the embedded LED was able to stretch up to about 25 % for 30 cycles without disturbing the electrical function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Porous microstructure pressure sensors that are highly sensitive, reliable, low-cost, and environment-friendly have aroused wide attention in intelligent biomedical diagnostics, human–machine interactions, and soft robots. Here, an all-tissue-based piezoresistive pressure sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and reliability based on the bottom interdigitated tissue electrode and the top bridge of a microporous tissue/carbon nanotube composite was proposed. Such pressure sensors exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity (≈1911.4 kPa−1), fast response time (<5 ms), low fatigue of over 2000 loading/unloading cycles, and robust environmental degradability. These enabled sensors can not only monitor the critical physiological signals of the human body but also realize electrothermal conversion at a specific voltage, which enhances the possibility of creating wearable thermotherapy electronics for protecting against rheumatoid arthritis and cervical spondylosis. Furthermore, the sensor successfully transmitted wireless signals to smartphones via Bluetooth, indicating its potential as reliable skin-integrated electronics. This work provides a highly feasible strategy for promoting high-performance wearable thermotherapy electronics for the next-generation artificial skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

In this paper, we investigated the applicability of ChatGPT AI in electronics research and development via a case study of applied sensors in embedded electronic systems, a topic that is rarely mentioned in the recent literature, thus providing new insight for professionals and academics. The initial electronics-development tasks of a smart home project were prompted to the ChatGPT system to find out its capabilities and limitations. We wanted to obtain detailed information on the central processing controller units and the actual sensors usable for the specific project, their specifications and recommendations on the hardware and software design flow additionally. Furthermore, an extensive literature survey was requested to see if the bot could offer scientific papers covering the given topic. It was found that the ChatGPT responded with proper recommendations on controllers. However, the suggested sensor units, the hardware and software design were only partially acceptable, with occasional errors in specifications and generated code. The results of the literature survey showed that non-acceptable, fabricated citations (fake authors list, title, journal details and DOI—Digital Object identifier) were presented by the bot. The paper provides a detailed qualitative analysis, a performance analysis and critical discussion of the aforementioned aspects while providing the query set, the generated answers and codes as supplied data with the goal to give added value to electronics researchers and developers if trying to reach out for the tools in their profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of using inexpensive, commercial electronics such as a smartwatch or chest belt to measure human physiological functions while driving in vehicle simulator, both to improve safety and to use these devices in other experiments to facilitate their conduct and replace more complex laboratory equipment. In the first part of the paper, the signs of stress and cognitive load through physiological functions are researched, then the possibilities of measuring these signs are explored. This is followed by an experiment in which two commonly available devices are compared in terms of accuracy and usefulness for measurement during the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

High thermal conductivity and a high breakdown field make diamond a promising candidate for high-power and high-temperature semiconductor devices. Diamond also has a higher radiation hardness than silicon. Recent studies show that diamond has exceptionally large electron and hole momentum relaxation times, facilitating compact THz and sub-THz plasmonic sources and detectors working at room temperature and elevated temperatures. The plasmonic resonance quality factor in diamond TeraFETs could be larger than unity for the 240–600 GHz atmospheric window, which could make them viable for 6G communications applications. This paper reviews the potential and challenges of diamond technology, showing that diamond might augment silicon for high-power and high-frequency compact devices with special advantages for extreme environments and high-frequency applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

A new method of actuating liquid metal using capillary action via paper media is presented. This actuation method uses no electrical power and is capable of moving a liquid-metal slug up to 3 mm/s. A microstrip transmission line switch was fabricated to demonstrate this new actuation method. This switch has >40 dB isolation and <2 dB insertion loss across a 5-GHz span. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

On-orbit Servicing in the form of space-manufacturing, refuelling, assembly and robotic manipulation are deemed to become a fundamental part of the space market in the short-to-middle term. One of the key aspects to reach extensive use of OOS operations is having a standardized, reliable, and cost-effective interface that embeds as much functionality as possible to simplify operations. In this context, SENER Aeroespacial has developed SIROM (Standard Interface for Robotic Manipulation), which provides mechanical coupling, electric interface, thermal and data transfer in a single compact solution. In this paper, the current design for SIROM is presented, with a focus on the electronics subsystem and the integration of the electromechanical design. A functional breakdown of the electronic boards is presented after a review of the current state of the art. For the validation, a TRL6 Test Campaign that was successfully passed in early 2021, including vibration, temperature, vacuum and life tests. Its results are presented here, along with the details of the functional validation on the context of the EROSS project in May/June 2021. To conclude the paper, on-going projects involving the SIROM interface are reviewed, finishing with future lines of development on the SIROM roadmap. • On Orbit Servicing is becoming a fundamental part of the space market. • SENER designed the SIROM interface for this purpose, developing a fully integrated model in 2021. • SIROM has passed a qualification campaign for Technology Readiness Level 6. • SIROM has been validated in the H2020 project EROSS in an On Orbit Servicing scenario. • SIROM is developing to reach TRL 8 as part of European projects (MIRROR, PERIOD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The major challenge faced by electronic device designers is to defend the system from attackers and malicious modules called Hardware Trojans and to deliver a secured design. Although there are many cryptographic preventive measures in place adversaries find different ways to attack the device. Differential Power Analysis (DPA) attack is a type of Side Channel Attacks, used by an attacker to analyze the power leakage in the circuit, through which the functionality of the circuit is extracted. To overcome this, a lightweight approach is proposed in this paper using, Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL) technique, without incurring any additional resource cost and power. The primary objective of WDDL is to make the power consumption constant of an entire circuit by restricting the leakage power. The alternate strategy used by an adversary is to leak the information through reverse engineering. The proposed work avoids this by using a bit sequencer and a modified butterfly PUF based randomizing architecture. A modified version of butterfly PUF is also proposed in this paper, and from various qualitative tests performed it is evident that this PUF can prevent information leakage. This work is validated on ISCAS 85, ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits and the results obtained indicate that the difference in leakage power is found to be very marginal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Structural health monitoring of aircraft assures safety, integrity and reduces cost-related concerns by reducing the number of times maintenance is required. Under aerodynamic loading, aircraft is subjected to strain, in turn causing damage and breakdown. This paper presents a review of experimental works, which focuses on monitoring strain of various parts of aircraft using optical fibre sensors. In addition, this paper presents a discussion and review on different types of optical fibre sensors used for structural health monitoring (SHM) of aircraft. However, the focus of this paper is on fibre bragg gratings (FBGs) for strain monitoring. Here, FBGs are discussed in detail because they have proved to be most viable and assuring technology in this field. In most cases of strain monitoring, load conditioning and management employs finite element method (FEM). However, more effort is still required in finding the accurate positions in real time where the sensors can be placed in the structure and responds under complex deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

In recent decades, low-dimensional nanodevices have shown great potential to extend Moore's Law. The n-type semiconductors already have several candidate materials for semiconductors with high carrier transport and device performance, but the development of their p-type counterparts remains a challenge. As a p-type narrow bandgap semiconductor, tellurium nanostructure has outstanding electrical properties, controllable bandgap, and good environmental stability. With the addition of methods for synthesizing various emerging tellurium nanostructures with controllable size, shape, and structure, tellurium nanomaterials show great application prospects in next-generation electronics and optoelectronic devices. For tellurium-based nanomaterials, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are the main characterization methods for their morphology. In this paper, the controllable synthesis methods of different tellurium nanostructures are reviewed, and the latest progress in the application of tellurium nanostructures is summarized. The applications of tellurium nanostructures in electronics and optoelectronics, including field-effect transistors, photodetectors, and sensors, are highlighted. Finally, the future challenges, opportunities, and development directions of tellurium nanomaterials are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Describes the above-named upcoming special issue or section. May include topics to be covered or calls for papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an introduction to the March 01, 2005 issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications."

The International Institute of Knowledge Innovation and Invention (IIKII) is an institute that promotes the exchange of innovations and inventions, and establishes a communication platform for international innovations and researches. In 2019, IIKII cooperated with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Tainan Section Sensors Council to hold IEEE conferences such as IEEE ICIASE 2019, IEEE ECBIOS 2019, IEEE ICKII 2019, ICUSA-GAME 2019, and IEEE ECICE 2019. This Special Issue entitled "Selected Papers from IIKII 2019 conferences" aims to select excellent papers from IIKII 2019 conferences, including symmetry in physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and computer science, etc. It selected 21 excellent papers from 750 papers presented in IIKII 2019 conferences on the topic of symmetry. The main goals of this Special Issue are to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible, and to discover new scientific knowledge relevant to the topic of symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper describes a novel approach to fabricate paper-based electric circuits consisting of a paper matrix embedded with three-dimensional (3D) microchannels and liquid metal. Leveraging the high electric conductivity and good flowability of liquid metal, and metallophobic property of paper, it is possible to keep electric and mechanical functionality of the electric circuit even after a thousand cycles of deformation. Embedding liquid metal into paper matrix is a promising method to rapidly fabricate low-cost, disposable, and soft electric circuits for electronics. As a demonstration, we designed a programmable displacement transducer and applied it as variable resistors and pressure sensors. The unique metallophobic property, combined with softness, low cost and light weight, makes paper an attractive alternative to other materials in which liquid metal are currently embedded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The article discusses H.A. Wheeler Applications Prize Paper Award. The H. A. Wheeler Applications Prize Paper Award is presented to the authors of the best applications paper published in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics engineers Transactions on Antennas and Propagation during the previous year. The 2004 prize was awarded for the paper "Analysis and Design of Broad-Band Single-Layer Rectangular U-Slot Microstrip Patch Antennas" by Steven Weigand, Greg H. Huff, Kankan H. Pan, and Jennifer T. Bernhard. more...

The article presents abstracts of several research papers, which were presented in the XXXVI annual conference of the Indian Pharmacological Society that took place from December 5-7, 2003. The research paper study the pattern of usage of commonly used antimicrobial agents in paediatric patients admitted to the wards of Indira Gandhi Medical college and Hospital, Nagpur, with acute pneumonia. The study was conducted between May 2003 to July 2003 from fifty paediatric patients between 1 month to 14 years of age. The other research paper compares electronic versions of six letter cancellation test, digit symbol substitution test and four option mathematical test with the paper and pencil versions of these tests. more...

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper describes how educational communities perceive the stimulation of 21st-century skills in students. A quantitative approach was employed, following a descriptive non-experimental research design, with a sample of 692 subjects comprising teachers, students, and parents and guardians. The results reveal a perceived lack of stimulation of digital skills like robotics, electronics, and the development of mobile applications; social skills like taking a rights-based or gender-based approach; emotional skills like self-care and resilience; and cognitive skills like creative and computational thinking. In conclusion, educational communities exhibit only a moderate perception of the stimulation of 21st-century skills, which demonstrates a need to strengthen initiatives to promote these skills in the education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

We present simple, practical codes designed for the binary and Gaussian dirty-paper channels. We show that the dirty-paper decoding problem can be transformed into an equivalent multiple-access decoding problem, for which we apply superposition coding. Our concept is a generalization of the nested lattices approach of Zamir, Shamai, and Erez. In a theoretical setting, our constructions are capable of achieving capacity using random component codes and maximum-likelihood decoding. We also present practical implementations of the constructions, and simulation results for both dirty-paper channels. Our results for the Gaussian dirty-paper channel are on par with the best known results for nested lattices. We discuss the binary dirty-tape channel, for which we present a simple, effective coding technique. Finally, we propose a framework for extending our approach to general Gel'fand-Pinsker channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Thin polymeric films with dielectric properties become a very important part of today’s devices, being indispensable in industry, electrical applications and not only. Nowadays polymeric materials have attracted attention in academic and industrial research due to the miniaturization at the micro and nanoscale of different electronic devices. Polymers in general are used for their light weight, good mechanical strength, dielectric properties, and optical properties, which make them multifunctional materials. This paper presents research on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) thin films obtained by the sol-gel method. The optimization of thin film PMMA layers has been a problem due to the importance of using the polymer in the different electronic domains. Thin films of PMMA with different thicknesses were deposited onto glass and silicon wafers in order to measure dielectric properties. For dielectric properties, the PMMA thin layer was inserted in a metal-insulator-metal structure (MIM). In order to observe the morphology and roughness of thin film, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy have proceeded. The dielectric constant (k) was calculated using the electrical capacitance formula. The I-V and C-V curves showed a dielectric behavior with a leakage current between 10-11 and 10-8 A and a constant capacitance in the bias range ± 5 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Excessive use of electronic devices has become a major global problem. However, little is known about the development and current landscape of research concerning this field. This study aimed at exploring the overall publication trend and topics of research on the overuse of electronic devices and the Internet from 1971 to 2017. We systematically searched the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases for published articles on the excessive use of electronic devices and the Internet. Data regarding the publication volume, international collaborations, and geographical locations were analyzed by bibliometrics analysis. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was undertaken to categorize publications into different research topics. A total of 2,276 papers from the WOS and 600 papers from the Scopus were included. We found a dramatic increase in the number of scientific papers towards addiction to electronic devices and the Internet. The United State led in all publication parameters including the total number of papers and total citations. China, Korea and Taiwan were among the most prolific countries/regions. Smartphone addiction was the main concern, and the relationship between the overuse of electronic devices and the Internet and mental health issues have been highlighted. On the other hand, our study found a limited appearance of discussion on effective treatment and intervention. The findings of this study call for more national and international cooperation in evaluating and intervening addiction to electronic devices and the Internet to gather more knowledge about this phenomenon and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Excessive use of electronic devices has become a major global problem. However, little is known about the development and current landscape of research concerning this field. This study aimed at exploring the overall publication trend and topics of research on the overuse of electronic devices and the Internet from 1971 to 2017. We systematically searched the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases for published articles on the excessive use of electronic devices and the Internet. Data regarding the publication volume, international collaborations, and geographical locations were analyzed by bibliometrics analysis. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was undertaken to categorize publications into different research topics. A total of 2,276 papers from the WOS and 600 papers from the Scopus were included. We found a dramatic increase in the number of scientific papers towards addiction to electronic devices and the Internet. The United State led in all publication parameters including the total number of papers and total citations. China, Korea and Taiwan were among the most prolific countries/regions. Smartphone addiction was the main concern, and the relationship between the overuse of electronic devices and the Internet and mental health issues have been highlighted. On the other hand, our study found a limited appearance of discussion on effective treatment and intervention. The findings of this study call for more national and international cooperation in evaluating and intervening addiction to electronic devices and the Internet to gather more knowledge about this phenomenon and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS. The downloaded template must be used. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS. The downloaded template must be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]