1,283 results
Search Results
2. Young people's priorities for the self‐management of distress after stoma surgery due to inflammatory bowel disease: A consensus study using online nominal group technique.
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Saunders, Benjamin, Polidano, Kay, Bray, Lucy, Fisher, Tamsin, Corp, Nadia, McDermott‐Hughes, Megan, Farmer, Adam D., Morris, Beth, Fleetwood‐Beresford, Sahara, and Chew‐Graham, Carolyn A.
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CONSENSUS (Social sciences) , *SCALE analysis (Psychology) , *FERTILITY , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *STRESS management , *RESEARCH funding , *MEETINGS , *SURGICAL stomas , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EMOTIONS , *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases , *EXPERIENCE , *SURGICAL complications , *VIDEOCONFERENCING , *SOCIAL support , *GROUP process , *INTIMACY (Psychology) , *ADULTS ,PREVENTION of surgical complications - Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to gain consensus among young people with a stoma due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on the priorities for the content of an intervention for the self‐management of stoma‐related distress. The current identification and management of distress in young people with a stoma is often suboptimal in clinical settings and there is a need for improved support resources. Methods: Two consensus group meetings were carried out via online video conferencing, using nominal group technique. Participants generated, rated on a Likert scale and discussed, topics for inclusion in a future self‐management intervention. Results: Nineteen young people, aged 19–33, with a stoma due to IBD took part in one of two group meetings. Participants were located across England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Twenty‐nine topics were generated by participants, seven of which reached consensus of ≥80%, that is, a mean of ≥5.6 on a 7‐point Likert scale. These were: receiving advice from young people with lived experience of stoma surgery; advice on/addressing concerns about romantic relationships, sex and intimacy; information about fertility and pregnancy related to stoma surgery; stoma 'hacks', for example, useful everyday tips regarding clothing, making bag changes easier and so forth; reflecting on and recognising own emotional response to surgery; tips on managing the stoma during the night; and processing trauma related to the illness and surgery journey. Conclusions: Findings extend previous research on young people's experiences of stoma surgery, by generating consensus on young people's priorities for managing distress related to surgery and living with a stoma. These priorities include topics not previously reported in the literature, including the need for information about fertility and pregnancy. Findings will inform the development of a self‐management resource for young people with an IBD stoma and have relevance for the clinical management of stoma‐related distress in this population. Patient or Public Contribution: Three patient contributors are co‐authors on this paper, having contributed to the study design, interpretation of results and writing of the manuscript. The study's Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement advisory group also had an integral role in the study. They met with the research team for four 2‐h virtual meetings, giving input on the aims and purpose of the study, recruitment methods, and interpretation of findings. The group also advised on the age range for participants. The views of young people with a stoma are the central component of the study reported in this paper, which aims to gain consensus among young people with an IBD stoma on their priorities for the content of a resource to self‐manage distress related to stoma surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Emancipatory archival methods: Exploring the historical geographies of disability.
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Crawford, Laura
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HISTORICAL geography , *ARCHIVAL resources , *ETHICAL problems , *ARCHIVAL research , *RESEARCH ethics - Abstract
This paper focuses on the use of emancipatory research principles in archival research and contends with the suitability of academic conventions that characterise ethical practice when the research goal is to elevate the voices of marginalised historical groups. Drawing on a case study of Le Court Cheshire Home, England (1948–1975) to address a critical gap in the literature, I highlight some ethical dilemmas I encountered when working at the nexus of historical geography and geographies of disability. This paper demonstrates what an emancipatory research approach means for an archival study of disability, using examples to illustrate how ethical decisions impacted all stages of the research design and the write‐up of findings. I argue that ethics should not be envisaged solely as an approval process completed at the project's outset. Rather, the explorative nature of archival research necessitates that ethics should be an iterative undertaking, with archival sources having the potential to shape both the content and conduct of the research. The paper uses a case study of Le Court Cheshire Home to explore research ethics and the applicability of emancipatory research principles for an archival study of disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. 'Turning up and tuning in'. Factors associated with parental non‐attendance and non‐adherence in intervention for young children with speech, language communication needs.
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Williams, Penny, Slonims, Vicky, and Weinman, John
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TREATMENT of language disorders , *PATIENTS' families , *EFFECT sizes (Statistics) , *SELF-efficacy , *MATERNAL age , *MEDICAL personnel , *SATISFACTION , *DATA analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *PARENT-child relationships , *STATISTICAL sampling , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *PARENT attitudes , *PARENTING , *FAMILY relations , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SELF-control , *CHI-squared test , *CONFIDENCE , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *MEDICAL records , *TELEPHONES , *RESEARCH , *MEDICAL appointments , *ELECTRONIC health records , *STATISTICS , *PSYCHOLOGY of parents , *NEEDS assessment , *DATA analysis software , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *SPEECH therapy , *PATIENT participation , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *REGRESSION analysis , *SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) , *PATIENT aftercare - Abstract
Background: When parents bring their child to appointments and then adhere to agreed speech and language therapy (SLT) recommendations, there is the potential to increase the intensity of the intervention, support generalization and improve outcomes. In SLT, however, little is known about factors that may promote attendance or adherence. Studies in other clinical areas such in medicine, psychology and physiotherapy have identified risk factors for non‐attendance or non‐adherence that are multifactorial and variable dependent on, for example, population and intervention. Aims: To identify rates of non‐attendance and non‐adherence, and to identify parent or child factors associated with parent involvement in intervention for children under 5 years of age receiving SLT. Methods: Parents completed questionnaires at two time points assessing the domains of parents' beliefs (problem perceptions, self‐efficacy), personal circumstances (socio‐demographics, family functioning), treatment experience and child factors. Predictors of parent attendance and adherence were identified through multiple regression analyses. Non‐attendance rates were identified via local health records and non‐adherence ascertained using a specific parent‐reported measure within the treatment experience domain. Results: Participants (N = 199) were predominantly mothers, and were ethnically and socio‐economically diverse, speaking a wide range of languages. Their children presented with a range of speech, language communication needs (SLCN). The rate of non‐attendance was 25% and the main predictors of non‐attendance were maternal age, education level and two factors within the parent beliefs domain. This model explained 40% of the variance in attendance. The rate of non‐adherence in this cohort was 26% with parental rating of the importance of a recommendation and self‐efficacy beliefs predicting adherence; this explained 56% of the variance in adherence to SLT recommendations at home. Conclusions & Implications: Our research has provided preliminary evidence of the influence of parents' beliefs, personal circumstances and treatment experiences on their involvement in their child's therapy. Speech and language therapists should consider factors impacting attendance and adherence to treatment and explore parental perceptions of their child's SLCN before embarking on an intervention, a foundation for collaborative practice. A possible limitation of this study is that the levels of attrition in our sample led to generally high measured rates of participation, which should be considered in future studies. Future research should explore adherence in treatments with varying doses, with different types of SLCN or interventions and in different settings. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: It is acknowledged that parent involvement in their child's therapy, such as attending and adhering to recommendations, is important but little is known about the rates of involvement and what factors may be associated with attendance and adherence in SLT. Qualitative research has explored parental involvement suggesting that beliefs about an intervention may be pertinent. Extensive research in other clinical areas suggest multiple and varied factors are influential and further exploration of particular populations and interventions is necessary. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge: This study identified rates of parental non‐attendance and non‐adherence in a cohort of predominantly mothers of children under the age of 5 years. It is the first study to measure parent adherence in SLT and identify factors that are associated parental adherence to SLT recommendations. It adds to the small body of SLT specific research in understanding risk factors for non‐attendance. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: This study highlights the need for a speech and language therapist to consider and explore parents' perspectives of their child's SLCN as a part of achieving collaboration with a parent in order to achieve the best outcomes. It provides a foundation for further systematic research into parent involvement with the ultimate aim of enhancing outcomes for children with SLCN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Health systems, health policies, and health issues for people with intellectual disabilities in England.
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Breau, Genevieve
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NATIONAL health services , *DISABILITY laws , *DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION , *DIVERSITY & inclusion policies , *HEALTH policy , *INTELLECTUAL disabilities , *HUMAN rights , *SOCIAL case work , *ORGANIZATIONAL change , *HEALTH equity , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities face health disparities, including in high‐income countries such as the United Kingdom, despite publicly funded healthcare. This paper describes the healthcare system in England (a nation of the United Kingdom) for the general population, and more specifically for people with intellectual disabilities. Key legislation that impacts the lives of people with intellectual disabilities, such as the UK Equality Act 2010 (https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/contents), the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2005/9/contents), and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and its implementation in the United Kingdom, is discussed. The role of deinstitutionalization and the shift to living in the community for people with intellectual disabilities is also discussed. Programmes that have been implemented to address the health disparities experienced by people with intellectual disabilities are reviewed. Finally, the recent changes to healthcare organization in the UK, the COVID‐19 pandemic, and the implementation of the Valuing People white paper are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Current policy and legislation in England regarding older people - what this means for older people with learning disabilities: a discussion paper.
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Turner, Sue and Cooper Ueki, Madeline
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OLDER people with intellectual disabilities , *OLDER people with disabilities , *PEOPLE with learning disabilities , *DEVELOPMENTALLY disabled older people , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *CARE of dementia patients , *SOCIAL isolation , *OLDER people , *GOVERNMENT policy , *SERVICES for people with disabilities , *DIAGNOSIS of dementia , *TREATMENT of dementia , *EMPLOYMENT , *DISABILITY laws , *HEALTH planning , *HOUSING , *INTEGRATED health care delivery , *LONELINESS , *PEOPLE with intellectual disabilities , *POLICY sciences , *SOCIAL support , *PATIENT-centered care , *OLD age , *PREVENTION - Abstract
People with learning disabilities are living longer. Older people with learning disabilities should be included in policies and plans that are for all older people. National plans and policies for older people often do not say anything about older people with learning disabilities, and it is hard to know whether older people with learning disabilities are benefiting. People who plan services locally often do not have good information on older people with learning disabilities. Using the Equalities Act 2010 could help people who plan services and write policy to think about older people with learning disabilities but this is not happening at the moment. People who work with older people with learning disabilities should be aware of policy for all older people, so that older people with learning disabilities do not miss out. This paper seeks to explore the opportunities and challenges generated by current policy, guidance and legislation in England relating to older people, in terms of the practical implications for older people with learning disabilities. Using the broad themes housing, employment, social inclusion and isolation, care and support, and promoting better health and well-being, this paper discusses potential practical opportunities and concerns for older people with learning disabilities arising from policy and legislation such as current initiatives regarding integration, personalisation and the dementia policy. Consideration is given to the implications of changing policy and practice for both current and future generations of people with a learning disability as they reach older age. This discussion paper concludes that whilst there is potential for older people with a learning disability to benefit from policy and practice aimed at improving the lives of older people generally, the tendency for policy to be targeted at specific groups without adequately considering the diversity of those groups often leaves those with a learning disability at the margins of being able to make the most of changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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7. Counterblast: Some Discussion of the Home Office Discussion Paper 'Opportunity/Security as a Driver of Crime'.
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FARRELL, GRAHAM
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CRIME prevention , *LAW enforcement , *HEROIN - Abstract
The article presents information on the Discussion Paper issued by the Great Britain Home Office in 2015. Topics discussed in the paper include situational crime prevention, crime dtop in England and Wales, and drug misuse. Also being discussed are law enforcement, illicit heroin, and heroin-related acquisitive crime.
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- 2015
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8. The Lived Experience of Informal Caregivers of People Who Have Severe Mental Illness and Coexisting Long‐Term Conditions: A Qualitative Study.
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Carswell, C., Brown, J. V. E., Shiers, D., Ajjan, R., Balogun‐Katung, A., Bellass, S., Holt, R. I. G., Jacobs, R., Kellar, I., Lewisohn, C., Lister, J., Siddiqi, N., Sidorova, I., and Coventry, P.
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MENTAL illness treatment , *CHRONIC disease treatment , *PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout , *SECONDARY analysis , *QUALITATIVE research , *FOCUS groups , *RESEARCH funding , *LONG-term health care , *INTERVIEWING , *SEVERITY of illness index , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EXPERIENCE , *BURDEN of care , *THEMATIC analysis , *RESEARCH methodology , *PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers , *COMORBIDITY , *CAREGIVER attitudes - Abstract
Background: People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience higher rates and poorer outcomes of physical long‐term conditions (LTCs). The management of SMI and LTCs is highly complex and many people with SMI rely on informal carers for support, which may lead to high levels of caregiver burden, and caregiver burnout. Caregiver burnout can result in poor health outcomes for informal carers and a reduction in the quality of care they are able to provide. Therefore, it is important to understand the caring experience to identify and address factors that contribute to burden and burnout. Methods: This paper reports a secondary qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews and focus groups conducted with informal carers of people who have coexisting SMI and LTCs. We recruited 12 informal carers in England between December 2018 and April 2019. The transcripts were coded and analysed thematically. Results: We identified two overarching themes and five subthemes. The themes included 'Fighting on all fronts: Mounting strain between demands and resources', which described the challenge of providing care in the context of coexisting SMI and LTCs, and 'Safekeeping: The necessity of chronic hypervigilance', which captured how informal carers' roles were defined by managing high‐risk situations, leading to hypervigilance and paternalistic approaches to care. Conclusion: The experience of informal carers for people with SMI and coexisting LTCs is marked by limited access to support and the management of significant risk, which could contribute to high caregiver burden. Further primary research is needed to understand how the experiences of the caregiver role for people with SMI and LTCs influence caregiver burden. Patient or Public Contribution: Our PPI panel DIAMONDS Voice provided guidance on this study from conception, design and development of interview guides and recruitment materials to final write‐up. DIAMONDS Voice consists of service users and carers who have experience of SMI and LTCs. Three carer members reviewed the final manuscript, and two are credited as authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Does Family Structure Account for Child Achievement Gaps by Parental Education? Findings for England, France, Germany and the United States.
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Solaz, Anne, Panico, Lidia, Sheridan, Alexandra, Schneider, Thorsten, Dräger, Jascha, Waldfogel, Jane, Kwon, Sarah Jiyoon, Washbrook, Elizabeth, and Perinetti Casoni, Valentina
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FAMILY structure , *ACHIEVEMENT gap , *PERFORMANCE in children , *FAMILY roles , *HIGH-income countries , *PARENT-child relationships - Abstract
This paper explores the role of family trajectories during childhood in explaining inequalities by maternal education in children's math and reading skills using harmonized, longitudinal, and nationally representative surveys, which follow children over the course of primary and lower secondary school in four high‐income countries (England, France, Germany, and the United States). As single parenthood and family transitions are more likely among less educated parents and are associated with fewer resources for children, we explore whether growing up outside a stable two‐parent family mediates educational inequalities in math and reading scores. Results show a strong educational gradient in family trajectories in the four countries, but this varies by child age and by country. Children who experience a family transition record lower test scores, although the magnitude differs by the type of postseparation arrangements. Overall, family trajectories are strongly associated with children's math and reading scores but, because of the importance of selectivity in family trajectories, they play only a modest role in explaining the skills gaps by maternal education, considerably less than determinants such as income. The penalties associated with not living within a stable two‐parent family are always larger in the United States and England than in France and Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. 'Populism' and competing epistemic communities in English educational policy: A response to Craske and Watson.
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Menzies, Loic
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ENGLISH language education , *EDUCATION policy , *BELIEF & doubt , *POPULISM - Abstract
This article constitutes a 'reply and alternative' to two papers that appeared in a 2021 Special Issue of British Educational Research Journal. Both articles drew on theories of populism as a political logic to explain recent trends in England's education policy. I begin by highlighting how the contributors mobilise 'populist' political logics within their own 'anti‐populist' discourse. I then argue that the theory of epistemic communities, borrowed from the field of public policy analysis, offers an alternative interpretation of the dynamics described in (and exemplified by) the two articles. This alternative interpretation foregrounds the values, beliefs and policy enterprises of two rival communities that seek to influence education policy through the supply of expertise. I argue that attending to how these communities function helps explain how a new group of policy entrepreneurs has come to constitute an increasingly influential 'counter‐epistemic community' and established a mutually beneficial trade in legitimacy with English policy makers. To date, the theory of epistemic communities has been under‐utilised in the study of education policy, but applying the theory to education policy in England provides new insights into how these communities function when the nature of expertise is contested. England's educational policy context also exemplifies the importance of 'fit' between policy makers and experts' beliefs, and the role of policy makers in assembling and curating communities of experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Using social media to infer the diffusion of an urban contact dialect: A case study of Multicultural London English.
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Ilbury, Christian, Grieve, Jack, and Hall, David
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SOCIOLINGUISTICS , *SOCIAL media , *CULTURE diffusion , *DIALECTS , *GEOTAGGING , *SPEECH , *DIFFUSION of innovations , *SOCIAL networks - Abstract
Sociolinguistic research has demonstrated that 'urban contact dialects' tend to diffuse beyond the speech communities in which they first emerge. However, no research has attempted to explore the distribution of these varieties across an entire nation nor isolate the social mechanisms that propel their spread. In this paper, we use a corpus of 1.8 billion geo‐tagged tweets to explore the spread of Multicultural London English (MLE) lexis across the United Kingdom. We find evidence for the diffusion of MLE lexis from East and North London into other ethnically and culturally diverse urban centres across England, particularly those in the South (e.g. Luton), but find lower frequencies of MLE lexis in the North of England (e.g. Manchester), and in Scotland and Wales. Concluding, we emphasise the role of demographic similarity in the diffusion of linguistic innovations by demonstrating that this variety originated in London and diffused into other urban areas in England through the social networks of Black and Asian users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Harnessing mobility data to capture changing work from home behaviours between censuses.
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Gibbs, Hamish, Ballantyne, Patrick, Cheshire, James, Singleton, Alex, and Green, Mark A.
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TELECOMMUTING , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CENSUS , *EMPLOYMENT changes - Abstract
This paper provides an analysis of working from home patterns in England using data from the 2021 Census to understand (1) how patterns of working from home (WFH) in England have shifted since the COVID‐19 pandemic and (2) whether human mobility indicators, specifically Google Community Mobility Reports, provide a reliable proxy for WFH patterns recorded by the 2021 Census, providing a formal evaluation of the reliability of such datasets, whose applications have grown exponentially over the COVID‐19 pandemic. We find that WFH patterns recorded by the 2021 Census were unique compared with previous UK censuses, reflecting an unprecedented increase likely caused by persistent changes to employment during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a clear social gradient emerging across the country. We also find that Google mobility in 'Residential' and 'Workplace' settings provides a reliable measurement of the distribution of WFH populations across Local Authorities, with varying uncertainties for mobility indicators collected in different settings. These findings provide insights into the utility of such datasets to support population research in intercensal periods, where shifts may be occurring, but can be difficult to quantify empirically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. A tale of four cities: Neighbourhood diversification and residential desegregation in and around England's 'no majority' cities.
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Harris, Richard
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CITIES & towns , *CULTURAL pluralism , *RESIDENTIAL segregation , *NEIGHBORHOODS , *SEGREGATION , *CENSUS - Abstract
The publication of the 2021 Census data revealed that four English cities—Birmingham, Leicester, London and Manchester—are now 'no majority' cities, meaning that no ethnic group, including the White British, comprise a majority (more than half) of their populations. This paper explores the residential diversification of these cities to ask: whether that diversification is reflected in the average neighbourhood of all ethnic groups or just some; whether the decline in the number of White British means that 'enclaves' of other ethnic groups are emerging instead; whether the White British are avoiding living in diverse neighbourhoods; and whether a co‐occurrence of the diversification is that residential segregation between the White British and other groups is increasing within and beyond the boundaries of these cities. Using a harmonised set of cross‐census neighbourhoods to provide a consistent geography across the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses, the results show that the residential neighbourhoods of the four cities have increased their ethnic diversity for the average member of all ethnic groups. Despite some growth in the number of neighbourhoods where a group other than the White British form a majority, especially in Leicester, the overall conclusion is one of residential diversification happening alongside residential desegregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. 'Acceleration' of the food delivery marketplace: Perspectives of local authority professionals in the North‐East of England on temporary COVID regulations.
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Bradford, Callum P. J., O'Malley, Claire L., Moore, Helen J., Gray, Nick, Townshend, Tim G., Chang, Michael, Mathews, Claire, and Lake, Amelia A.
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MOBILE apps , *GOVERNMENT policy , *QUALITATIVE research , *FOCUS groups , *RESTAURANTS , *RESEARCH funding , *INTERVIEWING , *NUTRITIONISTS , *FOOD service , *UNCERTAINTY , *JUDGMENT sampling , *THEMATIC analysis , *FOOD supply , *PUBLIC health , *COVID-19 pandemic , *GOVERNMENT regulation - Abstract
In January 2021, we assessed the implications of temporary regulations in the United Kingdom allowing pubs and restaurants to operate on a takeaway basis without instigating a change of use. Local authorities (LAs) across the North‐East of England were unaware of any data regarding the take‐up of these regulations, partially due to ongoing capacity issues; participants also raised health concerns around takeaway use increasing significantly. One year on, we repeated the study aiming to understand the impact of these regulations on the policy and practice of key professional groups. Specifically, we wanted to understand if LAs were still struggling with staff capacity to address the regulations, whether professionals still had public health trepidations, and if any unexpected changes had occurred across the local food environment because of the pandemic. We conversed with 16 public health professionals, planners and environmental health officers across seven LAs throughout the North‐East of England via focus groups and interviews. Data collated were analysed via an inductive and semantic, reflexive‐thematic approach. Through analysis of the data, three themes were generated and are discussed throughout: popular online delivery services as a mediator to increased takeaway usage; potential long‐term health implications and challenges; continued uncertainty regarding the temporary regulations. This paper highlights important changes to local food environments, which public health professionals should be aware of, so they are better equipped to tackle health inequalities across urban and sub‐urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Measuring the ratio of true‐positive to false‐positive judgements made by child and family social workers in England: A case vignette study.
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Wilkins, David and Meindl, Melissa
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CHILD welfare , *SOCIAL workers , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *SOCIAL services , *DECISION making in clinical medicine , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SOCIAL case work , *SURVEYS , *JUDGMENT (Psychology) , *FAMILY support , *DATA analysis software , *MEDICAL referrals - Abstract
Social workers routinely make judgements and decisions as part of their everyday practice. The nature and quality of these can have a significant and long‐lasting impact on the children and families concerned. In this paper, we present an analysis of more than 20 000 judgements (n = 21 193) made by social workers (n = 586) in relation to case vignettes, based on a series of anonymized referrals (n = 12) to social services in England. We do so to ascertain how accurately the social workers were able to predict subsequent actions, events and outcomes, and to calculate the ratio of true positives to false positives at various decision thresholds. We find that the social workers' predictions were more accurate than chance in relation to all but one of the referrals, albeit at the cost of a high rate of false positive errors. We consider these findings in relation to what appears to be a general lowering of the threshold for child protection interventions in England in recent years and in relation to who suffers the injustice of false positive errors in child and family social work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Tackling the 'normalisation of neglect': Messages from child protection reviews in England.
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Taylor, Julie, Dickens, Jonathan, Garstang, Joanna, Cook, Laura, Hallett, Nutmeg, and Molloy, Eleanor
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POLICE education , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *CULTURE , *CHILD sexual abuse , *PSYCHOLOGY of parents , *CHILD abuse , *RESEARCH methodology , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *QUANTITATIVE research , *CRIME , *FAMILIES , *MENTAL health , *QUALITATIVE research , *SEVERITY of illness index , *STEREOTYPES , *CHILD welfare , *COMMUNICATION , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *POVERTY , *SUDDEN infant death syndrome , *JUDGMENT sampling , *THEMATIC analysis , *DEATH , *HOUSING , *SOCIAL case work , *MENTAL illness - Abstract
Despite a history of critique, concentrated discussion and improved assessment processes, neglect continues to be a major challenge for child protection services. This paper draws on findings from a government‐commissioned analysis of 'serious case reviews' (SCRs) in England, arising from incidents of serious child abuse in 2017–2019. There were 235 cases, for which 166 final reports were available. Alongside a quantitative analysis of the whole cohort, we undertook an in‐depth qualitative analysis of 12 cases involving neglect. A key challenge in responding to neglect in its different forms is that it can be so widespread amongst families that practitioners no longer notice its severity or chronicity – it becomes normalised. In this paper we explore two dimensions of the 'paradox of neglect' where it seems to be everywhere and nowhere simultaneously. The first is that neglect is so closely bound up with the prevalence of poverty that little action is taken to address it. The second is that the overwhelming nature of neglect can blind practitioners to other forms of maltreatment that may also be present within a family. Practitioners, now more than ever, need to recognise the dimensions of this paradox to protect children from neglect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. Here, there, everywhere: The relational geographies of chemsex.
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Di Feliciantonio, Cesare
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GAY men , *HUMAN sexuality , *SOCIAL scientists , *CITIES & towns , *GEOGRAPHY , *GEOGRAPHERS - Abstract
In recent years sexualised drug use, usually referred to as chemsex, has become the object of intense media health‐related panic and increasing academic scrutiny. Critical social scientists have challenged pathologising perspectives, analysing the socio‐cultural and political economy dimensions of chemsex. Against the silence of geographers in this emerging field, the paper develops a geographical relational analysis of chemsex, focusing on the experiences of gay men living with HIV in two Italian cities (Bologna; Milan) and Italian gay men living with HIV in three English cities (Leicester; London; Manchester). Demonstrating the constitutive role of place in the practice of chemsex, the paper frames place relationally, that is, as the encounter between here and there, the material and the virtual, imagined geographies and lived spaces. To emphasise the central role of place and geographical knowledge to understand chemsex, the paper builds on 'weak theory', as it conceives things as open, entangled, connected and in flux, while focusing on ordinary practices and heterogeneity in more‐than‐human worlds. Showing how chemsex represents an embodied, relational geographical encounter among different human and non‐human actors, places (both physical and digital), imaginations and desires, the paper highlights the role of sexual practices in the relational construction of place‐making, therefore calling for an increased engagement with sex itself within the field of geographies of sexualities. The paper introduces a relational geographical perspective to the analysis of chemsex. Demonstrating the constitutive role of place in the practice of chemsex, the paper frames place relationally, i.e. as the encounter between here and there, the material and the virtual, imagined geographies and lived spaces. The paper calls for an increased engagement with the materiality of sex within the field of geographies of sexualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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18. Recognizing and addressing how gender shapes young people's experiences of image‐based sexual harassment and abuse in educational settings.
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Ringrose, Jessica and Regehr, Kaitlyn
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SEXUAL harassment , *YOUTH , *YOUNG adults , *GENDER , *SEX crimes , *SEXTING , *SCHOOL environment - Abstract
This paper explores findings from a study with 150 young people (aged 12‐21) across England, which employed qualitative focus groups and arts‐based methods to investigate young people's experiences of digital image‐sharing practices. In this paper, we explore how gendered pressures to send nudes experienced by girls is a form of Image‐Based Sexual Harassment (IBSH) and how pressures upon boys to secure nudes and prove they have them by sharing them non‐consensually is Image‐Based Sexual Abuse (IBSA). In addition, we argue boys' sending nudes (dick pics) non‐consensually is a form of image based sexual harassment, which can be compounded by harassment of girls to send nudes back. We look at the gendered nature of combined practices of Image‐Based Sexual Harassment and Abuse (IBSHA) and how sexual double standards create sexual shaming and victim blaming for girls who experience IBSHA. We also explore young people's perspectives on their digital sex and relationship education and their suggestions for improvement. We conclude by arguing that schooling policies and practices would benefit from adopting the conceptual framework of IBSHA. We suggest this would be a good first step in better supporting young people in managing and negotiating digital gendered and sexualized consent, harms, and risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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19. Microenterprise and home care for older adults in England and Wales: A partial revolution?
- Author
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McDonald, Ruth
- Subjects
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CAREGIVER attitudes , *SOCIAL support , *ENTREPRENEURSHIP , *SELF-employment , *HOME care services , *SOCIAL theory , *RESEARCH methodology , *SOCIAL capital , *INTERVIEWING , *BUSINESS , *SOCIAL worker attitudes , *RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Paid carers play an important role in helping older adults with care needs to remain living in their own homes. This paper examines changes in the home care field, specifically the emergence of self‐employed care entrepreneurs ('microentrepreneurs'). To do this, it employs Bourdieu's concepts of field, capital and habitus. Drawing on 105 semi‐structured interviews with stakeholders working in home care, the paper describes how the interaction of changes to field structures, and altered practices of care have challenged the taken‐for‐granted acceptance of traditional, transactional forms of care provision. This process has been highly dependent on local state actors, their ability to mobilise relevant forms of capital and the factors which shaped their habitus. It should be seen within the context of changes to local field structures and the hierarchical classification processes which underpin them. These changes threaten the distribution of capital in the home care field in ways that are beneficial to microentrepreneurs. Bourdieu might categorise these developments as 'partial revolutions', which do not challenge the fundamental axioms of the field. However, for care entrepreneurs, formerly employed as low‐paid home‐care workers, a revolution that is only partial may be better than none at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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20. The Higher Education White Paper: The Good, the Bad, the Unspeakable - and the Next White Paper1 The Higher Education White Paper: The Good, the Bad, the Unspeakable - and the Next White Paper.
- Author
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Barr, Nicholas
- Subjects
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HIGHER education & state , *EDUCATIONAL change , *EDUCATION costs , *ECONOMIC conditions of college students , *STUDENT loans , *EDUCATIONAL finance - Abstract
This article argues that reforms of higher education finance for undergraduates in England introduced by the Blair government in 2006 provided a progressive strategy for achieving the central objectives of higher education of quality (better), access (wider) and size (larger). Reforms in 2012 are a not a strategy but a collection of ad hoc arrangements. They include the good (a higher fees cap, a higher interest rate on student loans, better information and improved support for part-time study), the bad (abolishing most taxpayer support for teaching in the arts and humanities and the social sciences, and raising excessively the threshold at which loan repayments start) and the unspeakable (abolishing Education Maintenance Allowances and AimHigher). The reforms are fiscally costly and hence perpetuate the central problem of capped student numbers, and will not stand the test of time. The concluding section outlines the next White Paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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21. Caring for soil life in the Anthropocene: The role of attentiveness in more‐than‐human ethics.
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Krzywoszynska, Anna
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- *
SOIL degradation , *SOILS , *PAPER arts , *ETHICS , *BIOTIC communities - Abstract
This paper considers the work that attentiveness can and can't do in generating more ethical relations with non‐humans. How to build better relations with non‐humans has been a central debate in geography and cognate disciplines. These concerns include ethical relations with non‐humans who both pervade and create liveable environments, such as soil biota. Scholars have specifically identified attentiveness as key in generating more‐than‐human ethics. However, how attentiveness may arise, and what work attentiveness may be able to do in generating ethical relations, has not been sufficiently explored. Additionally, soils as relational materialities remain underexplored in social sciences. In this paper, I address these two important gaps in scholarship. Investigating the rising concern with soil biota in conventional English farming, I propose the care network as a way of conceptualising and investigating the ethical potential of attentiveness. As concerns grow about soil degradation, and the dangers this is posing to food production and to human survival, land managers are attending to soil ecosystems as part of caring for their farm businesses. While this attentiveness is producing some transformative effects, its potential is limited by the configuration of the soil care network. As long as soil care is configured primarily as farmers' concern, the potential of attentiveness in generating ethical regard to the needs of soil biota will be limited. In the Conclusions, I suggest ways of expanding attentiveness to soils and of building a wider and practical relational ethic of soil care. I also argue we need more attention in geographic research to attentiveness and care as systemic, unequally distributed, and operating at multiple scales. Human life depends on the life of soil ecosystems. This paper draws attention to soils as underexplored in social sciences, and asks how we may form better ethical and practical relations with soil biota. In doing this, it shows the need for a more nuanced understanding of the work that attentiveness can do in generating more‐than‐human care ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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22. 'They tried to evil me': An explanatory model for Black Africans' mental health challenges.
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Tuffour, Isaac
- Subjects
- *
MENTAL illness risk factors , *QUALITATIVE research , *JUDGMENT sampling , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EXPERIENCE , *PHENOMENOLOGY ,BLACK Africans - Abstract
This paper explores the explanatory models of mental challenges among Black Africans in England. It argues that understanding these models is critical for providing culturally appropriate care to this population. The study employed qualitative methodology, and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Twelve mental health service users who are living in England and self‐identified as first or second‐generation Black Africans were purposively selected. The data were gathered using face‐to‐face semistructured interviews. Data were manually analysed in accordance with IPA concepts of searching for common, unique and idiosyncratic themes across transcripts. The findings revealed three themes Black Africans associated to their explanatory model of mental health challenges: complexities of migration, African‐centred worldview and negative life experiences. To help alleviate the Eurocentric nature of mental health practice in England, it is hoped that this explanatory model will become an integral part of mental health practice in England and around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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23. Practice, pedagogy and education as a discipline: Getting beyond close‐to‐practice research.
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Deng, Zongyi
- Subjects
- *
COLLEGE curriculum , *TEACHING - Abstract
The British Educational Research Association (BERA) has promulgated a concept of close‐to‐practice research that is seen as vital to defending and promoting education as an academic discipline. However, what is overlooked are the questions of what education is for and what educational practice is—questions that need to be addressed for any research aiming to understand and improve educational practice. Informed by Robin Alexander's conception of pedagogy, continental Pädagogik and Didaktik and Anglo‐American sources, this paper advances an alternative, different way of thinking about close‐to‐practice research and education as a discipline. It makes a case for education as a distinctive discipline directed towards the understanding and development of practice for the advancement of education. This discipline necessitates an educational and Didaktik way of thinking and theorising, centred on the questions of what education is for, what educational practice is and how practice is supported and developed. This way of thinking and theorising calls for three interrelated lines of research that are significant and matter to practice, particularly within the current context of the National Curriculum in England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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24. Developing and exploring the validity of a patient reported experience measure for adult inpatient diabetes care.
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Kozlowska, Olga, Tallett, Amy, Bond, Samuel, Mansbridge, Sarah E., Aveyard, Helen, Jenkinson, Crispin, Dudbridge, Alexander, McRobert, Nicky, Lumb, Alistair, Rea, Rustam, Tan, Garry D., and Walthall, Helen
- Subjects
- *
TREATMENT of diabetes , *RESEARCH funding , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *HOSPITAL care , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *INTERVIEWING , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *THEMATIC analysis , *PATIENT-centered care , *RESEARCH methodology , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *EVALUATION , *ADULTS ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Aim: To develop and explore the validity of a Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM) for adult inpatient diabetes care. Method: 27 in‐depth interviews were conducted to inform the development of the 42‐item PREM which was cognitively tested with 10 people. A refined 38‐item PREM was piloted with 228 respondents completing a paper (n = 198) or online (n = 30) version. The performance of the PREM was evaluated by exploring (i) uptake/number of responses and (ii) survey validity by investigating whether the PREM data were of adequate quality and delivered useful information. Results: The PREM had low drop‐out or missing data rates suggesting it was appropriately constructed. Analysis of item frequencies and variances, and problem score calculations concluded that questions provided sufficient score differentiation. Conclusions: This new PREM allows for experiences of inpatient diabetes care to be measured, understood and reported on to help identify priority areas for improving care quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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25. A qualitative exploration of the barriers and facilitators to self‐managing multiple long‐term conditions amongst people experiencing socioeconomic deprivation.
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Woodward, Abi, Nimmons, Danielle, Davies, Nathan, Walters, Kate, Stevenson, Fiona A., Protheroe, Joanne, Chew‐Graham, Carolyn A., and Armstrong, Megan
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH services accessibility , *DIGITAL technology , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *QUALITATIVE research , *RESEARCH funding , *ENDOWMENTS , *SELF-efficacy , *SOCIOECONOMIC status , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *INTERVIEWING , *CULTURE , *JUDGMENT sampling , *THEMATIC analysis , *RESEARCH methodology , *DATA analysis software , *COMORBIDITY , *SOCIAL isolation , *SOCIAL classes , *SOCIAL stigma - Abstract
Background: Globally, it is estimated that one in three adults live with two or more long‐term conditions (multiple long‐term conditions, MLTCs), that require self‐management. People who experience socioeconomic deprivation face significant health inequalities due to a range of interrelated characteristics that lead to a lack of resources and opportunities. Previous research with underserved populations indicate low levels of trust towards primary care providers and potential barriers for developing patient‐healthcare professional relationships. The purpose of this paper is to explore the barriers and facilitators to self‐managing MLTCs, amongst people who experience socioeconomic deprivation. Methods: Semistructured one‐to‐one interviews with adults (n = 28) living in London and Sheffield, United Kingdom with MLTCs who are experiencing socioeconomic deprivation. Participants were recruited through general practices, community channels and social media. Data were analysed in NVivo using reflexive thematic analysis methods. Findings: Four analytical themes were developed: (1) challenges in accessing healthcare services, financial assistance, and cultural awareness; (2) empowerment and disempowerment through technology, including digital exclusion, and use of technology; (3) impact and causes of exclusion on self‐management, including social isolation, area‐based and economic exclusion, and health‐related stigma and (4) adapting self‐management strategies, including cost‐effective, and culturally/lifestyle appropriate strategies. Conclusions: Future health interventions and services need to be developed with consideration of the combined complexities of managing MLTCs while experiencing socioeconomic deprivation. Increased awareness in practitioners and commissioners of the complexities surrounding the lives of people experiencing socioeconomic deprivation, and the need for targeted strategies to promote self‐management of MLTCs are of great importance. Patient or Public Contribution: A patient advisory group contributed to all stages of the study, including providing important feedback on study documents (topic guides and recruitment materials), as well as providing critical insights surrounding the interpretation of interview data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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26. Investigating the impact of primary care networks on continuity of care in English general practice: Analysis of interviews with patients and clinicians from a mixed methods study.
- Author
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Goff, Mhorag, Jacobs, Sally, Hammond, Jonathan, Hindi, Ali, and Checkland, Kath
- Subjects
- *
FAMILY medicine , *PATIENTS , *RESEARCH funding , *QUALITATIVE research , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *PRIMARY health care , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *INTERVIEWING , *CONTINUUM of care , *EVALUATION of medical care , *THEMATIC analysis , *LONGITUDINAL method , *ORGANIZATIONAL change , *RESEARCH methodology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability - Abstract
Introduction: In England, primary care networks (PCNs) offer opportunities to improve access to and sustainability of general practice through collaboration between groups of practices to provide care with a broader range of practitioner roles. However, there are concerns that these changes may undermine continuity of care. Our study investigates what the organisational shift to PCNs means for continuity of care. Methods: The paper uses thematic analysis of qualitative data from interviews with general practitioners and other healthcare professionals (HCPs, n = 33) in 19 practices in five PCNs, and their patients (n = 35). Three patient cohorts within each participating practice were recruited, based on anticipated higher or lower needs for continuity of care: patients over 65 years with polypharmacy, patients with anxiety or depression and 'working age' adults aged between 18 and 45 years. Findings: Patients and clinicians perceived changes to continuity in PCNs in our study. Larger‐scale care provision in PCNs required better care coordination and information‐sharing processes, aimed at improving care for 'vulnerable' patients in target groups. However, new working arrangements and ways of delivering care in PCNs undermine HCPs' ability to maintain continuity through ongoing relationships with patients. Patients experience this in terms of reduced availability of their preferred clinician, inefficiencies in care and unfamiliarity of new staff, roles and processes. Conclusions: New practitioners need to be effectively integrated to support effective team‐based care. However, for patients, especially those not deemed 'vulnerable', this may not be sufficient to counter the loss of relationship with their practice. Therefore, caution is required in relation to designating patients as in need of, or not in need of continuity. Rather, continuity for all patients could be maintained through a dynamic understanding of the need for it as fluctuating and situational and by supporting clinicians to provide follow‐up care. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI): A PPI group was recruited and consulted during the study for feedback on the study design, recruitment materials and interpretation of findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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27. Area‐deprivation, social care spending and the rates of children in care proceedings in local authorities in England.
- Author
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Doebler, Stefanie, Broadhurst, Karen, Alrouh, Bachar, and Cusworth, Linda
- Subjects
- *
LEGAL status of children , *PUBLIC welfare -- Economic aspects , *CUSTODY of children , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling , *STATISTICS , *FAMILY support , *SOCIAL isolation , *FACTOR analysis , *RESEARCH funding , *LEGAL procedure , *POVERTY , *DATA analysis , *LONGITUDINAL method , *POISSON distribution - Abstract
This paper examined relationships between area‐level deprivation, local authorities' social care expenditure and the rates of children entering care proceedings in England using a novel data linkage of de‐identified records provided by the Children and Family Court Advisory Service (Cafcass). Using structural equation modelling, the authors found strong positive relationships between socioeconomic area deprivation and high rates of children undergoing care proceedings in England between 2015 and 2019. Preventative social care expenditure is associated with lower child rates when adjusting for deprivation. Our findings suggest that deprived and underfunded local authorities respond to an increased need by prioritizing care arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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28. How do tuition fee increases affect international mobility? The case of European Union students in England.
- Author
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Dias Lopes, Alice, Mateos‐Gonzalez, Jose Luis, and Wakeling, Paul
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- *
EDUCATION research , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *HIGHER education - Abstract
This paper presents a descriptive analysis of the impact of tuition fee increases in England on the full‐degree mobility of undergraduate students from the European Union. First, we investigated whether the increase in tuition fees reduced the number of EU students in English higher education institutions. Our analysis shows that, on average, English universities suffered a sudden drop in EU enrolments in 2012/13 but recovered and then expanded their pre‐2012 enrolment levels in subsequent academic years. We observe that those English universities regarded as less prestigious experienced the sharpest decline and took longer to recover their pre‐2012 numbers. Second, we examined how changes in enrolment are associated with EU countries' macro‐level characteristics, using the push‐pull model framework. While there was a significant decrease in the number of students from Northern and Western European countries attending English universities after 2012, the tuition fee increase did not impact the number of students coming from Southern Europe. We found an association between EU countries' youth employment rates and higher education system characteristics with changes in enrolment in English universities. By examining the effect of changes in the tuition fee policy on international student mobility, our research provides new evidence on how tuition fee policies might change the behaviour of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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29. Failing children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities in England: New evidence of poor outcomes and a postcode lottery at the Local Authority level at Key Stage 1.
- Author
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Azpitarte, Francisco and Holt, Louise
- Subjects
- *
SPECIAL education , *EDUCATIONAL outcomes , *EDUCATIONAL standards , *EDUCATION policy , *PHONICS - Abstract
This paper sets out original findings from analyses of the English National Pupil Database of Key Stage 1 (KS1) attainment, to examine educational outcomes of children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). The schooling of these children has been entirely within the context of the current SEND system, defined by the 2014–2015 policy of the Children and Families Act and Code of Practice. With a strong focus on children's needs and outcomes, the policy intends to achieve high educational outcomes for children with SEND. Our new results show, however, that children with SEND are one of the most disadvantaged groups in education, and they are far less likely to meet expected learning standards than their peers at KS1. For instance, about 44%, 31% and 23% of children with SEND met the standards in phonics, reading and writing, respectively, compared to 88%, 83% and 78% of children with no SEND. Further, our spatial analysis shows for the first time that this disadvantage displays large spatial variability across Local Authorities: there is a postcode lottery in the education of children with SEND. The new findings provide strong evidence that the new SEND policy is failing many children with SEND, and that this performance varies markedly across space. This adds further weight and evidence to a growing recognition, even from government, that the SEND system needs to change, and that the ambitious aims of the transformation of education and care for children with SEND in 2014 and 2015 are not being realised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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30. Future nicotine use preferences of current cigarette smokers: Findings from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey.
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Li, Lin, Borland, Ron, Le Grande, Michael, and Gartner, Coral
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- *
ELECTRONIC cigarettes , *CIGARETTE smokers , *SMOKING , *NICOTINE , *TOBACCO - Abstract
Introduction: Consumer preferences should be important factors that are considered when developing health policies and interventions. This paper examines the prevalence of, and factors associated with, consumer preferences regarding smoking behaviour 1 to 2 years in the future. Methods: At least weekly cigarette smokers in the 2020 wave of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey (USA, Canada, England and Australia) (N = 8642) were asked if they preferred to continue to smoke or to quit with or without an alternative nicotine product (ANP) over the next 1–2 years. Results: Country‐specific weighted data showed 21.5% preferred to continue smoking and 8.0% were uncertain, leaving 70.6% preferring to quit: 13.7% using an ANP and 56.9% completely quitting nicotine. Apart from interest in quitting, the main predictors of preferring to quit were history of vaping, being aged 55 and over, smoking weekly, worrying about smoking harms, regretting starting and believing vaping is less harmful relative to smoking. Among those preferring to quit, preferring to use ANPs in future was very strongly associated with current vaping (especially daily), being younger, living in England, reporting strong urges to smoke, believing vaping is much less harmful than smoking, and not strongly regretting starting to smoke, and not wanting to quit. Discussion and Conclusions: A significant minority of smokers preferred not to quit, at least in the next year or two. Both interest in quitting and preference for ANPs over complete cessation were associated with similar covariates, including interest in vaping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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31. 'When they were taken it is like grieving': Understanding and responding to the emotional impact of repeat care proceedings on fathers.
- Author
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Philip, Georgia, Youansamouth, Lindsay, Broadhurst, Karen, Clifton, John, Bedston, Stuart, Hu, Yang, and Brandon, Marian
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- *
FATHERS' attitudes , *EXPERIENCE , *QUALITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHILD welfare , *PSYCHOLOGY of fathers , *EMOTIONS , *DATA analysis software , *ANGER , *SHAME , *CUSTODY of children , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
There is growing recognition, in the UK and internationally, of the huge costs of recurrent appearances of parents in local authority care proceedings. This paper contributes to pressing policy and practice concerns to reduce recurrence. It presents qualitative longitudinal data from the first study of fathers' experiences of recurrent care proceedings in England. Demonstrating the emotional impact of repeat proceedings and successive loss of children on fathers, in terms of grief, loss and shame, we highlight the trauma and abuse in their developmental histories. We consider complex connections between anger and shame for these fathers, including within the arena of family justice. With the use of literature on complex trauma, shame and parental disengagement, we explore ideas for re‐framing fathers', and professionals', resistance to engagement and for better understanding fathers' intense emotions. We suggest that the link between shame and complex trauma and the value of shame reducing, dignity promoting practice in response provide a valuable way forward for working with fathers. As is recognized to be the case for mothers, without holistic, empathic interventions to address the vulnerabilities of such fathers, the risks for children, mothers and fathers are unlikely to reduce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Co‐producing a complex psychosocial intervention during COVID‐19 with young people transitioning from adolescent secure hospitals to adult services in England: Moving Forward intervention (MFi).
- Author
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Livanou, Maria, Bull, Marcus, Manitsa, Ifigeneia, Hunt, Jodie, Lane, Rebecca, and Heneghan, Anya
- Subjects
- *
MEETINGS , *HEALTH services accessibility , *PATIENT participation , *TRANSITIONAL care , *HOSPITAL health promotion programs , *EVIDENCE-based medicine , *HUMAN services programs , *CONTINUUM of care , *HOPE , *MEDICAL protocols , *SELF-efficacy , *COMMUNICATION , *HEALTH care teams , *THEMATIC analysis , *INTEGRATED health care delivery , *HEALTH equity , *COVID-19 pandemic , *PSYCHOTHERAPY , *PSYCHIATRIC hospitals , *MEDICAL needs assessment , *GROUP process , *TRUST , *ADOLESCENCE ,MEDICAL care for teenagers - Abstract
Background: Young people moving from adolescent secure hospitals to adult care present with multiple and complex needs which often remain unmet during transition periods. This paper delineates the process of developing and co‐producing the moving forward intervention (MFi), which aims to address the psychosocial needs of transitioning youth who have limited access to well‐researched and tailored service provisions. Method: An extensive search of the relevant literature was conducted to generate themes and guide the co‐production phase. Fourteen Advisory Group Meetings were held virtually during COVID‐19 to design the MFi module content with 17 keyworkers, 2 parents and 13 young people aged 17–18 years across six adolescent secure hospitals in England. Thematic analysis was used to reflect on the field notes discussed in the Advisory Groups. Results: Co‐produced themes from the literature and the Advisory Groups informed the development of the proposed intervention. Three overarching themes pertinent to expectations in adult services, improving communication gaps between services and facilitating the letting go period emerged from the co‐production phase. It was suggested the MFi is co‐delivered by a peer with lived experience to build trust and create hopefulness among young people. The importance of promoting graded transitions through standardised procedures was highlighted. Conclusions: The current findings promote evidence‐based initiatives and build robust practice frameworks that inform treatment and policy guidelines. The young people, parents and keyworkers found the MFi supportive and valued the co‐production experience. As such, co‐production has been a vital tool in promoting patient engagement and empowerment, and reducing service inequalities, especially in adolescent secure hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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33. Public perspectives on inequality and mental health: A peer research study.
- Author
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Pinfold, Vanessa, Thompson, Rose, Lewington, Alex, Samuel, Gillian, Jayacodi, Sandra, Jones, Oliver, Vadgama, Ami, Crawford, Achille, Fischer, Laura E., Dykxhoorn, Jennifer, Kidger, Judi, Oliver, Emily J., and Duncan, Fiona
- Subjects
- *
AFFINITY groups , *RACISM , *UNEMPLOYMENT , *SOCIAL media , *RESEARCH methodology , *SOCIAL values , *MENTAL health , *INTERVIEWING , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *HEALTH status indicators , *VIOLENCE , *NONBINARY people , *GENDER , *EXPERIENCE , *QUALITATIVE research , *PHOTOGRAPHY , *FINANCIAL stress , *ACTION research , *RESEARCH funding , *HEALTH equity , *THEMATIC analysis , *SUFFERING , *HOMELESSNESS , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *PUBLIC opinion , *SOCIAL integration , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
Introduction: Associations between structural inequalities and health are well established. However, there is limited work examining this link in relation to mental health, or that centres public perspectives. This study explores people's experience and sense‐making of inequality in their daily lives, with particular consideration of impacts on mental health. Methods: We conducted a peer research study. Participants had to live in one of two London Boroughs and have an interest in inequalities and mental health. Using social media, newsletters, local organisations and our peer researchers' contacts, we recruited 30 participants who took photos representing their experience of inequality and discussed them during semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were identified in this study: (1) inequalities are unjust, multilayered and intertwined with mental health. Accounts demonstrated a deep understanding of inequalities and their link to mental health outcomes, describing inequalities as 'suffering' and 'not good for anyone'. Financial, housing, immigration and healthcare problems exacerbated poor mental health, with racism, gender‐based violence and job loss also contributing factors for both poor mental health and experiences of inequality; (2) inequalities exclude and have far‐reaching mental health consequences, impacting personal sense of belonging and perceived societal value and (3) moving forwards—addressing long‐standing inequality and poor public mental health necessitated coping and resilience strategies that are often unacknowledged and undervalued by support systems. Conclusion: Lived experience expertise was central in this study, creating an innovative methodological approach. To improve public mental health, we must address the everyday, painful structural inequalities experienced by many as commonplace and unfair. New policies and strategies must be found that involve communities, redistributing resources and power, building on a collective knowledge base, to coproduce actions combatting inequalities and improving population mental health. Patient or Public Contribution: This study was peer‐led, designed and carried out by researchers who had experiences of poor mental health. Six authors of the paper worked as peer researchers on this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
34. Children and Society Policy Review—A review of government consultation processes when engaging with children and young people about the statutory guidance for Relationships and Sex Education in schools in England.
- Author
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Setty, Emily and Dobson, Emma
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH education , *HUMAN rights , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *PRACTICAL politics , *PUBLIC administration , *SEX education , *GOVERNMENT policy , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *POLICY sciences , *CHILDREN , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
This paper examines the participation of children and young people within government consultation processes. It considers the recent Department for Education consultation on its statutory guidance for schools for Relationships and Sex Education in England. The paper is based on a Freedom of Information request for the consultation responses categorised as from 'young people'. We identify two issues in our interrogation of the data. First, there is evidence that a substantial proportion of responses were not submitted by young people. Second, the consultation approach did not include all the features necessary for meaningful consultation. We consider the implications for the youth consultation on policy matters that affect them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Why more ‘quality time’ is not on the top of children's lists: the ‘qualities of time’ for children<FNR></FNR><FN>Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the ESRC Children 5–16 Final Conference, London House 20–21st November 2001, and at The National Parenting Institute, London. </FN>
- Author
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Christensen, Pia Haudrup
- Subjects
- *
FAMILY life surveys , *CHILDREN , *PARENT-child relationships , *QUALITY of life - Abstract
For many years the everyday reality of working parents and their children has been captured in notions of ‘quality time’ versus ‘quantity time’. On the one hand it is suggested that what families need is ‘more time’ for parents to spend together with their children and less time working. On the other hand this has been countered with arguments saying that attention has to be paid to how parents spend their time together with their children. As a result quality time is often presented through idealised images of ‘happy families’. Quality time is seen as parents engaging with their children in particular activities or outdoor excursions that create and maintain family enjoyment, care and togetherness. However, such debates are based on assumptions of what would be ‘good’ for today's children and neglect the perspective of children themselves. This paper draws on field research carried out with 10–11-year-old children on their understandings and use of time in an urban and a rural setting in the north of England. The paper points to five ‘qualities of time’ identified by children. These qualities suggest that children's views of time spent with their families cannot be seen as separate from the time they spend with friends, at school and on their own. The paper argues that the quality/quantity time conundrum needs replacing by fuller and more representative accounts of the varied aspects of time that matter for children. These need to be situated in the processes through which family, school and work life take place on a daily basis and in relation to children's life course. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
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36. The ‘shape’ of teacher professionalism in England: professional standards, performance management, professional development and the changes proposed in the 2010 White Paper.
- Author
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Evans, Linda
- Subjects
- *
TEACHERS , *PROFESSIONALISM , *TEACHER development , *PROFESSIONAL standards , *EDUCATION policy , *EDUCATION - Abstract
Teacher professionalism in England may be considered to have been shaped by the set of professional standards, and the accompanying statutory performance management system, introduced by the Labour government in 2007. More recently the coalition government’s 2010 White Paper, The Importance of Teaching, announced reforms that will potentially re-shape teacher professionalism. In this article I examine the ‘shape’ of teacher professionalism in England, as defined by the professional standards. I reveal it to be a lop-sided shape, indicating a professionalism that focuses predominantly on teachers’ behaviour, rather than on their attitudes and their intellectuality. Presenting my conceptual analysis of professionalism, and examination of its link with professional development, I consider whether—and to what extent—teacher professionalism may in fact be shaped by government-imposed reform. I conclude that ‘enacted’ professionalism may be quite different from ‘demanded’ professionalism, and shaping professionalism involves a complex and indecipherable process that is better understood by examining the process whereby individuals develop professionally. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Paper Sessions.
- Subjects
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CONFERENCES & conventions , *UROLOGY - Abstract
The article offers information about paper sessions on urology to be discussed at the BAUS Annual Meeting to be held in Manchester, England from June 23-27, 2008.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. More than a piece of paper?: Personal education plans and ‘looked after’ children in England.
- Author
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Hayden, Carol
- Subjects
- *
CHILD welfare , *CHILD care , *EDUCATION , *SOCIAL services , *CHILD services - Abstract
This paper reports on research into personal education plans (PEPs) for ‘looked after’ children (children in care) in one large county local authority in England. PEPs were introduced by guidance from the Department for Education and Employment and Department of Health in 2000. The fieldwork for this research began two years after this guidance was published. The research findings show that although social services staff and teachers are critical of specific aspects of PEPs, they have helped to raise the profile of the educational needs of looked after children in the local authority studied. They have provided a forum for social work and education professionals to meet in the interests of particular children. Key problems relate to practical issues: ensuring social workers and teachers feel able to fulfil their expected roles in relation to the education of looked after children; making the system focus on meeting the needs of children as well as practitioners; difficulty in meeting specified timescales; more meaningful, constructive and sensitive involvement of children in the process of producing and reviewing PEPs. The broader issue, however, is about the ability to plan the education of looked after children. Additional barriers to planning were particularly apparent in residential care and specifically within secure accommodation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Has COVID‐19 affected dementia diagnosis rates in England?
- Author
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Hazan, Jemma, Liu, Kathy Y., Isaacs, Jeremy D., Burns, Alistair, and Howard, Robert
- Subjects
- *
DIAGNOSIS of dementia , *COVID-19 , *MILD cognitive impairment , *PRIMARY health care , *NATIONAL health services , *MEDICAL referrals , *DISEASE prevalence , *QUALITY of life , *RESEARCH funding , *QUALITY assurance , *DEMENTIA , *PSYCHIATRIC hospitals , *MEDICAL coding - Abstract
Background: The COVID‐19 pandemic impacted on the provision of care and routine activity of all National Health Service (NHS) services. While General Practitioner referrals to memory services in England have returned to pre‐pandemic levels, the estimated dementia diagnosis rate (DDR) fell by 5.4% between March 2020 and February 2023. Methods: In this paper we explore whether this reduction is accurate or is an artefact of the way the NHS collects data. Results: We explore the processes that may have affected national dementia diagnosis rates during and following the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusions: We discuss what action could be taken to improve the DDR in the future. Key points: Despite General Practitioner (GP) referrals to memory services in England returning to levels seen before the pandemic, there was a decline of 5.4% in the estimated dementia diagnosis rate (DDR) from March 2020 to February 2023.This paper explores the factors which may have affected the national DDR reduction. These include a backlog in dementia referrals, a reduction in coding of diagnoses, or a decrease in true dementia prevalence secondary to excess COVID‐19 deaths which has yet to be reflected in the DDR denominator.Further work is suggested to accurately capture dementia prevalence in the United Kingdom (UK). These include an up‐to‐date multicentre population‐based cohort study and adjusting the DDR denominator for factors known to affect dementia susceptibility such as deprivation, rurality, and ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. “Not a Cigarette Paper Between Us”: Integrated Inspection of Children's Services in England.
- Author
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Hudson, Bob
- Subjects
- *
CHILD services , *CHILD welfare , *SOCIAL work with children , *PUBLIC welfare , *SOCIAL services , *SOCIAL policy , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Children's services in England are undergoing their most radical transformation since 1948 following the passage of the Children Act 2004. A key part of these changes is the legal requirement to have an Integrated Inspection Framework to assess the extent to which the new Children's Services Authorities have succeeded in meeting five key outcomes—being healthy, staying safe, enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and achieving economic well-being. To this end, up to ten national inspectorates have to coordinate their activities to a hitherto unparalleled extent. This article describes the nature and scale of the new remit and identifies a number of unresolved issues that could impede progress. It is argued that the policy has the hallmarks and accompanying limitations of a top–down exercise in policy formulation and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Employment leave for early pregnancy endings: A biopolitical reproductive governance analysis in England and Wales.
- Author
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Middlemiss, Aimee Louise, Boncori, Ilaria, Brewis, Joanna, Davies, Julie, and Newton, Victoria Louise
- Subjects
- *
PREGNANCY , *MATERNITY leave , *PATERNITY leave , *EMPLOYMENT , *STILLBIRTH , *MISCARRIAGE , *ABORTION - Abstract
When a pregnancy ends in England and Wales, statutory time away from paid employment is limited to circumstances where there is a live birth or stillbirth. Forms of leave, such as Maternity Leave or Paternity Leave, depend on parental status derived from the civil registration of a new person or a post‐viability stillbirth. Other early pregnancy endings, such as miscarriage or abortion, do not provide specific time off work after pregnancy. This paper uses the concept of reproductive governance to analyze current and shifting biopolitical truth discourses, strategies of intervention, and modes of subjectification around post‐pregnancy leaves. It shows how different inclusions and exclusions are generated by the classificatory boundaries which act as political technologies in this field. Contributing to an area that is under‐researched in the literature, we provide a review of post‐pregnancy statutory employment leave entitlements in this context. We then consider proposals for change presented in the United Kingdom political system in relation to more inclusive leave benefits offered by some employers and different pregnancy ending leaves offered in other jurisdictions. We argue that current arrangements and proposals do not adequately reflect the complexity and diversity of pregnancy endings. We conclude with a call to policymakers in all contexts to carefully assess the consequences of new ideas around leaves for pregnancy endings and to formulate inclusive and fair proposals for change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Preliminary feasibility and effectiveness of a novel community language intervention for preschool children in the United Kingdom.
- Author
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Botting, Nicola, Spicer‐Cain, Helen, Buckley, Bernadine, Mercado, Elizabeth, Sharif, Khadija, Wood, Liz, Flynn, Jane, and Reeves, Louisa
- Subjects
- *
PILOT projects , *STATISTICS , *RESEARCH , *NONPARAMETRIC statistics , *MOTHERS , *NONVERBAL communication , *EVALUATION of human services programs , *FOCUS groups , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ANALYSIS of variance , *COMMUNICATIVE competence , *COMMUNITY health services , *FATHERS , *CHILD behavior , *LANGUAGE acquisition , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *SOCIAL context , *EARLY intervention (Education) , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *COMMUNICATION , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *INTRACLASS correlation , *VOCABULARY , *RESEARCH funding , *PARENT-child relationships , *BODY language , *DATA analysis , *STATISTICAL sampling , *COMMUNICATION education , *SECONDARY analysis , *VIDEO recording , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Very young children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds often show poorer language development. Whilst there have been attempts to provide early intervention programmes, these sometimes miss the most disadvantaged groups. Aims: This report presents preliminary feasibility and effectiveness data for a novel language intervention designed for parents of toddlers in the United Kingdom. Methods and Procedures: In total, 43 UK families of 2–4‐year‐olds were recruited to the study, half of whom completed an 8‐week course (Tots Talking) focussed on parent interaction, and half of whom acted as wait‐list controls. Results and Outcomes: Results suggest that such programmes are feasible for families with 86% staying in the intervention. In addition, greater changes in underlying communication skills such as joint attention and gesture were evident compared to wait‐list controls. Conclusions and Implications: We conclude that pre‐verbal skills may be more important to measure as initial outcomes than language or vocabulary change in this population. What This Paper Adds: What is already known on the subject: Children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds are at higher risk of communication difficulties and there is a need for community intervention programmes for very young children. What this study adds: This study suggests that such programmes can be feasible and effective, but that very early/basic communicative skills (such as joint attention) may be boosted first rather than language or vocabulary. What are the clinical implications of this work?: Children's centres and other community services could feasibly run short parent facing courses emphasising contingent communication in low SES families and other diverse groups. These may be more successful run with younger preschoolers. Joint attention may be a better focus of intervention before expecting vocabulary or language change. Community health professionals may find this information useful in referring and supporting families in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Mental health service provision in England[This paper].
- Author
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Johnson, S., Zinkler, M., and Priebe, S.
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH services accessibility , *DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION , *CITIZEN participation in mental health services , *HEALTH care reform , *OUTREACH programs - Abstract
Objective: To describe mental health service provision for adults of working age in England. Method: Services in an inner London area are described so as to illustrate current patterns of service organization in England. National trends are then discussed. Results: Despite relatively low public expenditure, substantial progress has been made in deinstitutionalization and development of comprehensive community-based services. Persisting difficulties include high staff turnover, a minority of patients who do not engage with community services, user and carer dissatisfaction with emergency services, and social exclusion because of stigma. Recent government policy advocates resolving some of these problems using new service models such as assertive outreach and crisis teams. Conclusion: Closure of the large asylums has largely been accomplished. England is now entering a new phase in community service development, with a range of innovative developments aimed at resolving problems still encountered after the initial phases of integrated community service development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. 'I wish that COVID would disappear, and we'd all be together': Maintaining Children's friendships during the Covid‐19 pandemic.
- Author
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Carter, Caron, Barley, Ruth, and Omar, Arwa
- Subjects
- *
WELL-being , *SOCIAL participation , *PILOT projects , *ART , *DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) , *RESEARCH methodology , *CONVALESCENCE , *MENTAL health , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITATIVE research , *DRAWING , *EXPERIENCE , *PLAY , *PHOTOGRAPHY , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *SOCIAL attitudes , *POETRY (Literary form) , *THEMATIC analysis , *VIDEO games , *CHILDHOOD friendships , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Friendship is a central focus in children's lives and is important for healthy development. During the Covid‐19 pandemic, children experienced restrictions on their interactions with friends. This research heard the voices of 10 children (7–11 years) in England regarding their friendships, drawing on data collected through creative participatory methods including drawings, photography and collages, and accompanying unstructured interviews. Findings provide new insights into how children endeavoured to maintain their friendships through virtual interactions, street/doorstep visits, and artwork, and how friendship disruption affected their well‐being. This paper argues for educators to heed the implications for the period of 'Covid recovery'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Crime in the era of COVID‐19: Evidence from England.
- Author
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Neanidis, Kyriakos C. and Rana, Maria P.
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *STAY-at-home orders , *ECONOMIC crime , *CRIME , *LOCKDOWNS (Safety measures) - Abstract
This paper examines the effects of COVID‐19‐induced lockdowns on recorded crime in England. The enforcement of lockdowns at both the national and local levels allows unveiling the impact on criminal activities by type of shutdown policy. Using official crime data across the universe of local authorities, we find that unlike local lockdowns national lockdowns significantly change the shape of recorded criminal activity, with the first nationally‐imposed lockdown having the strongest impact. Findings also reveal that police operations play a prominent role in explaining changes in reported crimes. Back‐of‐the‐envelope calculations suggest that lockdowns reduced the economic costs of crime by £4.2 billion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. A review of safeguarding in grassroots football: Children and young people's perspectives.
- Author
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Monk, Claire
- Subjects
- *
SOCCER for children , *CHILDHOOD attitudes , *PREVENTION of child abuse , *CHILD welfare , *COMMUNITY support , *SOCCER , *RESEARCH funding , *SELF-efficacy , *PSYCHOLOGY of school children , *PARENT-child relationships , *RESPONSIBILITY , *CHILDREN'S accident prevention , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *QUANTITATIVE research , *EXPERIENCE , *RACISM , *AMATEUR athletes , *TEACHER-student relationships , *ATHLETIC associations - Abstract
In 2021, Birmingham County Football Association (BCFA) in partnership with Newman University carried out a quantitative online review to assess coaches, volunteers, parents and young people's understanding of safeguarding information, policies and procedures in relation to football. This paper examines the findings from the children (aged 5–11) and young people (aged 12–17) using the Six Principles of Safeguarding to assess the current safeguarding measures in place to protect children and young people (CYP) playing grassroots football. The review found that whilst most CYP felt safe when playing organised football, there were some concerns raised from the young people in relation to angry parents, abuse and racism. Most children in both groupings had heard of the term safeguarding, but fewer had heard of the term welfare, and struggled to explain what welfare meant. A key finding and concern is that many CYP are not aware of the role of the Club Welfare Officer at their football club or that this might be someone to whom they can disclose issues concerning them. Furthermore, it became evident that further research, awareness raising and implementation of listening to and acting on children's voices needs to be fully embedded into safeguarding practice in children and young people's organised football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Opening Up Opportunities: Trainee Teachers Experiences of Teaching Pupils with Visual Impairment.
- Author
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Dunn, Harriet
- Subjects
- *
ART education , *DESIGN education , *STUDENTS with visual disabilities , *POSTGRADUATE Certificate in Education (Great Britain) , *TEACHER training , *PROFESSIONAL education - Abstract
Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) secondary art and design trainees facilitated an art education project for pupils at a specialist school for visual impairment (VI) in the Northwest of England. This paper focuses on the ways in which the art education project was designed to better prepare PGCE trainees for working with pupils with VI. There is an exploration of a series of reflections at the end of the art education project and again upon completion of the PGCE course. Feedback provided by PGCE trainees indicated the ways they were able to transfer the skills learnt regarding teaching pupils with VI into practice, as they embark upon their careers. Existing literature highlights variation across initial teacher training (ITT) in relation to what is taught regarding special educational needs, this is generally due to time constraints on one year ITT courses. The findings indicate these experiences have implications for practice. through following their journey, initially PGCE trainees were apprehensive about working with pupils with VI. However, facilitating the art education project enabled PGCE trainees to become more confident working with pupils. PGCE trainees were able to develop as teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A Green Manifesto for Art, Craft and Design Education.
- Author
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Hall, Emese
- Subjects
- *
ART education , *HANDICRAFT education , *DESIGN education , *CURRICULUM planning , *SUSTAINABILITY , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
In the challenging – and frightening – times in which we now live, education is seen as playing a key role in making change for the better. However, the Department for Education's (2022) strategy on education for sustainability and climate change, applicable to schools in England, is lacking in many areas and fails to address students', teachers', and teacher educators' priorities. Crucially, the environment and climate emergency greatly concerns many children and young people and these issues should be addressed across the whole curriculum, not just in geography and science. Further, there needs to be more focus on emotions rather than facts, wellbeing rather than the economy. So, the question is: How can we 'green' art, craft and design education to ensure it is both effective and affective? Art can change the world because it is 'homeless, endless, and edgeless' – this sounds exciting but does not aid teachers in curriculum design. In this paper I will share an emergent manifesto for an environmentally responsible art, craft and design (ACD) curriculum... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. A Reflection on Dialogic Diving Boards and Decolonising School Art: The African Mask Project.
- Author
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Grant, Will, Richards, Malcolm, Steward, Ros, and Whelan, Jamie
- Subjects
- *
ART education , *TEACHER education , *CURRICULUM , *AFRICAN masks , *CULTURAL pluralism , *ART objects , *HIGHER education - Abstract
In this paper, four colleagues working in teacher education reflect on a conversation. The conversation in question was a tangible discussion documented through frequent and purposeful email exchange, exploring traditionalist school art curricula through reference to lived experience, academic theory, and professional anecdote. The primary objective of this dialogic self‐enquiry was informal critical analysis of the cultural diversity and positioning of art objects that populate classroom curricula in English schools, starting with the 'African mask'. The secondary objective of our conversation was exploration of how complex talk on culture and curriculum might be modelled for schoolteachers yet to initiate similar conversations in their own professional contexts. We each provide reflections on the success of our conversation against these objectives and find that while email exchange provided some formal advantages for the structure of our discourse, this was not as we might have expected. The dialogue facilitated a rhizomatic deepening of our individual questioning of culturality in the classroom, which while nourishing was arguably unproductive in instrumental terms. Collectively, our reflections suggest that dialogue may be a critical catalyst for the latter, inherently private work of decolonising one's own critical teaching praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. ‘Pressing issues in the dementias and dementia services’ symposium 28–29 January 1999 Royal College of Physicians, London. Priorities in dementia services: the interaction of purchasers and providers<FN>Paper from Dementia Symposium, at Royal College of Psychiatrists on 28/29 January 1999 </FN>
- Author
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Murphy, Elaine
- Subjects
- *
DEMENTIA , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *ELDER care , *MENTAL health services - Abstract
Presents an article on pressing issues in the dementia and dementia services symposium at the Royal College of Physicians in London, England on January 28 to 29, 1999. Geographical inequities involving care for the elderly; Information on a survey conducted by the Alzheimer's Disease Society on Health Authorities' plans and purchasing intentions for dementia services.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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