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This article proposes a sketch of a new theory of wisdom based on the tree of philosophy (TOP) model. It is argued that philosophy—love of wisdom—has developed branches over the millennia that reflect the different aspects of thought and action that need to be considered in a comprehensive theory of wisdom. Although there is not a full consensus on what these branches are, the TOP usually has as branches, at minimum, metaphysics—including epistemology and ontology—and ethics, logic, aesthetics, hermeneutics, and axiology. Each of these branches is considered, and its implications for a philosophically based theory of wisdom are considered. Whereas some other theories of wisdom attempt to synthesize recent psychological attempts to understand wisdom, the TOP theory attempts to synthesize the contribution of millennia of philosophical inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses the philosophical concepts of Henri Bergson (namely duration, intelligence, and intuition), in order to problematize ways of thinking about psychology, and how psychology produces knowledge. From this perspective, we discuss psychology as a scientific discipline and examine the differences between science and philosophy. In so doing, we deepen the understanding of the concepts of duration, time, and space, in relation to the logics of spatialized time which influence analysis in Human Sciences. We also discuss differences between ways of apprehending knowledge through intelligence and intuition, causing a change in the perspective from which we approach our objects of investigation. Finally, we propose a view of psychology in terms of duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carlos Cornejo's book review on my Von Kunst bis Terror led me to the need to chart out a number of central issues in contemporary psychology that cultural psychology is in a position to resolve. Human subjectivity in all of its richness remains the core of investigation for all psychology, and cultural psychology has a central role to play in innovating psychology's research practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central thesis of this essay is that the problem of psychology lies at the very heart of the difficulties associated with integrating human knowledge. The startling consequence of this insight is that it means the solution to psychology's epistemological woes opens up a new pathway for achieving unified knowledge. A brief overview of the fragmentation of knowledge will be offered and special attention will be paid to Wilson's (1998) proposal. The problem of psychology, Wilson's failure to address it, and the reasons why it is integral to any proposal for unifying knowledge will then be specified. The article concludes with an articulation of how the Tree of Knowledge (ToK) System solves the problem of psychology, resolves many of the fundamental issues associated with integrating human knowledge, and is commensurate with the foremost concerns of natural scientists, social scientists, and humanists, allowing for objectivity, coherence, and pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Not all empirical work in the psychology of perception has operated explicitly within a theoretical framework. But when it has, that framework has usually been provided by the inferential theory of perception. I argue that in spite of its explanatory strengths, the inferential theory of perception conceals a well-established empirical phenomenon. That phenomenon is known in ordinary parlance as 'familiarity'. I discuss why the inferential theory of perception cannot deal with familiarity and what it reveals about the limits of the inferential theory of perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses natural accounts of human intellectual ability, or to those with a self-acknowledged claim to science of some kind. The article highlights certain periods which attach a clearer value to speed than others. Also, the article examines the challenges thus posed to conventional ways of periodizing the history of psychology. The claim that intellectual ability, considered separately from time, is a suitable case for measurement has been conclusively refuted from within psychometrics itself. Post-Kantian psychology assumed as self-evident that mental processes exist in time and therefore can be measured.

This study explored Kocsis and Heller's findings concerning the relationship between one's belief and the perceived accuracy of a profile. The influence of types of information was also considered. A sample of 353 participants was used in the present experiment that gauged the perception of information contained in a profile. The results supported Kocsis and Heller's earlier findings with a positive relationship found between belief and perceived accuracy. The more an individual believes in profiling, the more likely he or she is to perceive a profile to be accurate. This relationship was most pronounced in participants' perceptions of information contained in a profile concerning an unknown offender's crime behavior and past history. The more an individual believes in profiling, the more information relating to these two factors is likely to be perceived. This relationship was not observed where information in the same profile involved physical features O f the offender [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For centuries, philosophy and psychology in one way or another identified thought with logic, or logic with thought. Only in recent decades has it become clear that there is more to thought than logic. Evolutionary psychology has stressed the adaptive function of thought, as of other processes often identified as psychological. Gigerenzer et al. have worked for some years now on a program of research in which thinking is approached as an adaptive process. According to them, it is misleading to use the complexities of logic, mathematics or statistics as the standards for correct thinking or as a model for thought. On the contrary, thinking is the effective use of simple heuristics. The four volumes discussed in this review essay demonstrate that the approach can be very fruitful in many domains of human reasoning, and can be effective in practical problem solving as well, without having to fall back on the intricacies of logic, statistics, mathematics and other tools of the trade of scientific decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]