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The aim of our study is to describe 10 cases of association between Renal Cell Carcinoma and female Breast Cancer, and to investigate the possible causes of this association according to the evidences found in Literature. This because a certain number of female patients we operated on for Renal Cell Carcinoma showed in their clinical history also a Primary Breast Cancer. There are many reports about the association between Renal Cell Carcinoma and other primary malignancies. The histologic type of Renal Cell Carcinoma usually associated to a second primary cancer is the papillary one. According to our experience, among 665 women affected with Breast Cancer, 10 of them suffered also from Renal Cell Carcinoma, whereas it was much more rare the association between female Breast Cancer and other primary malignancies. In 6 of these 10 cases the Renal Cell Carcinoma had a papillary histologic type, and in these 6 patients we found the most aggressive cases of Breast Cancers. The ethiologic factors that can usually cause either Renal Cell Carcinoma or primary female Breast Cancer were absent in clinical history. We concluded that during the follow up of female patients affected with Renal Cell Carcinoma, especially if it has a papillary histologic type, it is necessary to look for the presence of other malignancies, most of all Breast Cancer. Further investigations will be needed to clear up the reason of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]