Search

Aluminum nitride (AlN) has attracted huge attention in new energy vehicle, communication equipment fields, due to the high-thermal conductivity and reliable insulating ability. One of the most crucial factors is the preparation of high-performance AlN powders, and more significantly, the two-dimensional nanostructure would change the phonon vibration mode and transport process, bringing in the novel heat conduction and electricity properties. In this paper, kilogram of two-dimensional aluminum nitride nanosheets (AlNNS) with thicknesses around 30 nm and particle sizes around 400 nm were prepared by a new strategy for the nano sanding process, in which they still keep high purity (impurity content ppm grade) without further purification. Furthermore, the technological parameters of the sanding time and line speed are found as the key factors, that would affect the transformation process fro m hexagonal AlN into super-thin AlNNS. The morphology of the nanosheets is more complete at the line speed of 8 m/s. In addition, AlNNS have an increase of 7% in thermal conductivity (at 50 °C) compared to that of raw powders. Moreover, AlNNS have stronger sintering activity due to the larger specific surface area, in which show an increase of 16.8% in shrinkage. Therefore, AlNNS would represent excellent physical properties more than thermal conductivity, providing a new dimension research in high-thermal conductivity ceramics. Last but not least, nano sanding strategy as a purely physical process, avoids the subsequent chemical purification process, and has the advantages of simple and efficient, low energy consumption and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing evidence suggests there is a bidirectional relationship between depression and obesity, which are associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms subserving the foregoing associations have yet to be characterized. It is necessary to summarize the neuroplastic brain changes in relation to depression and obesity. We systematically searched articles from 1990 to November 2022 on databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO. Only neuroimaging studies within the scope of potential differences in brain function and structure in individuals with depression and obesity/ BMI changes were included. Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the review herein, consisting of 17 studies reporting changes in brain structure, 4 studies reporting abnormal brain function, and 3 studies reporting both changes in brain structure and function. Results indicated an interaction between depression and obesity on brain functions, and their influence on brain structure is both extensive and specific. Overall, reduced whole brain, intracranial, and gray matter volume (e.g. frontal, temporal gyri, thalamic, and hippocampal) and impaired white matter integrity was observed in persons with depression and obesity comorbidity. Additional evidence on resting state fMRI reveals select brain regions associated with cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reward functions. Due to the diversity of tasks in task fMRI, the distinct neural activation patterns are revealed separately. The bidirectional relationship between depression and obesity reflects different characteristics in brain structure and function. Longitudinal designs should be reinforced in follow-up studies. • This review summarized the neuroplastic brain changes in relation to depression and obesity. • The bidirectional relationship between depression and obesity reflects different brain characteristics. • Reduced whole brain, intracranial, gray matter volume, and impaired white matter integrity were associated with comorbidity. • Depression and obesity altered brain regions associated with cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reward functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heterogeneous bismuth silicate is a promising and environmental photocatalytic material. However, the cross-linked structure limits its catalytic activity. Here, we report a visible-driven composite photocatalyst with high catalytic activity, namely BOS-PS (layered Bi 2 O 2 SiO 3 -Si 2 Bi 24 O 40 modified with template PS spheres), which can solve the problem. By controlling the concentration of template and changing the reaction time, the microscopic morphology can be adjusted to obtain effective heterojunction and heterogeneous interfaces as well as highly active exposed surfaces. In addition, compared with BOS (Bi 2 O 2 SiO 3 -Si 2 Bi 24 O 40)-0PS (polystyrene microspheres), BOS-12PS has a thinner sheet structure, and the photocatalytic performance of BOS-12PS photocatalyst (98% within 90 min) is twice than that of BOS-0PS. The improved performance is mainly attributed to the increase of ·OH radicals and the modulation of its energy band structure by the oxygen defect level. Specifically, on the one hand, BOS-12PS has more ·OH radicals and can produce ·O 2 − on the surface. On the other hand, due to its upward-moving structure (Vo level), BOS-12PS plays an important role in the degradation of pollutants. Especially, the effective heterojunction formed by Bi 2 O 2 SiO 3 and Si 2 Bi 24 O 40 significantly improves the separation efficiency and redox capability of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effects of a focused plasma treatment on In 2 O 3 thin films prepared using a simple solution process at 250 °C. The effects of the focused plasma generated from N 2 gas and two gas mixtures (N 2 –H 2 and N 2 –H 2 –O 2) on the electrical performance of the TFTs were analyzed. [Display omitted] • The surface of indium oxide TFT was treated by focused plasma in gas mixtures. • Charge carrier mobility was optimized via the focused plasma flow rate. • A large improvement in performance and stability was observed. Solution-processed indium oxide (In 2 O 3) thin films have been studied widely as active layers for transparent semiconducting devices because of their high charge carrier concentration, low absorbance, simple fabrication methods, and low cost. Several studies on improving the electrical characteristics of thin-film transistors (TFTs) by optimizing and fine-tuning the fabrication process and using various post-deposition treatments have been conducted to take full advantage of these semiconductor films in high-performance electronics. This study examined the effects of a focused plasma (FP) treatment on In 2 O 3 thin films prepared using a simple solution process at 250 °C. The effects of the FP generated from N 2 gas and two gas mixtures (N 2 -H 2 and N 2 -H 2 -O 2) on the electrical performance of the TFTs were analyzed. The FP treatment enhanced the electrical properties of the device, and the specific performance and stability parameters were improved by the treatment conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the FP treatment could effectively control the oxygen vacancies and carrier concentration in the solution-processed In 2 O 3 thin films. Therefore, an FP beam is a viable method for optimizing In 2 O 3 TFTs prepared at low temperatures for application in high-performance transparent electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the feasibility of adding different ratios of konjac gum to xanthan gum (KGM/XG) as a regulating component to improve the texture, rheological and 3D-printing properties of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) using egg white microgels (EWMGs). In this approach, the EWMGs and KGM/XG formed hybrid particles through non-covalent interactions based on hydrogen bonding, supplemented by hydrophobic and ionic interactions. The size, zeta potential, and hydrophobicity of the EWMGs-KGM/XG particles could be fine-tuned by adjusting the KGM/XG ratio. Incorporating KGM/XG enhanced the ability of EWMGs to reduce the interfacial tension in oil/water systems, resulting in smaller droplet sizes within the HIPEs. Additionally, KGM/XG formed a network structure with the EWMGs, improving the storage modules, loss modules, recovery rate, and hardness of the resulting HIPEs. Adding KGM/XG improved the HIPE properties, such as apparent viscosity, shear thinning, self-support, and thixotropy related to 3D printing, although with a reduction in critical strain. When the KGM/XG ratio was 1/1, the printed pyramid shape had a clear line and no oil leakage, and the stability was best after storage at 4 °C for 5 days. Furthermore, the characteristics of HIPEs can be tailored to meet different processing and production requirements by adjusting the KGM/XG ratio. [Display omitted] • KGM/XG-EWMGs complex mainly through hydrogen bonding interaction to stabilize HIPEs. • KGM/XG ratios could regulates the structure and rheological properties of HIPEs. • When only KGM or KGM/XG ratio was 1/1, the complex printing shape had a clear line. • When KGM/XG ratio was 1/1, the HIPEs printed shape was best after refrigerate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report two strategies to expand the library of Phosphorescence Units , including altering the central atom and bromination. Directed by these two strategies, numerous new Phosphorescence Units can be designed. Due to the limitation of organic synthesis and commercial availability, eight organic units (BCz, NBF, BNT, BrBCz-1, BrBCz-2, BrBCz-3, BrBCz-4 and BrBNT) were obtained to verify our proposed methods and study the impact of central atoms and bromination sites on organic room temperature phosphorescence. Considering BCz, NBF and BNT (Group Ⅰ) together, when the central atom is N or S, the room temperature phosphorescence is on as BCz and BNT have higher ISC (Intersystem Crossing) efficiency than NBF; from N to S, phosphorescence wavelength red shifts because the T 1 energy level is closely related to the central atom and the lifetime shortens due to different ISC efficiency. Considering BCz, BrBCz-1, BrBCz-2 and BrBCz-3 (Group Ⅱ), bromination and different bromination sites on the benzene ring matters much to ISC efficiency but little to the intrinsic T 1 energy level, leading to dramatical increase of phosphorescence intensity, sharp drop of phosphorescence lifetime and subtle change of phosphorescence wavelength (color). Considering BrBCz-4 and BrBNT (Group Ⅲ), bromination on the naphthalene moiety greatly affects both ISC efficiency and the intrinsic T 1 energy level, resulting in dramatical increase of phosphorescence intensity, sharp drop of phosphorescence lifetime and significant red shift of phosphorescence color. Therefore, BNT, BrBCz-1, BrBCz-2, BrBCz-3, BrBCz-4 and BrBNT can be regarded as new Phosphorescence Units while NBF cannot be. To our best knowledge, this work for the first time gives design suggestions of organic room temperature materials from the atomic level. This work may give a deep insight into organic phosphorescence from the perspective of Phosphorescence Units and lay foundation for their future applications. [Display omitted] • We report two strategies to expand the library of Phosphorescence Units , including altering the central atom and bromination. • The central atom can switch on/off the room temperature phosphorescence. • Bromination can boost ISC efficiency, leading to a dramatic increase of phosphorescence intensity and sharp drop of phosphorescence lifetime. • Different bromination sites on the benzene ring can hardly alter the phosphorescence wavelength (color) due to the slight change of the T 1 energy levels while bromination on the naphthalene moiety can obviously shift the phosphorescence color to longer wavelength as the T 1 energy level declines significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzene is the main environmental pollutant and risk factor of childhood leukemia and chronic benzene poisoning. Benzene exposure leads to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) dysfunction and abnormal blood cell counts. However, the key regulatory targets and mechanisms of benzene hematotoxicity are unclear. In this study, we constructed a benzene-induced hematopoietic damage mouse model to explore the underlying mechanisms. We identified that Insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was significantly reduced in benzene-exposed mice. Moreover, targeting IGF2BP1 effectively mitigated damages to hematopoietic function and hematopoietic molecule expression caused by benzene in mice. On the mechanics, by metabolomics and transcriptomics, we discovered that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and fatty acid oxidation were key metabolic pathways, and Branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) and Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1A) were critical metabolic enzymes involved in IGF2BP1-mediated hematopoietic injury process. The expression of the above molecules in the benzene exposure population was also examined and consistent with animal experiments. In conclusion, targeting IGF2BP1 alleviated hematopoietic injury caused by benzene exposure, possibly due to the reprogramming of BCAA metabolism and fatty acid oxidation via BCAT1 and CPT1A metabolic enzymes. IGF2BP1 is a potential regulatory and therapeutic target for benzene hematotoxicity. [Display omitted] • Loss of IGF2BP1 was observed in benzene-exposed mice and workers. • Targeting IGF2BP1 ameliorated benzene hematopoietic injury in mice. • IGF2BP1 regulated CPT1A and BCAT1 to reprogram FAO and BCAA metabolism. • IGF2BP1, CPT1A, and BCAT1 were potential makers of benzene-exposed workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreatic β-cells express ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, consisting of octamer complexes containing four sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) and four Kir6.2 subunits. Loss of KATP channel function causes persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), a rare but debilitating condition if not treated. We previously showed that the sodiumchannel blocker carbamazepine (Carb) corrects KATP channel surface expression defects induced by PHHI-causing mutations in SUR1. In this study, we show that Carb treatment can also ameliorate the trafficking deficits associated with a recently discovered PHHI-causing mutation in Kir6.2 (Kir6.2-A28V). In human embryonic kidney 293 or INS-1 cells expressing this mutant KATP channel (SUR1 and Kir6.2-A28V), biotinylation and immunostaining assays revealed that Carb can increase surface expression of the mutant KATP channels. We further examined the subcellular distributions of mutant KATP channels before and after Carb treatment; without Carb treatment, we found that mutant KATP channels were aberrantly accumulated in the Golgi apparatus. However, after Carb treatment, coimmunoprecipitation of mutant KATP channels and Golgi marker GM130 was diminished, and KATP staining was also reduced in lysosomes. Intriguingly, Carb treatment also simultaneously increased autophagic flux and p62 accumulation, suggesting that autophagy-dependent degradation of the mutant channel was not only stimulated but also interrupted. In summary, our data suggest that surface expression of Kir6.2-A28V KATP channels is rescued by Carb treatment via promotion of mutant KATP channel exit from the Golgi apparatus and reduction of autophagy-mediated protein degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• First meta -analysis characterized diagnostic accuracy of facial motor evoked potentials for cerebellopontine angle tumor surgeries. • Facial motor evoked potentials were a useful indicator for postoperative facial outcomes in both immediate and follow-up periods. • Amplitude cutoff criteria and a dichotomous facial strength assessment improved facial motor evoked potentials accuracy. Our aim is to explore the value of intraoperative facial motor evoked potentials (FMEP) for facial outcomes in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor surgery to provide an evidence-based consensus standard for future clinical practice and prospective studies. Electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2023. Study quality was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool. Bivariate and random-effects models for meta -analysis and meta -regression generated summary receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and forest plots for estimates of sensitivity and specificity. We included 17 studies (1,206 participants). Sensitivity was lower in the immediate (IM) post-operative (0.76, 95% CI 0.65–0.84) compared to follow-up (FU) period (0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.88) while specificity was similar in both groups (IM, 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.97; FU, 0.93, 95% CI 0.87–0.96). Data driven estimates improved FMEP performance but require confirmation from future studies. Amplitude cutoff criteria and studies that scored new deficits as worse than House-Brackmann (HB) grade 2 yielded best sensitivities. FMEP demonstrated statistically significant accuracy for facial function monitoring. Implementation of FMEPs varied widely across studies. Our study is the first systematic review with meta -analysis to demonstrate that intraoperative FMEP is valuable in CPA tumor surgery for facial outcomes. Meta-regression identified the methods that were most useful in the application of FMEPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intervertebral disc exhibits not only strain rate dependence (viscoelasticity), but also significant asymmetry under tensile and compressive loads, which is of great significance for understanding the mechanism of lumbar disc injury under physiological loads. In this study, the strain rate sensitive and tension-compression asymmetry of the intervertebral disc were analyzed by experiments and constitutive equation. The Sheep intervertebral disc samples were divided into three groups, in order to test the strain rate sensitive mechanical behavior, and the internal displacement as well as pressure distribution. The tensile stiffness is one order of magnitude smaller than the compression stiffness, and the logarithm of the elastic modulus is approximately linear with the logarithm of the strain rate, showing obvious tension-compression asymmetry and rate-related characteristics. In addition, the sensitivity to the strain rate is the same under these two loading conditions. The stress–strain curves of unloading and loading usually do not coincide, and form a Mullins effect hysteresis loop. The radial displacement distribution is opposite between the anterior and posterior region, which is consistent with the stress distribution. By introducing the damage factor into ZWT constitutive equation, the rate-dependent viscoelastic and weakening behavior of the intervertebral disc can be well described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MXene/PANI nanocomposite have been prepared and introduced into the hydrogel electrodes. • The Fe3+ additive significantly enhance the capacitance performance of the MXene/PANI-based hydrogel supercapacitor. • The supercapacitor shows good mechanical stretchability and temperature adaptability. Conducting polymer-based conductive hydrogels can offer adjustable electronic characteristics and superior mechanical performance, thus holding significant promise for flexible supercapacitors. However, some of such hydrogel electrodes still suffer from inferior stability, unsatisfactory energy density, and narrow temperature tolerance, which limit their widespread use in flexible supercapacitors. Herein, polyaniline was coated on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene flakes by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer pre-assembled on the MXene surface. The resulting MXene/PANI conductive nanofillers, Fe3+ ions, and phytic acid were introduced into the gelatin/polyacrylamide hydrogel scaffold to form highly stretchable MPGP-Fe y hydrogel electrodes. Benefiting from the highly electrochemical activity of MXene/PANI conductive nanocomposite, efficient redox transition of Fe3+/Fe2+, and high open structure, the assembled all-gel symmetrical MPGP-Fe y supercapacitors can achieve a maximum specific capacitance of 847 mF/cm2, an impressive energy density of 71.8 μWh/cm2, and an exceptional cyclic stability, retaining 95 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The phytic acid is advantageous in lowering the freezing points of both the hydrogel electrode and electrolyte layer. The developed supercapacitors demonstrate promising temperature-adaptive properties over a wide range of −30 ∼ 90 °C. When operated at −30 °C, an impressive stable output with long-term stability of 93 % retention are achieved. With the merits of good processability, high flexibility and stretchability, the present device can serve as an optimal energy source for powering diverse electronic components in practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study on the axial compression performance of trussed concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) hybrid structures. A total of 26 specimens were tested, including 15 circular and 11 square cross-sectional specimens. The effects of cross-sectional types, yield strength of steel of CFST chord, web types, number of chords, and equivalent slenderness ratio were investigated to clarify the mechanical behavior of trussed structure. The analyses of the full-range response, the typical failure mode, and the distribution of the transverse deflection and strain of the structures were carried out. A finite element analysis (FEA) modelling of trussed CFST structure was established and validated against the experimental results. Through the numerical simulation, the analysis of the internal force and stress was conducted, and the hybrid effect between the web and CFST chord was revealed. Based on parameter analysis, the design calculation was proposed, and the trussed CFST hybrid structure was equivalent to a single CFST to calculate its load-bearing capacity by introducing equivalent slenderness ratio proposed. ● A total of 26 specimens were tested, including 15 circular and 11 square cross-sectional specimens. ● The influences of critical factors of trussed CFST hybrid structure were investigated. ● A FEA modelling for trussed CFST hybrid structure subjected to axial compression was established and validated. ● Design calculation for trussed CFST hybrid structure were proposed and carefully verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of heating temperature (70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C) and egg white dosage (5%, 7.5%, 10%) on the physicochemical properties of chicken egg white microgels (EWMGs) were investigated. The results showed that both temperature and EW dosage would affect the EWMG in terms of its particle size, surface hydrophobicity, contact angle and zeta potential. At a given temperature, the content of α-helix in the EWMG was positively correlated to the protein concentration; while at a fixed EW dosage, the content of α-helix in the EWMG was negatively correlated to the temperature. High inter-phase Pickering emulsions (HIPEs) with EWMGs prepared at high temperature-low protein as stabilizer were shown to have smaller droplet size and better thermal and centrifugal stability. Rheological analysis of these HIPEs showed slight upward trends for both storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) and relatively weak frequency dependency. The HIPEs showing both shear thinning and recovery rate can be used as good food ink for 3D printing, and the HIPEs stabilized by the EWMG obtained at 90°C-5% performed the best. [Display omitted] • The obtained egg white microgels (EWMGs) are globular and nanoscale particles. • EWGM prepared at high temperature-low dosage have better structural flexibility. • HIPEs stabilized by the EWGMs obtain at 90 °C-5% have better environmental stability. • HIPEs stability by the EWGMs can be used as the potential ink for 3D printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a full-scale model study of geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported (GRPS) track-bed to investigate the effect of geogrid reinforcement and the evolution of pile efficacy (ratio of load borne by the pile cap to the total applied load). Three testing procedures were followed: model construction, static loading and subsoil settlement (simulated by discharging of water bags surrounding the pile caps). The results indicated that partially mobilized soil arching was developed during the first two procedures. When sufficient subsoil settlement was reached, fully mobilized soil arching was established. The geogrid was proven to effectively transfer load from the water bag to the pile cap. The stress difference induced by the geogrid showed lower absolute values for the corresponding sensors above the water bag during loading and settlement procedures, due to the inverse triangular distribution of the vertical-directional geogrid tensile force above the water-bag area. The experimental results of pile efficacy were compared to the estimations of four analytical models. For the present test at partially mobilized arching state, the pile efficacy increased with the construction height increasing and decreased as the static loading increased. The partially mobilized arching also resulted in overestimations of the pile efficacy from all four analytical models. At fully mobilized arching state, the pile efficacy stayed relatively stable, being well predicted by all four analytical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Rigorously develop the Multi-snapshot NOMP (MNOMP). • Provide a stopping criterion based on overestimating probability. • Analyze the convergence of MNOMP. • Show a near-optimal performance of MNOMP. In this paper, multi-snapshot Newtonized orthogonal matching pursuit (MNOMP) algorithm is proposed to deal with the line spectrum estimation with multiple measurement vectors (MMVs). MNOMP has the low computation complexity and state-of-the-art performance advantage of NOMP, and also includes two key steps: Detecting a new sinusoid on an oversampled discrete Fourier transform (DFT) grid and refining the parameters of already detected sinusoids to avoid the problem of basis mismatch. We provide a stopping criterion based on the overestimating probability of the model order. In addition, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is also proved. Finally, numerical results are conducted to show that the performance of MNOMP benefits from MMVs, and the effectiveness of MNOMP when compared against the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of frequency estimation accuracy and computation complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xiao-Lin Wang et al., Effect of the Gas Flow Rate in the Focused-Oxygen Plasma Treatment of Solution- Processed Indium Oxide Thin Film Transistors. [Display omitted] • The surface of indium oxide TFT was treated by focusing oxygen plasma. • Charge carrier mobility was optimized via the dopant concentration. • A large improvement in performance and stability was observed. In 2 O 3 is a transparent semiconductor layer due to its transparency, high mobility, and solution processability. In this paper, we study the effect of focused oxygen plasma treatment on solution processed indium oxide films annealed at 250 °C and analyze the effect of the gas flow rate. Thin film transistor devices were prepared based on pristine In 2 O 3 films and films treated with oxygen plasma using flow rates of 3, 6, and 9 sccm. The results show that controlling the plasma flow rate can be used to finetune the device characteristics, and the selecting the optimal flow rate is important to improve the electron mobility, threshold voltage, on/off current ratio, and the electrical stability of the devices. The In 2 O 3 TFTs treated at 6 sccm showed the best performance with mobility of 2.19 cm2V−1s−1, threshold voltage of of 4.25 V, and on/off current ratio of 2.13 × 106. The successful fabrication of high-performance, low-temperature solution deposited indium oxide transistors using the focused oxygen plasma treatment for electrical device applications demonstrates the practical potential of this treatment method for future transparent electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-crystal structure and highly efficient sky-blue electroluminescent devices of Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic) achieving peak EQE of 14.27 % and CE of 29.79cd/A. [Display omitted] • (Fppy) 2 (Mepic) was synthesized, and its single crystal was obtained. • The thermal stability, photophysics and electrochemistry of Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic) were investigated. • Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic)-based OLEDs were fabricated, and their performances were studied. • By extensively optimizing, highly efficient sky-blue devices were achieved. • The device's external quantum efficiency reaches an impressive 14.27%. An iridium complex, Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic), was synthesized, and its single crystal was obtained. The single-crystal structure, thermal stability, UV–vis absorption, photoluminescence, phosphorescent lifetime and electrochemistry of Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic) were thoroughly investigated. Ir(Fppy) 2 (Mepic) was incorporated into OLEDs by vacuum thermal deposition technique, and the performances of these devices were studied. The continuously optimized devices, with this Ir complex doped EML, demonstrate remarkable efficiencies for the sky-blue emissive device, achieving peak EQE of 14.27 %, CE of 29.79 cd/A and luminance of 16791 cd/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Cu segregation is commonly known to negatively impact the comprehensive mechanical properties of Cu-containing high entropy alloys (HEAs), this study investigated the effects of transition elements on Cu segregation by adding X (X = Fe, Co, and Ni) into the precursor HEA, CrCuTiV. Cu segregation was observed in the cases of X = Fe or Co, but not for X = Ni or none (i.e., without element addition). Analysis indicates that Cu segregation results from the moderate valence electron concentration and positive mixing enthalpy in the X = Fe and Co alloys, which enhance the strength via solid solution strengthening but reduce the plasticity by promoting crack formation and propagation. In contrast, the precursor alloy CrCuTiV demonstrated an exceptional combination of yield strength (1456 MPa), plasticity (21.2%), and specific yield strength (218.3 kPa m3/kg). The study sheds light on the influence of similar 3d elements on Cu segregation and its impact on the mechanical properties, which may aid in the design and development of Cu-containing HEAs with optimized mechanical properties for various industrial applications. • The middle VEC and positive mixing enthalpy in the Cu-containing HEAs are beneficial to form Cu segregation phase. • The precursor CrCuTiV alloy possesses an outstanding combination in specific strength and plasticity. • The morphological landscape of Cu-containing HEAs can be designed rather than postmortem determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing all-gel supercapacitors with high capacitance and stretchability remains a challenge. Herein, high mass of electroactive anthraquinonemonosulfonate(AQS)-doped polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles templated by poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) have been loaded into poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel. The extra energy storage of AQS significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of the obtained PPy-AQS-PVA/PAA hydrogel electrodes. As a result, the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor can deliver a large areal specific capacitance of 392.5 mF/cm2, a high energy density of 34.89 μWh/cm2 and an enhanced cycling performance with 118% capacitance retention after 5000 CV cycles. Besides, such a device can work normally under various deformations and at extreme temperatures. Notably, the PPy-AQS-PVA/PAA hydrogels exhibit sustainable sensing capability for strain. When integrated the flexible supercapacitor with the strain sensor, a promising self-powered sensing system can monitor both large and subtle human movements accurately. Therefore, the multifunctional conductive PPy-AQS-PVA/PAA hydrogels have great potential in flexible electronic devices. [Display omitted] • The morphology of the AQS doped PPy nanocomposite is regulated by the PVA template. • PPy-AQS-PVA nanofillers with high dispersibility are introduced into PAA hydrogel. • The PPy-AQS-PVA/PAA supercapacitor exhibits high capacitance performance. • A self-powered sensing system is achieved by using PPy-AQS-PVA/PAA hydrogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduced the mechanical performance of trussed square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) hybrid structure subjected to axial compression. A refined finite element analysis (FEA) modelling was established and verified against the experimental results. Based on the FEA modelling, the hybrid effect and the working mechanism of the structure were revealed through the comprehensive analysis of the internal force distribution, the axial compression force (N) versus average longitudinal strain (ε) relation, the typical failure modes, and the stress distribution. The N - ε relation was classified into five types according to the failure modes and critical factors elucidated. The criterion for determining the ultimate limit state of the trussed square CFST hybrid structure was established by investigating its load-bearing capacity and peak strain. An interface contact stress model was proposed to describe the hybrid effect of the structure. Based on parametric analysis, critical parameters used to characterize the hybrid effect were identified, thereby the equivalent slenderness ratio for straight trussed CFST hybrid structure and that for a curved one considering the influence of the initial curvature ratio were proposed. The quantitative relationships between the stability factor and equivalent slenderness ratio were established and validated so as to facilitate the calculation of the load-bearing capacity for both straight and curved trussed square CFST hybrid structures. • A refined FE modelling for trussed CFST hybrid structure was established and carefully verified. • The hybrid effect of the structure was revealed and the criterion for its ultimate limit state was established. • The N - ε relationship and failure modes were classified and their characteristics were elucidated. • Simplified calculation methods for trussed CFST hybrid structure were proposed and validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the parametric analysis and design method for the concrete-encased hexagonal concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column base under combined compression and biaxial bending. The corresponding experimental and numerical investigations on the seismic performance of the concrete-encased hexagonal CFST column base under combined compression and biaxial bending have been presented in the companion paper (Yang et al., 2023). The finite element model established in the companion paper is used to study the influence of key parameters on the load bearing capacity and the distribution of internal force. These parameters include those of the CFST column, the outer RC, the plate-anchor component, the axial load ratio and shear connectors. A total of six failure modes are identified, including three types of flexural failure and three types of shear failure. The ultimate capacity and ductility of the column base with flexural failure at the bottom or top of the plate are higher than that of other four failure modes, which are determined as the reasonable failure modes for practical application in the design and analysis of concrete-encased column bases. A novel design approach for the concrete-encased CFST column base is introduced. A simplified method is proposed to predict the flexural resistance of the concrete-encased CFST column base, following up with the shear strength calculation of outer RC to determine the stirrup arrangement. Some constructional recommendations are also proposed. • A parametric study is presented to investigate the effect of major parameters on the failure mode and internal force distribution of the concrete-encased column base. • A simplified strength model for concrete-encased column base under combined compression and biaxial bending is presented. • Constructional recommendations for the concrete-encased column base under combined compression and biaxial bending are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the seismic behaviour of concrete-encased hexagonal concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column base under combined compression and biaxial bending. A total of 12 column base specimens are tested in terms of failure modes, load-displacement relationship, strain distribution, strength and stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity. The main parameters include the height of the outer reinforced concrete component, the loading angle of lateral load, the axial load ratio, the cross section of the CFST column and the base type. A finite element model is established, validated, and used to study the distribution of internal force. The effects of some key parameters on the internal force distribution of column base are studied, including the second-order torsion, the loading angle, the loading path of the lateral load and the sustained load. Three types of flexural failure modes are identified in both experimental and numerical investigations. The outer RC component as well as the axial load ratio have a significant influence on the failure mode of the column base. The concrete-encased column base tends to fail at the top section of the base plate with a higher axial load level. The outer reinforced concrete not only resists external load with the CFST column and plate-anchor component together, but also improves the strength and ductility of the CFST column. • A set of test data on concrete-encased hexagonal CFST column bases under combined compression and biaxial bending is presented. • An FE model is developed and verified against the test results. • Full-range analysis and load transfer mechanism study are conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A series of impact tests were conducted on 26 RAC-FST members and 25 RAC-FST K-joints on a drop hammer rig. • The structural performance under combined effects of chloride corrosion, sustained loading and lateral impact was analyzed. • Finite element (FE) models were established to study the structural behaviour and effects of parameters. • Simplified models were proposed for the dynamic flexural capacities of the RAC-FST members and chords under impact loads. A series of tests are conducted on 26 recycle aggregate concrete (RAC)-filled steel tubular (FST) members and 25 RAC-FST K-joints on a drop hammer rig. Salient parameters considered in the experimental program include the axial load ratio, the replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), the height of the hammer and the application of combined corrosion and sustained loading, et al. The shrinkage and creep deformation of core RAC is measured for 185 days, and the influence of key parameters on the structural performance of both RAC-FST members and K-joints are analyzed. A finite element (FE) model is established and verified against the test results. Considering the effects of combined chloride corrosion and sustained loading, the FE model is successively employed to investigate the behaviour of RAC-FST members and K-joints under lateral impact, including the failure mode, the time history relationships of impact load and deflection, the distribution of internal force and stress, et al. The axial compression performance of the member and the chords of K-joints after being subjected to combined loading is evaluated. On the basis of the parametric analysis, simplified models considering the effects of chloride corrosion and sustained loading are obtained to calculate the dynamic flexural capacity of the RAC-FST members and the chords of RAC-FST K-joints under impact loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is challenging to construct photocatalysts with excellent adsorption-photocatalytic synergy and multi-system pollutant degradation by utilizing double heterostructure with unique nanoflower structure and energy band modulation. Here, a nanoflower-like double-heterojunction composite photocatalyst with high visible light activity is prepared in situ by ion exchange, namely BOSBM (M=I, B, C, K, L; the modified ions are I-, Br-, Cl-, K- and Li-). On the other hand, surface-charged ions provide multiple adsorption sites for pollutants. In BOSBC-6 (the ion is Cl-, the concentration is 1.05 mol/L) photocatalyst, the photocatalytic performance (10 min, degradation rate of 98 %) is 4 times that of BOS. It still has excellent catalytic stability (30 min, 98 % degradation rate) even after 3 cycles of testing. Meanwhile, BOSBM exhibited high degradation efficiency for dye (RhB) and various antibiotics (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline hydrochloride). Due to its upward shifting structure (Vo level), BOSBM plays an important role in the degradation of multi-system pollutants. In particular, the formation of Bi 2 O 2 SiO 3 -BiOCl and Si 2 Bi 24 O 40 -BiOCl double heterojunctions in BOSBC-6, which significantly improves the separation efficiency and increases the redox capacity of the sample. Therefore, this work broadens the application range of bismuth silicate photocatalysts and provides a new strategy for obtaining photocatalysts with excellent adsorption-photocatalytic synergistic effect by utilizing the heterojunction structure for modification purposes. • Bi 2 O 2 SiO 3 and BiOCl with a similar sandwich structure can easily share the [Bi 2 O 2 ]2+ layer to achieve crystal conversion. • The nano-flower-like structure provides hierarchical adsorption channels, and the residual charged ions accelerate the adsorption process. • The double heterojunction separates the photogenerated carriers to the greatest extent and improves the adsorption-catalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sturgeon fish skin gelatin (FG) could not form gelation for printing at room temperature and must be hold its shape at low temperature after printing due to low melting and solidifying temperature, causing certain energy loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various types (κ-carrageenan: KG; λ-carrageenan: LG; ι-carrageenan: IG) and proportions of carrageenan on the gelation properties and melting temperatures of sturgeon skin gelatin blended system and realize 3D printability at room temperature. The results showed that the turbidity of the blended systems increased significantly with adding 0.4%–0.8% carrageenan. Meanwhile, when the additive concentration of KG was 0.4%, the highest gel strength was 104.02 g. And the hardness and adhesive of gel were 5.44 times and 5.37 times of that single gelatin sample when the concentration of KG reached 0.8%. When IG was added, the melting temperature of the blended system could be improved most obviously, followed by KG, while LG could improve least. In addition, the blended system with IG could form a more dense and uniform network structure. The results of thixotropy showed the gel formed by the blended system had certain thixotropy, but the lag circle area is small resulted in the insufficient shape stability after printing. Among them, the blended systems with 0.8% KG and IG received successfully 3D printing at room temperature. In short, carrageenan has a positive effect on improving the gelation properties and applying in 3D printing of the sturgeon skin gelatin system at room temperature. [Display omitted] • The various types and proportions of carrageenan were investigated. • The gel strength of blend system achieved the highest value when adding 0.4% KG. • Carrageenan increases melting temperature of the gelatin system and IG is the best. • FG-KG and FG-IG could be 3D printing better than FG-LG at room temperature. • Adding 0.8% IG in the blended system is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A ratiometric fluorescence probe (named ZOC) for the fast detection of HClO/ClO− was constructed by coumarin (donor) and pyridinium (acceptor) based on Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) platform. ZOC possessed red emission signal (610 nm), large Stocks shift (190 nm), high energy transfer efficiency (95.3%), high selectivity and sensitivity, low detection limit (25 nM), wider detection range (from 25 nM to 30 μM), rapid response (within 13 S), and good biocompatibility. It was very interesting that the recognition mechanism involved a new organic reaction in which olefin double bond reacted first with HClO/ClO− regioselectively, followed by cyclization. ZOC was successfully used to the real time detection of endogenous HClO/ClO− in RAW 264.7 cells. Image 1 • A ratiometric fluorescence probe for rapidly monitoring (within 13 S) HClO/ClO− was developed. • FRET-based probe displayed larger gap band (130 nm) between two emissions. • A novel recognition mechanism was observed. • The probe was applied to the real time detection of endogenous HClO/ClO− in living RAW264.7 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a numerical investigation on concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) beam-columns with square sections subjected to combined sustained load and corrosion. A general numerical method is used for the simulation of the time dependent behaviour of the core concrete, while the wall-thickness loss of the outer steel tube induced by corrosion is considered in this model simultaneously. The established finite element analysis (FEA) modelling is verified with test data and used for further investigations of the load-deformation relationship, load-transfer mechanism, stress and strain development, failure modes and ultimate states on CFST beam-columns when suffering combined sustained load and corrosion. Parametric studies are conducted to reveal the effects of key parameters, based on which simplified design method is suggested for square CFST beam-columns under combined sustained load and corrosion. • Effective FEA model is established to account for square CFST beam-columns under coupled sustained load and corrosion. • Discussions on full-range mechanism and evaluations on ultimate states are conducted using the validated FEA modelling. • Simplified design method is proposed for the strength prediction based on comprehensive parametric studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Recently, there has an increased focus on the isolation, chemical properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides from buckwheat (Fagopyrum Mill), which is a member of the Polygonaceae family. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that polysaccharides are important biologically-active components of buckwheat, with numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic effects. The purpose of this mini-review is to appraise available literature describing the extraction, separation, purification, structural characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from buckwheat. This mini-review also provides a foundation for the further investigation, production and application of buckwheat polysaccharides as functional foods and therapeutic agents. Highlights • Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Mill) is a well-known Chinese edible and medicinal grain crop. • Buckwheat polysaccharide is one of abundant groups and bioactive components. • Isolation, structure and bioactivities of buckwheat polysaccharide are highlighted. • The exact structure and structure-bioactivity relationship need to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract With the mounting empirical evidence of the benefits of mindfulness, the researchers of the present study incorporated mindful learning in digital game-based learning of creativity. A two-phase study was conducted to (1) develop the Inventory of Mindful Learning Experience in Digital Games (IMLE-DG); and (2) develop a training program of the Digital Game-based Learning of Creativity (DGLC), by which the relationship among achievement goal, self-determination, mindful learning, and mastery experience during digital game-based learning of creativity were investigated through experimental instruction. One hundred and eighty-one 3rd to 6th graders were used in the development of IMLE-DG, and 95 3rd and 4th graders were included in the six-week experimental instruction through the DGLC. The results suggest that the IMLE-DG has good reliability and validity. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.974 and exploratory factor analysis yielded three factors: curiosity and open-mindedness, attention and grit, and emotion regulation. Confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the three-factor structure was a good-fit model (Goodness-fit-index = 0.913). Moreover, analytical results showed that achievement goal and self-determination influenced mastery experience through mindful learning experience, suggesting that mindful learning is a crucial mediator of mastery experience in digital game-based learning of creativity. With key features of story-based, interdisciplinary, and 3-D design, The DGLC provides an original and valuable vehicle for creativity learning. In addition, the incorporated mechanisms (rewards, free choices, immediate feedback, and peer-evaluation) for enhancing goal achievement, self-determination, and mindful learning shed light on the design of game-based learning and creativity instruction. Highlights • An interdisciplinary game-based learning program for creativity (DGLC) was developed. • The DGLC includes the training of both creativity skills and dispositions. • An inventory for mindful learning experience was developed with three factors. • The incorporated mechanisms in the DGLC shed light on the design of game-based learning. • Achievement goal and self-determination influenced mastery experience through mindful learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper reviews the previous studies on bond behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) and recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tubes (RAC-FST). The bond behaviour between the steel tube and the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) of RAC-FST is experimentally investigated then. A series of push-out tests on 56 RAC-FST specimens are conducted with parameters of cross-section type, cross-sectional dimension, strength of RAC, replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate and interface treatment (i.e. oilin, polishing). Mechanism of the effects of chemical adhesion, micro-interlocking and macro-interlocking on the bond strength is discussed and investigated based on the testing results. The analytical results show that the cross-section type and cross-sectional dimension are two main parameters that influence the bond strength between the steel tube and the RAC core. It can be concluded that, in general, the bond behavior of the RAC-FST is similar to that of the steel-concrete surface in concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST). Finally, empirical formulas are proposed for the calculations of the bond strength between the core concrete and the outer steel tubes. Highlights • A series of push-out tests on 56 RAC-FST specimens were conducted. • Mechanism analysis was carried out and the bond mechanism was thoroughly interpreted. • The influences of important parameters on bond strength were analyzed. • Empirical formulas were proposed for bond strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Model of the behaviour of concrete-encased CFST column subjected to full-range fire. • Sensitivity analysis of the main parameters on the modelling aspects. • Analysis of the load share redistributions under fire exposure and postfire loading. Abstract This paper presents an advanced finite element analysis (FEA) model to predict the fire behaviour of concrete-encased concrete-filled steel tube (CSFT) columns. The sequentially coupled thermal-stress analysis method provided in the software package ABAQUS was used. Full-range fire simulation given in this paper included four phases, i.e. loading (to a certain load level) at ambient temperature, standard fire exposure (heating) with the load applied, cooling down phase and postfire loading up to final failure. Calibrated empirical models for steel tube, unconfined and confined concrete (confined by steel tube and by reinforcement, respectively) over the four phases were chosen separately and applied to the FEA model. Numerical results from the model were compared with previously reported results of the experiments on the concrete-encased CFST columns, in terms of ultimate strength at ambient temperature, temperature field, failure modes, fire resistance, axial deformation versus time relationships, load versus axial deformation relationships and postfire residual strength. It is found that acceptable agreement was reached between the predictions and experimental observations, although some aspects could be further improved. Sensitivity analyses on several identified parameters of the modelling were conducted. Recommendations on simulating the full range fire behaviour of concrete-encased CFST columns were proposed based on the numerical study presented in this paper. In addition, the calculated internal force of the tested specimens was extracted and analysed, which confirmed the design concept of the composite action of concrete-encased CFST columns in fire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The concrete-encased concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column to RC beam joint is composed of the concrete-encased concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column and the reinforced concrete (RC) beam. Concrete-encased CFST column consists of a CFST component and an outer reinforced concrete (RC) component. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the seismic performance of this kind of composite joints. Thirteen joints were tested under a constant axial load on the column and a cyclic vertical load on the beam. The test parameters include the joint types, the connection types, the axial load level, the joint core volumetric stirrup ratio, the beam longitudinal rebar ratio and the sectional dimension of the beam. Four types of typical failure modes are found, and the corresponding hysteretic relationships are analyzed based on the test results. The seismic performance of the composite joint is also evaluated by several indexes, such as rigidity degradation, strength degradation, ductility, and energy dissipation. Finally, a comparison with other typical joints is conducted to exhibit the seismic performance of the concrete-encased CFST column. Highlights • Thirteen concrete-encased CFST column to RC beam joints were tested under constant axial load and cyclic vertical load. • The failure modes and hysteretic relations of concrete-encased CFST column to RC beam joints were investigated. • Several aspects reflecting the seismic performance of this composite joints were analyzed. • The seismic performance of this composite joint was compared with other conventional joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Lipid droplets were found to be involved in many organism activities. Here, a lipid droplets-targeted near-infrared fluorescence probe (named XHZ) for ratiometric detection of endogenous hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HClO/ClO-) in living cells was developed, which was constructed by a coumarin moiety and a malononitrile derivative. XHZ could detect HClO/ClO- with high selectivity and sensitivity in a ratiometric manner based on FRET (Förster Resonance Energy Transfer) mechanism. The two well-resolved emission (470/672 nm) bands could ensure accurate detection of HClO/ClO- in vitro as well as in vivo. XHZ was successfully used for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of exogenous and endogenous HClO/ClO- in RAW264.7 cells. A good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity ratios of the two emissions and HClO/ClO- concentrations from 0 to 40 μM was obtained. Importantly, XHZ could localize mainly in lipid droplets of RAW264.7 cells. To the best of our knowledge, XHZ is the first lipid droplets-targeted ratiometric fluorescence probe for HClO/ClO-. Graphical abstract FRET-based hypochlorite NIR specific bioprobe (XHZ) for lipid droplets was reported here. fx1 Highlights • A lipid droplets-targeted fluorescence NIR probe (XHZ). • Ratiometric detection of endogenous hypochlorite in the living cells. • Well-resolved emission (from 672 nm to 470 nm). • Ratiometric tracking of endogenous HClO/ClO- in RAW264.7 cells with high selectivity and sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper presents an experimental study on concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) beam-columns with square sections under combined sustained load and chloride corrosion. A total of 11 specimens (including 7 CFST members and 4 reference hollow steel tubes designed for comparison) were tested under 120-day sustained load in accelerated chloride corrosion environment and then loaded to failure. The main test parameters include load ratio (ratio between the long-term sustained load and the ultimate capacity of the specimen under short-term loading) and corrosion depth. The failure modes, full-range load-displacement relationship, load-strain relationship and ductility were measured and compared. Based on the experimental observation, mechanism of CFST beam-column members under the combined effects of sustained load and chloride corrosion was discussed and compared to the reference hollow steel tubes. Traditional design methods were modified for the consideration of combined sustained load and corrosion, which were calibrated and evaluated against the test results. Highlights • Experimental studies on square CFST beam-columns under combined sustained load and corrosion. • Discussions on the behaviour and mechanism of square CFST beam-columns under combined sustained load and corrosion. • Simplified design methods for the ultimate strength prediction of corroded square CFST beam-columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Using finite element analysis and biomechanical tests, the biomechanical behaviors of Medial Sustainable Nail (MSN) and Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) were compared for the fixation of fracture type of AO/OTA 31-A2.3.Methods: Finite element software Abaqus 6.14 was used to conduct axial loading of 2100 N and we analyzed the von Mises stress distribution and the model displacement of two implant models. Biomechanical tests were separately conducted in the axial stiffness test and axial cyclical loading test on a mechanical testing machine.Results: The results indicate that von Mises stress of MSN was lower than that of PFNA, and the model displacement in the MSN group was lower than that in the PFNA group. In the axial stiffness tests, MSN group was stiffer than PFNA construct. With respect to the axial load to ultimate failure, the PFNA construct exhibited higher loads exceeding 4000 N while the MSN construct withstood 3313.8 ± 92.8 N. Specifically, F10mm was 2178.6 ± 133.2 N of the MSN group and 1822.6 ± 93.1 N of the PFNA group (P = 0.001). Additionally, X2100N was 9.8 ± 0.5 mm of the MSN group and 11.7 ± 0.7 mm of the PFNA group (P = 0.002). The MSN group exhibited superior performances in terms of the mean value of the vertical displacement, frontal rotation angle, and lateral rotation angle.Conclusions: The results indicated that the MSN construct might exhibit a better biomechanical performance when compared with that of the PFNA in reducing displacement and anti-varus in fracture type of AO/OTA 31-A2.3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and dechlorane plus (DP) in mangrove sediments and tissues of nine species from three Mangrove Reserves of Hainan Island were studied. The average concentrations of PBDEs and DP in mangrove leaves, branches, roots and fruits were 1048, 498, 546 and 364 pg g−1 dw, and 294, 181, 108 and 165 pg g−1 dw, respectively. The elevated PBDEs and DP concentrations in mangrove leaves may be caused by atmospheric sedimentation. The predominant PBDE congeners in sediments were BDE-209 and those in mangrove tissues were BDE-28. The average f anti (ratio of [ anti -DP]/[DP]) of DP in sediments and tissues were 0.47 and 0.32, respectively. Sonneratia hainanensis , a fast growing mangrove plant, has a relatively high tolerance and absorptive capacity to PBDEs and DP in sediments, suggesting that it could be used as an effective plant for phytoremediation. The biota sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) of PBDEs in mangrove branches were positively correlated with log K OW (R2 = 0.43, p < 0.05). The standing accumulation, annual absorption, annual net retention, annual return, and turnover period of PBDEs and DP in mangrove tissues of the ecosystems were estimated, and the results indicated that mangroves are playing an important role in retaining PBDEs and DP. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Concentrations of PBDEs and DP in natural mangrove plants are first reported. • The elevated PBDEs and DP levels in mangrove leaves may be caused by atmospheric deposition. • BSAFs of PBDEs in mangrove branches are positively correlated with log K OW. • Mangroves are playing an important role in retaining PBDEs and DP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Total 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) compounds and 31 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners in mangrove sediments and tissues (leaf, branch, root and fruit) of nine species from three Mangrove Reserves of China were studied. The mean concentrations of total DDTs, HCHs, OCPs and PCBs in sediments were 2.84, 0.06, 3.84 and 0.17 ng g−1 dw, while those in tissues were 1.85, 0.22, 9.43 and 1.61 ng g−1 dw, respectively. The elevated OCPs and PCBs levels in mangrove leaves may be caused by atmospheric sedimentation. The biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) values of both OCPs (mean: 3.4) and PCBs (mean: 9.9) are generally larger than one, implying mangroves' bioaccumulation and their ability to intercept pollutants. The BSAFs of PCBs in mangrove tissues were negatively correlated with the PCB congener's octanol-water partition coefficients (K OW , R = 0.58, n = 31, p < 0.001), suggesting that lower chlorinated CB congeners are more bioaccumulative in mangroves. In order to better understanding the fate of these organochlorine compounds, the cycling (including the standing accumulation, the annual absorption, the annual net retention, the annual return, and the turnover period) of OCPs and PCBs in the Mangrove Reserves were estimated, and the results indicated that mangroves are playing important roles in retaining OCPs and PCBs. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Concentrations of OCPs and PCBs in natural mangrove plants are reported. • The larger BSAF values of OCPs and PCBs (>1) suggest mangroves' bioaccumulation. • BSAF of PCB in mangrove branches is significantly correlated with log K OW. • Lower chlorinated PCB congeners are more bioaccumulative in mangroves. • Mangroves are playing important roles in retaining OCPs and PCBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical Abstract Eight novel three-dimensional lanthanide coordination polymers, [Ln(dcob)(DMF)(H 2 O)] n based on 2-(3,5-dicarboxybenzyloxy) benzoic acid, were prepared and characterized. 3 , 4 , 6 and 7 show luminescence of the trivalent lanthanides. Highlights • Eight lanthanide coordination polymers were prepared and characterized. • The structure shows a 3D framework with [Ln 2 (dcob) 6 (DMF) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] building block. • 3 , 4 , 6 and 7 show luminescence of the trivalent lanthanides. Abstract A series of novel three-dimensional lanthanide coordination polymers with the building block [Ln 2 (dcob) 6 (DMF) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ], [Ln(dcob)(DMF)(H 2 O)] n [Ln = Pr (1), Nd (2), Sm (3), Eu (4), Gd (5), Tb (6), Dy (7), Er (8), H 3 dcob = 2-(3,5-dicarboxybenzyloxy) benzoic acid, DMF = N , N -dimethylformamide], were prepared under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. 3 , 4 , 6 and 7 show luminescence of the trivalent lanthanides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Concrete filled stainless steel tubular (CFSST) columns have attracted increasing research interests in the last decade. This paper briefly introduces the material properties of stainless steel and reviews recent research on behaviour of CFSST columns and joints at both ambient and elevated temperatures. The reviewed studies include tests of bond behaviour between the stainless steel tube and core concrete, and the static behaviour of CFSST stub columns, slender columns, beams, stainless steel-concrete-carbon steel double-skin tubular columns, and concrete filled bimetallic tubular columns. The cyclic behaviour of CFSST beam-columns under combined axial and lateral cyclic loading as well as the impact behaviour of CFSST columns is also introduced. Fire test results of full-scale CFSST columns are presented along with finite element analysis results. The behaviour of composite joints with CFSST columns is also briefly reviewed in this paper. Based on the previous research, future research directions on CFSST are summarised and discussed. Highlights • Behaviour of CFSST columns under various conditions • Behavior of composite joints with CFSST members • Further research needs of CFSST columns and structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract One type of submarine composite pipeline structure, with carbon steel-concrete-stainless steel (CCS) double-skin tube (DST), was introduced in this paper. This composite pipeline was expected to make optimal use of the three types of the materials, and provide significant structural and internal corrosion resistance. This study investigated the compressive and flexural behavior of the composite pipeline under internal content pressure and external hydrostatic pressure through finite element analysis (FEA). Finite element models were developed, where non-linear material properties of stainless steel and composite actions between constituent parts were considered. The models were verified through the comparisons between the numerically and experimentally determined results, in terms of load-deformation histories, failure modes and ultimate strength. Structural behaviors of the composite pipeline under pressures were compared with those without content and hydrostatic pressure. Parametric studies were carried out to investigate the effects of the outer carbon steel strength, inner stainless steel strength, concrete strength and hollow ratio on the compressive and flexural behaviors of the composite pipelines subjected to pressures. Highlights • Carbon steel-concrete-stainless (CCS) submarine composite pipeline was proposed and the corresponding FE models were developed. • Structural behavior of CCS DST used in submarine pipeline under pressures, compression and bending were analyzed. • The parametric studies were conducted on the CCS submarine composite pipeline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Multi-cell concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column is a type of composite members developing from conventional CFST columns. Featuring greater cross-sectional dimensions and the use of internal webs to separate inner concrete into smaller isolated cells, multi-cell CFST columns have been used in super high-rise buildings recently as the main vertical load bearing members. However, existing research on CFST members is mainly focused on conventional single-cell CFST members. To fill this research gap, this paper numerically investigates the mechanical performance of hexagonal multi-cell CFST stub columns under axial compression. A finite element analysis (FEA) model was initially established to simulate the mechanical performance of hexagonal multi-cell CFST columns. The FEA model was validated against existing experimental data. The mechanical performance of the multi-cell CFST columns were analysed, including the full-range load versus deformation relationships, the stress distributions of the main components and the distribution of contact stress on each concrete cell. A parametric study was then conducted to investigate the sensitivity of various geometric and material parameters on the compressive behaviour of multi-cell CFST columns. Finally, analytical formulae were derived to predict the axial compressive ultimate strength of hexagonal multi-cell CFST columns. The methods were found to be acceptable with reasonably good accuracy. Highlights • A finite element analysis (FEA) model is developed. • A parametric study is conducted to investigate the compressive behaviour of hexagonal multi-cell stub columns. • Simplified analytical formulae are derived based on the parametric analysis of the hexagonal multi-cell stub columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract An-te-xiao capsule consists of total alkaloids from the dried whole plantof Solanum lyratum, and showed antitumor effects in our previous study. However, its inhibitory effect on multiple non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated clearly. This study sought to investigate the inhibitory effects of An-te-xiao capsule on three main types of NSCLC cell lines (A549, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520) in vitro and in vivo and the underlying mechanisms of action including its potential anti-angiogenesis effects. An-te-xiao capsule showed no acute oral toxicity in mice, and significantly prolonged survival time in a mouse model of Lewis tumor xenograft. The inhibition of A549, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520 cells by An-te-xiao capsule was reflected in its effects on tumor growth, histopathological changes, tumor microvessel density (MVD), cell cycle regulatory proteins, and cell apoptosis. In vitro , An-te-xiao capsule repressed migration, invasion, and tube formation of tumor-derived vascular endothelial cells (Td-ECs), which were obtained using a co-culture system, in the presence or absence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at safe concentrations selected using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, An-te-xiao capsule inhibited the secretion of VEGF by A549 cells in the co-culture system and suppressed the phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Taken together, An-te-xiao capsule has potential for treating NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Different types of inner ear diseases can damage different cochlear subsites by different mechanisms. Steroids administered by different methods are commonly used for treating inner ear diseases. There is reason to believe that dexamethasone (Dex) may reach cochlear subsite targets via different pathways after administration by different methods: Intratympanic (IT), postaural (PA), and intraperitoneal (IP). The purpose of this study was to explore the cochlear concentration and distribution of Dex after administration by different methods. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence technology were employed to measure and compare the Dex concentration in the perilymph and cochlear tissue and the cochlear distribution of Dex. IT administration resulted in higher Dex concentrations in the perilymph and cochlear tissues than those with the other administration methods. Intratympanic and postaural administration could result in higher Dex concentrations in the organ of Corti than systemic administration, but systemic administration could result in higher Dex concentrations in the stria vascularis than the other administration methods. A decreasing basal-apical gradient of Dex uptake was present in the cochlea after IT but not IP or PA administration. These results indicate that different administration methods result in different Dex distributions, which can be attributed to features of the cochlear vascular system and intracochlear diffusion. Our results provide clinicians with an experimental basis for the use of different steroid injection routes to optimize the effects on inner ear diseases with different target organs. Highlights • IT group caused higher Dex in perilymph and cochlea than IP and PA groups. • A decreasing basal-apical gradient of Dex was only present in IT group. • Local injection caused higher Dex in the organ of Corti than systemic injection. • Circulation is more effective for delivering Dex to stria vascularis than diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Concrete-encasedconcrete-filled steel tube (CFST) column consists of a CFST component and an outer reinforced concrete (RC) encasement. This paper numerically investigates the behaviour of concrete-encased CFST columns subjected to long-term sustained loading. A finite element analysis (FEA) model is established which incorporates the time-dependent behaviour of concrete under sustained loading using the viscoelastic model. The FEA model is validated against the experimental results from long-term loading tests. By using the FEA model, the behaviour of concrete-encased CFST columns subjected to long-term loading is thoroughly analysed, such as the full-range strain development, the internal force distribution among different components, the confinement effects between the steel tube and surrounding concrete, and the comparisons of three types of columns, i.e. concrete-encased CFST column, RC column and traditional CFST column. The creep deformation of the concrete-encased CFST column is also evaluated by the FEA model and existing design standards. The parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of various parameters on the strength degradation of concrete-encased CFST columns, including the material strength, the steel ratio of CFST component, the sectional configuration, longitudinal rebar ratio, stirrup characteristic value, and the long-term axial load level. Finally, the ultimate strength of the concrete-encased CFST columns after long-term loading is evaluated, with calculation tables provided for the referencing of practical design. Highlights • A FEA model is developed to represent the long-term behaviour of concrete-encased CFST column. • The full-rangeload-strain-age relationship of the composite column is investigated. • Parametric analysis is presented to investigate the influence of various parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The life-cycle performance of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns is investigated through numerical modelling. A finite element analysis (FEA) model is established to simulate the performance of deteriorated CFST structures subject to lateral impact. The imposed effects cover a wide range of factors that may deteriorate the mechanical performance of CFST during its life-cycle, which include: construction issues (preload, residual stress, and imperfection), sustained load (axial load from upper structure), environmental aggressiveness (chloride corrosion) and extreme hazard (impact lateral load). The numerical model is stage-by-stage verified against experimental results and shows good accuracy. It is then employed to analyze the performance of CFST column under the coupled effects, including the failure modes, the full-range load-displacement relationship, and the residual compressive strength. Particularly, the effects of the coupled hazards on the loading capacity of the column are compared with the results when the hazards are separately and independently imposed, which highlights the importance of the life-cycle design for the composite structure. Finally, a parametric study is carried out to analyze the influence of salient parameters on the residual compressive strength of CFST subject to the coupled effects. Highlights • A framework for life-cycle analysis of CFST, including a FEA model, is developed. • Analysis of CFST subject to long-term load, corrosion and impact is presented. • A parametric study on the residual compressive strength of CFST is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Experiments were conducted on RAC-FSST under lateral monotonic and cyclic loading. • The structural performance of RAC-FSST beam and beam-column were analyzed. • Finite element models were established for structural behaviour analysis and parametric analysis. • Modification methods for bearing capacity and hysteretic models were proposed. This paper presents a series of experimental research on recycled aggregate concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (RAC-FSST) columns subjected to lateral monotonic and cyclic loading. The influence of axial load level, shear span ratio, and replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate on the RAC-FSST members under compression-bending loads is studied. The test results indicate that the RAC-FSST columns exhibit favorable ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The P - Δ skeleton curves of the columns subjected to lateral cyclic loading are similar to those of columns under monotonic loading. It indicates that, compared with the plastic damage of the concrete, the cyclic hardening characteristics of the stainless steel have more significant influence on the bearing capacity. Considering the characteristics of material loading and unloading criteria, a FE model is established to analyze the seismic performance of RAC-FSST, with the internal force development and stress distribution discussed. Based on the parametric analysis, the modification method of bearing capacity and the hysteretic models of RAC-FSST members are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) is a powerful chemical approach for probing protein function and enzymatic activity in complex biological systems. This strategy typically utilizes activity-based probes that are designed to bind a specific protein, amino acid residue, or protein family and form a covalent bond through a reactivity-based warhead. Subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry-based proteomic platforms that involve either click chemistry or affinity-based labeling to enrich for the tagged proteins enables identification of protein function and enzymatic activity. ABPP has facilitated elucidation of biological processes in bacteria, discovery of new antibiotics, and characterization of host–microbe interactions within physiological contexts. This review will focus on recent advances and applications of ABPP in bacteria and complex microbial communities. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Tartary buckwheat contained numerous active compounds for α-glucosidase inhibition. • Ultrafiltration-HPLC-MS/MS was employed to screen and identify α-glucosidase inhibitors. • Myricetin and quercetin exhibited the highest activity to inhibit α-glucosidase. • The inhibitors directly interacted with α-glucosidase via a structure-dependent manner. • A synergistic effect was observed between inhibitors. Tartary buckwheat has been shown to provide a good antihyperglycemic effect. However, it is unclear which active compounds play a key role in attenuating postprandial hyperglycemia. Presently, acetone extract from the hull of Tartary buckwheat had the best effect for α-glucosidase inhibition (IC 50 = 0.02 mg/mL). Twelve potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from Tartary buckwheat were screened and identified by the combination of ultrafiltration and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Myricetin and quercetin exhibited the highest anti-α-glucosidase activity with IC 50 values of 0.02 and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. These inhibitors manifested different types of inhibition manners against α-glucosidase via direct interaction with the amino acid residues. The results of structure–activity relationships indicated that an increase in the number of –OH on the B-ring greatly strengthened α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but glucoside and rutinoside replacement on the C-ring obviously weakened this influence. Furthermore, a synergistic effect was observed between inhibitors with different inhibition manners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-span concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) hybrid arch bridge is one of the optimal solutions for large-span bridge construction, where the construction process and long-term sustained loading may affect the structural performance during its life-cycle. The trussed CFST hybrid arch of the Pingnan Third Bridge in China with a main span of 575 m was taken as a benchmark case to numerically determine the life-cycle based structural performance of long-span CFST hybrid arch bridge, and the construction process and long-term service period were considered. The accuracy of the numerical method was validated with the in-situ measured records of the real bridge and a series of available laboratory tests. Thereafter, the life-cycle based working mechanism of the trussed CFST hybrid arch was investigated. Parametric investigations were also carried out to evaluate the influence of key parameters on the load-bearing capacity of the hybrid arch structure. Furthermore, the resistance of the structure was examined using GB/T 51446–2021. It is shown that the simulated results agree well with the in-situ measured and experimental data. The stress redistribution exists in the CFST chord during construction and long-term service phases. The influence of CFST chords is significant to the load-bearing capacity of hybrid arch as the core concrete plays a prominent role, while the effects of the web (brace) strength and web (brace) - to - chord diameter ratio are limited. It is recommended to use GB/T 51446–2021 for resistance prediction of the long-span CFST hybrid arch bridge. • Life-cycle based structural performance of the long-span arch bridge was clarified. • Working mechanism of the trussed CFST hybrid arch was revealed. • Key factors affecting the load-bearing capacity of the structure were identified. • Resistance verification of long-span CFST hybrid arch bridge was conducted using national standard GB/T 51446–2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]