1. Digit ratio (2D:4D) and sex-role orientation: Further evidence and meta-analysis
- Author
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Voracek, Martin, Pietschnig, Jakob, Nader, Ingo W., and Stieger, Stefan
- Subjects
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GENDER role , *SPATIAL orientation , *FINGERS , *RATIO & proportion , *TESTOSTERONE , *META-analysis , *GENDER differences (Psychology) , *MASCULINITY , *FEMININITY - Abstract
Abstract: Three new studies (N= 132, 623, 1112) did not yield hypothesized associations between digit ratio (2D:4D), an assumed negative correlate of prenatal testosterone, and psychometrically measured sex-role orientation (positive association with femininity, negative ones with masculinity and masculinity-femininity difference scores) among heterosexuals of either sex. Meta-analysis of the pertinent literature (N= 6311, 28 studies from 10 countries, 46% unpublished) showed only men’s (but not women’s) left-hand (but not right-hand) 2D:4D reliably related as expected (positively) to femininity. This effect was tiny (0.14% attributable variance) and possibly non-robust (crucially dependent on one large study included). Hence, the cumulative evidence does not support systematic, robust, noteworthy within-sex correlations between 2D:4D and the masculinity/femininity personality dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
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