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In this study, novel porous LaPO 4 ceramics possessing closed spherical pores and thin pore walls have been firstly synthesized using the particle-stabilized foaming method. Affected by the calcination temperature together with solid loading, the obtained porous LaPO 4 ceramics exhibit high porosity (81.69–94.21 %), very low thermal conductivity (κ) (0.124–0.398 W m−1 K−1) and relatively high compressive strength (0.886–9.30 MPa). When the calcination temperature and solid loading are 1500 °C and 35 wt%, optimized porous LaPO 4 ceramics achieve a better balance between thermal conductivity (0.160 W m−1 K−1) and compressive strength (2.07 MPa). Based on this, the prediction model for the thermal conductivity is screened and the thermal insulating capability is further verified. This work suggests that porous LaPO 4 ceramics have the potential to be applied as thermal insulation material in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering highly porous SiC foams with interconnected cellular architecture and satisfactory compressive strength for the practical applications remains a challenging task. In the current work, SiC foams bonded by in-situ formed mullite phase were fabricated via polyurethane foaming using boehmite sol-coated SiC powder as the raw material. The strategy in the current work endowed the resultant products with ultrahigh porosity, interconnected pore structure, and a robust mullite bonding phase among the SiC particles. The resulting products with this cellular architecture possessed a high porosity level of 88.5% and maintained a robust compressive strength of 2.56 MPa. Our results showed that as-prepared products are promising for practical applications in the filtration, adsorption and catalytic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering high performance cellular ceramics with both ultralow density and satisfactory compressive strength for practical applications still represents a grand challenge. Herein, alumina-based cellular ceramics bonded by in-situ formed mullite phase were constructed by Al 2 O 3 –Si-boehmite particle-stabilized foams. The gelation of boehmite sol improved the stability and harnessed the deformation of dried Al 2 O 3 –Si composite foam. The oxidation of silicon and further generation of in-situ mullite phase enhanced the chemical bond between alumina particles on cell walls, resulting in the superior mechanical properties. As an exemplar, the resulting cellular ceramic possessed the robust compressive strength of 2.26 MPa at a high porosity of 87.8%. The gelation-assisted Al 2 O 3 –Si particle-stabilized foams provide a facile and convenient strategy for construction of composite ceramic foams with high porosity and robust strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultralight ceramics with striking mechanical properties and improved pore connectivity could have wide applications in areas ranging from catalyst support to hot gas filtration. However, creating such materials has proven to be a challenging target. This work demonstrated a novel methodology to prepare porous MgAl 2 O 4 ceramics by calcining gelled MgO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 particle-stabilized foams. The striking green strength of dried foams can be achieved as a consequence of MgO hydration and subsequent formation of gelled Mg(OH) 2 and MgO–SiO 2 –H 2 O skeleton. The decomposition of colloidal substance at elevated temperature resulted in the formation of small pores on the cell wall, thus forming the hierarchical porous architecture and improving the pore connectivity. The highly porous MgAl 2 O 4 ceramics fired at 1600°C possessed the integrated properties of ultrahigh porosity (87.0%), improved pore connectivity and satisfactory compressive strength (7.93 MPa), showing great potential to be used in multiple industrial fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile strategy for the fabrication of elongated mullite reinforced porous alumina ceramics (PACs) using carbonized rice husk (CRH) as pore-forming agent and silica source is reported for the first time. A large amount of elongated mullite is synthesized in pores due to the reaction of amorphous silica in CRH skeleton and alumina ceramic powder. Elongated mullite acts as the bridges between pore walls, enhancing the compressive strength of PACs. Furthermore, secondary pores from the intersection of elongated mullite is favor of decreasing of the thermal conductivity. High performance PAC with porosity of 74.3% has been fabricated by employing 25 wt% CRH, which possesses relatively low thermal conductivity of 0.189 W/(m•K) and ultra-high compressive strength of 45 MPa. Its comprehensive performance is much better than that of existing ceramic materials. Our findings present a facile, eco-friendly and effective approach to fabricate high performance PACs as the high-temperature thermal insulation materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A facile method for preparation of SiC nanofibrous network reinforced hierarchical structured porous Si 3 N 4 based ceramics via annealing Si-Si 3 N 4 binary particle-stabilized foam in coke bed is reported in this work for the first time. The atmosphere created by coke bed enables the fabrication of Si 3 N 4 based porous ceramics at 1450 °C without using sintering additives. As prepared specimens possess a relative high compressive strength due to the partial oxidation of Si 3 N 4 particles. This novel structure with three levels of hierarchy characterized by flexible SiC nanofibrous network, cell walls and unit cells can be characterized. The vaporization of silicon powder results in formation of Si(g), SiO(g) and allows subsequent generation of SiC nanofibrous network, leading to a considerable number of micro-pores on cell walls simultaneously. As-prepared porous ceramics contained 76.7% porosity and had compressive strength of 10.81 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compressive strength is one of the most important mechanical properties for ceramic foams but the dependence of compressive strength of highly porous ceramic foams on porosity remains unclear up to now, especially for the ceramic foams with porosity above 94%. In this paper, the relationship between compressive strength and porosity of ceramic foams with high porosity in the range of 79–98% was studied for the first time. The alumina ceramic foams and zirconia foams were prepared by particle-stabilized foaming method using sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) as foaming agent. It was found that the function relation between compressive strength and porosity depended on porosity level. Specifically, compressive strength of ceramic foams fitted well with Rice Model when the porosity ranged from 79% to 94%. When the porosity increased above 95%, compressive strength of ceramic foams showed linear relation to porosity, which was probably due to the characteristic of highly porous ceramic foams with thin and lamellate cell wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]