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Background: Peripartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent, heterogeneous disorder with various underlying mechanisms and unwanted outcomes. Substantial uncertainty surrounding PPD aetiology exists. To comprehensively investigate PPD, research is adopting the biopsychosocial theoretical model highlighting the interplay between biological and psychosocial factors. This paper aims to provide an overview of risk factors and biopsychosocial models of PPD. Method: A literature search was conducted in databases to identify risk factors and biopsychosocial models of PPD. Results: The most robust biological and psychosocial risk factors of PPD and findings from integrative studies are outlined. Several biopsychosocial models are identified, explaining antepartum, postpartum or peripartum depression. Integrative models show promise but differ in conceptualisation and proposed aetiological pathways underlying PPD. Conclusion: Biopsychosocial principles should be applied throughout the perinatal research and healthcare provision as a necessary landmark towards guiding future theory, improving maternal mental health care and ensuring better outcomes for mothers and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses psychological adjustment and checks a suggested theoretical model that relates the presence of psychopathological symptoms to a worse health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adult adoptees. The sample consisted of 177 young adopted adults (mean age 27.67). Measures of psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90), quality of life (SF-12), self-esteem (RSES), and resilience (BRS) were taken. The multiple mediation model shows that, in addition to the direct association between psychopathological symptomatology and a poorer HRQOL, resilience, and self-esteem have a buffering effect on this relationship. As a conclusion, empirical evidence of the impact of mental health difficulties on the HRQOL of adopted people is shown. The presence of positive psychological resources, such as resilience and self-esteem, causes psychopathological dimensions, such as anxiety, depression, phobias, or psychoticism to decrease. This paper supports the inclusion of resilience-building programs as a health promotion strategy, especially in the case of psychopathology, and among post-adoption services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly affected the mental health of children and adolescents. In Spain, numerous studies have been carried out about the emotional impact on this population. The objective of this paper is to examine, through a systematic review, the most immediate psychological effects of the pandemic on Spanish children and adolescents and the related variables. A search was conducted, obtaining 356 articles of which 27 met the inclusion criteria. The studies reviewed address emotional problems, emotion-regulation problems, anxiety, depression, and stress in Spanish children and adolescents. An increase in emotional problems during confinement was observed. Differences were found in emotional problems, being generally more common in girls and older children and adolescents. Related variables of a family nature and referred to the pandemic, coping styles, and other psychological problems were examined. These results are relevant to design interventions that can prevent the impact of other similar situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobbing is a psychosocial risk whose impact goes beyond victims' physical and mental health and, hence, affects organizations and society. Although historically this phenomenon has been studied from the perspective of Work and Organizational Psychology, the fact of being covered in the reform of the Criminal Code of 2010 and its increasing role in clinical and forensic context have raised interest in its approach and assessment. In the present paper, a systematic review of the most relevant assessment instruments—widely used and with reliable psychometric properties—in Spain and Latin America is carried out. In addition, the bases to assess psychological injury and the role of instruments when conducting the forensic evaluation of mobbing are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The holistic model of health requires the inclusion of emotions in prevention and promotion policies. A systematic review was carried out in databases Medline, PsychInfo, and ERIC to check the extent to which emotions are covered in health education. Sixty-six of the 648 papers reviewed were accepted, presenting a wide range of topics, theories, and terms regarding emotional health. Therefore, health education strategies that take emotions into consideration are still underrepresented in scie.jpgic literature. Moreover, a great terminological and theorical diversity is found among the ones that incorporate emotional health, hindering knowledge dissemination and generalization of results. The need for an implementation of a health education model where emotional education is included as an essential part of it, according to recent scie.jpgic advances is clearly shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine gender effects on the relations between abusive supervision and mental health issues, work-family conflicts, as well as the risk of alcohol use. A subset of the SALVEO data (N = 2,058) was used in this paper to conduct multilevel regression analysis, controlling for both work and non-work related determinants. Results showed that abusive supervision was positively related to psychological distress and work-family conflicts, but not the risk of alcohol use. There were no gender differences found in our study, except for psychological distress. Comparing to men, abusive supervision had a stronger negative effect on women's psychological distress. Both work and non-work determinants had significant contributions to mental health issues, work-family conflicts, as well as the risk of alcohol abuse. This study illustrated the importance of using multilevel approach to examine the negative impact of abusive supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's mental problems remain one of the central topics in governments' agendas because of their negative impact at social and economic levels. The present paper is a single case study, with A-B design with concurrent control through behaviors and participants, aimed to identify the effect of the Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) on four mothers who informed about their children's disruptive behaviors in the school setting. A case-control who received psychoeducationbased intervention was included in order to observe outcome differences among participants regarding the implemented treatment. Using the FIAT-Q and functional analysis, participants' problematic behaviors were identified. Mothers treated with FAP were expected to display behavioral changes within the sessions and generalized them to the natural context in the interaction with their children in order to promote children's prosocial behaviors. Results indicated that FAP reduced the frequency of mothers' problematic behaviors and, in turn, children reduced disruptive behaviors. Implications of the study results are discussed both at theoretical and applied levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the relationship between stressful life events (SLE) and psychological symptoms (externalizing and internalizing symptomatology) and school and family adaptation in childhood. Participants were 552, 53.4% boys and 46.6% girls, aged between 10-12 years. Patients receiving treatment in mental health services and a community group were compared. At least one SLE in the past two years is experienced by 88.2% of children. SLE were significantly higher in the clinical group than in the community group. SLE are related to the increased presence of symptoms and lower levels of adaptation. The association between family SLE and hyperactivity symptoms is stronger in the clinical group than in the community group. Having experienced SLE and being a patient predict both symptomatology and adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the sociodemographic, clinical, and health care variables included in the interconsultation reports (PIC) that bring adult patients over a period of 15 days, collected consecutively in the months of March through June 2015 from three mental health centers in Madrid (Colmenar Viejo CSM, Villaverde CSM, and Vallecas Villa CSM). The statistical analysis of data, including analysis of descriptive variables and dichotomous variables, shows the following results: two thirds of referrals are transfers to psychiatry and one third are transfers to clinical psychology; mean time in the waiting list is 74 days for clinical psychology consultation and 38 days for psychiatry consultation; preferential referrals are 31%, with 28 days of mean time in waiting list, being mostly intended for psychiatry; main referred pathologies are anxiety and adaptive and depressive disorders; 46.7% of patients transferred to mental health were already taking some psychiatric medication; clinical psychology referrals involve significantly younge and less medicated patients, significantly less preferential, and with fewer diagnostic and pharmacologic specifications in the PIC than psychiatry referrals. These results are consistent with previous studies, although we have not found other studies that include more than one mental health center, or analyze qualitative information contained in the inter-consultation reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dissociative identity disorder (DID) can be considered a rare disorder because of its seemingly low prevalence. However, in recent years it points to the possible underdiagnosis because its complexity and confusion at the time of differential diagnosis. On the other hand, the malingering of mental psychopathology can have a major socio-economic and legal impact, particularly important in this type of disorder, given the inability it generates and its complex diagnostic. This paper refers the case of a patient admitted to the short-term hospitalization unit of Dr. Rodríguez Lafora Hospital (Madrid) with depressive symptoms. Then the patient seemed to become a TID case. The evaluation consisted of a psychological history and the application of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptoms (SIMS) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II). The results showed an altered personality profile as well as likely malingered symptoms, what prevented us from a DID diagnosis. In view of the results, possible implications of this case for the clinical setting are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although we have made significant progress in the development of preventive tools and especially in the efficacy of the psychological treatments, we are still far from an optimal situation. This paper focuses on two major issues which we consider fundamental challenges and urges in this area: (a) the need for improving and spreading prevention, early intervention, and the promotion of mental health and (b) the need for greater dissemination of effective psychological treatments, the development of new interventions and greater understanding of the mechanisms of action of psychological treatments. The aim is to promote discussion among all stakeholders and debate on those lines we think as priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnitude and impact of mental disorders does not correspond to the resources devoted to research and attention. Although we have made significant progress in their understanding and the efficacy of the psychological treatments, we are still far from an optimal situation. This paper focuses on one of the major issues which we consider fundamental challenges and needs in this area, the increase in research focusing on psychopathology, especially on the mechanisms and processes that explain and maintain mental disorders, as a key point for the design and development of new psychological interventions for the prevention, treatment, and promotion of mental health. The aim is to promote discussion among all stakeholders and debate on those lines we think as a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work stress has extremely significant consequences to the individual and to the organization (Barling, Kelloway, & Frone, 2005). This study examined the relationship between perceived work stress, burnout, satisfaction at work, and turnover intentions. We hypothesized that a positive relationship would be found between work stress and burnout, and negative relationships would be found between burnout and satisfaction, and between satisfaction and turnover intentions. The sample included 124 hospital physicians. As expected, all our hypotheses were corroborated. Structural Equation Modeling( SEM) found that beyond the assumed direct relationships, burnout partially mediated between work stress and work satisfaction, and work satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between burnout and turnover intentions. The paper reviews the theoretical consequences and suggests ideas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavioral health is defined as the absence of mental illness or substance use problems and the presence of positive emotional well being. Although many U.S. Hispanic youth are at increased risk for substance abuse, suicidality, teen pregnancy, unsafe sexual practices and HIV, there exists a lack of available evidence-based practices for Hispanic youth which promotes behavioral health and HIV prevention. The objective of the current research was to adapt and revise the Familia Adelante (FA)Program, a behavioral health, drug intervention and prevention program to incorporate an HIV prevention component. Through qualitative community based participatory methods, including an expert panel and members of the target population, the curriculum was redesigned to integrate effective HIV risk reduction strategies. The process of adapting the intervention is described in this paper, as well as recommendations for future research in program adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is the elaboration of an instrument to assess quality of life (QL) of aging persons with disability. It has been applied to a sample of 2.292 persons older than 45 years, from different regions of Spain. The need of QL assessment instruments for this group of persons with disability who are aging will allow us to make valid and reliable measures to plan efficient intervention actions and strategies, and has motivated the creation of this Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ). The analysis of the scale psychometric properties shows high internal consistency, Cronbach's alfa of 0,92. Scale dimensionality offers a hexafactorial solution that tests six of the main QL dimensions, such as, physical well being, social inclusion, emotional well being, personal development and self-determination, interpersonal relationship and material well being. These results give evidence of the QLQ suitability to assess the QL, as it is perceived by the sample of our study, the ageing persons with disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative attributional style or the relatively steady tendency to put poor outcomes down to internal, stable, and global causes, has been associated with the development of depressive symptoms and poor physical health. On the contrary, the tendency to put good outcomes down to internal, stable, and global causes (normally called enhancing explanatory style) has caught very little attention although results claim its protective role. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the likely mediating role of coping strategies between the explanatory styles and the development of depressive symptoms. Structural equation modelling showed that negative attributional style contributes to the development of depressive symptoms through the use of emotion-focused coping strategies and the non-use of problem-focused coping strategies. The opposite pattern was found for the enhancing explanatory style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]