Search

The article focuses on the impact a Russian amended law concerning state secrets is having on science publishing by Russian scientists. It states President Vladimir Putin used a decree in May 2015 expanding the scope of a law requiring scientists get permission from the Federal Security Service prior to publishing results which could have industrial or military applications. It reports Russian universities are requiring scientists seek approval to the publication of any findings without exception.

Supercomputing technologies have a lot of aspects, and, speaking of their serious support at the state level, it is necessary to create and develop all elements of a supercomputing infrastructure, not focusing only on its individual components. In this paper, we discuss all basic elements of this infrastructure and illustrate the extreme demand for it in Russia, where only the list of tasks published by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation contains more than 700 problems that require supercomputing resources for their solution. Many researchers have worked in this field; however, in this paper, we overview only the results achieved by some prominent Russian scientists from the Moscow State University, to which M.R. Shura-Bura devoted a significant part of his life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the modeling of industrial–postindustrial transition in Russian society. The very special part of this process concerns the relations between lordship and bondage. The relations between Lordship and Bondage in a context of so-called Master–Slave dialectic can elucidate a way to the knowledge-based society as a kind of modern capitalistic society.Design/methodology/approach An author uses a complex of methods. He applies a phenomenological approach, mixed with the dialectics and analytical approach. Phenomenological approach presupposes the neediness of attention on a work of the conscious actions within formation of the social experiences. The modification of dialectics helps to make the comprehension of the history of social relations as a game of forces in self-consciousness, which nowadays bases on the attitudes between leaders and led people. A variant of analytic methodology helps to understand each problem as a puzzle.Findings As a result, author finds a spirit of the processes within development of knowledge-based society and innovative economy depends on so-called Master–Slave dialectic. In Europe, Master–Slave dialectic caused the leading role of scientists. In Russia, scientists depended on the Government and played secondary role in economy.Research limitations/implications Research is the philosophical treatise, which demonstrates the speculative evaluation of industrial–postindustrial transition in Russian society.Practical implications Practical implications is the constructing the prognosis of the development of the Russian society.Social implications Research can help to improve the understanding of the mechanisms of leadership in society.Originality/value Originality of the paper is the reconstruction of social forms, which caused the social progress in Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the current role of foreign foundations in the cross-border mobility of Russian elite scientists. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on a combination of a quantitative survey (December 2004-February 2005) of former Russian Humboldtians and qualitative research (expert interviews in 2005 and in 2012, respectively) of Russian alumni of the Alexander von Humboldt foundation (Germany). Findings – For Russian elite researchers participating in academic mobility, in 2000s it is rather cross-border mobility’ brain circulation’ rather than “brain drain” a dominant form of academic mobility typical. Even in 2000s, western foundations still played a significant while twofold role – promoting emigration of for a small part of Russian elite researchers, on the one hand, while and getting access to top-level labs, etc. and to international academic chains of excellence for the majority of them, on the other. Coming back to the home country, affiliation with foreign foundations reduces the dependence of Russian elite researchers on hierarchical structures within the national state science system and promotes project teams and network forms of interaction their career. However, Russian scientists dependence on foreign funding affect both the scope of research and their academic status (mostly – second-level positions within research projects, etc.). Among the reasons to for leave leaving Russia it is primarily the desire to remain have closer access to their academic community and the equipment to do on the top level in research. The paper formulates some measures to foster incentives to stay in Russia and respectively to support re-emigration of elite researchers, in form of world class research labs and strengthening the motivation of senior researchers to work in the home country. Research limitations/implications – Research limitations consist in using of only one of the alumni networks of several western foundations database. Originality/value – The paper is unique as regards the empirical results; its value consists in their organizational, social and political implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past century, a considerable amount of theoretical and experimental work in all areas of fluvial hydraulics was carried out in Russia. The outcomes of this massive work have been successfully applied in numerous engineering projects in the former Soviet Union. Unfortunately, because of the language barriers and even more due to the geopolitical situation that dominated the last century, the exchange of scientific knowledge between Russia and western countries was greatly impaired. This paper highlights some interesting contributions by the Russian scientists Levi and Studenitcnikov. In particular, Levi’s formula for the sediment discharge and Studenitcnikov’s formula for the critical velocity are discussed and revisited in light of the Shields approach, currently dominant in the western literature. An application example is given considering prediction of local scour along elliptical guide banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a survey of Russian researchers' synchronous international scientific mobility as an element of the global system of scientific labor market. Synchronous international scientific mobility is a simultaneous holding of scientific positions in institutions located in different countries. The study explores bibliometric data from the Web of Science Core Collection and socio-economic indicators for 56 countries. In order to examine international scientific mobility, we use a method of affiliations. The paper introduces a model of synchronous international scientific mobility. It enables to specify country's involvement in the international division of scientific labor. Synchronous international scientific mobility is a modern form of the international division of labor in science. It encompasses various forms of part-time, temporary and remote employment of scientists. The analysis reveals the distribution of Russian authors in the space of affiliations, and directions of upward/downward international scientific mobility. The bibliometric characteristics of mobile authors are isomorphic to those of receiver country authors. Synchronous international scientific mobility of Russian authors is determined by differences in scientific impacts between receiver and donor countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to work out the scientific basics for the development of organic production livestock products for their application in the practice of the agro-industrial complex of Russia. In preparing the article, we took data from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, statistical materials FAOSTAT, EUROSTAT, scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists. The following methods of scientific research were used: statistical-economic, monographic, abstract-logical, calculationconstructive. Using the principles of a system approach, the scientific basics for the development of organic production, from the author's point of view, has been developed, which is a form of scientific knowledge that studies the sequence of creation and development of enterprises in organic agriculture, ensuring the effective construction and interaction of the system structure. A system analysis of the environment in which the development of organic livestock production is supposed to take place has made it possible to divide the scientific basics into three blocks of elements (technological, economic and social), including all its stages (problem-tasks-solution).The probable efficiency of production of organic livestock products is substantiated on the basis of its total cost indicator, predicted before 2030, taking into account the use of organic production methods and without them, using extrapolation and analogy of European experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Announces the fifth geoscience conference and competition involving young scientists slated in September 2005 in St. Petersburg, Russia. Associations participating in the event; Presentation of research papers on science, physics and engineering; Prizes for the competition.

Reports that Russian researcher Igor Sutyagin and two of his colleagues were detained on October 27, 1999 by the Russian Federal Security Service. Searching of Sutyagin's apartment in Obninsk, Russia; Removal of papers and computers; Work nature of Sutyagin and colleague Joshua Handler.